Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:33:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nilton Batista Leite.pdf: 3321069 bytes, checksum: 3d4e37401f8f1d1852ec36fd2be2cc34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-20 / This research aims understand the deflection of the State reform in the working-welfare laws and their impacts on the food industry workers health, specifically the cold rooms. Our bibliographic investigation and analytical work about the State counter-reform is guided since the Collor de Mello government until the Dilma Roussef government, exposing the changes, and in some moments suppressions, that the social legislation, with an highlight, to the welfare and worker, has suffered in face of neoliberal thrusts in the country, mainly from what was conventionalized as the Washington Agreement . These impacts over the workers in general, and specifically, by the workers of the cold rooms production chain, which lack of protection is evidenced in the working accidents. It is exposed in another moment the duality between the importance of the agribusiness to the economical growth, in detriment of an emancipatory work. In this context of precarious work, working accidents are shown as refractions of the social question . In the agribusiness case, specifically in the cold room conglomerate, the working conditions are deplorable, together with the lack of an effective inspection by the entities that protect the workers, propitiate the subsistence of an unhealthy environment, prone in the generation of several working accidents. And in this setting, at FRIG , a real cold chamber located on the west region of Paraná and on the micro-region of Toledo, that the research is materialized by means of the analysis of the Working Accidents Communications, starting from January 2008 to June 2014, making explicit the extreme worker exploitation in this specific manufacturing environment and the killing of his dreams. / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender a reforma do Estado no que se refere às leis trabalhistas-previdenciárias e seus impactos na saúde dos trabalhadores vinculados à indústria da alimentação, mais especificamente, os frigoríficos do Oeste do Paraná. Nossa investigação bibliográfica e o tratamento analítico acerca da contrarreforma do Estado pautou-se desde o governo Collor de Mello até Dilma Rousseff, expondo as alterações, e em alguns momentos supressões, que a legislação social, com destaque para a previdenciária e trabalhista, tem sofrido diante de investidas neoliberais no país, principalmente a partir do receituário denominado de "Consenso de Washington". Esses impactos sobre os trabalhadores em geral e, em específico, pelos trabalhadores (magarefes) da linha de produção frigorífica, cuja desproteção trabalhista é evidenciada nos acidentes de trabalho. Noutro momento, é exposta a dualidade entre o lobby da importância do agronegócio para o crescimento econômico, em detrimento de um trabalho emancipatório. Neste contexto do trabalho precarizado, manifestam-se os acidentes de trabalho enquanto refrações da "questão social". No caso dos agronegócios, mais especificamente nos conglomerados frigoríficos, as condições de trabalho deploráveis, aliadas à falta de fiscalização efetiva por parte de órgãos protetivos dos trabalhadores, propiciam a manutenção de um ambiente insalubre, especializado na geração de acidentes de trabalho de diversas ordens. E é neste ambiente, no FRIG, um frigorífico real localizado na região oeste paranaense, que a pesquisa ganha materialidade por meio da análise das Comunicações de Acidente de Trabalho, no período de janeiro de 2008 a junho de 2014, explicitando a extrema exploração do trabalhador neste ambiente fabril específico e o abate de seus sonhos.

Submitted by Joel de Lima Pereira Castro Junior (joelpcastro@uol.com.br) on 2016-07-25T19:55:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Deise Nunes.pdf: 1887758 bytes, checksum: d75010d1a9aa9ea268e5ec320545aa61 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca de Administração e Ciências Contábeis (bac@ndc.uff.br) on 2016-07-27T16:56:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Deise Nunes.pdf: 1887758 bytes, checksum: d75010d1a9aa9ea268e5ec320545aa61 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T16:56:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Deise Nunes.pdf: 1887758 bytes, checksum: d75010d1a9aa9ea268e5ec320545aa61 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Secretaria Municipal de Educação do Rio de Janeiro / O objetivo central desta pesquisa foi investigar como a precarização do trabalho, caracterizada por formas atípicas de contratação, pode afetar os aspectos da saúde física e mental dos professores de Educação Física. Esta pesquisa possui uma metodologia essencialmente quantitativa. Aplicou-se o Protocolo de Riscos Psicossociais do Trabalho - PROART, de forma presencial, individual e em grupo. Os resultados apresentaram as características do contexto de trabalho destes profissionais e sua influência nos aspectos da saúde física e mental dos professores de Educação Física. Todos os resultados da pesquisa apontaram para o desgaste físico desses profissionais. O ritmo de trabalho penoso foi considerado a principal causa dos danos da saúde física dos mesmos. / The main objective of this research was as precarious employment, Characterized by atypical forms of employment, may Affect the aspects of physical and mental health of teachers of Physical Education. This research has an essentially quantitative methodology. We applied the Protocol Risk Psicossociais Labour - PROART of classroom, individual and group form. The results showed the characteristics of the context for these professionals and Their influence on aspects of physical and mental health of teachers of Physical Education. All search results pointed to the physical wear these professionals.

It is widely acknowledged that poverty has declined globally over the last few years. In fact, this idea has become so ingrained in our society that it is almost taken for granted and assumed as an incontestable fact. The question that remains unanswered is where all the poor are now. Are they living a prosperous life or are they tinkering on the edge of poverty? This research study focuses on the precarious non-poor, who are the people surviving just above Upper Bound Poverty Line used by Statistics within South Africa. Although they are not ‘officially poor’ they are still a group that is often overlooked or ignored within the global development community since they are not poor enough to warrant intervention yet not secure enough to demand action. As the research study will show through using a mixed-method approach, they are far from being prosperous and in fact, still struggling to survive. The quantitative findings are based on a statistical analysis of the General Household Survey (2011) that overlaps with the latest Income and Expenditure Survey (2011). It gives valuable background to the problem that was also used during the qualitative phase of the research study to inform the sample choice and interview guide. The quantitative analysis shows that the precarious non-poor is not a unique problem, and as a group, they are found across South Africa. The qualitative findings are based on in-depth interviews conducted in Cape Town, Western Cape and Newcastle, KwaZulu Natal. Framed by the capability approach, set out by Amartya Sen, and a focus on basic capabilities such as employment, education and housing, the results show that the precarious non-poor lack access and choice in terms of capabilities and the opportunity to realise them into functionings. The precarious non-poor in this study are mostly employed within insecure, uncertain or underpaying jobs, underpinned by a social support program, living in neighbourhoods where they feel unsafe while trying to secure a better future for themselves and especially their children. In fact, they are probably no better off than their poor counterparts with prosperity remaining out of reach. / Sociology / Ph. D. (Sociology)

L'adolescence impose de nouvelles exigences à la famille qui connaît alors l'angoisse de l'effacement de ses frontières - frontières qui séparent le « nous » des « autres » et celles qui scindent les générations qui se succèdent. L'intense processus d'affiliation de l'adolescent/e à d'autres groupes menace les pactes et alliances garants du maintien du groupe familial. La capacité contenante de la famille est fortement requise pour que celle-ci soit à même d'accueillir les transformations vécues par l'adolescent/e. Il incombe à ce dernier / cette dernière de reconsidérer la séparation entre soi et les objets primaires, entre le Moi et l'autre, exigence rendue manifeste par son investissement vers l'extérieur. Aussi, l'adolescent/e doit se trouver une place au sein de liens externes, hors de sa famille. La présente recherche vise à analyser la manière dont la problématique de la séparation chez l'adolescent/e se répercute sur le plan des liens familiaux et sur sa relation avec ses espaces de vie (domicile, communauté). Née des interrogations de l'auteure, au fil de son travail auprès d'adolescents en situation de précarité sociale, cette étude soutient l'hypothèse que la problématique de la séparation chez ces adolescents revêt une coloration toute particulière du fait de la « découverte », par ces derniers, du piètre positionnement de leur famille et de leur groupe dans la société. Pour mener à bien cette recherche, ont été réalisées huit séances - ou rencontres - en groupe (composé de onze adolescents âgés de 15 à 17 ans), conduites sur la base du référentiel de groupe opératif de Pichon-Rivière. En accord avec la conception psychanalytique du sujet en tant que « sujet du lien», l'analyse s'appuie sur certaines notions fondamentales telles que celles d' « alliances inconscientes » et de « narcissisme groupal ». Les adolescents ont fait montre d'un grand travail d'élaboration psychique autour de la question du dedans familial et du dehors, parallèle à leur mouvement vers l'extérieur. Leurs propos ont indiqué que, pour leur famille, l'extérieur faisait figure de menace à l'encontre des pactes établis, menace notamment incarnée par la sexualité et par le risque de voir « leur » adolescent/e prendre part à la violence présente au sein de la communauté. Pour leur part, ces adolescents ont révélé à la fois l'expectative d'y obtenir du plaisir - à savoir celui de connaître et de vivre les aspects de leur être intime, aberrants à l'intérieur du groupe primaire - et de la crainte quant à ce nouveau lieu social à occuper. L'extérieur est également apparu comme un espace de différence et d'expérience d'humiliation sociale, vécue par les adolescents, porteurs des marques de leur groupe et de leur communauté. Au travers d'un mouvement inconscient d'opposition à ces marques sociales avilissantes, les adolescents ont en réalité renforcé les marques identificatoires de leur appartenance à la communauté, mettant en lumière la fonction de cette dernière, celle d'espace de contenance. En conclusion, ces adolescents ont été rencontrés à mi-parcours, à la fois en voie de s'assurer une place dans leur communauté - en tant qu'héritière du lien et de l'identification familiale - et de se projeter vers l'extérieur, comme pour se « dégager » du lien familial et se reconstituer. / Adolescence imposes new requirements on the family who then lives in dread of seeing its boundaries blurred and rubbed out - its boundaries between us and the others as well as those framing its different generations. The adolescent's intense process of affiliation to other groups threatens the agreements and alliances made to hold the family group together. The family's containing function is then absolutely necessary to deal with the adolescent's transformations. The adolescent needs to reconsider the separation between himself/herself and primary objects, between his/her Self and the other - that need being clearly expressed through his/her outward investment, commitment. He/She needs to find himself/herself a place to be and behave out of the family structure. This research is aimed at analyzing how the question of separation for adolescents impacts their family links, connections and relationship with their living places (home, community). Resulting from its author's questions and observations raised while working with teenagers in precarious living conditions, this study supports the hypothesis that the question of separation is experienced differently by those who have "realized" that their families and groups are - socially speaking - badly considered. From this perspective, eight group sessions (made up of eleven 15- to 17-year-old adolescents) were conducted according to Pichon-Rivière's operative group framework. In accordance with the psychoanalytic concept of the subject as the "subject of the link", this analysis is based on certain essential notions such as the ones of "unconscious alliance/s" and "collective (or group) narcissism". The interviewed adolescents showed a real effort to reflect on the question of the family's inside and outside - that question being parallel to their outward movement. They expressed that their families viewed the outside as a threat to their established alliances, a threat notably embodied by sexuality and by the risk of seeing "their" adolescent take part in the surrounding community's violence. Regarding their own opinion of the outside, those adolescents revealed both their expectation of experiencing pleasure - that is the pleasure of getting to know and to experience their intimate, inner aspects, unconceivable within their primary group - and the fear of occupying a new social place. The family's outside also turned out to be considered as a space of difference and social humiliation experienced by those teenagers bearing their group's and community's marks. Though through an unconscious movement of opposition to those derogatory marks, the adolescents actually reinforced their community's identificatory traits, thus highlighting the function of the latter, that is to be a containing space. In conclusion, those adolescents were met "half way", both on their way to ensure themselves a place in their community - which inherits the link and family identification - and to project themselves outwards, as if to "get loose" from the family connection and reconstitute themselves. / A adolescência impõe novas exigências à família, que vivencia a angústia do esmaecimento de suas fronteiras - daquelas que separam o "nós" dos "outros", mas também das fronteiras no suceder das gerações. O intenso processo de afiliação do adolescente a outros grupos ameaça os pactos e alianças que garantiram a manutenção do grupo familiar. A capacidade de continência da família é fortemente requisitada, para que ela possa dar conta de acolher as transformações vivenciadas pelo adolescente. Cabe a ele/ela rever a separação entre si mesmo e os objetos primários, entre o eu e o outro, exigência que se efetiva pelo investimento no exterior. Deve, então, encontrar um lugar nos vínculos externos à família. Esta pesquisa buscou analisar como a problemática da separação do adolescente repercute no plano dos vínculos familiares e na relação com os espaços onde vive (casa, comunidade). Surgido das inquietações da autora em seu trabalho com adolescentes em situação de precariedade social, esse estudo sustenta a hipótese de que a problemática da separação desses adolescentes ganha contornos particulares relacionados à "descoberta" de que suas famílias e seu grupo social ocupam um lugar depreciado na representação social. Para condução da pesquisa foram realizadas oito sessões em grupo (formado por onze adolescentes, entre 15 e 17 anos), conduzidas com base na técnica de grupo operativo de Pichon-Rivière. De acordo com a concepção psicanalítica do sujeito como "sujeito do vínculo", a análise foi norteada pela consideração de algumas noções fundamentais, tais como "alianças inconscientes" e "narcisismo grupal". Os adolescentes revelaram um intenso trabalho psíquico de elaboração em torno da questão do dentro e do fora da família, simultâneo a seu movimento em direção ao exterior. As suas falas indicaram que para a família o exterior figurava como uma ameaça aos pactos estabelecidos, representada pela sexualidade, em especial, e pelo risco de que o adolescente se envolvesse na violência presente na comunidade. Os adolescentes, por sua vez, revelaram a expectativa de obtenção de prazer no exterior - de viverem os aspectos de seu íntimo, que não cabem no interior do grupo primário - e, ao mesmo tempo, o receio quanto a um novo lugar social a ocupar. O exterior surgiu, também, como espaço de diferença e de experiência de humilhação social, vivenciada pelos adolescentes como portadores das marcas do estigma ligado a seu grupo e a sua comunidade. Em um movimento inconsciente de oposição às marcas sociais de rebaixamento, os marcos identificatórios de pertencimento dos adolescentes à comunidade foram fortalecidos, destacando-se o papel desta como espaço de continência. Concluímos que os adolescentes encontravam-se no caminho entre assegurarem seu lugar na comunidade - como herdeira do vínculo e da identificação com a família - e se projetarem para o exterior, como expressão da tentativa de "desprenderem-se" do vínculo familiar e re-criarem-se.

Cette thèse vise à expliciter comment les quartiers précaires peuvent être à l’origine de trappes à pauvreté résidentielles. À travers une approche multidimensionnelle réalisée à différentes échelles, nous montrons comment certains facteurs externes, notamment ceux liés aux caractéristiques de l’habitat, contribuent à accroître la vulnérabilité des ménages. Une telle étude de la vulnérabilité demande de considérer, lors de l’analyse, un grand nombre de facteurs explicatifs de l’état de leurs capabilités face à une série de risques sociaux, économiques ou environnementaux. D’autant que ces derniers sont particulièrement importants dans les quartiers précaires et qu’ils compromettent, pour les ménages, leurs possibilités de s’extraire de la pauvreté. Nous élaborons, dans ce but, une typologie de la vulnérabilité des ménages selon les risques cumulés. Nous confrontons les résultats quantitatifs obtenus par une enquête statistique aux discours subjectifs des ménages. Pour les données statistiques, nous nous référons à l’enquête du Programme Participatif d’Amélioration des Bidonvilles (PPAB) sur les conditions d’habitat dans les quartiers précaires d’Antananarivo. Les discours, quant à eux, permettent d’effectuer une analyse rétrospective du parcours des ménages afin de vérifier l’effet de trappe à pauvreté résidentielle. Toutes ces approches permettent de réfléchir à la conception de politiques urbaines qui soient aptes à lutter contre cet « effet de trappe à pauvreté urbaine » afin de relever le défi d’un développement qui soit socialement durable. / This thesis aims at clarifying how the precarious dwelling areas generate residential poverty traps. Through multidimensional and multiscale approaches, we demonstrate how some external factors, including the habitat, may contribute to the households’ vulnerability. In fact, studying vulnerability in such areas requires addressing a wide range of factors that determine their capabilities sets when confronted to social, economic or environmental risks. Those latter are particularly numerous in precarious areas and compromise the households’ possibilities to get out of poverty. We build a typology of households’ vulnerability based on cumulative risks. We compare the results from a statistical survey to households’ discourse analyses. As for the statistical database, we refer to a survey conducted for the Participatory Slum Upgrading Programme (PSUP) on habitat conditions in the precarious districts of Antananarivo. The discourses are used to carry a retrospective analysis of the households’ trajectories. These approaches will finally allow a reflection on the urban policy designed to fight against the “urban poverty trap effect” and address the challenge of a socially sustainable development.

The study sought to understand the labour-market experiences of Kenyan women living in Swedenfrom a precarity standpoint. Specifically, from the point of view of uncertainty and vulnerability ofAfrican migrants workers in the labor market. The research explored how individual, structural, andcultural factors influenced the choice of profession and the labour market participation of Kenyanmigrant women in Sweden. Intersectionality, Precarity and the Dual Labor Market theory were thetheories picked to make sense of the particular vulnerabilities experienced, and strategies adoptedby Kenya migrant women in the Swedish labour market. A qualitative approach was adopted by thestudy and a case-study specifically used. Semi -structured interviews were used as the tool for datacollection and the data coded and analyses thematically. The research found out that African wokenfaced challenges in the Swedish labour market despite their academic qualifications, workexperience or Swedish language skills. Gender and ethnicity were found to be contributing factorsto these women being embedded mostly in the secondary segments of the labour market. Dualismor the labor market segmentation theory- divided into two sections; the primary and the secondaryjobs proved useful as it enabled the research make sense of the participants embeddedness in thesecondary labour markets. The concept of precarity was helpful in analysing various precariouswork undertaken by the participants from the beginning of their migration to Sweden and aftermany years of being in the country. The combination of the dual labor market theory with theintersectionality approach was significant to the study as it highlighted the dichotomy and thecomplexity of interactions between race, gender and ethnicity in the labor market. The findings ofthe research generally confirmed previous studies that show that highly skilled migrant women aremostly situated in the secondary segments of the labour market or face discrimination whenpositioned in primary jobs due to their different ethnicity and different culture. The studyrecommends that further research be done with a a larger sample and the same study done in otherEuropean countries for comparison purposes.

[pt] Esta dissertação é resultado da pesquisa sobre o aumento da contratação em caráter temporário dos assistentes sociais da Força Aérea Brasileira (FAB) no decorrer dos anos 2000, diante das transformações no mundo do trabalho no Brasil, engendradas sob a lógica do capital em sua fase monopolista, considerando as novas funções assumidas pelo Estado brasileiro e seus processos de contrarreforma iniciado nas décadas de 1980 e 1990, sendo aprofundados nas duas décadas seguintes. Assim, o recorte empírico do objeto de pesquisa, bem como o referencial teórico, foi delimitado a partir da nossa experiência profissional, quando observamos uma expressiva contratação temporária dos assistentes sociais da FAB. Essa forma de contratação expressa elementos de precarização do trabalho para um segmento de trabalhadores com formação especializada. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa buscou-se caracterizar o perfil dos assistentes sociais militares temporários que prestam serviço nos Grupamentos de Apoio da FAB (GAPs), identificando o nível de qualificação profissional exigido para o ingresso e manutenção nos quadros profissionais da instituição e apontando de que maneira a ampliação deste tipo de contratação em caráter temporário se insere no bojo das formas de precarização do trabalho no Brasil. Observou-se que o efetivo de assistentes sociais dos Grupamentos de Apoio da FAB atualmente é composto majoritariamente por profissionais temporários e que a principal expressão da precarização deste quadro é o vínculo de trabalho, gerador de constante instabilidade e incertezas. Por outro lado, destacaram-se como fatores positivos a potencialidade do trabalho desenvolvido, a remuneração, as condições objetivas de trabalho e a possibilidade de capacitação profissional dentro da instituição no período determinado de trabalho que se realiza no máximo em oito anos de contratação. / [en] This dissertation is a result of research of the increasing of hiring temporary charater of social workers of Brazilian Air Force during the 2000s, against of the transformation in the world of the work in Brazil, engineered of the logic of the capital in the monopolist stage, considering the new functions assumed by Brazilian State and it s process of conter-reform iniciated in the 1980s and 1990s. It s being deepened in the two decades ahead. So, the empirical clipping of the research object, as well as the theoretical framework, was delimited from our professional experience, when we observe an expressive hiring shows elements of precariousness of work in a segment of workers with especialized training. The development of the reserch, sought characterize the profile of the temporary military social workers that works in GAP and nb sp, identifying the level of professional staff and pointing the way of enlargement of the type of hiring in temporary charater inserts in forms of precarious work in Brazil. It was observed that the effective of social work of (GAP) actually is majority compound for temporary professionals and the main expression of precariousness in work bond, generator of constant instability and uncertainties. In the other side stands out of positive factors the potential development of work, remuneration, work conditions and the possibility of professional training inside the institute in determinated period of work that is realized no later than eight years of hiring.

Over the past decades, the world has witnessed significant social and demographic changes, including a declining fertility rate in Europe, a decrease in job security and flexibilisation of the labour market, and an increasing flow of migrants to the Global North. Especially migrants have been affected by precarious work arrangements. However, little research has been conducted on the specific impact of employment uncertainty on migrant fertility intentions. Using binary logistic regression models, this study looks at the effect of both objective and subjective indicators of a precarious employment situation on short-term fertility intentions using the Swedish GGS-II survey data. The analysis includes both migrants and Swedish-born individuals and covers men and women separately, which is rare in previous research that has focused chiefly on women only. The findings suggest that the impact of unemployment on fertility intentions differs between migrant and Swedish-born women and men. Specifically, being an unemployed migrant, compared to being unemployed and Swedish-born appears to increase the likelihood of expressing a positive fertility intention. The time since arrival for female migrants does not moderate the effect of employment status. However, for female migrants in education who have resided in Sweden for at least five years, the probability of stating a positive fertility intention is substantially reduced compared to newly arrived migrant women. Moreover, the probability of expressing a positive fertility intention increases when a migrant woman perceives job loss as likely in the near future relative to Swedish-born women with similar job security perceptions. Regarding men, the results are less conclusive, with no substantial differences observed in the impact of the likelihood of job loss on fertility intentions between migrant and Swedish-born men. The study suggests that despite the importance of the institutional setting for fertility decision-making, other mechanisms are at play, too: migrants and Swedish-born individuals seem to respond differently to labour market uncertainties and especially unemployment.

[pt] Esse trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para a reflexão das políticas públicas urbanas com foco nos riscos e vulnerabilidades sociais em assentamentos precários. A pesquisa se desenvolve a partir do objeto de estudo riscos e vulnerabilidades sociais, analisado através de um recorte temporal das políticas públicas urbanas implementadas na favela da Rocinha, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, de 2006 a 2014. A escolha da Rocinha como estudo de caso se justifica pelas características de precariedade urbanística e edilícia, bem como pelos diversos problemas de riscos e vulnerabilidades sociais. Essa dissertação busca analisar os fatores que produzem as desigualdades sociais no espaço urbano, que configuram em parte a ausência do direito à cidade, trabalhando com os conceitos de riscos endógenos e exógenos. A metodologia se desenvolve por meio de três categorias de análise: risco e vulnerabilidade, desigualdade social e direito à cidade, a partir de pesquisa documental, visita a campo e entrevistas semiestruturadas com lideranças comunitárias. A pesquisa conclui que a vulnerabilidade na Rocinha está diretamente relacionada com a desigualdade social e a ausência do direito à cidade, tanto em comparação a bairros privilegiados da cidade, quanto internamente, devido à negligência ainda maior sobre os sub-bairros mais precários, que recebem menor atenção do poder público. Os principais riscos endógenos identificados foram segurança pública e precariedade de moradias e de infraestrutura. E os riscos exógenos, inundação e deslizamento. As entrevistas apontaram como principais vulnerabilidades a violência, insegurança alimentar, saneamento básico e pobreza. / [en] This thesis aims to contribute to the reflection of urban public policies focusing on social risks and vulnerabilities in precarious settlements. To achieve such goal the research will analyze urban public policies developed in the squatter settlement known as Favela Rocinha in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2006 to 2014. The choice of Rocinha as a case study is justified by the characteristics of urban and building precariousness as well as the various problems of social risks and vulnerabilities. Therefore, this thesis will analyze the aspects that produce social inequalities in the urban space, which partially configure the absence of the right to the city, using the concepts of endogenous and exogenous risks. The methodology is developed through three categories of analysis: risk and vulnerability, social inequality, and the right to the city, based on documentary research, field research and semi-structured interviews with community leaders. The research concludes that vulnerability in Rocinha is directly related to social inequality and the absence of the right to the city, both in comparison to privileged neighborhoods of the city, and internally, due to the greater neglect of the most precarious sub-neighborhoods, which receive less attention from the government. The mais endogenous risks identified were public security and precariouness of housing and infrastructure. And exogenous risks were flooding and landslides. The interviews pointed out as main vulnerabilities violence, food insecurity, basic sanitation and poverty.

[pt] A presente dissertação Da rua à quarentena: um estudo sobre trabalho sexual de pessoas transexuais no contexto da pandemia da covid-19 tem como objetivo principal analisar o aumento das violências sofridas por pessoas transexuais trabalhadoras do sexo no contexto da pandemia da covid-19. Vislumbrando compreender as condições de trabalho vivenciadas pelas pessoas transexuais e os tipos de violência as quais foram acometidas nesse período de pandemia, principalmente nos meses de recomendação de lockdown, fizemos um recorte temporal compreendido entre 2020 e 2021. Com uma leitura feminista, decolonial e crítica, buscamos na pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, dados para uma maior compreensão da realidade vivenciada por pessoas transexuais trabalhadoras do sexo. Como procedimento metodológico, analisamos os dossiês anuais elaborados pela Associação Nacional de Travestis e Transexuais (ANTRA) intitulados “Assassinatos e Violências contra as Pessoas Trans” dos últimos 2 (dois) anos, ou seja, anos de 2020 e 2021. Compreendemos que a análise desse material trouxe dados comparativos para a observação do aumento das violências sofridas por pessoas transexuais no período da pandemia, principalmente entre as trabalhadoras do sexo. A escolha pelos dossiês se deu pela dificuldade de localizarmos dados sobre a população trans, o que revela o quanto essa população não é reconhecida, bem como demonstrou as subnotificações de dados sobre essa população. A pesquisa evidenciou que o aumento da violência sofrida pela população transexual no período da pandemia, principalmente entre as trabalhadoras do sexo, expõe uma relação de condição laboral de extrema precarização, informalidade e desemprego, onde o mundo do trabalho determina quais trabalhadoras exercerão trabalhos formais, informais, precários e as que não terão possibilidade de vender sua força de trabalho. / [en] This dissertation From the street to the quarantine: a study on sex work by transgender people in the context of the covid-19 pandemic has as main objective to analyze he increase in violence suffered by transsexual sex workers in the context of the covid-19 pandemic. Aiming to understand the working conditions experienced by transsexuals and the types of violence they were subjected to during the pandemic period, especially during the months when lockdown was recommended, we used a timeframe between 2020 and 2021. With a feminist, decolonial, and critical reading, we sought data from documentary and bibliographical research for a better understanding of the reality experienced by transsexual sex workers. As a methodological procedure, we analyzed the annual dossiers prepared by the National Association of Transvestites and Transsexuals (ANTRA) entitled Murders and Violence against Trans People from the last 2 (two) years, that is, the years 2020 and 2021. We understand that the of material brought comparative data for the observation of the increase in violence suffered by transsexual people in the period of the pandemic, especially among sex workers. The choice for the Dossiers was due to the difficulty in locating data about the trans population, which reveals how much this population is denied and invisibilized, as well as demonstrated the underreporting of data about this population. The research showed that the increase in violence suffered by the transgender population in the pandemic period, especially among sex workers, exposes a relationship of labor condition of extreme precariousness, informality and unemployment where the world of work determines which workers will exercise formal, informal, precarious jobs and those who will not have the possibility of selling their labor force.