Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:27:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 445279.pdf: 1085481 bytes, checksum: 6e0639b724110d87d31bdbdec6f32606 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-15 / The aim of this work is to propose a new approach to the analysis of the economic theory of crime, individual and its behavior, incorporating the neoclassical concepts on the study and the valuable advances in behavioral economics that will culminate in a basic theoretical model. The main results achieved of the model, considering the given variables and parameters set out, suggest that the violation of a particular set of laws could occur instead of a deliberate intention by an error of the agent's perception. In the second part, the theory revised and the improvement proposed in the first part is applied within the environment of crime that involves the interaction between drinking and driving. A review of the studies conducted over the past 30 years mainly in economics and psychopharmacology support an extended version of the model presented in the first part of the work. The main results lead us to believe that, when the law allows some level of alcohol ingestion before the decision about the abilities, capacity and level of intoxication to drive, can interfere in the decision mechanism of the agent who can commit the crime unintentionally / O presente trabalho prop?e uma nova abordagem ? an?lise econ?mica da teoria do crime, centrada no indiv?duo e seu comportamento, onde os valiosos avan?os da economia comportamental s?o incorporados aos conceitos neocl?ssicos sobre o tema, resultando num modelo te?rico b?sico. Os principais resultados do modelo, dadas as vari?veis analisadas e os par?metros estipulados, sugerem que a viola??o a um conjunto determinado de leis pode ocorrer n?o por vontade deliberada e sim por um erro de percep??o do agente. Na segunda parte do trabalho, a teoria revisada e o acr?scimo proposto na primeira parte, ser?o aplicados dentro do ambiente do crime que envolve a intera??o entre bebida e dire??o, sendo proposta uma revis?o dos trabalhos emp?ricos realizados nos ?ltimos 30 anos tanto na economia quanto na psicofarmacologia que d?o sustenta??o a uma vers?o estendida do modelo te?rico apresentado na primeira parte do trabalho, cujos resultados nos levam a crer que legisla??es que toleram a ingest?o de quantidades m?ximas de ?lcool, acabam por interferir no mecanismo de decis?o do agente que pode cometer o crime de forma n?o intencional

Submitted by PPG Psicologia (psicologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-02T19:21:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_CAROLINA_VILLANOVA_QUIROGA.pdf: 1974519 bytes, checksum: 6331ed342432c52563d3dfa39511b9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-12T13:33:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_CAROLINA_VILLANOVA_QUIROGA.pdf: 1974519 bytes, checksum: 6331ed342432c52563d3dfa39511b9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-12T13:37:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_CAROLINA_VILLANOVA_QUIROGA.pdf: 1974519 bytes, checksum: 6331ed342432c52563d3dfa39511b9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-10 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Posttraumatic growth (PTG) refers to a positive psychological change which results from challenging and tough situations. Studies show that the development of high levels of PTG after a specific situation is positively related to the use of adaptive coping strategies, rumination, perception of social support and the actual situation being experienced as traumatic, such as breast cancer. From this perspective, a tool that evaluates different emotional and interpersonal aspects of an individual with cancer can be useful when working with prevention and promotion of mental health and quality of life. Knowing predictors of PTG, already described in literature, can be used as a resource to aid the process of elaboration. That would enable thinking about treatments that prioritize possible positive aspects, working in adaptive coping strategies to assist in the situation elaboration. This dissertation had as an initial objective to verify if social support perception, rumination, and use of adaptive coping strategies show a significant correlation with levels of PTG in women with confirmed breast cancer diagnosis. In order to do that, a transversal and exploratory research with two studies was conducted. The first a systematic review that focused on compiling and discussing the results of studies that studied rumination and/or social support as predictors of PTG. The second a empiric study, transversal and exploratory, with the objective of verifying if PTG is a variable present in women with breast cancer in Brazil (n=84) and if rumination, social support and adaptive coping strategies prove to be predictors of it in this population. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Ways of Coping Checklist, Scale of Perceived Social Support (adult version), Rumination and Reflection Questionnaire, Baptista Depression Scale (adult version) were used, and a sociodemographic and health scale was applied.On study 1, there were found 12 articles that corresponded to the including and excluding established criteria. Through quantitative analysis of the methodological and results quality, it was observed that there is almost a consensus of rumination and social support being predictor variables for PTG in different populations. As for study 2, marital social support and adaptive coping strategies were the predictors for PTG in the studied sample. The total score of social support did not appear as a predictor, but presented a significant positive correlation. Moreover, having a religion of identification contributed in regressive models for two different factors that composed the instrument utilized for PTG evaluation. From these studies, it was concluded that the social support, rumination, and adaptive coping strategies variables proved to be predictors of higher scores of PTG. However, it is believed that each one will present different contributions according to the studied populations. The study of predictors is still recent in Brazil regarding PTG. From this research, path is opened to other studies with different populations and methodologies in order to better understand the specificities of this model and its evaluated variables in the Brazilian context. Nonetheless, this dissertation contributes to the foundation of intervention strategies based on these predictors to this specific population. / O crescimento p?s-traum?tico (CPT) trata de uma mudan?a psicol?gica positiva resultante de situa??es vividas em circunst?ncias desafiadoras e dif?ceis. Estudos apontam que o desenvolvimento de altos ?ndices de CPT ap?s uma situa??o espec?fica est? positivamente relacionado ao uso de estrat?gias de coping adaptativas, rumina??o, percep??o de suporte social e da situa??o vivida como traum?tica, como ? o caso do c?ncer de mama. Nesta perspectiva, uma medida que avalie diferentes aspectos emocionais e interpessoais do indiv?duo com c?ncer se mostra ?til no trabalho da preven??o e promo??o de sa?de mental e qualidade de vida. O conhecimento acerca dos preditores de CPT, j? descritos na literatura, pode ser usado como recurso para auxiliar no processo de elabora??o. Pode-se assim pensar em tratamentos que priorizem poss?veis aspectos positivos, trabalhando estrat?gias de enfrentamento adaptativas no que diz respeito ao aux?lio na elabora??o da situa??o. Esta disserta??o teve como objetivo geral verificar se percep??o de suporte social, rumina??o e uso de estrat?gias de coping adaptativas apresentam correla??o com os escores de CPT de mulheres com diagn?stico confirmado de c?ncer de mama. Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal e explorat?ria, dividida em dois estudos. O primeiro uma revis?o sistem?tica que buscou copilar e discutir resultados de estudos que objetivaram estudar a rumina??o e/ou suporte social como preditores de CPT. O segundo um estudo emp?rico, transversal e explorat?rio, com objetivo de verificar se o CPT ? uma vari?vel presente em mulheres com c?ncer de mama no Brasil (n=84) e se rumina??o, suporte social e estrat?gias de coping adaptativas se mostram preditores do mesmo nesta popula??o. Utilizou-se o Invent?rio de Crescimento P?s-Traum?tico, Invent?rio de Estrat?gias de Coping de Folkman e Lazarus, Escala de Percep??o de Suporte Social, Question?rio de Rumina??o e Reflex?o, Escala Baptista de Depress?o ? vers?o adultos, e aplicada ficha de dados 10 sociodemogr?ficos e de sa?de. No estudo 1, encontrou-se 12 artigos que corresponderam aos crit?rios de inclus?o e exclus?o estabelecidos. Atrav?s de an?lise quantitativa da qualidade metodol?gica e qualitativa dos resultados, observou-se que h? quase consenso de que rumina??o e suporte social s?o vari?veis preditoras de CPT em diferentes popula??es. J? no estudo 2, o suporte social marital e estrat?gias de coping adaptativas foram preditoras de CPT na amostra estudada. O escore total de suporte social n?o se mostrou preditor, mas apresentou correla??o positiva significativa. Ademais, possuir religi?o de identifica??o contribuiu em modelos regressivos para dois diferentes fatores que comp?e o instrumento para avalia??o de CPT. A partir dos estudos, concluiu-se que as vari?veis suporte social, rumina??o e estrat?gias de coping adaptativas se mostram preditoras de maiores escores de CPT. Por?m, acredita-se que as mesmas apresentem diferentes contribui??es de acordo com as popula??es estudadas. O estudo de preditores ainda ? recente no Brasil no que diz respeito ao CPT. A partir desta pesquisa, abre-se espa?o para outros estudos, com diferentes popula??es e metodologias, a fim de melhor compreender as especificidades do modelo e das vari?veis avaliadas no contexto brasileiro. Entretanto, esta disserta??o contribui para o embasamento de estrat?gias de interven??o pautadas nestes preditores para esta popula??o espec?fica.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2017-02-21T21:34:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o FINAL com ficha catalogr?fica.pdf: 2423200 bytes, checksum: a285bac8f62ce27de8224377ba93c71e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-21T21:34:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o FINAL com ficha catalogr?fica.pdf: 2423200 bytes, checksum: a285bac8f62ce27de8224377ba93c71e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-21 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / Introduction: Lichen Planus is a chronic inflammatory disease of uncertain etiology that may affect skin or mucosa, especially the oral mucosa. Objective: Evaluate the clinical epidemiological profile, and psychological and salivary factors of patients with oral lichen planus. Materials and Methods: The clinical epidemiological profile was assessed by descriptive analysis of 38 dental records of individuals with clinical/pathological diagnosis of oral lichen planus, treated at an Oral Lesions Reference Center in the period between 2005 and 2015 (Article 1). A case control study was conducted to evaluate the levels of anxiety, depression and stress, and both flow and pattern of secretion of salivary cortisol in 42 adults. The experimental group was composed of 21 individuals with a clinical/histopathological diagnosis of oral lichen planus. The control group originated from the same population of cases, consisted of 21 individuals without the disease, randomly admitted and matched to the cases by sex and age. Both groups underwent clinical examination of the oral cavity, structured interview, psychological tests (Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory and Perceived Stress Scale) and saliva collection at three different times of the day (Article 2). Data was initially analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, by means of absolute and relative frequency and centralization and dispersion steps. Bivariate analysis was performed between the study variables and the presence of oral lichen planus, estimating the odds ratio (OR) as a measure of association, and using confidence intervals at 95%. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the groups with regard to scores of anxiety, depression and stress, and the pattern of salivary cortisol secretion. The Friedman test was used to evaluate the pattern of salivary cortisol secretion throughout the day. We used the t-Student test to compare the mean salivary flow between the groups, as well as the area under the curve of the cortisol response to awakening. The correlation between cortisol concentrations with the scores of depression, anxiety, stress and salivary flow was measured through the Spearman correlation coefficient. The adopted significance level was 5%. Results: In Article 1, we observed that 68.42% of the subjects were aged greater than or equal to 40 years; 65.80% were women and 78.90%, had black or brown skin. Most had no systemic disease (68.42%). As for lifestyle, 42.10% were drinkers and 26.30% were smokers. Reticular lichen planus was the most prevalent clinical form (78.13%), mainly affecting the oral mucosa (68.40%). In Article 2, a significant association was found between anxiety scores (p = 0.001), depression (p = 0.005) and perceived stress (p = 0.026), but not when compared to the salivary flow (p = 0.29) or to the pattern of salivary cortisol secretion when waking up (p = 0.98), 30 minutes after waking up (p = 0.95) and at nighttime (p = 0.97). Conclusion: Most cases of lichen planus of the reticular type, usually located in the oral mucosa, occurred in aged over 40, white women. Through psychological tests, it was observed an association between oral lichen planus and anxiety, depression and stress, but not in relation to the analyzed salivary factors. / Introdu??o: O L?quen Plano ? uma doen?a inflamat?ria cr?nica de etiologia incerta que pode afetar pele e ou mucosas, especialmente a mucosa bucal. Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil cl?nico- epidemi?logico, fatores psicol?gicos e salivares em indiv?duos com l?quen plano bucal. Materiais e M?todos: O perfil cl?nico-epidemiol?gico foi avaliado atrav?s da an?lise descritiva de 38 prontu?rios odontol?gicos de indiv?duos com diagn?stico cl?nico/histopatol?gico de l?quen plano bucal atendidos em um Centro de Refer?ncia de Les?es Bucais, no per?odo de 2005 a 2015 (Artigo 1). Um estudo de caso controle foi realizado para avaliar os n?veis de ansiedade, depress?o e estresse e o fluxo e padr?o de secre??o do cortisol salivar em 42 indiv?duos adultos. O grupo de casos foi composto por 21 indiv?duos com diagn?stico cl?nico/histopatol?gico de l?quen plano bucal. O grupo controle, proveniente da mesma popula??o de origem dos casos, foi constitu?do por 21 indiv?duos sem a doen?a, admitidos de forma aleat?ria e pareados por sexo e idade em rela??o aos casos. Ambos os grupos foram submetidos a exame cl?nico da cavidade bucal, entrevista estruturada, testes psicol?gicos (Invent?rios de Ansiedade e Depress?o de Beck e Escala de Estresse Percebido) e coleta de saliva em tr?s momentos distintos (Artigo 2). Os dados foram analisados, inicialmente, por meio de estat?stica descritiva, por meio de frequ?ncia absoluta e relativa e medidas de centraliza??o e dispers?o. An?lise bivariada foi realizada entre as vari?veis do estudo e o l?quen plano bucal, estimando-se a odds ratio (OR) como medida de associa??o e seus respectivos intervalos de confian?a em 95%. O teste de Mann-Whitney foi aplicado para comparar os grupos com rela??o aos escores de ansiedade, depress?o e estresse e o padr?o de secre??o do cortisol salivar. O teste de Friedman para avaliar o padr?o de secre??o do cortisol salivar ao longo do dia. O teste t de Student para comparar as m?dias do fluxo salivar entre os grupos, bem como a resposta do cortisol ao acordar. A correla??o entre as concentra??es de cortisol com os escores de depress?o, ansiedade, estresse e fluxo salivar foi analisada pelo Coeficiente de Correla??o de Spearman. O n?vel de signific?ncia adotado foi de 5%. Resultados: No artigo 1, foi observado que 47,37% dos indiv?duos tinham idade maior ou igual a 40 anos; 65,80% eram mulheres e 78,90% pardos/pretos. A maioria n?o apresentava doen?a sist?mica (68,42%). Quanto ao estilo de vida, 42,10% faziam consumo de bebidas alco?licas e 26,30% eram fumantes. O l?quen plano reticular foi a forma cl?nica mais prevalente (78,13%) acometendo principalmente a mucosa jugal (68,40%). No artigo 2, foi encontrada uma associa??o significativa entre os escores de ansiedade (p=0,001), depress?o (p=0,005) e estresse percebido (p=0,026), mas n?o em rela??o ao fluxo salivar (p=0,29) e o padr?o de secre??o de cortisol salivar ao acordar (p=0,98), 30 minutos depois de acordar (p=0,95) e noturno (p=0,97). Conclus?o: A maioria dos casos de l?quen plano bucal do tipo reticular, localizados geralmente em mucosa jugal, ocorreu em mulheres, n?o brancas com idade igual ou superior a 40 anos. Foi observada associa??o entre o l?quen plano bucal e ansiedade, depress?o e estresse por meio dos testes psicol?gicos, mas n?o em rela??o aos fatores salivares analisados.

Submitted by Jadson Francisco de Jesus SILVA (jadson@uefs.br) on 2018-08-01T22:17:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 disserta??o de mestrado JULIAN ARAUJO DA SILVA SIMOURA Completa.pdf: 3705558 bytes, checksum: ad4478af61049852fd9522965dab7c65 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T22:17:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 disserta??o de mestrado JULIAN ARAUJO DA SILVA SIMOURA Completa.pdf: 3705558 bytes, checksum: ad4478af61049852fd9522965dab7c65 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-31 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Introduction: Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease of uncertain etiology that can affect the skin and/or mucous membranes, especially the oral mucosa. Objective: To evaluate psychological (anxiety, depression and stress) and salivary (flow and levels of salivary alpha amylase) factors in individuals with oral lichen planus. Materials and Methods: An exploratory control case study was conducted. The case group consisted of 23 individuals with clinical and histopathological diagnosis of oral lichen planus, matched by sex and age to a control group, with an equal number of healthy individuals, from the same population that originated the cases. The population underwent clinical examination of the oral cavity, psychological tests (perceived stress scale and Beck depression and anxiety inventories) and saliva collection to determine the salivary flow and alpha-amylase levels at three moments along the day (on waking, thirty minutes after waking and before bed). The data were analyzed statistically. The Odds Ratio and its 95% confidence interval were computed. The McNemar ?2 test was used, considering a significance level of 5%. For quantitative variables, the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the medians of salivary flow, alpha amylase response on waking, and salivary alpha amylase levels at each of the collection times, between cases and controls. The Friedman test was applied to evaluate the concentration of the alpha amylase from each of the three moments of saliva collection throughout the day. Spearman's correlation coefficient was computed to determine correlation between alpha amylase concentration and the test scores of stress, anxiety, depression, and salivary flow. Results: There was a significant correlation between anxiety, depression, stress and LPB, and between stress and ?-AS decline. Higher levels of salivary alpha amylase were found in the case group in the second collection time when compared to controls. Conclusion: The applied psychological tests indicated that factors such as stress, anxiety and depression were correlated to oral lichen planus. Salivary analyses demonstrated a higher concentration of alpha amylase thirty minutes after waking on individuals with the disease, suggesting the role of alpha amylase as a promising biomarker for further longitudinal studies on the subject. / Introdu??o: O L?quen Plano ? uma doen?a inflamat?ria cr?nica de etiologia incerta que pode afetar pele e ou mucosas, especialmente a mucosa bucal. Objetivo: Avaliar fatores psicol?gicos (estresse, ansiedade e depress?o) e salivares (fluxo e padr?o de secre??o da alfa amilase) em indiv?duos com l?quen plano bucal. Materiais e M?todos: Um estudo de caso controle do tipo explorat?rio foi realizado em 46 indiv?duos adultos. O grupo de casos foi composto por 23 indiv?duos com diagn?stico cl?nico/histopatol?gico de l?quen plano bucal. O grupo controle, proveniente da mesma popula??o de origem dos casos, foi constitu?do por 23 indiv?duos sem a doen?a, admitidos de forma aleat?ria e pareados por sexo e idade em rela??o aos casos. A popula??o foi submetida a testes psicol?gicos (Invent?rio de ansiedade e de depress?o de Beck e a escala de estresse percebido) e a coleta de saliva para determina??o do fluxo salivar e dos n?veis de alfa-amilase em tr?s momentos ao longo do dia (ao acordar, trinta minutos ap?s acordar e antes de dormir). Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente, calculou-se a Odds Ratio e o seu intervalo de confian?a a 95%. Foi utilizado o teste ?2 de McNemar, considerando-se o n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. Para vari?veis quantitativas, aplicou-se o teste de Mann-Whitney para comparar as medianas do fluxo salivar, da resposta da alfa amilase ao acordar, e dos n?veis de alfa amilase salivar em cada um dos tempos de coleta entre casos e controles. Para avaliar a concentra??o da alfa amilase de cada um dos tr?s momentos de coleta da saliva ao longo do dia, foi aplicado o teste Friedman. No que diz respeito ? correla??o entre concentra??o de alfa amilase e scores dos testes de estresse, ansiedade, depress?o e o fluxo salivar, calculou-se o coeficiente de correla??o de Spearman para determinar. Resultados: Encontrou-se associa??o/correla??o significativa entre ansiedade, depress?o, estresse e LPB. N?veis mais elevados de alfa amilase salivar foram encontrados no grupo caso no segundo tempo de coleta quando comparados aos controles. Conclus?o: Fatores psicol?gicos como estresse, ansiedade e depress?o foram associados a ocorr?ncia do liquen plano bucal. A alfa amilase salivar pode ser uma promissora candidata para detectar fatores psicol?gicos em popula??es com l?quen plano bucal, mais estudos precisam ser realizados a fim de esclarecer os fatores fisiol?gicos relacionados ao aumento da alfa amilase salivar em portadores da doen?a.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TATIANA DE CASSIA NAKANO.pdf: 2875398 bytes, checksum: b7301b8c3616a06e7f110522f41f442c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-06-27 / Creativity is a multidimensional phenomenon, being an importance aspect to promote the development complete of the person. Considering the drawing as one of the forms of expression of the creativity, the purpose of this study was to create an instrument for evaluate figural creativity among Brazilian children and to investigate the validity and reliability of this instruments. The sample was composed by 120 children, 60 male, 60 female, who were estuding at public Brazilian middle school located in Sao Paulo state. The instruments used were Thinking Creatively with Pictures of Torrance (1990) which had been valited by Wechsler (2002) to the Brazilian culture and another test, Brazilian Test of Figural Creativity, as resulted of this study. Both are tests are comprised of three activities that have to be answered under the form of drawings allowing to evaluate following creative characteristcs: fluency, flexibility, elaboration, originality, emotional expression, movement, fantasy, uncommon perspective, internal perspective, expressiveness of titles, extension of boundaries and synthesis of ideas. Both tests were administred in group situations and scored by trained psychology students and professionals in accordance with the scoring by Wechsler (2002), with exception of the Originality category, due to the need categorizing this dimension within the sample. Concurrent validity for the Brazilian instrument was verified through Pearson Correlation (r=0,81-0,94; p<=0,000). Reliability coefficient for the Brazilian test of figural ranged from r=0,84-0,99 (p<=0,000). Concluding, the Brazilian test of figural creativity had validity and reliability, and need to be normed in order to be used for psychologist to assess Brazilian children?s creativity. / A criatividade ? um fen?meno multidimensional, cada vez mais valorizado como forma de promover o desenvolvimento completo do indiv?duo. Considerando o desenho como uma das formas de express?o da criatividade, o objetivo deste estudo foi a cria??o de um instrumento de avalia??o da criatividade figural e a determina??o da sua validade e precis?o. A amostra foi composta por 120 crian?as, 60M e 60F, de 1? a 4? s?rie do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola p?blica do interior de S?o Paulo. Os instrumentos foram dois testes de criatividade figural: Pensando Criativamente com Figuras de Torrance, validado e padronizado para a popula??o brasileira por Wechsler (2002) e Teste Brasileiro de Criatividade Figural, criado como resultado deste estudo, compostos por tr?s atividades que devem ser respondidas sob a forma de desenhos a partir de est?mulos propostos, permitindo avaliar os indicadores da criatividade (Flu?ncia, Flexibilidade, Elabora??o, Originalidade, Express?o de Emo??o, Movimento, Fantasia, Perspectiva Incomum, Perspectiva Interna, Uso de Contexto, Extens?o de Limites, T?tulos Expressivos, ?ndice Criativo Figural I (soma das quatro primeiras caracter?sticas, consideradas cognitivas) e ?ndice Criativo Figural II (soma de todas as caracter?sticas, englobando cognitivas e afetivas), corrigidas de acordo com o manual de Wechsler (2002), com exce??o da categoria Originalidade, pela necessidade de quantifica??o baseada na amostra estudada. Ao se comparar os resultados por meio da validade simult?nea, pela Correla??o de Pearson, encontrou-se rela??es variando de 0,81 a 0,94 para todas as caracter?sticas criativas avaliadas, e entre 0,84 e 0,99 de precis?o, por meio do teste e reteste. A An?lise Univariada da Vari?ncia demonstrou que existem efeitos de sexo (F=10,02; p<=0,00), s?rie (F=7,07; p<=0,00) e da intera??o destas duas vari?veis (F=5,55; p<=0,00) no desempenho dos participantes, demonstrando a necessidade de se apresentar, em estudos futuros, normas de interpreta??o espec?ficas por sexo e n?vel de escolaridade.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ariane Cristina Massei.pdf: 933389 bytes, checksum: 68f9a72c9d5ac61312c69226ada81e11 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-27 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / The interpersonal relationships are important facets of individuals lives, and for those who suffer from chronic diseases, the presence of relationships helps on facing the illness and acceptation of the treatment. The AIDS is an infectious disease, chronic and transmittable, caused by the HIV virus contamination. This contamination caused by AIDS brings physical consequences (lipodystrophy and metabolically disturbs, for example) and psychological ones too, such as anxiety, depression, impotence feelings and apathy, affecting specifically the relation-affective field (prejudice, rejection). The aim of study was to evaluate the psychometrical properties of the Portuguese version of the Central Relationship Questionnaire (CRQ 6.0) of HIV positive outpatients. The CRQ 6.0 is a self-report instrument, based on the Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRT) whose as goal is to assess the central relationship pattern of romantic partners, according to three components: Wish (W), Responses from de Other (RO) and Responses of Self (RS). To the Valid Convergent of CRQ 6.0 study, it was used as external criteria the Symptoms Evaluation Scale (EAS-40), which evaluates psychopathological symptoms. The sample was composed of 50 individuals diagnosed with HIV(G1; 60% male; average age:41,84 years old) and 40 people accompanying other patients to the hospital (G2; 62,5% female; average age: 34 years old). As about the results, the CRQ 6.0 has presented good internal consistence, with Cronbach Alpha coefficients ranging from 0.80 to 0.87 similarly to other international researches. The CRQ 6.0 has presented as well, evidences of convergent validity, with positive and significant association between each one of the CRQ 6.0 components and factors from EAS-40 (from 0.23 to 0.57). Results pointed yet to evidences of discriminant validity of the CRQ 6.0 and EAS-40, with significant differences between G1 and G2 (Mdn from G1= 3,09; Mdn from G2= 2,78; p= 0,032) and between female and male to D from G1 (Mdn fem. = 2,43; Mdn male= 2,03; p= 0,014). Researches with large samples should be conducted . / Os relacionamentos interpessoais s?o parte importante da vida dos indiv?duos, e, para pessoas que sofrem de doen?as cr?nicas, a presen?a dos relacionamentos auxilia no enfrentamento da doen?a e ades?o ao tratamento. A S?ndrome da Imunodefici?ncia Adquirida (SIDA/AIDS) ? uma doen?a infecciosa, cr?nica e transmiss?vel, causada pela contamina??o pelo V?rus da Imunodefici?ncia Humana (HIV). A contamina??o pela AIDS traz conseq??ncias f?sicas (lipodistrofia e disturbios metab?licos, por exemplo) e psicol?gicas, como ansiedade, depress?o, sentimentos de impot?ncia e apatia, afetando especificamente no campo afetivo-relacional (preconceito, rejei??o).O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as qualidades psicom?tricas da vers?o em portugu?s do Question?rio de Relacionamento Central (CRQ 6.0) junto a pacientes HIV positivos, em tratamento ambulatorial. O CRQ 6.0 ? um instrumento de auto-relato, baseado no m?todo Tema Central de Relacionamento Conflituoso (CCRT) que tem como objetivo identificar o padr?o de relacionamento central de parceiros amorosos, de acordo tr?s componentes: Desejo (D), Respostas do Outro (RO) e Respostas do Eu (RE). Para o estudo de validade convergente do CRQ 6.0, foi utilizado como crit?rio externo a Escala de Avalia??o de Sintomas (EAS-40), que avalia sintomas psicopatol?gicos. A amostra foi composta por 50 indiv?duos com diagn?stico de HIV (G1; 60 % do g?nero masculino; idade m?dia de 41,84 anos) e 40 acompanhantes de pacientes de outras enfermarias (G2; 62,5% do g?nero feminino; idade m?dia de 34 anos). Quanto aos resultados, o CRQ 6.0 apresentou boa consist?ncia interna, com coeficientes de alfas de Cronbach variando de 0,80 a 0,87 semelhantes aos dados encontrados em outras pesquisas internacionais. Apresentou tamb?m evid?ncias de validade convergente, com associa??es positivas e significantes entre alguns componentes do CRQ 6.0 e fatores da EAS-40 (de 0,23 a 0,57). Os resultados apontam ainda para evid?ncias de validade discriminante do CRQ 6.0 e EAS-40, com diferen?as significantes nos escores entre G1 e G2 para o componente RE (Mdn do G1= 3,09; Mdn do G2= 2,78; p= 0,032) e entre sexo feminino e masculino para D do G1 (Mdn do sexo fem. = 2,43; Mdn do sexo masc.= 2,03; p= 0,014). Pesquisas com amostras maiores devem ser realizadas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Geraldo Luiz de Oliveira de Resende.pdf: 328555 bytes, checksum: d8f400ef60541e88e6c9278d439e55fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-02-21 / This study aims to verify the readiness to begin a treatment and the effect of a treatment (Minnesota Style) done to alcoholics in a center for treatment in Brazil for those who are drug dependents. In this survey, 25 alcoholic patients were treated. The patients ranged from severe to moderate level of addiction, aged from 23 to 60 years old, male and female who came to be treated at the center for treatment of alcohol dependents. The procedure consisted of first contact with the subjects for an explanation of the aims of the research and the filling in of their informed consent to it. With the aim of identifying the level of readiness to change / motivation of the subjects in the begining, middle, at the end and after the treatment and to evaluate the rate of recovering, the interviews were done in stages. The first one was performed on the very first day of the treatment and consisted of demographic data and the application of the instruments Alcohol Dependence Data Questionaire (SADD) and The Stages Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES). The second interview was done 23 days after the begining of the treatment and the third one at the end. The fourth interview was done a month after the end of the treatment, which was considered the follow-up. Those interviews consisted of the SOCRATES scale. The main results of this study showed that the majority of the participants were predominantly men (80%), white men (60%), married or living in concubinage (60%), having studied only up to the first 4 years of elementary school (60%), without an occupation (60%), with a family income from 2 to 5 minimum wages (40%) and having a serious exposure to the disease (76%). There has been a correlation among the SOCRATES scale factors of ambivalence and acknowledgement, acknowledgement and ambivalence, action and acknowledgement and acknowledgement and action in the entrance to the treatment. Comparing the factors of the scale in the different stages of the treatment, there has been no significant difference, thus having no reduction of the ambivalence. The results made it possible to conclude that there must be a valuation of the patients in a long term basis after the end of the programme so as to have a better notion of their gradual development on the stages, and researches which aim to verify the specific efficacy of the patterns of treatment so as to encourage the motivation for a change and to lower the ambivalence of the patients. / O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar a prontid?o para iniciar o tratamento e o efeito de um tratamento (Modelo Minnesota) em alcoolistas em um centro de tratamento para depend?ncia qu?mica, no Brasil. Participaram dessa pesquisa, 25 pacientes alcoolistas, de grau moderado e severo, com idade entre 23 a 60 anos, de ambos os sexos que deram entrada no centro de tratamento de depend?ncia qu?mica. O procedimento realizado constou de contato inicial com os sujeitos para a explana??o dos objetivos da pesquisa e preenchimento do consentimento informado. Com o objetivo de identificar o grau de prontid?o para mudan?a / motiva??o dos sujeitos no in?cio, meio, t?rmino e ap?s o tratamento e avaliar os ?ndices de recupera??o, as entrevistas foram feitas em etapas. A primeira entrevista foi realizada no primeiro dia do tratamento dos sujeitos e constou de dados demogr?ficos, e aplica??o dos Instrumentos Alcohol Dependence Data Questionaire (SADD) e The Stages Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES). A segunda entrevista foi realizada vinte e tr?s dias ap?s o in?cio do tratamento, a terceira no t?rmino do tratamento e a quarta um m?s ap?s o t?rmino do tratamento, que foi considerado o seguimento. Essas entrevistas constaram da Escala SOCRATES. Os principais resultados deste estudo mostraram que os participantes eram predominantemente homens (80%), brancos (60%), casados ou amasiados (60%), do 1? grau (60%), sem ocupa??o (60%), com renda familiar entre 2 a 5 sal?rios m?nimos (40%) e com comprometimento grave da doen?a (76%). Houve correla??o significante entre os fatores da escala SOCRATES de ambival?ncia e reconhecimento, reconhecimento e ambival?ncia, a??o e reconhecimento e reconhecimento e a??o na entrada do tratamento. Na compara??o entre os fatores da escala nas diferentes fases do tratamento n?o houve diferen?a significante, n?o havendo diminui??o da ambival?ncia. Os resultados possibilitaram concluir que se faz necess?rio seguimento dos pacientes em longo prazo ap?s o t?rmino do programa para se ter uma maior no??o de sua evolu??o, e pesquisas que visem verificar a efic?cia particular dos modelos de tratamento a fim de fortalecer a motiva??o para a mudan?a e diminuir a ambival?ncia dos pacientes.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:28:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Helena de Lemos Sampaio.pdf: 823056 bytes, checksum: a9b7babc1a457c99a35f2f9453898fff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-16 / Considering the importance of research aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the instruments that have been used for psychological assessment in the context of traffic, this study aimed to identify the validity of the measures that have been used for analyzing the performance of different groups of drivers (drivers offenders, non offenders and involved in accidents) and your performance in relation in intelligence, personality and attention. We sought to further identify the influence of the variables gender, age and schooling. 319 participants (117 from the group of non-offenders, 135 from the group of non offenders and 109 involved in accidents), with ages ranging from 17 to 77 years (M=40.62, SD=10.8) with varied educational (Elementary Education, Secondary Education and Higher Education) of both sexes (314 men and 47 women) responded to the tests R1, Aten??o Concentrada and Palogr?fico, during the evaluation process for transit. The means and standard deviations for each subgroup were calculated and compared by analysis of variance. The results showed that the variable group did not affect any of the measures, only your interaction with sex in the measure of productivity in Palogr?fico (F = 4.18, p ? 0.001). There was also the influence of age on performance on the test R1 (F = 6.55, p ? 0.001), as well as its interaction with the group in the number of hits in the test AC (F = 1.85, p ? 0.001). Given some limitations of the study, such as uneven number of participants by sex and the use of a questionable criterion for separation of groups (self-report in relation to accidents and transit s fine), further studies are recommended to ensure that confirm or not the results. / Considerando a import?ncia de pesquisas que visam avaliar a efic?cia dos instrumentos que v?m sendo utilizados para avalia??o psicol?gica no contexto do tr?nsito, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo identificar a validade das medidas que vem sendo utilizadas, por meio da an?lise do desempenho de diferentes grupos de motoristas (motoristas infratores, n?o infratores e envolvidos em acidentes) quanto aos construtos de intelig?ncia, aten??o concentrada e personalidade. Buscou-se ainda identificar a influ?ncia das vari?veis g?nero, escolaridade e faixa et?ria no desempenho dos participantes. Nesse sentido, 319 participantes (117 do grupo dos n?o infratores, 135 do grupo dos infratores e 109 dos envolvidos em acidentes), com idades variando entre 17 a 77 anos (M=40,62, DP= 10,8) com escolaridade variada (Ensino Fundamental, Ensino M?dio e Ensino Superior) de ambos os sexos (314 homens e 47 mulheres), responderam aos testes R1, Aten??o Concentrada e Palogr?fico durante processo de avalia??o pericial para o tr?nsito. As m?dias e desvios padr?o para cada subgrupo foram calculadas e comparadas por meio da An?lise de Vari?ncia. Os resultados demonstraram que a vari?vel grupo n?o exerceu influ?ncia significativa em nenhuma das medidas, somente sua intera??o com sexo na medida de produtividade do teste Palogr?fico (F=4,18, p? 0,001). Tamb?m foi encontrada influ?ncia da faixa et?ria no desempenho no teste R1 (F=6,55, p? 0,001), assim como sua intera??o com a vari?vel grupo no n?mero de acertos no teste AC (F=1,85, p? 0,001). Dadas algumas limita??es do estudo, tais como desigual n?mero de participantes por sexo e o emprego de um crit?rio question?vel para separa??o dos grupos (auto-relato em rela??o ? multas e acidentes), novos estudos s?o recomendados a fim de que os mesmos confirmem ou n?o os resultados encontrados.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:28:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCIA CALIXTO DOS SANTOS.pdf: 1003356 bytes, checksum: c4b5e00e909e2559f64ab1568facdc7b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-11 / Chronic renal failure (CRF) is the gradual and progressive loss of kidney functions, which can promote severe restrictions and psychosocial impact into the individual?s life, even risking to lead her or him to death. Its high prevalence in the current context defines it as a worldwide public health problem. The present study aimed to evaluate the degree of association between adaptive efficacy, psychopathological symptoms and stress levels in chronic renal failure patients and verify whether these variables could predict their adaptive efficacy. We adopted the concept of adaptive efficacy, by Ryad Simon, a measure of the quality of the individual's responses to situations of their day-by-day. The sample was composed of 50 patients with chronic renal failure, of both sexes, attended hemodialysis unit of a general hospital inland city of S?o Paulo. The assessment instruments used were: EDAO-AR - Self-Report Scale of Adaptation, designed to evaluate the quality of the adaptation of the sector Affective-Relational (AR) and Productivity (Pr); EAS- 40 - Assessment Symptoms Scale-40, which assesses the severity of psychopathological symptoms according to four dimensions: psychoticism, obsessiveness-compulsiveness, somatization and anxiety; ISSL Lipp Stress Symptoms Inventory, which assesses the symptoms of stress in the psychological and physical, besides the person?s stress phase. The results suggested that the participants were divided into effectively adapted (76%) and poorly ineffectively adapted (24%). Regarding psychopathological symptoms, the average score was 0,41 (? 0,33) (cutoff 1[E1]); 56% showed no stress and 44 % had stress, in the Resistance Phase (34%) with predominant psychological symptoms of stress (73%). The values of the Spearman Rank Correlation (?) confirmed the initial hypotheses as they pointed to significant and negative associations between psychopathological symptoms and adaptive efficacy and between stress and adaptive efficacy; significant positive association between psychopathological symptoms and stress. The structural equations modeling (SEM) suggested that psychopathological symptoms predict psychological stress and adaptive efficacy, however physical stress and phases of stress are not depicted as predictors of adaptive efficacy. / A insufici?ncia renal cr?nica (IRC) consiste na perda gradativa e progressiva das fun??es dos rins, o que pode causar restri??es severas e impacto psicossocial ao indiv?duo, ou at? mesmo lev?-lo ? morte. Sua alta preval?ncia no contexto atual a define como um problema de sa?de p?blica em n?vel mundial. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o grau de associa??o entre a efic?cia adaptativa, os sintomas psicopatol?gicos e os n?veis de stress de pacientes renais cr?nicos e verificar se estas vari?veis poderiam predizer a sua efic?cia adaptativa. Adotou-se o conceito de efic?cia adaptativa, de Ryad Simon, uma medida da qualidade das respostas do indiv?duo ?s situa??es de seu dia-a-dia. A amostra ficou constitu?da por 50 pacientes com insufici?ncia renal cr?nica, de ambos os sexos, atendidos na unidade de hemodi?lise de um hospital geral do interior de S?o Paulo. Os instrumentos de avalia??o utilizados foram: EDAO-AR - Escala Diagn?stica Adaptativa Operacionalizada de Autorrelato, que permite avaliar a qualidade da efic?cia adaptativa do setor Afetivo-Relacional (A-R) e Produtividade (Pr); EAS-40 - Escala de Avalia??o de Sintomas 40, que avalia a severidade de sintomas psicopatol?gicos segundo quatro dimens?es: psicoticismo, obsessividade-compulsividade, somatiza??o e ansiedade; ISSL Invent?rio de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp, que avalia a presen?a de sintomas de stress nos ?mbitos psicol?gico e f?sico, al?m da fase do stress em que a pessoa se encontra. Os resultados apontaram que os participantes ficaram distribu?dos em adapta??o eficaz (76%) e adapta??o ineficaz leve (24%). Quanto aos sintomas psicopatol?gicos, o escore m?dio foi de 0,41 (? 0,33) (ponto de corte 1[E1]); 56% n?o apresentaram stress e 44% apresentaram stress, dos quais 34% na Fase de Resist?ncia e com predom?nio de sintomas psicol?gicos do stress (73%). As correla??es por postos de Spearman (?) confirmaram as hip?teses iniciais, indicando associa??es significantes e negativas entre sintomas psicopatol?gicos e efic?cia adaptativa e entre stress e efic?cia adaptativa; associa??o significante positiva entre sintomas psicopatol?gicos e stress. A modelagem de equa??es estruturais (MEE) indicou que sintomas psicopatol?gicos predizem o stress psicol?gico e a efic?cia adaptativa, entretanto o stress f?sico e as fases do stress n?o se configuram como preditores da efic?cia adaptativa.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:28:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Micheli Aparecida Gomes dos Santos.pdf: 4751573 bytes, checksum: 7ca8f16261c512805eef4512cc814ae4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-18 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the level of stress and anxiety in a sample of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) before and after a month of medical or surgical treatment. To collect the data were used the ISSL - Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults Lipp, the Beck Anxiety Scale (BAI), answered twice, once before the start of treatment and another, one month after the start of the treatment, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The sample consisted of 18 patients, 13 men and 5 women, aged between 26 and 74 years (Mean=51,83, SD=13,46). The assessment showed that 77,8% (n=14) of patients had stress on the first evaluation, and such amount was reduced to 16,7% (n=3) in the second evaluation after treatment. Thus, patients showed a significant decrease in mean stress symptoms after treatment (z=-3,53, p<0,000). In relation to anxiety , 44,4% of participants had a minimum degree of anxiety symptoms at the first assessment, although were present mild, moderate and severe degrees. In the second assessment serious cases disappear and there was a significant decrease in moderate cases. Patients showed a significant decrease in mean anxiety symptoms of post-treatment (z=-3,51, p<0,000). Patients with moderate apnea showed a significant decrease in mean stress (z=-2,971, p<0,003) and anxiety symptoms (z=-2,032, p<0,042) of post-treatment. The same occurred in relation to stress (z=-2,023, p<0,043) and anxiety (z=-2,944, p<0,003) in patients with severe apnea. Furthermore, women showed no significant improvement in the symptoms of post-treatment in stress (z=-1,633; p=0,102) and anxiety (z=-1,625; p=0,104) symptoms, while men had reduced the symptoms of stress (z=-3,184; p=0,001) and anxiety (z=-3,062; p=0,001). The research of the type of treatment showed significant improvement in stress (z=- 3,21, p=0,001) and anxiety symptoms (z= -3,17, p=0,001) in patients who were treated with CPAP . Already in the surgical group, no significant differences in any of the constructs assessed were noted. Thus it was possible to see that the patients showed significant improvement in symptoms of stress and anxiety in the second evaluation, in order to be able to say to this group of individuals, that treatment had the desired effect, being effective in improving symptoms of stress and anxiety for the general sample for the two levels (moderate and severe) illness, for males and for patients who were treated with CPAP. / O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar o n?vel de stress e de ansiedade em uma amostra de portadores da S?ndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS), antes e ap?s um m?s de tratamento cl?nico ou cir?rgico. Para a coleta dos dados foram utilizados o ISSL -Invent?rio de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp, a Escala de Ansiedade de Beck (BAI), respondidos duas vezes, uma antes do in?cio do tratamento e outra, um m?s ap?s o in?cio do mesmo, al?m de um question?rio sociodemogr?fico. A amostra foi composta por 18 pacientes, sendo 13 homens e 5 mulheres, com idade entre 26 e 74 anos (M?dia=51,83; DP=13,46). A avalia??o demonstrou que 77,8% (n=14) dos pacientes apresentavam stress na primeira avalia??o, sendo que tal valor foi reduzido para 16,7% (n=3) na segunda avalia??o, ap?s tratamento. Assim, pacientes apresentaram uma diminui??o significativa na m?dia de sintomas de stress p?s-tratamento (z=-3,53, p<0,000). Em rela??o ? ansiedade, 44,4% dos participantes apresentavam grau m?nimo de sintomas de ansiedade na primeira avalia??o, embora se fizessem presentes graus leve, moderado e grave. Na segunda avalia??o os casos graves desaparecem e houve uma importante diminui??o nos casos moderados. Os pacientes apresentaram uma diminui??o significativa na m?dia de sintomas de ansiedade p?s-tratamento (z=-3,51, p<0,000). Pacientes com SAOS moderada apresentaram uma diminui??o significativa na m?dia de sintomas de stress (z=-2,971, p<0,003) e sintomas de ansiedade (z=-2,032, p<0,042) p?s-tratamento. O mesmo ocorreu em rela??o em rela??o ao stress (z=-2,023, p<0,043) e ansiedade (z=-2,944, p<0,003) dos pacientes com SAOS grave. Por outro lado, mulheres n?o apresentaram melhora significativa nos sintomas de stress p?s-tratamento (z=-1,633; p=0,102) e nem na ansiedade (z=-1,625; p=0,104), ao passo que os homens obtiveram diminui??o dos sintomas de stress (z=-3,184; p=0,001) e ansiedade (z=-3,062; p=0,001). A investiga??o do tipo de tratamento indicou melhora significativa nos sintomas de stress (z=-3,21, p=0,001) e ansiedade (z= -3,17, p=0,001) nos pacientes que fizeram tratamento com CPAP. J? no grupo cir?rgico n?o foram notadas diferen?as significativas em nenhum dos construtos avaliados. Desse modo foi poss?vel visualizar que os pacientes demonstraram melhora significativa nos sintomas de stress e ansiedade na segunda avalia??o, de modo a se poder afirmar, para esse grupo de indiv?duos, que o tratamento teve o efeito desejado, sendo eficaz na melhora dos sintomas de stress e ansiedade para a amostra geral, para os dois n?veis da doen?a (moderada e grave), para o sexo masculino e para os pacientes que fizeram tratamento com CPAP.