The schoolyard, an area that is used continuously during the day by teachers and students, becomes a natural area for students to form social relationships and activate themselves outside the classroom. The schoolyard's possibilities to create these relationships and activities is directly connected to how it is designed. This study deals with these possibilities and after-school educare teachers' perception of the schoolyard as a play area and the students' tendencies regarding the use of its various spaces. Previous research shows that varied spaces with directly intended purposes have an inspiring effect on students' play. The philosopher Henri Lefebvre writes about three dimensions of space, the materially perceived, the imagined, and the lived. The study uses these to form an idea of after-school teachers' and students' opportunities in the schoolyard. Semi-structured interviews with after-school educare teachers were carried out to find out their view of the schoolyard, taking into account the students' social relations, motor development and educational purpose. Also observations of the students' stay in the schoolyard were made to answer the study's research questions. The results show that after-school educare teachers want greater opportunities to use the schoolyard as a space for didactic work, with varying play spaces. It also shows that after-school educare teachers' approach has an important role in the students' social relations and motor development in the schoolyard. The discussion includes the spatial dimensions in relation to the students' social relationships and motor development in the schoolyard. In addition, it is discussed in relation to the schoolyard for educational purposes.

Studiens syfte var att undersöka om och i så fall hur, socialsekreterarnas handlingsutrymme i familjehemsprocessen påverkar inkluderingen av de biologiska barnen i familjehemmen. Barns bästa är ett centralt begrepp i familjehemsvården, men det inkluderar inte de biologiska barnens bästa utan fokuserar på de placerade barnens bästa.  Genom en kvalitativ metod som metodval har vi med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfört nio intervjuer med barn-och familjehemssekreterare. Urvalsgruppen arbetar inom och på uppdrag av tre olika kommuner inom familjehemsvården. Tidigare forskning om de biologiska barnen i familjehem är ytterst begränsad. Forskning om familjehemsvården som utgår från ett barnperspektiv har fokuserat på de placerade barnen, inte de biologiska barnen i familjehemmen. Forskning om familjehem har främst haft ett vuxenperspektiv och utgått i från föräldrarnas upplevelser av uppdraget. De biologiska barnen i familjehem ses som en helhet med familjen och inte som subjektiva aktörer.  Socialsekreterarnas handlingsutrymme inom familjehemsprocessen bidrar till skillnader för de biologiska barnen i hur mycket och under vilka delar av familjehemprocessen de inkluderas.  Studiens resultat visar på att det finns behov av att göra de biologiska barnen mer inkluderade i familjehemsprocessen och lyssna på deras upplevelser av familjehemsvården. Det finns behov av mer forskning om och med de biologiska barnen i familjehem som utgår i från deras perspektiv. / This essay focuses on the lack of inclusion of biological children in the foster care process, based on the discretion of social workers. The study aims to investigate whether and how the discretion of social workers in the foster care process affects the inclusion of biological children. While the best interest of the child is a central concept in foster care, it does not encompass the best interest of biological children but rather focuses on the best interest of the placed children.  Title: "Part of a Whole". A qualitative study on how social workers include the biological children in various stage of the foster care process.  Using a qualitative approach, nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with child and family welfare social workers. The sample group works within and on behalf of three different municipalities involved in foster care. Previous research on biological children in foster care is extremely limited. Research on foster care from a child's perspective has focused on placed children rather than biological children in foster care. Research on foster care has primarily taken an adult perspective and relied on parents' experiences of the assignment. Biological children in foster care are seen as part of the family as a whole and not as subjective actors.  The discretion of social workers in the foster care process contributes to differences for biological children in how much and during which parts of the foster care process they are included.  The results of the study indicate the need to include biological children more in the foster care process and to listen to their experiences of foster care. There is a need for more research about and involving biological children in foster care that is based on their perspective as children.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka vad elever i årskurs 9 har för syn på deltagande och ombyte i samband med lektioner i idrott och hälsa. Metoden som användes i studien var av kvalitativ ansats i form av fokusgruppsintervjuer. Elever i årskurs 9 intervjuades i grupper om tre-fem personer.  I resultatet framkom att eleverna anser att ämnet idrott och hälsa är roligt och att de oftast deltar. Vidare var det en stor variation vad gäller ombyte till lektionerna. Deltog några elever i föreningsidrott var det större sannolikhet att de valde att byta om till lektioner i idrott och hälsa. De elever som inte byter om till lektionerna anser att det beror på orken, lektionsinnehållet och hur omklädningsrummen är uppbyggda. Det kan dras likheter mellan tidigare forskning och teoretisk bakgrund. Om det finns en inre motivation till deltagande byter eleven oftare om. Anledningar till att eleverna inte byter om beskrivs liknande i den tidigare forskningen som visar att omklädningsrummen kan vara en orsak då det är en otrygg plats.  Studien kan bidra till en ökad förståelse för lärare i idrott och hälsa, för hur elever känner i samband med deltagande och ombyte till lektioner i idrott och hälsa. / The purpose of this study is to examine what pupils in Grade 9 think of participation and changing clothes in physical education lessons. The method used in this study was of a qualitative approach in the form of focus group interviews. Pupils in Grade 9 were interviewed in groups of three to five people. The result showed that the pupils think that the subject of physical education is fun, and they usually participate. Furthermore, there were varying conditions for pupils to change clothes before the lessons. If some pupils participated in club sports, they were more likely to choose to switch clothes to lessons in physical education. The pupils who do not change before lessons believe that it depends on the energy, the lesson content, and how the dressing rooms are structured. Similarities between previous research and the theoretical background can be drawn. If you are motivated to participate, you are more likely to change clothes because you feel an inner motivation. The reasons why pupils do not change are described similarly in previous research, which shows that the changing rooms can be a reason for this, with it being an unsafe place. The study can contribute to an increased understanding of how pupils feel concerning their participation and changing habits before the physical education and health lessons for physical education and health teachers.

Introduction: Around 140 million children are born every year and post-natal transition is uncomplicated in the vast majority. However, around 5%–15% of neonates receive supportive interventions during transition. Recent data on the interventions used is scarce. More data on the frequencies with which these interventions are used is needed to evaluate neonatal resuscitation, guide recommendations and to generate hypotheses for further research. The following protocol describes an international, multicentre survey on the interventions currently applied during neonatal resuscitation. Objectives: To determine the frequencies at which different supportive interventions recommended by European Resuscitation Council (ERC) guidelines for neonatal resuscitation are used. To compare the frequencies between hospitals and patient groups and to investigate possible factors influencing any differences found. Methods: Participating hospitals will collect data on all interventions performed during neonatal resuscitation over a period of 6 months. All hospitals providing perinatal care are eligible regardless of size and designated level of neonatal care. Every neonate requiring more interventions than basic drying and tactile stimulation during the first 30 min of life will be included. The targeted sample size is at least 4,000 neonates who receive interventions. After anonymization, the data is pooled in a common database and descriptive and statistical analysis is performed globally and in subgroups. Possible correlations will be investigated with phi coefficient and chi square testing. Ethics and dissemination: Consent of the institutional review board of the Technical University Dresden was obtained for the local data collection under the number BO-EK-198042022. Additionally, approval of local ethical or institutional review boards will be obtained by the participating hospitals if required. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at suitable scientific conferences.

A quantitative, descriptive and contextual research study was conducted to establish the impact of the South African Nursing Council regulation number 212 on the training of theatre nurses in the Northern are of the Eastern Cape Province. A survey was conducted, using a questionnaire as research instrument. Convenience sampling was used to select the required sample of registered theatre nurses employed in the area. The data analysis revealed that the way theatre nurses are utilized in the area does not yet show an impact in terms of the aim of this course namely to develop their knowledge, skills and attitudes in order to be effective practitioners. However, the respondents felt positive about the curriculum. / Health Studies / MA (Health Studies)

Room models, currently used for controller tests, assume the room air to be perfectly mixed. A new room model is developed, assuming non-homogeneous room conditions and distinguishing between different sensor positions. From measurement in real test rooms and detailed CFD simulations, a list of convective phenomena is obtained that has to be considered in the development of a model for a room equipped with different HVAC systems. The zonal modelling approach that divides the room air into several sub-volumes is chosen, since it is able to represent the important convective phenomena imposed on the HVAC system. The convective room model is divided into two parts: a zonal model, representing the air at the occupant zone and a second model, providing the conditions at typical sensor positions. Using this approach, the comfort conditions at the occupant zone can be evaluated as well as the impact of different sensor positions. The model is validated for a test room equipped with different HVAC systems. Sensitivity analysis is carried out on the main parameters of the model. Performance assessment and energy consumption are then compared for different sensor positions in a room equipped with different HVAC systems. The results are also compared with those obtained when a well-mixed model is used. A main conclusion of these tests is, that the differences obtained, when changing the position of the controller's sensor, is a function of the HVAC system and controller type. The differences are generally small in terms of thermal comfort but significant in terms of overall energy consumption. For different HVAC systems the cases are listed, in which the use of a simplified model is not recommended. This PhD has been submitted in accordance to the conditions for attaining both the French and the German degree of a PhD, on a co-national basis, in the frame of a statement of the French government from January 18th, 1994. The research has been carried out in the Automation and Energy Management Group (AGE), Department of Sustainable Development (DDD), at the "Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment" (CSTB) in Marne la Vallée, France, in collaboration with the "Centre Energétique" (CENERG) at the "Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris" (ENSMP), Paris, France and the Technical University of Dresden (TUD), Germany.

A quantitative, descriptive and contextual research study was conducted to establish the impact of the South African Nursing Council regulation number 212 on the training of theatre nurses in the Northern are of the Eastern Cape Province. A survey was conducted, using a questionnaire as research instrument. Convenience sampling was used to select the required sample of registered theatre nurses employed in the area. The data analysis revealed that the way theatre nurses are utilized in the area does not yet show an impact in terms of the aim of this course namely to develop their knowledge, skills and attitudes in order to be effective practitioners. However, the respondents felt positive about the curriculum. / Health Studies / MA (Health Studies)

Room models, currently used for controller tests, assume the room air to be perfectly mixed. A new room model is developed, assuming non-homogeneous room conditions and distinguishing between different sensor positions. From measurement in real test rooms and detailed CFD simulations, a list of convective phenomena is obtained that has to be considered in the development of a model for a room equipped with different HVAC systems. The zonal modelling approach that divides the room air into several sub-volumes is chosen, since it is able to represent the important convective phenomena imposed on the HVAC system. The convective room model is divided into two parts: a zonal model, representing the air at the occupant zone and a second model, providing the conditions at typical sensor positions. Using this approach, the comfort conditions at the occupant zone can be evaluated as well as the impact of different sensor positions. The model is validated for a test room equipped with different HVAC systems. Sensitivity analysis is carried out on the main parameters of the model. Performance assessment and energy consumption are then compared for different sensor positions in a room equipped with different HVAC systems. The results are also compared with those obtained when a well-mixed model is used. A main conclusion of these tests is, that the differences obtained, when changing the position of the controller's sensor, is a function of the HVAC system and controller type. The differences are generally small in terms of thermal comfort but significant in terms of overall energy consumption. For different HVAC systems the cases are listed, in which the use of a simplified model is not recommended. This PhD has been submitted in accordance to the conditions for attaining both the French and the German degree of a PhD, on a co-national basis, in the frame of a statement of the French government from January 18th, 1994. The research has been carried out in the Automation and Energy Management Group (AGE), Department of Sustainable Development (DDD), at the "Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment" (CSTB) in Marne la Vallée, France, in collaboration with the "Centre Energétique" (CENERG) at the "Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris" (ENSMP), Paris, France and the Technical University of Dresden (TUD), Germany.

The objective of this thesis is to draw up the design documentation for the construction of a hotel. The hotel is situated on the edge of the golf resort Kaskáda near to Jinačovice. It’s a brick building with two above – ground floors and one underground. There is the staircase in the building that creates protected escape route. The perimeter wall is designed of ceramic bricks Porotherm T Profi. They are filled – in by mineral wool. The hotel is divided into three dilatational parts. There are 35 guest rooms in the hotel; two of them are barrier – free, in total 63 beds. In the ground floor there are entrance, reception, restaurant, bar, kitchen with the background. In the basement there are technical equipment, a fitness room, a wellness, changing rooms, washrooms and a bar. The roof of the hotel is flat. There is the terrace accessible from the apartments in the second floor above the restaurant.

Content of this thesis is proces and structural layout design of subject „SENIORS’ BOARDINGHOUSE“. It’s a wide subject, which south wing is designed as single-storey with cellarage, central subject is two-storeyd without cellarage. Wooden shelters are connected to north and south wing. Architecture has been chosen in order to make a subject evoking calm and positive impression for retirement aged persons living. Roof structure is double-pitched shape with two main skylights. Roof is red coloured and a facade is white. Interior space of subject is designed to satisfy a demands for comfortable living of single persons (one-room flats) as well as retirement aged couples (2+KK flats). Round the subject there are situated further tinier subjects there designed for utilization by seniors, but for those who are still active. Subject is brick, founded on continuous footing and spreading slab. Roof structure is constructed of wooden bearing rafter framework which is, in case of main object, designed with central binding rafter and collar roof in case of north and south wing. Subject is insulated with External Thermal Insulation Composite System, roof is covered by ceramic roof covering in combination with folded sheet metal covering. Main living quarters is situated in first and second above-ground storey of central subject, restaurant with background lie in south wing and wellness available for public as well is situated in north wing. In basement of south wing there is technical background of whole subject situated there as is garage, technical room, service room, bicycle room and storage. Next the kitchen staff background including storages for kitchen lie here.