Abstracts The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the relationship between the entrepreneurial planning and social networks to realize their positive effects. In this thesis the entrepreneurial planning is defined as the opportunity, business model, resource, and entrepreneurial team. Social networks are connections to people which concentrate on friend, family and colleague. This thesis takes advantage of the qualitative research by in-depth interviews combined with literature review to come to the following research findings: (1)Friends have the very strong positive effects to the resource and entrepreneurial team. (2)The personality of the entrepreneurs is the critical element to do the integration in entrepreneurial planning and social networks. (3)Experienced entrepreneurs have the better ability to integrate or exercise social networks to the entrepreneurial planning on hand than non-experienced ones. (4) As the entrepreneur one has to build up one¡¦s own social networks in daily time. There is some future research recommendations presented as follows. (1)Participant of the interview should focus on the experienced entrepreneurs. (2)Taking advantage of the regression method to make priority of the social networks. Key words: entrepreneurial planning, social network, entrepreneur, positive effects.

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

Introduction: Family firms serve as major block in the economy all over the world, i.e. it’s significance cannot be understated. In spite of this, many firms fail to continue the firm’s quest beyond the second generation partly because of conflicts in the firm. Conflicts, which could be divided into task, relationship and process conflict, have been deemed to only be detrimental for family firms. As such, limited knowledge exists as to what positive effects conflict may bring about in family firms. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore what the positive effects of different conflict types may be in family firms. The different conflict types are in this respect deemed to be task, relationship and process conflict. Method: The empirical material used for the purpose of this study has been gathered through 10 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 9 different family firms. The data collected has subsequently been analyzed and conceptualized using grounded analysis (codes to themes) with an overall inductive method. Conclusion: Our findings and analysis suggest that several positive effects are associated with the different conflict types in family firms and that the family dimension of the firm work as enablers for these effects to occur. Task conflict produces a sharpened environment for task accomplishment through the enabler proximity to top level of firm. Relationship conflict result in stronger group cohesion through the enabler family feeling. Process conflict generate improved focus on task through the enabler going concern of the firm.

Web mediated communications revolutionized traditional social interactions. It is designed tofacilitate information exchange between individuals and to enable people to connect with friends,family, classmates etc. virtually. By the formation of virtual communities, “web mediatedcommunication” is defined as a wider concept known as “social media”. Social media enhancesthe volume of communications and interpersonal interactions based on the power of web 2.0technology. People join to the virtual communities of online social networks to procureinformation from everywhere, share ideas, experiences, photos, videos and memorable momentswhile extending friendships beyond the geographical and cultural borders. The emergence and fastgrowth of social media among people added value to the web activities and convinced web mastersto integrate web services such as e-mail, chat, discussion rooms, forums and third partyapplications to the social media web sites. Many of social media web sites are hosting millions ofmembers, equipping their web sites with communication tools, sharing options, dynamic contentcreation and collaborative authoring facilities which never experienced before. Facebook, Twitterand GooglePlus are examples of most known social media web sites which gained popularityamong people so fast.Social media helps people to make new friends, find lost friends and old classmates whileproviding an opportunity to build new friendships. This new communication technology empowerspeople to collaborate in authoring of the web content and causes the information sharing synergy.Such positive aspects are enough for people to ignore the consequences of joining social media.Despite the rise of friendships in number, the physical encounters are substituted by virtual oneswhich causes weak friendship ties. In addition, social media platforms promise the security andprivacy of users, but issues such as identity theft and worm attacks threaten users' privacy andsecurity. Social media is in its infancy, adopted among people for less than a decade whereas a lackof research in this field is evident. The author of this thesis aimed at filling this gap byinvestigating the positive and negative effects of using social media through collecting the users'experiences and professionals' viewpoints. Theoretical study primarily illuminated the mainpositive and negative aspects while the findings of empirical research verified by theoretical studyidentified other practical effects and aspects of social media. / Program: Magisterutbildning i informatik

Mankind has developed a lot in the field of Information Technology (IT), Computer Science and Media entertainment. Video games are also the most popular form of media entertainment and gaming environment. It has been popular long before the new generation video games idea was ever thought by the video game designers. Through our research we tried to investigate the positive and negative effects of video games on youth and children. This form of entertainment is more designed attracted among the people, due to the high sophisticated music and environment, which catches every eye. We not only analyzed the previous attempts in this area, but also tried to add some contribution to it. The excessive use of video games makes it more damaging effects on a young mind. Parents and teachers should keep a check on youngsters, and also the companies who design such violent games should keep in account that, what they show through these video games must have some logical or educational value. Many children and youngsters we found through our survey like to play video games because they do not have any other entertaining options. Violent video games are the most appreciated one among children and young people because of the detailed high quality graphics, more realistic images, use of artificial intelligence, complex game strategies, intelligent game inference engines and human-machine interaction. Parents should keep check on their children and select such video games for them which teach their children some useful things and beneficial for them in studies and near future. The teachers in school should also talk more about the advantages of educative games or physical games to develop the young minds more professional and realistic, rather than creating fantasy and fake imaginations. Our survey and research showed us that due to the high attraction of the video games, positive and negative effects are going side by side. Many youth and children do not take the video games seriously and just play them as any another game, while some video game players have disturbed their studies and health by playing the video games for many hours. Many children and young generation denied calling it as an addiction or bad habit. If violence and killing a life is entertainment then human beings will consider it, as a fun and modern society cannot be defined as civilized. This is what we found from our research and survey. / Program: Magisterutbildning i informatik

O reconhecimento, pelos tribunais, da possibilidade de as partes escolherem livremente o foro que deverá decidir eventual litígio consiste em um tema de estudo do direito internacional privado que gera intensas discussões. Embora seja possível se argumentar que, com base no princípio da autonomia da vontade, seja plenamente aceitável a fixação da competência do tribunal a partir da vontade das partes, a jurisprudência brasileira, de maneira não uniforme, ainda reluta em aceitar esse fato. Entende-se que não seria possível às partes afastar a atuação do judiciário brasileiro em hipótese de competência concorrente. O estudo do direito convencional e regional (União Européia e Mercosul) acerca da matéria evidencia uma tendência em favor do reconhecimento da possibilidade de escolha de foro estrangeiro pelos contratantes. Neste contexto, a presente dissertação pretende demonstrar que as justificativas jurídicas que embasam a denegação à eleição de foro estrangeiro à luz do ordenamento brasileiro não se sustentam, e que se faz necessário o reconhecimento, pelo país, da possibilidade de escolha pelos contratantes do tribunal competente para decidir a causa. / The courts acceptance of the freedom of the parties in choosing the court under which they will seek to resolve any possible litigation is a controversial matter of international private law. Although it is possible to state that the choice of court based on the free will principle is entirely legitimate, the Brazilian case law, even if not unanimously, still resists accepting this fact. It is understood that the contracting parties could not fail to resort to the Brazilian courts in the event of concurring jurisdiction. The study of contractual and regional law (European Union and Mercosur) on this matter shows a tendency towards the acceptance of choice of court by the contracting parties. In this context, the aim of this dissertation is to demonstrate the lack of legal reasons for denying the choice of court in light of the Brazilian legal system, as well as that Brazil should accept the discretion of the contracting parties in choosing the court under which they want to litigate their case.

Introduktion  ADHD är ett utbrett och växande problem i dagens samhälle och det finns ett tydligt behov av att hitta alternativ till medicinering som behandling. Syftet med detta arbete är att genom en litteraturöversikt sammanställa och identifiera vilka positiva effekter fysisk aktivitet har på barn och ungdomar med ADHD.  Metod  Examensarbetet är baserat på en litteraturöversikt där tio vetenskapliga artiklar har lästs, granskats och analyserats. Resultatet i samtliga artiklar är baserade på experimentella studier.  Resultat  Samtliga rapporter bekräftar teorin om ett samband mellan fysisk aktivitet och positiva effekter på ADHD. Ett stort antal rapporter vittnar även om ett behov av ytterligare forskning på ämnet för att i sinom tid kunna etablera fysisk aktivitet som skyddsfaktor och alternativ behandling av ADHD.  Diskussion  En genomgång av tio vetenskapliga artiklar påvisar ett starkt samband mellan fysisk aktivitet och positiva effekter på symtomen av ADHD. I ett längre perspektiv finns det potential för fysisk aktivitet att fungera som en erkänd behandlingsmetod för att lindra symtom som hyperaktivitet, uppmärksamhetsproblem och kognitiv oförmåga. / Introduction  ADHD is a well-known and growing problem among children and adolescents today. As there is a specific need to explore alternative treatments to the heavy medications that many use regularly today the purpose of this essay is to summarize the results of previous studies performed on the topic.  Method  The information of this essay is compiled through a literature review were the contents of ten scientific articles have been read and analysed. All of the articles used are based on experimental studies.  Result  All of the studies read confirm the theory of a connection between physical activity and positive effects on the symptoms of ADHD. Most of the studies also call for further research on the topic in order to officially establish physical activity as a protective factor and alternative treatment in the everyday life of children with ADHD.  Discussion  By going through ten scientific articles a strong connection has been noted between physical activity and positive effects on the symptoms of ADHD. In a longer perspective it is possible that physical activity could function as an alternative or complementary method for coping with symptoms such as cognitive function, hyperactivity and focus control.

O reconhecimento, pelos tribunais, da possibilidade de as partes escolherem livremente o foro que deverá decidir eventual litígio consiste em um tema de estudo do direito internacional privado que gera intensas discussões. Embora seja possível se argumentar que, com base no princípio da autonomia da vontade, seja plenamente aceitável a fixação da competência do tribunal a partir da vontade das partes, a jurisprudência brasileira, de maneira não uniforme, ainda reluta em aceitar esse fato. Entende-se que não seria possível às partes afastar a atuação do judiciário brasileiro em hipótese de competência concorrente. O estudo do direito convencional e regional (União Européia e Mercosul) acerca da matéria evidencia uma tendência em favor do reconhecimento da possibilidade de escolha de foro estrangeiro pelos contratantes. Neste contexto, a presente dissertação pretende demonstrar que as justificativas jurídicas que embasam a denegação à eleição de foro estrangeiro à luz do ordenamento brasileiro não se sustentam, e que se faz necessário o reconhecimento, pelo país, da possibilidade de escolha pelos contratantes do tribunal competente para decidir a causa. / The courts acceptance of the freedom of the parties in choosing the court under which they will seek to resolve any possible litigation is a controversial matter of international private law. Although it is possible to state that the choice of court based on the free will principle is entirely legitimate, the Brazilian case law, even if not unanimously, still resists accepting this fact. It is understood that the contracting parties could not fail to resort to the Brazilian courts in the event of concurring jurisdiction. The study of contractual and regional law (European Union and Mercosur) on this matter shows a tendency towards the acceptance of choice of court by the contracting parties. In this context, the aim of this dissertation is to demonstrate the lack of legal reasons for denying the choice of court in light of the Brazilian legal system, as well as that Brazil should accept the discretion of the contracting parties in choosing the court under which they want to litigate their case.

Bakgrund: Patienter som lider av psykossjukdom är globalt förekommande. Konsekvenserna av sjukdomen kan vara både fysiska och psykiska och leda till förtidig död. Hos denna patientgrupp kan fysisk aktivitet generera i hälsofrämjande effekter och därför är det viktigt att sjuksköterskor arbetar motivationsinriktat.  Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att undersöka patienters och sjuksköterskors upplevelse av fysisk aktivitet vid psykossjukdom.  Metod: Designen är en kvalitativ litteraturstudie som genomfördes med en systematisk artikelsökning där 21 kvalitativa artiklar inkluderades. Dataanalysen genomfördes med Bettany-Saltikov och McSherry’s analysmetod för kvalitativ data. Resultat: I den analyserade litteraturen framkom följande teman: Patientperspektivet: Patienters upplevelser av motivation och socialt stöd, patienters upplevelser av försvårande omständigheter för fysisk aktivitet och patienters upplevelser av främjande omständigheter för fysisk aktivitet.   Sjuksköterskeperspektivet: Sjuksköterskans upplevelse av att motivera och individualisera, sjuksköterskans upplevelse av försvårande omständigheter för fysisk aktivitet och sjuksköterskans upplevelse av främjande omständigheter för fysisk aktivitet.  Slutsats: Baserat på den studerade litteraturen är motivation, individualisering, socialt stöd och positiva effekter av fysisk aktivitet är centrala delar för både sjuksköterskor och patienters upplevelser av fysisk aktivitet. Enligt den studerade litteraturen beror detta på att genom motivation, individualisering och socialt stöd kan fysisk aktivitet öka och bibehållas hos patienter med psykossjukdom. Det är även viktiga delar i den hälsofrämjande psykiatriska omvårdnaden och en förutsättning för att stödja patienten i återhämtningsprocessen. Positiva effekter av fysisk aktivitet har i sin tur en betydande roll för motivationsarbetet då de genererar i förbättrad hälsa både fysiskt och psykiskt. / Background: Psychotic disorders is a globally occurring mental illness. The impact of the disease can be both physical and mental and lead to premature death. Physical activity generates in health-promoting effects both physically and mentally in these patients. Thus, it is important that nurses encourage patients suffering from psychosis to increase their physical activity.  Purpose: The purpose of the literature study was to investigate patients' and nurses' experience of physical activity for people with psychotic disorders.  Method: The design is a qualitative literature study that was carried out with a systematic article search. 21 qualitative articles were included. The data analysis was carried out using Bettany-Saltikov and McSherry's analysis method for qualitative data. Results: In the studied literature, the following themes were included: The patient perspective: Patients' experiences of motivation and social support, patients' experiences of circumstances hindering physical activity and patients' experiences of circumstances promoting physical activity. The nurse's perspective: The nurse's experience of motivating and individualizing, the nurse's experience of conditions that hinder physical activity and the nurse's experience of conditions that promote physical activity. Slutsats: Utifrån den studerade litteraturen är motivation, individualisering, socialt stöd och positiva effekter av fysisk aktivitet centrala delar för både sjuksköterskors och patienters upplevelser av fysisk aktivitet. Enligt den studerade litteraturen, motivation, individualisering och socialt stöd kan fysisk aktivitet ökas och upprätthållas hos patienter med psykotiska störningar. De är också viktiga delar för både den hälsofrämjande psykiatriska vården och en förutsättning för att stödja patienten i tillfrisknandet. De positiva effekterna av fysisk aktivitet har också en betydande roll för motivationsarbetet eftersom de genererar förbättrad hälsa både fysiskt och psykiskt.

Digitization is today an integrated part of the Swedish primary school. For the school to remain free and equal for the students, laptops and tablets are given out as loans to students. The school should also reflect society at large, and Sweden is a country where digitization is a fact. All subjects in school must be combined with digitization. The purpose of the essay is to summarize research findings in this area and analyze the result based on the questions and evaluate the result. The outcome of our analysis shows that digitalization have both positive and negative effects but the quality of the outcome also depends on other factors such as teacher readiness and awareness on digitalization. Something that we found with the bachelor thesis is that teachers need to be knowledgeable in digitization to be able to implement this. The teachers are not trained and they do not spend enough time on the training for this. Additionally, students benefit differently based on their experiences. Some benefit because they have a disability that makes it easier for them to handle tablets than to type with a pencil. Others tend to be disadvantaged as technology moves too quickly and find it easy and get bored. Others play because they get coins to spend on the games themselves and do not challenge themselves and thus do not understand the essence of digitization.