Increased globalised competition and the need to meet continuously changing customer requirements has forced the UK construction industry to consider its practice. The industry has been repeatedly criticised for its inefficiency, fragmentation, profitability, and lack of co-ordination and communication by many governmental and institutional reports (Phillips, 1950; Emmerson, 1962; Banwell, 1964; Gyles, 1992; Latham, 1994; Egan, 1998). Latham and Egan cited that process improvement and learning from the manufacturing industry could aid the prevailing situation. Following such recommendations, a number of construction clients started developing their own design and construction process, including BAA (British Airports Authority), BAe (British Aerospace) and London Underground, as a way to improve the prevailing situation. An appraisal of these industrial approaches highlighted a common structure that contributed to the development of the Generic Design and Construction Process Protocol (GDCPP). This research project, led by the University of Salford, proved to be the impetus for a flurry of other construction companies to remodel their processes. However, the success of a construction project is not always directly attributed to the performance of the new project process, and vice versa. Framed in these terms, how can the effectiveness of implementing a new design and construction project process be measured in recompense to this growing trend of process improvement? Construction performance measurement today is myopic. For too long, construction organisations have focused on short-termism. If they are to remain competitive, they need to embrace broader issues other than the traditional time cost and quality metrics of construction performance (Love & Holt, 2000). They must also consider the performance of the project process itself (Neely et al, 2000) as to determine the true barriers to success, be that the process itself or implementation factors. However, there is at present a lack of understanding on how the measurement of project processes should be approached. This is attributable in part to the absence of publicly available information, and in part to the inherent difficulty of measuring a complex and creative process. This thesis describes the development of the project process evaluation (PPE) framework that aims to address this research gap. Literature reviews and a scoping survey questionnaire were used in this research investigation for the discovery and building of the PPE framework. The framework consists of five steps, which guides the user from the identification of performance indicators governing the selection of the new project process, through into a knowledge-learning domain in order to improve upon future projects. A case study research strategy was then used to test and validate the model, which employed various research methods to collect both qualitative and quantitative data for the study; the Process Protocol was deployed on the case studies in order to certify the framework. The resulting PPE framework provides an original, prototypical solution to assessing the effectiveness of implementing a new design and construction project process.

Software development processes such as the Waterfall process and Extreme Programming are Project Management Methods (PMMs) which are well known and widely used. However, conventional Project Management (PM) lacks the process concepts expressed in PMMs, and the connection between PMMs and PM is not much explored in the literature. Our research problem is to make this connection. We present data models for PM and PMM, in a framework that can articulate the PM-to-PMM relationship, illustrating with simple examples. Tools and visualizations created in terms of our framework can make use of the familiarity, history and context of project management tools, and the prescriptiveness and reactivity of PMMs, and we believe these may assist the management of complicated projects, such as IT projects. Project Mentor, a prototype Java/XML implementation of the framework semantics, can create and then revise a PMM-aware project, conforming to a specified PMM. The PM-to-PMM connection is persistent in project data, and we describe a visualization of the footsteps of a PMM in project data that does not rely on the state of a PMM process. The visualization can also be used by Project Mentor, to indicate the state of a PMM. We test for possible applications of our framework with a case study and survey of some existing project data, and conclude with a description of further work.

Acceptance and understanding of project management tends to be limited by project managers (PMs) who have a specific technical training and follow one or two major theories on project processes. Consequently, project managers may encounter difficulty in being ‘recognised’ by employers and moving from one professional discipline to another. The current research examines knowledge areas applied ‘in the field’ by project managers (PMs), and provides them with knowledge about the constancy of application of project theories; further, a new model of what constitutes PM and enables flexibility for PMs is suggested. As there was little extant literature about PMs being able to transfer from one professional discipline to another, or to what degree different knowledge areas were applied, it was determined that exploratory research was appropriate. The results strongly indicate that organisations that rely on programs and projects to support the delivery of their strategic objectives will benefit from implementation of the project management revised hypothetical model (Figure 13). The model incorporates the nine knowledge areas of The Project Management Institute (USA) and six knowledge areas extracted from the PM methodology PRINCE2. Further, the additional focus of People Specific Management (PSM) at Level 3 of the revised hypothetical model (Figure 13) is recommended. Qualifications for PMs do make a difference! In addition to demonstrating the importance of PM qualifications to augment PM’s successful transfer across disciplines, further research is suggested regarding the need for training to be ‘compulsory’ and follow the developmental levels described in the up-to-date model developed during the research (Figure 13).

Submitted by Emanuel Varela Cardoso (emanuel.varela@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-23T20:56:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDREA CAROLINO DO MONTE – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGDESIGN) 2018.pdf: 2705913 bytes, checksum: eb47984a6d5dec6602acebf6462a95d7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T20:56:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDREA CAROLINO DO MONTE – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGDESIGN) 2018.pdf: 2705913 bytes, checksum: eb47984a6d5dec6602acebf6462a95d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-23 / Designers e arquitetos são profissionais que enfrentam diariamente a inquietude da constante busca pelas soluções projetuais que mais se aquedam à situação problema que gerou a necessidade de desenvolvimento do projeto. Apesar de suas semelhanças teóricas e técnicas, o exercício da prática revela as nuances que diferenciam os profissionais quanto às especificidades adotadas no percurso metodológico para desenvolvimento de um projeto. Diante desse contexto, a pesquisa buscou identificar as especificidades dos processos projetuais dos designers e arquitetos que atuam na cidade de Campina Grande – PB, traçando um panorama geral dos métodos mais difundidos de projeto de Design e de Arquitetura por profissionais brasileiros, além de descrever e entender as práticas projetuais encontradas, conhecer os processos projetuais dos designers e dos arquitetos a fim de perceber as diferenças e similaridades entre ambos os projetistas e identificar as variáveis do processo que se destacam como potencialidades no desenvolvimento de projetos. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso com dois escritórios (um de cada área) na referida cidade, selecionado mediante adequação aos critérios propostos no estudo. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: ficha de caracterização (preenchida pela pesquisadora com dados disponibilizados nos meios digitais), questionário (respondido pelos membros da equipe do escritório) e roteiro de entrevista (realizadas com os sócios-proprietários). A análise dos dados foi baseada nos métodos “análise do conteúdo”, “observação em pesquisas qualitativas” e “o discurso oral culto”. Ao final do estudo constatou-se que embora o ato de projetar seja o cerne das referidas profissões, o modo como é conduzido até o resultado final varia tanto entre as profissões, quanto entre os profissionais da mesma classe, imprimindo a esse processo uma identidade própria. Entretanto, também é possível identificar aproximações, como é o caso da linha lógica do pensamento da etapa abstrata para a técnica precisa, além de alguns elementos inerentes ao processo, a exemplo das ferramentas computacionais de representação gráfica. / Designers and architects are professionals who face daily the restlessness of the constant search for the solutions that are most suited to the problem situation that generated the need to develop the project. In spite of their theoretical and technical similarities, the practice of practice reveals the nuances that differentiate the professionals regarding the specificities adopted in the methodological course for the development of a project. In this context, the research sought to identify the specificities of the design processes of the designers and architects who work in the city of Campina Grande - PB, giving an overview of the most widespread methods of design and architecture by brazilian professionals, as well as describing and understand the design practices encountered, know the design processes of designers and architects in order to perceive the differences and similarities between both designers and to identify process variables that stand out as potentialities in the development of projects. A case study with two offices (one from each area) was carried out in that city, selected according to the criteria proposed in the study. The following instruments were used to collect data: characterization form (completed by the researcher with data available in the digital media), questionnaire (answered by the members of the office team) and interview script (carried out with the owner-owners). Data analysis was based on the methods "content analysis", "observation in qualitative research" and "oral speech worship". At the end of the study it was found that although the designing is the core of these professions, the way in which it is conducted to the final result varies both among professions and professionals of the same class, imparting to this process an identity of its own. However, it is also possible to identify approximations, such as the logical line of thought from the abstract stage to the precise technique, as well as some inherent elements of the process, such as computational tools of graphic representation.

Submitted by Mariana Dornelles Vargas (marianadv) on 2015-03-17T18:06:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 mood_board.pdf: 6096036 bytes, checksum: 2100cb62592f8e03519ba4ead070534c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-17T18:06:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mood_board.pdf: 6096036 bytes, checksum: 2100cb62592f8e03519ba4ead070534c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Nenhuma / A realização de projetos em design é um processo complexo que parte de um problema geralmente mal definido e mal estruturado. A solução de problemas de design passa por diversas estratégias projetuais. Essa dissertação investiga uma estratégia projetual traduzida em um instrumento, o mood board. O pressuposto dessa pesquisa é o de considerar o mood board uma interface visual que constrói metáforas que facilitam a geração de ideias e conceitos de projeto através da organização e relação entre as imagens que sustenta. Nesta pesquisa, investiga-se o mood board no contexto de processo de projetos em design, publicidade, assessoria de moda e projetos de assinaturas visuais. Ao final, espera-se contribuir para uma melhor compreensão do conceito dessa ferramenta de design, de suas características, das diferentes lógicas de construção e de suas funções nos processos de projeto investigados. / Involvement in design projects is a complex process which begins with a usually poorly defined and badly structured problem. The solution of design problems goes through various projecting strategies. This paper investigates a projecting strategy translated into a tool called mood board. The assumption of this research is one of regarding the mood board as a visual interface constructing metaphors which facilitate the generation of project ideas and concepts through the organization and relationship between the images it sustains. In this research the mood board is being investigated in the context of the process of projects in design, advertising, fashion consultancy and graphic signature projects. At the end, it is hoped to contribute to a better comprehension of the concept of this design tool, its characteristics, its different construction logics and its functions on the investigated project processes

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-12-14T15:02:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula Alcaraz Gomes Sant’Anna_.pdf: 27370392 bytes, checksum: 964fd836449dc6df59e0a8c04f53e431 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-14T15:02:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula Alcaraz Gomes Sant’Anna_.pdf: 27370392 bytes, checksum: 964fd836449dc6df59e0a8c04f53e431 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-27 / Nenhuma / A área de estudo do design para a emoção explora o espaço de influência e contribuição do design na esfera psicológica dos usuários com o objetivo de gerar estratégias de design que possam estimular determinadas emoções ou facilitar o seu bem-estar. Nesse contexto, o ponto de partida para o processo projetual é a investigação dos concerns do usuário, aspecto que determina a dinâmica de suas motivações e emoções. A abordagem teórico-metodológica dilemma-driven design (design orientado para o dilema) investiga um aspecto específico dos concerns: o seu ponto de conflito, fator responsável por grande parte do desconforto emocional que experienciamos diariamente. O método estimula a geração de estratégias de design capazes de equilibrar os concerns conflitantes (dilemas) dos usuários a fim de facilitar sua maior percepção de bem-estar. O objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar como o uso dos concerns conflitantes pode contribuir ao processo projetual do design no contexto da maternidade. Para tanto, foi escolhido um objeto de estudo característico por seus conflitos emocionais: a experiência da maternidade. A pesquisa empírica se estruturou na natureza qualitativa exploratória e teve como método condutor as diretrizes do design orientado para o dilema. Sua primeira etapa consistiu de um grupo focal com usuários (mães) para a descoberta de seus concerns e principais dilemas. Esse conteúdo foi utilizado como substrato teórico à etapa projetual, composta por dois workshops nos quais designers desenvolveram ideias de design de SPS (sistema produto-serviço), sendo que um dos grupos projetou para concerns conflitantes a partir do método design orientado para o dilema, e o outro projetou para concerns múltiplos com métodos livres. Os resultados da pesquisa sugerem uma nova formatação ao dilema (multipolar), capaz de atender a múltiplos concerns conflitantes simultaneamente. Além disso, abre-se caminho para projetos de SPS voltados para impactar diversos usuários, e provoca-se o debate acerca da influência positiva do designer-usuário no desempenho projetual. / The area of study of emotional design explores the space of influence and contribution of design in the psychological sphere of users with the aim of generating design strategies that can stimulate certain emotions or facilitate their well-being. In this context, the starting point for the design process is the investigation of the user's concerns, an aspect that determines the dynamics of his motivations and emotions. The theoretical-methodological approach dilemma-driven design investigates a specific aspect of the concerns: its point of conflict, factor responsible for much of the emotional discomfort we daily experience. The method stimulates the generation of design strategies capable of balancing the conflicting concerns (dilemmas) of the users in order to facilitate their greater perception of well-being. The purpose of this research is to verify how the use of conflicting concerns can contribute to the design design process. For this, it was chosen a object of study characterized by their emotional conflicts: the experience of motherhood. The empirical research was structured in the qualitative exploratory nature and had the directives of dilemma-driven design as the guiding method. Its first stage consisted of a focus group with users (mothers) to discover their concerns and main dilemmas. This content was used as a theoretical substrate for the design process, composed of two workshops in which designers developed PSS (product-service system) design ideas, and one of the groups projected to conflicting concerns oriented by the dilemma-driven design method, and the other designed for multiple concerns with free methods. The results of the research suggest a new format for the dilemma (multipolar), capable of meeting multiple conflicting concerns simultaneously. In addition, it opens the way for PSS projects aimed at impacting several users, and the debate about the positive influence provoked by the designer-user on the design process performance.

Entre as escolas projetadas pelo arquiteto João Batista Vilanova Artigas (1915-1985), algumas têm sido amplamente discutidas, tais como, o Ginásio de Itanhaém (1959), o Ginásio de Guarulhos (1960) e a FAUUSP (1961). Artigas também projetou, entre 1976 e 1978, onze escolas para a Companhia Estadual de Construções Escolares (CONESP), distribuídas em diferentes regiões do Estado de São Paulo, as quais ainda não foram alvo de estudos mais detidos, embora representem quase 50% do conjunto de escolas públicas projetadas pelo arquiteto. A presente tese analisa individualmente essas onze escolas, comparando os procedimentos de projeto adotados com aqueles usados em produções do arquiteto que atingiram maior notoriedade. A hipótese que norteia o trabalho é que, embora com aparências distintas, esses projetos realizados para a CONESP resgatam os mesmos conceitos, desígnios e elementos de uma linguagem própria consolidada em toda trajetória de Artigas, por meio de soluções técnicas construtivas que até então foram consideradas restritivas, sob o ponto de vista criativo. A metodologia de análise desse material caracteriza-se por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, leitura dos desenhos digitalizados presentes na Biblioteca da FAUUSP e da FDE, croquis, redesenhos e visitas às escolas em questão. Como resultado concluiu-se que, independente das circunstâncias e condicionamentos, os riscos do arquiteto apresentam-se imanentes e relevantes. Dessa forma, essas escolas validam a trajetória de Artigas, uma vez que representam um trabalho distinto de outras soluções que caracterizam a sua expressividade formal amplamente conhecida. Por fim, esta pesquisa contribui tanto para a compreensão da totalidade da obra de Artigas, como também, enriquece o material de estudo e ensino da área de projeto de arquitetura. / Among the school buildings designed by the architect João Batista Vilanova Artigas (1915-1985), some of them have been widely studied, such as the Itanhaém\'s Gymnasium (1959), Guarulhos\'s Gymnasium (1960) and the FAUUSP (1961). Artigas also designed, between 1976 and 1978, eleven school buildings as request of the Companhia Estadual de Construções Escolares (CONESP). These buildings, distributed in different areas of São Paulo State, have not been properly analyzed by academic studies, although they represent almost 50% of the school buildings designed by this architect. In view of that, the present thesis analyzes these eleven schools individually and compares its design procedures with his most popular projects. The hypothesis that guides this research is that these buildings projects carried out as a request of CONESP rescue the same concepts, designs and elements established by Artigas, which shows up as constructive technical solutions. The methodologies adopted to analyze this subject are the following: bibliographical review, study of the scanned original drawings (available at FAUUSP and FDE Library), sketches, redrawing and visits to these schools buildings. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the procedures adopted by Artigas are similar to the ones used in his most famous projects, which highlights the importance of these school buildings, enriching the comprehension on Artigas\' trajectory as a whole, also contributing to a deepen view on his project procedures, enhancing the architecture project field.

Entre as escolas projetadas pelo arquiteto João Batista Vilanova Artigas (1915-1985), algumas têm sido amplamente discutidas, tais como, o Ginásio de Itanhaém (1959), o Ginásio de Guarulhos (1960) e a FAUUSP (1961). Artigas também projetou, entre 1976 e 1978, onze escolas para a Companhia Estadual de Construções Escolares (CONESP), distribuídas em diferentes regiões do Estado de São Paulo, as quais ainda não foram alvo de estudos mais detidos, embora representem quase 50% do conjunto de escolas públicas projetadas pelo arquiteto. A presente tese analisa individualmente essas onze escolas, comparando os procedimentos de projeto adotados com aqueles usados em produções do arquiteto que atingiram maior notoriedade. A hipótese que norteia o trabalho é que, embora com aparências distintas, esses projetos realizados para a CONESP resgatam os mesmos conceitos, desígnios e elementos de uma linguagem própria consolidada em toda trajetória de Artigas, por meio de soluções técnicas construtivas que até então foram consideradas restritivas, sob o ponto de vista criativo. A metodologia de análise desse material caracteriza-se por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, leitura dos desenhos digitalizados presentes na Biblioteca da FAUUSP e da FDE, croquis, redesenhos e visitas às escolas em questão. Como resultado concluiu-se que, independente das circunstâncias e condicionamentos, os riscos do arquiteto apresentam-se imanentes e relevantes. Dessa forma, essas escolas validam a trajetória de Artigas, uma vez que representam um trabalho distinto de outras soluções que caracterizam a sua expressividade formal amplamente conhecida. Por fim, esta pesquisa contribui tanto para a compreensão da totalidade da obra de Artigas, como também, enriquece o material de estudo e ensino da área de projeto de arquitetura. / Among the school buildings designed by the architect João Batista Vilanova Artigas (1915-1985), some of them have been widely studied, such as the Itanhaém\'s Gymnasium (1959), Guarulhos\'s Gymnasium (1960) and the FAUUSP (1961). Artigas also designed, between 1976 and 1978, eleven school buildings as request of the Companhia Estadual de Construções Escolares (CONESP). These buildings, distributed in different areas of São Paulo State, have not been properly analyzed by academic studies, although they represent almost 50% of the school buildings designed by this architect. In view of that, the present thesis analyzes these eleven schools individually and compares its design procedures with his most popular projects. The hypothesis that guides this research is that these buildings projects carried out as a request of CONESP rescue the same concepts, designs and elements established by Artigas, which shows up as constructive technical solutions. The methodologies adopted to analyze this subject are the following: bibliographical review, study of the scanned original drawings (available at FAUUSP and FDE Library), sketches, redrawing and visits to these schools buildings. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the procedures adopted by Artigas are similar to the ones used in his most famous projects, which highlights the importance of these school buildings, enriching the comprehension on Artigas\' trajectory as a whole, also contributing to a deepen view on his project procedures, enhancing the architecture project field.

The main objective of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the project management system in the specific organization and to suggest possible changes based on the concrete findings. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to the main theories describing the meaning of a project itself, project management, its development throughout the history and the basic ways and processes widely used in managing a project. The thesis also pays an attention to the legal standardization of project management along with the corresponding organizations describing and maintaining the project know-how. The second part describes the selected organization, its history and the scope of business. The section also provides an overview and analysis of the project management best practice undertaken by the mentioned company. The analysis examines related corporate documents, internal project guidelines and the processes supporting the project management in the company. In the final part of the thesis several suggestions of corrective actions are listed, based on the specific findings identified in the analysis.

Detta är en fallstudie mellan två mediebolagen som på grund av Covid-19 pandemin, som slog världen med storm år 2019, fick ställa om sina arbetsprocesser till distansarbete. Det fysiska ledarskapet övergick till ett E-ledarskap och mediebolagen fick lära sig hur ledarskapet påverkas när medarbetarna befinner sig på olika platser. Vi har undersökt vad två utvalda bolag har använt för digitala kommunikationsverktyg och vilka utmaningar projekt- och produktionsledarna på dessa bolag har ställts inför, men även hur attityden gentemot de interna arbetsprocesserna har förändrats. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer med projekt- och produktionsledare på två etablerade mediebolag i Sverige har vi undersökt vilka skillnader och likheter som bolagen har upplevt. Slutligen föreslår vi som vidare forskning en större kartläggning av mediebranschen och distansarbete för att undersöka om andra bolag har upplevt samma sak som våra respondenter, och ifall det finns mönster. / This is a case study between two media companies that due to the Covid-19 pandemic, which hit the world by storm in 2019, had to switch their work processes to remote work. The physical leadership became an E-leadership and the media companies learned how leadership is affected when employees work remote from various places. We have examined what digital communication tools two selected companies have used and what challenges our selection has faced, but also how the internal work processes have changed. Through qualitative interviews with project and production managers at two established media companies in Sweden, we have investigated the differences and similarities that the companies have experienced. Finally, as further research, we propose a larger survey of the media industry and remote work to investigate whether other companies have experienced the same thing as our respondents, and if there are patterns.