Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Rolle von Forschungseinrichtungen in Deutschland bei der Transformation des wissenschaftlichen Publikationswesens von Subskription zu Open Access im Bereich wissenschaftlicher Fachzeitschriften. Die Open-Access-Transformation zielt darauf ab, das tradierte Subskriptionsmodell zu überwinden und innovative Verfahren der digitalen Wissenschaftskommunikation zu ermöglichen. Diese Arbeit untersucht, welche Handlungsoptionen sich Forschungseinrichtungen zur Gestaltung der Open-Access-Transformation eröffnen. Auf Grundlage einer Darstellung der Handlungsoptionen in den Bereichen Strategie und Kommunikation, Services und Infrastrukturen, Geschäftsbeziehungen mit Verlagen und Kooperationen wurde die Umsetzung dieser Handlungsoptionen in der Praxis analysiert. Hierzu wurde eine Erhebung unter 701 wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen in Deutschland durch-geführt. Mit einer Rücklaufquote von 403 antwortenden Einrichtungen (57,49 %) wird die Betei-ligung an der Umfrage als sehr positiv bewertet. Diese bislang wohl umfangreichste Studie zum Thema, zeigt, dass die akademischen Einrichtungen in Deutschland bis dato nur wenige Handlungsoptionen zur Förderung von Open Access umsetzen. Während die Verbreitung von Open-Access-Repositorien positiv zu bewerten ist, stehen der Um-gang mit Open-Access-Publikationsgebühren und damit verbunden auch das Monitoring von Publikationskosten noch am Anfang. Die Ergebnisse der Erhebung deuten auf einen hohen Handlungsbedarf hin. Über die quantitative Erhebung hinaus, die die Lücke einer fehlenden Datenbasis zu Open Ac-cess in Deutschland schließt, formuliert die Arbeit in einem anwendungsbezogenen Ansatz Empfehlungen für die weitere Befassung mit der Open-Access-Transformation an Forschungseinrichtungen in Deutschland. Ein Fokus liegt dabei auf Aktivitäten, die sich im Bereich der wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken ergeben. / This thesis investigates the role of research institutions in Germany in transforming scholarly publishing from subscription to Open Access in the field of scientific journals. Open Access transformation aims to overcome the traditional subscription model to further innovative methods of digital scholarly communication. The study examines the options open to higher education institutions and research performing organizations for shaping the Open Access transformation. The thesis presents a description of these options in the areas of strategy and communication, services and infrastructures, business relations with publishers and cooperation. Then, the implementation of these options in practice was analyzed. For this purpose, a survey was conducted among 701 academic institutions in Germany. The response rate of 403 responding institutions (57.49%) can be considered very positive. This survey, which is probably the most comprehensive on the subject to date, shows that higher education institutions and research performing organizations in Germany have so far implement-ed only a few options for promoting Open Access. While the distribution of Open Access repositories is positive, the handling of Open Access publication charges and the associated monitoring of publication costs are still at the beginning. The results of the survey indicate a high need for action. The presented quantitative survey closes the gap of missing data on Open Access in Germany. Based on this new dataset, the study formulates recommendations for further engagement with the Open Access transformation at research institutions in Germany. One focus is on activities that arise in the area of academic libraries.

This study examines the efficacy of collection development and management practices, policies, guidelines and standards in universities of technology to meet the information needs of academics and researchers at such institutions. In South Africa, as in Australasia, technikons or polytechnics have been upgraded first into degree granting institutions and then, at the beginning of the 21st century, into universities of technology. The researcher was concerned that library collections in South African universities of technology have not grown to meet the research and teaching needs of academics at the level of universities offering instruction up to a doctoral level. As research funding, government grants and the general prestige of the institutions depend on the research output of the institutions, it is essential that academics and researchers find the information resources they require in their institutional libraries. Case studies of universities of technology in New Zealand and South Africa reveal that, while Auckland University of Technology has been successful in extending its collection to meet the increasing demands placed on it, the collection development policies, standards and guidelines in a South African university of technology need to be upgraded in order to meet the information needs and information behaviour of their researchers and academics. Current levels of funding for the acquisition of information resources in South Africa lag behind those found at the New Zealand university of technology. The university of technology that was the object of the South African case study needs to bring its collection in line with that of similar institutions worldwide. This entails adapting goals and objectives stating how the collection is to develop, evaluating the collection and the needs of users, changing the Collection Development Policy to reflect the direction collection development will take and ensuring that the institution and the government back this project financially. To this end, a model Collection Development Policy has been drawn up that can be adapted to the local requirements of South African universities of technology to assist with the process of developing and managing library collections that will be worthy of such an institution. / Information Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Information Science)

Interest in effectively publishing academic articles stems from involvement in statistical research support provided to academic researchers conducting their research. In the context of this study research output (RO) is defined as the publication of research findings (articles) in academic journals accredited with the South African Department of Higher Education and Training’s (DHET). The vantage point of this research is that of research support statisticians. New knowledge is continually required to drive decision making, policy formulation, industry, economies, regulation, development, innovation and progress (SESCES 2015:9; Pullinger 2014). Quality published research serves as a reliable source of new information. Therefore measures are globally and nationally implemented to stimulate article publication. Such measures and incentives include measurement of publication rate; journal impact ratings; government funding of research based on research output; acknowledgement as research-intensive institutions, promotion opportunities linked to publication rate and more. Although the literature reports on aspects of the production and publication of research findings, limited research is reported on research output productivity (ROP) viewed from the perspective of the statistical community that support research within the research process. Therefore a theoretical framework for ROP had to be developed. Classic grounded theory (GT) proved to be an appropriate methodology for this research based on its theory-develop properties. The literature, responses to an open- and closed-ended questionnaire, observational field notes of this researcher and informal discussion notes were inter alia used as data bases in the cycles of data-collection-analysis-and-comparison that characterise GT implementation. Theoretical components (‘categories’) that emerged in the research include the research process as central concept (the ‘core category’), a research practice component; role players in the research process; the attitude of researchers; knowledge of researchers; skills and attributes of researchers; research resources and research resource centres; and the research climate of the researcher environment. These components constitute the factors that impact ROP. Relational links - which forms the second leg of a developing theory - between these components are explained quantitatively in terms of multivariate linear regression equations; a profile of researcher-type (discriminant analysis) and qualitatively by means of the literature and field notes of this researcher. The emerged theoretical model indicates that knowledge and skills of academic researchers, as well as researcher-type directly impact on the research process and therefore on ROP. Furthermore attitude forms a discriminatory attribute of academic researchers. The objective with the development of the model of ROP was to identify important components of RO delivery and propose grassroots recommendations to promote ROP. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / D. Ed. (Didactics)

本研究旨在探討1975至2006年間，台灣地區12所大學學術生產力之概況，透過各校被WOS資料庫蒐錄的文獻數量，進一步觀察不同領域中學校、學門，以及個別系所學術生產力的分佈情形，並以書目計量學三大作者學術生產力定律，加以驗證機構學術生產力之可行性，最後利用文獻成長模式檢視12所大學文獻成長情形，進而呈現其研究主題之逐年變遷。 研究結果得知台灣地區學術生產力普遍存在不均現象，多集中於台灣大學；而在自然科學與社會科學領域學術生產力之表現，最多產學門分別為電子與電機工程學門，以及管理學門；研究結果亦顯示合作研究已成為當前學術生產力的主要模式。其次在定律驗證，得知本研究與三大作者學術生產力定律均不相符，究其原因在於高生產力機構數量遠多於低生產力機構，並呈現機構之間學術生產力的極端現象，而與定律不相吻合。最後以文獻成長模式印證台灣地區12所大學整體學術生產力成長情形，可知其融合線性成長、指數成長以及邏輯斯第成長等模式，且目前仍處於蓬勃發展的階段；而近30年來研究主題的變遷，是以電子與電機工程和管理主題為研究主流。 本研究結果在為台灣地區學術生產力提供一個概括呈現，並協助高等教育評鑑對於不同領域及學門的學術生產力概況有一背景瞭解，以作為日後對於不同學科的評鑑參考。 / The main purpose of this study is to explore the scholarly productivity of 12 universities in Taiwan from 1975 to 2006 based on the theoretical perspectives of the bibliometrics, such as productivity of academic discipline, productivity of school, productivity of department, and the growth of literature. The distributions of institution productivity were examined using the Lotka’s, Price and 80/20 Laws. A total of 130018 bibliographic records were retrieved from the SCIE, SSCI, and A&HCI databases. The results of this study revealed that the productivity of institution in Taiwan existed uneven ordinarily, mostly concentrated in National Taiwan University. In scientific field, the most productive academic discipline was Electronics and Electrical Engineering. In social scientific field, the most productive academic discipline was Management. However, the results of this study also showed that coauthorship was major research model. Furthermore, the examination of Lotka’s law was found to be inapplicable. The KS Test is also utilized to test the invalidity of observed distributions. Price’s square root law and 80/20 law were found to be inapplicable to the distribution of institution productivity. The reason was the number of high productivity institutions was more then the number of low productivity institutions. Finally, the growth of literature in 12 universities had been identified. It was demonstrated that the growth of literature was fitted by linear, exponential, and logistic models. Moreover, the overall growth rate is in a vigorously up-growing trend. Nearly 30 years, the mainstream of research was electronics and electrical engineering and management. The results of this study may apply the overview of the scholarly productivity based on 12 universities in Taiwan from 1975 to 2006 and be the background knowledge for evaluation of high education, in order to understand what difference among different academic disciplines.

This diploma thesis deals with the novella The end of the nylon age written by Josef Škvorecký in 1950. It explores the text from a literary historical, literary theoretical and literary "practical", editorial point of view. After the introduction of author's work in necessary period and factual context the thesis focuses on the iterpretation of the novella, its narrative situation and the resulting structure of the text. The thesis then deals with dialogues and dialogic characteristics of the novella. The closing part pays attention to the textological issues - creating of an annotation system to the book. The novella is being related to other artist's work within each theme throughout the entire thesis.

Am Beispiel der altgermanistischen Edition wird dargelegt, dass das Buch als Publikationsort herausgefordert ist: Einerseits haben die Diskussionen zur ''New Philology'' gezeigt, dass die Möglichkeiten des Printmediums erschöpft sind. Andererseits hat sich durch die ''Neuen Medien'' der Erwartungshorizont der Leser-Benutzer gravierend verschoben. Obwohl die elektronische Datenverarbeitung im Editionsprozess seit Beginn des digitalen Zeitalters eine bedeutende Rolle spielt, fällt es dem Fach schwer, diesem Horizont und den daraus resultierenden Ansprüchen gerecht zu werden. Das liegt daran, dass – der Theorie nach – bei Medienumbrüchen das alte Medium dem neuen den Aktionsradius vorgibt, sodass Bremseffekte stets die Entwicklung beeinflussen. In der Praxis bedeutet dies, dass die digitalen Medien nur als Präsentationsvehikel ausgebeutet werden. Zwar werden Handschriften, Buchbestände und Texte erschlossen und im Internet zugänglich gemacht, sodass klassische Editionen (Faksimile, diplomatischer Abdruck, Fassungsedition oder historisch-kritische Ausgabe) nicht mehr nur im gedruckten Buch abgebildet werden. Jedoch macht schon die Rezeption an unterschiedlichen Endgeräten (E-Book-Reader, PC-Bildschirmen, Smartphones, Braille Displays etc.) Grenzen sichtbar. Noch deutlicher wird dies unterhalb der sich wechselseitig treibenden Wirkkräfte Standardisierung, Interoperabilität, Ausdifferenzierung, Kollaboration, Webapplikationen, Semantik, Zugänglichkeit, Barrierefreiheit und Legalität. Sie stellen für die komplexe Textedition einen völlig neuen Anforderungskatalog dar, der die statische Präsentation der Ergebnisse hinter sich lässt. Dieses traditionelle Ziel allen Edierens rückt gegenüber dem Editionsprozess und dem genuinen Potential der digitalen Medien, der Trennung der Präsentation vom Speicher, in den Hintergrund. Entscheidend wird sein, dass Editionsdaten für das fortgesetzte Bearbeiten offen und dabei auf verschiedensten Endgeräten flexibel präsentierbar bleiben. / Looking at recent publications of medieval German texts reveals two challenges to the dominance of the printed book as the principal place for publishing: On the one hand, the ''New Philology'' has shown that the possibilities of print are exhausted. On the other hand, the expectations of the 21st century reader/user have radically changed. Despite the fact that from the beginning, digital data processing has played a major role in the editing process, it is very hard to live up to these expectations. This is because - in theory - the old medium dictates limitations to the new one, slowing down the process of expansion and change. In practice this means that so far digital media have been used only as a vehicle for presentation. With manuscripts, book collections and texts being extensively captured and made available on the Internet, classical editions (facsimiles, diplomatic editions, edited versions and historical-critical editions) are increasingly being published outside the printed book. Nevertheless, the reception of this digital content on different devices (e-book readers, computer screens, smartphones, braille displays etc.) has its limitations. This becomes even more obvious when one considers the mutually active forces of standardization, interoperability, differentiation, collaboration, web applications, semantics, availability, accessibility and legality. These establish a whole new list of requirements that goes beyond the static presentation of the results of the editing process. While the traditional goal of all editing processes is losing its importance, it nevertheless opens up the genuine potential of digital media: the separation of presentation from memory. In the future, publishing data could be kept open for further processing and would remain flexible for presentation on all kinds of devices.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:31:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marinella.pdf: 1383353 bytes, checksum: a61a89aeb53907a2572b8b29fb8bc4de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-08 / This research investigates both the education and the working conditions offered to teachers for the elementary school grades, hereafter represented by women, who account for 81,3% of the total number of teachers in the country. The moment in time chosen, from 1971 to 1990, comprises periods of Military Regime (1964) and of the way towards political re-democratization (1985), when the educational policy that led to the general reform of education was outlined, and brought to effect by Law 5540, passed on November 28, 1968. This law brought the regulations for the organization and functioning of graduate studies. Furthermore, Law 5692, taking effect from August 11, 1971 reformed elementary and high school. We aim at evaluating the enforcement of these Laws, which intended to broaden access to schools, verifying the obstacles that fostered the so-called Scholarly Failure along their implantation process. This paper assembled statements by male and female teachers, and other sources of information such as newspapers and magazines from those days, population census, academic papers and the writings on the subject, which, brought together, helped the historic reconstruction of the facts, having as the axis the woman-teacher living in São Paulo. Analysis allowed us to confirm that the legislation followed a particular pathway: aiming at enlarging the number of seats in schools, it failed to take into consideration both the enhancement of education and professional competence, and subjective actions as a final product of teaching actions. Thus, solutions brought about did not lessen the shock between hope and reality, and downgraded the relationships of strength and power that constituted themselves within the educational community. The imposed law belittled the disastrous, even un-educational situation as far as both teachers and students were concerned, and underestimated its social consequences. Hence, the failure of the educational system was not significant if seen from the viewpoint of teachers of the public schools in the city, but was understood as negligence in the application of public educational policies for a long period, and the State was therefore to blame, during the military and the civil governments alike / Esta pesquisa investiga a formação e as condições oferecidas ao exercício docente na educação básica, aqui representada pela mulher, por ser ela 81,3% do professorado brasileiro. O momento histórico escolhido, de 1971 a 1990, compreende, do Regime Militar (1964) à Redemocratização Política (1985), quando se delineou a política educacional concretizada na reforma geral do ensino, criada pelas Leis 5.540, de 28 de novembro de 1968, que fixou normas para a organização e funcionamento do ensino superior e pela Lei 5.692, de 11 de agosto de 1971, que reformulou o ensino de 1º e 2º graus. Objetivamos avaliar a aplicação dessas Leis que tiveram como propósito ampliar o acesso à rede escolar, averiguando os obstáculos que, ao longo dessa implantação, favoreceram o estabelecimento do chamado Fracasso Escolar. A realização deste trabalho contou com depoimentos de professores e professoras e outras diversas fontes como jornais do período, censos populacionais, revistas da época, trabalhos acadêmicos e literatura que, articulados, auxiliaram a reconstituição histórica tendo como eixo a mulher professora, estabelecida na cidade de São Paulo. Após a análise, verificamos que a legislação como planejada percorreu um caminho singular, pois ao visar a ampliação de vagas desconsiderou a formação e a capacitação profissional, não ponderou as ações subjetivas como produto final do trabalho docente, as soluções fixadas não abreviaram o choque entre expectativa e realidade, mas depreciaram as relações de força e de poder que se constituiriam entre a comunidade educativa. A Lei imposta menosprezou a situação desastrosa, quando não, deseducativa, tanto em relação aos professores como aos seus alunos, subestimando as conseqüências sociais. Assim sendo, o fracasso do sistema escolar não foi significativo, visto sob a ótica dos professores das redes públicas paulistanas, mas foi entendido como negligência na aplicação das políticas públicas educacionais, durante um longo período e, portanto, de responsabilidade exclusiva dos representantes do Estado nacional, tanto dos governos militares como dos governos civis

The advances in ICTs have decisively changed the library and learning environment. On the one hand, ICTs have enhanced the variety and accessibility to library collections and services to break the barriers of location and time. On the other, the e-Learning has emerged as an additional medium for imparting education in many disciplines to overcome the constraint of physical capacity associated with the traditional classroom methods. For a vast developing country like India, this provides an immense opportunity to provide even higher education to remote places besides extending the library services through networking. Thanks to the recent initiatives by the public and private institutions in this direction, a few web-based instruction courses are now running in the country. This paper reviews different aspects of e-Learning and emerging learning landscapes. It further presents the library scene and new opportunities for its participation in the e-Learning process. How these ICTs driven advances can contribute to the comprehensive learning process in India is highlighted.

Seit der Jahrtausendwende prägt das Schlagwort Open Access die Debatten um wissenschaftliches Publizieren. Je nach Kontext geht es dabei um handfeste Strategien angesichts der Zeitschriftenkrise, um ein mehr oder weniger einheitliches Programm zur Verabschiedung des Gutenberg-Zeitalters oder um visionäre Vorstellungen digitaler Wissenskulturen. Die Untersuchung verfolgt zwei Ziele: Zunächst erklärt sie, auf welche Konzepte sich der Begriff Open Access bezieht, wie sich diese Konzepte entwickelt haben und wie sie zusammenfassend beschrieben werden können. Diese Betrachtungsweise ermöglicht es, Open Access in einem zweiten Schritt aus seiner strategischen und programmatischen Funktionalisierung zu lösen und medien-/kulturwissenschaftlich zu deuten: Nicht zufällig entsteht die Open-Access-Bewegung zu einem Zeitpunkt, da sich die medientechnischen Infrastrukturen der Gesellschaft und damit auch der Wissenschaft tiefgreifend verändern. Die Untersuchung analysiert Open Access als den Versuch der Wissenschaftsgemeinschaft, durch die Beeinflussung des Mediensystems auch unter veränderten medialen Bedigungen wissenschaftliche Öffentlichkeit herstellen zu können und dabei Verwerfungen für wissenschaftliche Arbeitsabläufe und für das gesamte Wissenssystem zu vermeiden. Dabei wird deutlich, dass verschiedene Disziplinen unterschiedliche Anforderungen an wissenschaftliche Öffentlichkeit haben und dass daher Aushandlungsprozesse nötig sind. Gleichzeitig reflektiert die Untersuchung, dass es sich bei den gerade entstehenden neuen Medieninfrastrukturen genau wie beim sich wandelnden wissenschaftlichen Publikationswesen um fragile, grundsätzlich kontingente Strukturen handelt, deren Zukunft keineswegs gesichert ist: Statt Open Access könnten sich auch andere Organisationsformen wissenschaftlicher Öffentlichkeit im digitalen Zeitalter etablieren, die aber nicht unbedingt im Sinne eines offenen und produktiven wissenschaftlichen Austausches und einer breiten gesellschaftlichen Partizipation an wissenschaftlicher Kultur sein müssen. Open Access erscheint vor diesem Hintergrund als vorsichtiger und vergleichweise schadensarmer Aushandlungsprozess, nicht als radikale Revolution des Wissenschaftssystems an der Schwelle zum digitalen Zeitalter. Methodisch knüpft die Untersuchung an die Mediologie an, die durch die Beschreibung von Wechselwirkungen zwischen technischen Medien und kulturellen Praxen die Konstruktion einseitiger Kausalzusammenhänge vermeiden will. In einem Exkurs wird untersucht, worin sich die Konzepte von Open Access und Open Source bzw. Freier Software unterscheiden. Der Anhang der Arbeit enthält den Volltext der drei Erklärungen von Budapest, Bethesda und Berlin, in denen wichtige Prinzipien von Open Access niedergelegt sind.

This study examines the efficacy of collection development and management practices, policies, guidelines and standards in universities of technology to meet the information needs of academics and researchers at such institutions. In South Africa, as in Australasia, technikons or polytechnics have been upgraded first into degree granting institutions and then, at the beginning of the 21st century, into universities of technology. The researcher was concerned that library collections in South African universities of technology have not grown to meet the research and teaching needs of academics at the level of universities offering instruction up to a doctoral level. As research funding, government grants and the general prestige of the institutions depend on the research output of the institutions, it is essential that academics and researchers find the information resources they require in their institutional libraries. Case studies of universities of technology in New Zealand and South Africa reveal that, while Auckland University of Technology has been successful in extending its collection to meet the increasing demands placed on it, the collection development policies, standards and guidelines in a South African university of technology need to be upgraded in order to meet the information needs and information behaviour of their researchers and academics. Current levels of funding for the acquisition of information resources in South Africa lag behind those found at the New Zealand university of technology. The university of technology that was the object of the South African case study needs to bring its collection in line with that of similar institutions worldwide. This entails adapting goals and objectives stating how the collection is to develop, evaluating the collection and the needs of users, changing the Collection Development Policy to reflect the direction collection development will take and ensuring that the institution and the government back this project financially. To this end, a model Collection Development Policy has been drawn up that can be adapted to the local requirements of South African universities of technology to assist with the process of developing and managing library collections that will be worthy of such an institution. / Information Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Information Science)