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王安石《字說》之價值 / The Value of Wang An-shih's "Tsu Shuo"林翠玟, Lin, May Unknown Date (has links)
王安石是北宋一代名臣,政治上的功過且不論,其於詩詞古文的地位,列居唐宋八大家之一。這些文學作品流傳於後世者眾,卻很少論及他在語言文字方面的成就,概因這部窮其晚年精力所瘁的《字說》,在當時受到王安石的政治立場所影響,先是主司用以取士,後又頒行於學官,使得應試的學子們個個鑽研其說,專行於學校、科場數十載,其間也因政治因素(新舊黨爭)陸續遭受禁用、奉行、廢用之命運,但其學說已深植人心,雖已遭廢用,學者在日常言談之間仍不厭引述闡發。
《字說》的產生與通行是有其歷史背景的支持,改朝換代之後,在以《說文》為尊的先見之下,《字說》最後走向「亡佚」之路是可以理解的。然而《字說》保存了當時對一些字義的獨特解釋,從這些吉光片羽之中,可以反映出當時的社會文化與王安石的思想觀點,所謂以「會意」解字者,當可視為「會」王安石之「意」的依據,尤其在《字說》成書之前,荊公已在《三經新義》中析字解經,必然有他的另一種不同的領會。例如他在〈熙寧字說序〉認為「教學必自此始,能知此者,則于道德之意,已十九矣。」在〈進字說表〉指出欲達到「同道德之歸,動名分之守」的目的。他的說解方式或許多少偏離詞義的訓釋,但是實際上也反映當時的文化、思想在語言文字上的展現。故不專以文字學上解字的學理來反駁《字說》之誤謬處,而以其解字的獨特訓釋來了解王安石的思想與當時的環境,以此為撰寫本文之動機。
第一章除了簡介《字說》的編纂動機與成書經過之外,也要了解《字說》擅行於科場與禁廢之情況,並對後世之影響。此外,黃復山的「王安石《字說》之研究」完成於1982年6月,其中已將民國以來,在他之前研究《字說》的相關著作有了一番介紹。同一時期,中國大陸地區也陸續有學者研究《字說》,尤其是「輯佚」工作也有一些成果。當時礙於政治因素的限制,學術無法自由交流,使得兩地學者各自分頭從事研究,現今兩岸學術開放,故亦介紹中國大陸地區對《字說》之相關研
究著作,以了解其發展情形。根據這些輯佚的資料,再與王安石個人在政治、哲學思想的著作相互參照,解經必先識文,試圖從解釋文字的方式推求他對儒學經典的理解與整理工作。故於第二章探討《字說》中所具有的哲學思想,包括陰陽、五行、佛、老;另有他的為政之道寓於其中,有天人之道、政治、軍事、經濟等方面。
第三章則著重在訓詁方面,王安石解字雖有穿鑿附會、望文生義之處,但是他已注意到聲符在整個字義上的作用與地位,雖然一般學者都以王子韶為「右文說」之創始者,但其書不傳,無法確切掌握當時王子韶對此學說的理解程度。王安石在《字說》中除了常以聲訓方式訓解字義之外,並已有「聲符兼義」之先聲,但尚未致力研究,卻給予後人在聲符研究上開啟一扇門窗,有其開創之功。同時介紹「聲符兼義」學說在清代與民國初年之各家發展概況。第四章介紹《字說》之編纂體例,由所輯佚的資料推求全書編排的概貌。例如:世人斥《字說》以楷書解字,然而從尋得的資料顯示,《字說》當是以篆體編寫。此外,《字說》有一些獨特的編纂方式,是其他字典、辭典所少有的,例如:析字重視字形的相對位置,分為上下左右之方位,並寓意強弱大小的力量在其中;釋物喜用「疊解」的形式,有訓詁百家名物之意味;並有特殊的「習慣用語」以解字,這些都是《字說》之特色。
綜合而論,《字說》之學術上的價值表現在幾方面:
一、王安石「哲學思想」之綜述:雖然有人將新舊黨爭視為「儒法之戰」,但是荊公基本上仍是以儒生自許,人的思想會隨著所接觸的學說、觀點而改變,因此在人生的不同階段,其見解是呈段落式、片面式的,甚或後來的想法會否定、推翻之前的。而王安石一生的著作約有廿多種,其中與哲學思想相關的著作多為儒家經典之研究,但是荊公晚年學以佛、老,皆有所得。《字說》既是荊公晚年所致力之作品,必將一生所學之精粹融入其中,自然在《字說》的說解依據上匯集百家之要,有依循《說文》者、有儒、法、佛、老、莊、陰陽眾家之說,故梁啟超譽之「其學術集九流之粹,其文章起八代之衰」正因如此,《字說》以解說「字義」為主,尤其是那些以「會意」解字者,有儒家的天人之道、佛家的空性、老莊的有無,皆融匯在訓詁字義之中。其他著作如《三經新義》、《易解》、《論語解》等,受限於經籍之題材與原作者之思想,總不若《字說》是以解字釋義為主,可以單純而全盤地了解王安石的哲學思想。
二、開創「聲符兼義」之先河 一般小學家總以王子韶創「右文說」,然而其書不傳,右文說之全貌又是如何?總無法了解其學說系統發展的程度。其實王安石在《字說》中已有「聲符兼義」之見解,他以「農者,本也,故又訓厚」,從農得聲之字有「厚」義,孳乳出「濃,水厚;醲,酒厚;襛,衣厚」等共訓,雖然在當時這種訓詁方式尚未發展出一定的規模,而且方法顯得簡略,但是已對中國文字之「聲符」加以注意,不再只是標明讀音的符號而已,尚有「意義」在內,從此相關的研究不斷地發展下去,尤其在清代與民初的小學家,後出轉精,沈兼士利用此「聲符兼義」的研究成果,應用在訂正古籍之字誤、察古音之變遷、判斷訓釋之得失等考據工作;王力更以此法追溯語根之起源,將研究結果撰成《同源字典》。這一切以「聲符」為研究之發展系統,現已臻於成熟完備,王安石可謂有開創之功。
三、獨特的「辭典編纂」方法:中國的字、辭典編纂方式總不外是兩大系統:「部首」和「韻類」,其撰寫內容也是以「字」為說解的最小單位。然而《字說》以聲韻分部之外,還有「疊解」的特殊形式,類似於《爾雅》以物類為釋,卻又有形式上之異,將同性質之物聚集而解,猶如百科全書一般,故此類的字義說解很容易被「訓解名物百家」之辭書所引用,例如陸佃的《埤雅》、李時珍的《本草綱目》,影響其訓解的方向。
此外,王安石重視字形「位置」之說解,將字分成上下左右之位列,融入陰陽五行學說,賦予相生相勝與卦位之說,將文字視為一個小天地。並在《字說》說解上使用一些特殊的「習慣用語」,使字義的解說更具王安石個人的色彩。這些獨特的「編纂方式」或影響後代之字辭典編纂者,但更重要地是突顯王安石之思想。《字說》不單只能以字辭典的觀典視之,它更包含王安石個人思想,反映當時社會各層面的現象,在歷史上無法否定、排除其盛極一時之況與對後世之影響,在中國文字學史上永遠具有承先啟後之地位!
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Confucian humanism as the foundation of human rights and economic ethics: a study of Korea, Japan and the Republic of China.Lee, Calvin C, calvin.lee@rmit.edu.au January 2007 (has links)
This study is about Confucian humanism as the foundation of human rights and economic ethics. The study covers Korea, Japan and the Republic of China. The main research question lies in how Confucian humanism emerged as an enduring tradition, and how it impacts upon human rights and economic ethics of the three nations on their individual paths towards globalizing civil societies. Research elements are (i) literature review, (ii) focus group discussions and (iii) documentation corroborations. Literature reviews covered scholarly works of East Asia and international scholars. Narrative data were obtained from the focus group discussions. Documentation corroboration complemented the focus group discussions. The study explores the origin of Confucianism and proceeds to examine how the Confucian philosophical tradition gave naissance to Confucian humanism. From Confucian humanism, the thesis proceeds to Confucian governance (ching shih). Alternative political views of more egalitarian Confucian schools such as of Mencius also take up a good part of the governance theme. The role of life long self-cultivation is seen as the foundation of character-building for respective societal roles within Confucian ethics and social ethos. The modern democratic institution of human rights is argued as having emerged from the fertile demo-centric Confucian social psychology, but benefited directly from the Western institutional models. Discussions on the tradition of Confucianism and that of Confucian humanism progress through the important turning points throughout history, i.e., the Classic age of Confucius, the Neo-Confucian reformation, the Practical Learning sub-era of the Neo-Confucian era, and, finally, the contemporary Neo-Confucian. The discussions highlight that the Confucian tradition of 'humanity' that Confucius and his disciples formulated in the Classical age endured through the ages to modernity. They also point to the notion that Confucians pursued their intellectual, moral and aesthetic ideals to the highest possible level through the system of learning, philosophizing, and practicing in the tradition. The Confucian cosmology of the 'human to nature' nexus and the Confucian spirituality of cosmic immanence in the 'self' provide clues to the multi-layer structure of Confucian consciousness of self, selves and the greater self, namely society or the Heaven itself. The Neo-Confucian school of 'mind and heart' learning reinforced the inquiry into selves in nexus to nature and the universe. Religious tolerance and the adaptability of Confucianism have stood out as important qualities in the globalization of East-Asian values and ethos, i.e., Confucian 'souls and decorum.' Japan, as an island nation with a unique perception of its self-identity, employs Confucianism, still considered fundamentally as the philosophy of China, to reinforce the national identity without compromising the integrity of the Japanese tradition and sensitivity. Japanese aesthetic sensitivity would place aesthetic unity with nature on equal footing with that of moral unity with the world. Secularism and spirituality of Confucianism benefited from the peaceful co-existence amongst the three great philosophical traditions of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. The thesis as an inquiry into Confucian humanism as a living tradition concludes by answering the main research question and its three associated postulates.
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Strategy for advancing the small church of Taiwan Evangelical Holiness ChurchChen, Andrew Chi-Jang. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (D. Min.)--Logos Evangelical Seminary, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 361-374).
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晚清駐檳榔嶼副領事之角色分析(1893-1911)張曉威, Chong, Siou Wei Unknown Date (has links)
十九世紀末的檳榔嶼華人社會,其人口總數約為八萬餘人,其中屬客家方言群者,只有七千餘人,尚不及該地華人總人口數的十分之一。儘管如此,客家籍富商卻能不間斷的出任清朝政府派駐該地的副領事,無疑顯示出其有獨特之處。其中,張弼士出任首任副領事,更是其關鍵的肇始。因為透過張氏的精心安排和計畫,遂逐步奠定該職繼續由客家富商擔任的基礎。至於客家籍富商出任該職,不僅讓他們有更多的機會接觸祖國事務,亦進一步將他們引入檳榔嶼華人社會的領導階層,成為名符其實的華人社會領袖,同時亦造就了客家籍「埔梅集團」的興起。副領事一職,是清朝政府對外設立使領館中,層級最低的一個小機構。就機構本身而言,它的影響力是非常有限,無足輕重。是故,長期以來,亦不會特別引人注意到檳榔嶼副領事,到底會對近代中國帶來怎樣的影響和改變。不過,就因為擔任副領事者當中,有了張弼士、張煜南、謝榮光、梁碧如和戴春榮等人物的出現,以致改變了和凸顯出檳榔嶼副領事的重要性。尤其是張弼士更透過他商業網絡的優勢,而躋入清朝的商業官僚體系內,甚至更成為主管晚清商務的商務大臣,進而推動和影響了晚清商業資本主義的發展。此外,當革命派在檳榔嶼展開活動至中華民國建立為止,該批亦官亦商的檳榔嶼副領事,不僅沒有對革命派加以打壓,甚至還默許他們的親族參與革命活動。因此,同盟會南洋支部自新加坡遷往檳榔嶼之後,革命派在南洋的活動和發展,得以繼續藉由在當地的重整機會,而取得喘息和重新出發的新契機。由此觀之,檳榔嶼副領事對於近代中國政治的發展,無疑亦扮演著一個極特殊又關鍵的角色,對近代中國實產生了一個極大的衝擊和影響。
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晚明世說體著作研究 / A Study of the Late Ming Shih-shuo Form官廷森, Kuan, T'ing-sen Unknown Date (has links)
《世說新語》在晚明時期(嘉靖至清初)造成空前之盛況,受到士人相當的重視與喜愛。就目前所知而言,單是《世說新語》原作的刻本,便至少有十八種。而《世說新語》之續作、仿作(世說體著作),更高達三十餘部之多;其中《世說新語補》一書,又有九種以上不同的版本。此外,嘗對《世說新語》原作、續作、仿作進行注釋、評點者,亦有十三家左右。至於為其撰作序、跋的文人,更是不勝枚舉、無從計數,甚至有一人撰作兩篇者。如此之盛況,乃歷代所絕無僅有。由此可知,《世說新語》在晚明確實扮演著相當重要的角色。
所謂季世,大抵均有若干類似之時代現象與特質。惟魏晉與晚明二者,實有更多相通之處。晚明文人便已自覺此點,如王宇〈清紀序〉論季世,即獨舉漢末魏晉與晚明對映。而晚明世說體著作乃至清言小品之蔚盛,更證明魏晉與晚明之關聯。因此,若以《世說新語》與魏晉時期的部分特質,觀照晚明之文學、思想、文化等現象,當不無所得。則晚明世說體著作,實頗值得吾人注意。
然而,現今對晚明時期的探討,不論是文學理論或士人風氣,皆鮮少觸及晚明世說體著作。晚明性靈思潮之興起,固與王陽明心學(王學泰州學派)之啟發及前、後七子擬古風氣之刺激有關,然其為何以此種面貌呈現?晚明文人為何以率真任性為處世準則?他們心中的理想人物典型又是哪些?而「清言」作品何以大盛於晚明?凡此問題,皆可自晚明世說體著作獲得啟發。事實上,晚明時期大量世說體著作的出現,即意味著《世說新語》與魏晉名士對當日文人而言,確實有特殊之意義。魏晉對晚明的影響,不僅是在文學審美興趣方面,士人思想風尚方面的影響,恐怕才是更為重大的。
在研究方向上,本文著重於魏晉與晚明彼此關係之探討,透過《世說新語》與晚明世說體著作的對照、比較,呈顯出晚明世說體著作的特色,並進一步反映出晚明時期之士人風尚與文學興趣。本文第二章探討晚明世說體著作之興起背景與原因;第三章分析晚明世說體著作之形式體制;第四章則自德行、言語、政事、文學、聰慧、賢媛等向度,論述晚明思想風尚及文學現象。希冀藉由對晚明世說體著作的研究,能發掘出其於晚明文學、思想、文化史中的意義與價值,並進而對整個晚明學術思潮、士人風尚及文學理論,有更為深刻的了解與掌握。
第一章 緒言 1
第二章 晚明世說體著作之興起 7
第一節 魏晉風流之企羨 7
第二節 短文小說之好尚 10
第三節 知名文士之推動 12
第三章 晚明世說體著作之體制 17
第一節 門類篇目 20
第二節 注文、小序、按語 27
第四章 晚明世說體著作之內容 47
第一節 德行 48
一、道德教化之編撰理念 54
二、細大不捐之選材標準 58
第二節 言語 68
一、清 71
(一)清之內涵 72
1、清與汙濁 72
2、清與雅俗 76
3、清與玄虛 81
4、清與風流 83
(二)晚明之清 88
1、名士風流之清 92
2、山林隱逸之清 97
(三)晚明世說體著作與晚明清言之關係 100
1、清言名義 101
2、清言形式 102
二、韻 112
(一)以疵為美 115
(二)多情率真 119
(三)任達放誕 123
(四)嗜酒耽色 127
第三節 政事 135
一、廣任才智之士 138
二、措意民生經濟 148
三、加強國防邊政 158
第四節 文學 160
一、文學詞章 162
(一)詞義兼備、文質彬彬 162
(二)文發於意見、詩本乎性情 164
(三)嚮慕魏晉詩文風韻 167
(四)推尊白居易、蘇軾 169
二、玄學佛理 172
三、博學多識 179
第五節 智慧 185
一、智 185
二、慧 196
第六節 賢媛 202
第五章 結語 213
參考書目 225 / During the Late Ming, the New Account of Tales of the World (Shih-shuo hsin yu) reached unprecedented heights in popularity; it was held in highest esteem by the era's scholars. Based on what we know now, there were
at least 18 versions of the original printed edition of New Account of Tales of the World . Supplements and imitations of it numbered more than 30; among them, Addendum to New Account of Tales of the World had more than 9 different editions. Further, in comparisons of the original, supplements, and imitations, we find there are about 13 commentators and annotators. The number of scholars who wrote prefaces and colophons is too
great to cite; in fact there was even one who wrote two. Such a profusion of interest was rare in the history of Chinese literature and it is because of this fact we can see what an important role New Account of Tales of the
World played in the Late Ming.
This paper focuses on a study of the interrelation between the Wei Chin period and the Late Ming. By comparing and contrasting New Account of Tales of the World with the Late Ming Shih-shuo form, unique characteristics of the latter are revealed as well as the tastes and literary interests of Late Ming scholars. Chapter 2 explores the background and causes for the rise in the Late Ming Shih-shuo form. Chapter 3 analyzes the structure and style of Late Ming Shih-shuo form. Chapter 4 discusses Late Ming trends in thought and literary imagery from several points of view: moral conduct, language, politics, literature, etc. Through this research, the author hopes to flesh out the significance and value of Late Ming Shih-shuo form on the literature, thought, and culture of that era and also gain a deeper understanding of Late Ming academic trends, scholar's proclivities, and literary theory.
Chapter One: Introduction p. 1
Chapter Two: The Rise of Late Ming Shih-shuo Form p. 7
Part One: Admiration of the Wei Chin Style p. 7
Part Two: Affection for Short Stories p. 10
Part Three: Promotion by Famous Scholars p. 12
Chapter Three: The Structure of the Late Ming Shih-shuo Form p. 17
Part One: Categories of Titles p. 20
Part Two: Annotations, "Little" Prefaces, and Editorial Comments p.27
Chapter Four: Content of the Late Ming Shih-shuo Form p. 47
Part One: Moral Conduct p. 48
Section One: Theory of Compositions of Ethical Instruction p. 54
Section Two: The "Nothing Too Large or Small" Standard of Selecting Material p. 58
Part Two: Language p. 68
Section One: Purity p. 71
a. The Meaning of Purity p. 72
1. The Pure and The Polluted p. 72
2. The Pure and The Refined and Vulgar p. 76
3. The Pure and The Mysterious p. 81
4. The Pure and Matters of Style p. 83
b. The Late Ming's "Purity" p. 88
1. The Purity of the Rich and Famous p. 92
2. The Purity of the Recluse p. 97
c. The Relationship Between the Late Ming Shih-shuo Form and the Pure Language of the Er p. 100
1. The Meaning of Pure Language p. 101
2. The Form of Pure Language p. 102
Section Two: Deportment p. 112
a. The Flawed As Beautiful p. 115
b. Great Emotion and Candor p. 119
c. Unrestrained and Rash p. 123
d. Indulgence in Wine and Women p. 127
Part Three: Political Matters p. 135
Section One: Broad Employment of Men of Intelligence p. 138
Section Two: Attentitiveness to the National Economy p. 148
Section Three: Strengthen National Defense in Border
Adminstrations p. 158
Part Four: Literature p. 160
Section One: Literary Works p. 162
a. If the Words and Meaning are In Accord, the Literature's Quality Will Be Elegant p. 162
b. Prose Comes From Ideas, Poetry From Disposition p. 164
c. Admiration of Wei Chin Literature's Charms p.167
d. Promotion of Pai Chu-yi and Su Shih p. 169
Section Two: Metaphysics and Buddhism p. 172
Section Three: Erudition p. 179
Part Five: Perfect Wisdom p. 185
Section One: Knowledge p. 185
Section Two: Intelligence p. 196
Part Six: Talented Women p. 202
Chapter Five: Conclusion p. 213
Bibliography p.225
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許學夷《詩源辯體》研究 / A Study of Hsu Hsueh-yi's Shih yuan pien t'i謝明陽, Hsieh, Ming Yang Unknown Date (has links)
許學夷,字伯清,南直隸江陰(今江蘇江陰)人,生於明嘉靖四十二年(1563),卒於崇禎六年(1633)。其以復古派的立場,歷四十年光陰所著成之《詩源辯體》,是一部體大思精的論詩著作,惜因此書傳世甚稀,《四庫全書》又未予著錄,使得這部詩歌批評史上的罕見的鉅製沈寂了三百多年,直到近幾年方才逐漸受到重視。實則《詩源辯體》是明代復古派反擊公安、竟陵二派的總結性論著,其系統之井然,篇幅之龐大,都是宋代以來的詩話傳統所未見的,且是書詳論《詩經》以降的中國歷代詩歌之源流發展,並兼評歷代詩論和詩選集,實質上即是一部完整的詩歌史和簡易的詩歌批評史,其所具有的價值和意義都不容我們忽視。本文以許學夷的《詩源辯體》為研究對象,論文內容除了〈引言〉之外,總計分成七章:第一章〈許學夷其人其事〉與第二章〈詩源辯體的成書〉,先針對許學夷的生平經歷和《詩源辯體》的成書狀況作一番基本的說明,這兩章是屬於外緣問題的探討;第三章至第六章分別為〈詩史觀──詩歌演變歷史的詮釋〉、〈辨體論──詩歌體裁與家數的辨析〉、〈創作論──復古的創作理論與實踐〉以及〈批評研究──理論、實際與批評史〉,這四章則是依據《詩源辯體》的內容和性質,來研究其核心的理論;第七章〈結論〉,則從許學夷詩論的承先啟後以及《詩源辯體》一書的的價值、研究展望等幾個方面,為全文提出最後的總結。《詩源辯體》原本即是系統嚴謹的論著,本文透過個人的詮釋方式,為其書建構另種面貌的理論體系,希望這樣的研究能夠闡發許學夷詩論的精髓,並還給其書一個合理的文學史地位。
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王安石《詩經新義》研究 / The Study of Wang An-Shih's "the New Meaning of Shi-Jing"廖育菁 Unknown Date (has links)
王安石經學近十年來開始受到關注(2000年以來);在此之前,王安石的變法改革思想和詩文集的研究,其實已經非常蓬勃(1949-1990),尤其變法改革思想正好符合清末和新中國極欲改革的需求,因此,在大陸和美國都有王安石變法研究的專家。稍後有王安石思想具有道、佛思想的研究(1980-2000)。截至2010年,海峽兩岸相關王安石研究的單篇論文有三千多篇,博、碩士論文有六十多篇。而真正以王安石經學著作為主要研究對象的博、碩士論文海峽兩岸計有六本,而且都聚集在近十年(2005年以來)。
王安石經學著作在明初已全部亡佚,目前可見的只有清代所輯的《周官新義》一部輯佚書。王安石參與的宋代熙寧變法所著的《三經新義》,最為人所熟知的是《周官新義》,內容鋪陳改革宋代吏治與經濟的藍圖,受到撻伐最深,王安石將他當作政治實踐的計畫書,最具有宋代精神,卻是偏離上古三代精神較遠。至於《尚書新義》則是規範帝王修身和治國的政治之書。
而王安石的《詩經新義》則不同,內容平易近人,其闡發儒家精神與禮儀規範,對於人倫與禮儀、人性與人為制度的推敲拿捏,在遵守禮樂之外,還有更多人文精神的體會。而王安石和《詩》的淵源其實頗深,從案頭書到科舉必讀經典,都可以看到王安石對於《詩》的重視。透過研究王安石的《詩經新義》,可以看到王安石學術思想理念的初衷─儒家經典理念和人倫禮儀思想;除了他對原始儒家、三代聖王賢人精神的繼承,還可以看到王安石對於人生倫理的規劃,這正是本文以王安石《詩經新義》為研究對象的重要價值所在。
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資源枯竭型城市經濟轉型發展之公共政策研究 : 以"煤都"撫順為分析個案 / 資源枯竭型城市經濟轉型發展之公共政策研究 : 以煤都撫順為分析個案蘇暢 January 2010 (has links)
University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Government and Public Administration
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司馬遷 "史記" 儒禮初探 =A fundamental research of Sima Qian's Ruist Courtesy in Shiji / Fundamental research of Sima Qian's Ruist Courtesy in Shiji張婉穎 January 2018 (has links)
University of Macau / Faculty of Arts and Humanities. / Department of Chinese
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擺渡的意識 :文學改編的另一種解讀 : 從 "敘事倫理" 角度論小說 "白鹿原" 改編 =;Consciousness of ferrying : another interpretation of literary adaptation : an analysis of the adaptation on the Novel Bailuyuan from the perspective of narrative ethics / Consciousness of ferrying : another interpretation of literary adaptation : an analysis of the adaptation on the Novel "Bailuyuan" from the perspective of narrative ethics馬若楠 January 2018 (has links)
University of Macau / Faculty of Arts and Humanities. / Department of Chinese
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