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Persuasion and Signs: Semiotics and Rhetoric as Complementary Disciplines The hypothesis we consider in this dissertation is that of complementarity of semiotics and rhetorics, both in symstematical and historical context. The first part deals with the late modern interpretation of the history of rhetorics, sophistry and sophistical rhetoric (showing why i tis necessary to discriminate between these terms). This is illustrated by the discussion about pragmatics and interpretation of ancient rhetoric in the anglo-saxon philosophy of the late 20th century. Topic of persuasion is considered as the main point of investigation for its being common both to rhetoric and semiotics. This is elaborated in the second part of thesis, which concentrates on the analysis of Ch. S. Peirce's late work, especially his classification of signs, semiotics as pure rhetoric, with emphasis on his concept of pragmatism. The pragmatism is the point where semiotics and rhetoric coincide. In the conclusion it is find out, that semiotics and rhetoric are complementary disciplines, at least for their specific account of the notion of sign and persuasion. Keywords Rhetoric, rhetoric, semiotics, semeiotic, sophistry, Lyotard, Vitanza, Nietzsche, Peirce, Deleuze.

Title: Treatment of CMV Vitritis in a Preterm Newborn Author’s Section: Remil Simon1, Darshan Shah1, Peter Blosser1, Demetrio Macariola1, Jeffrey Carlsen2 1.Department of Pediatrics, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 2.Johnson City Eye Clinic, Johnson City, TN Body: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in the neonate is an infrequent occurrence in the developing world, and observing the symptoms of ocular CMV infection such as vitritis is rare. Treating CMV infection promptly is necessary to prevent mortality and potential neurological deficits including blindness and hearing loss. We encountered a preterm infant presenting with CMV sepsis immediately after birth. Our question was: will the current standard of treatment for CMV sepsis prevent CMV ocular infection? With our method of treatment, we followed the current standard of treatment for CMV infection by administering intravenous Gancyclovir for 6 weeks and oral Valgancyclovir for 6 months. Despite using the standard treatment to prevent neurological sequelae, the patient developed CMV vitritis and retinitis bilaterally. Although the treatment did not prevent CMV ocular infection, the severity of CMV retinitis and vitritis improved with treatment, and full resolution of vitritis was noted by day of life 61.

The purpose of the following report is to account for and summarize the authority and tasks that municipalities, authorities and contractors have in the implementation of temporary traffic diversions. In addition to this, the cooperation between all actors has also been investigated with the aim of finding out what types of routines and potential tools are used in connection with the work. The implementation of the report is based on a qualitative study, for which relevant people with different tasks have been interviewed or answered questionnaires. Furthermore, governing documents for relevant parties have been studied with the intention of describing the requirements that apply to work adjacent to or on the road. The results have subsequently been compiled in an account of the work parties' tasks, views and suggestions for improvement. In this it appears that the road maintenance authorities have an examinative responsibility and has the authority to approve the work carried out on its behalf. For and in particular all road works, of which the diversion is a part, traffic device plans must also be drawn up and describe solutions for traffic-related problems. These are the tasks of the executing contractor to draft with regard to the requirements of the road maintenance authority. It also appears that the majority of the interviewees consider the cooperation to be satisfactory, but state how interpretation of the governing documents can result in conflicts between the parties. In addition, significant differences for the systems used in the coordination can be noted for each municipality and authority.

Idag visar allt fler forskningsresultat på de språkutvecklande vinsterna hos samtliga barn när verksamheter bedrivs med AKK som komplement. AKK är ett paraplybegrepp som innefattar bland annat bildstöd och tecken som stöd, där olika AKK-system visualiserar språket. Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka förskollärares inställningar till användande av AKK, samt vilka förutsättningar de anser sig ha för att naturligt kunna använda sig av AKK i undervisningen. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer har vi kunnat se likheter och olikheter i förskollärarnas kunskaper och sätt att använda AKK, likväl som vi delgetts deras tankar kring ämnet. Studiens resultat visar att förskollärare generellt har en god inställning till AKK och dess arbetsformer, men att verksamhetens arbete oftast endast innefattar arbete med bildstöd. Dagens förskollärare har väldigt olika förutsättningar för att kunna bedriva undervisning med AKK inkluderat, vilket kan ge konsekvenser. Studien påtalar vikten av kompetenshöjande fortbildningsmöjligheter för våra pedagoger, och tidigare forskning visar att pedagoger som är duktiga på AKK har lättare att uppmärksamma behov och anpassa lärmiljöerna på ett sätt som inkluderar alla barn. I studien framkommer också hur både barngruppens och arbetslagets konstellation påverkar hur arbetet med AKK tar vid, samtidigt som resultatet visar på förskollärarnas insikt om fördelarna med AKK oavsett vilka uttalade behov som finns. / Today, more and more research results show the language development gains of all children when activities are conducted with ACC as a supplement. ACC is an umbrella concept that includes image support and signs as support, where different ACC systems visualize the language. The purpose of this study has been to examine preschool teachers' attitudes towards using ACC, as well as what conditions they consider to have to be able to naturally use ACC in teaching. Through qualitative interviews, we have been able to see similarities and differences in the preschool teachers' knowledge and ways of using AKK, as well as their thoughts on the subject. The results of the study show that preschool teachers generally have a good attitude towards ACC and its working methods, but that the organization's work usually only includes work with image support. Today's preschool teachers have very different conditions for being able to teach with ACC included, which can have consequences. The study points to the importance of competence-enhancing continuing education opportunities for our pedagogues, and previous research shows that pedagogues who are good at ACC have an easier time paying attention to needs and adapting learning environments in a way that includes all children. The study also shows how the constellation of both the children's group and the work team affects how the work with AKK takes place, while the results show the preschool teachers' insight into the advantages of ACC regardless of the stated needs.

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One idea common in the computer industry today is that by the time a technological innovation reaches the mass market it is already obsolete. News of recent technological developments race quickly through the computer industry, creating large scale competition among various businesses for the dollars of both educational institutions and industries. In an effort to produce sophisticated and powerful software readily accessible to users whose area of expertise is not programming, software developers have increasingly turned toward the simplest form of language and concept representation--the icon. As icons become increasingly sophisticated and their function grows, so will their availability in various interfaces. The number of users who operate them will also increase. Advanced help systems and animation will assist in relieving some difficulties while creating others. In either case, icon recognizability will be a crucial factor for anyone (novice or expert) who will use them. The purpose of this study was to verify whether all users unfamiliar with a graphical user interface (GUI) system, specifically icons, will require assistance with 40' "W those icons that are unrecognizable in either form or function. Based on the results of this study, an icon recognizability does exist among different groups of computer users. This recognizability is based upon the experience of the users and not upon the type of software they may use most often.

Skolattacker är ett fenomen som uppmärksammats alltmer efter skolmassakern år 1999 på gymnasieskolan Columbine High i Colorado USA. Händelsen skapade en subkultur kring skolattacker som på senare år spridits till olika länder i Europa, varav den senaste attacken i Sverige utfördes på gymnasieskolan Malmö Latinskola år 2022. Lärare har ett ansvar att uppmärksamma elever med varningssignaler och följa upp med lämpliga åtgärder. Studien syftar dels till att undersöka lärares kunskap om skolattacker, dels vilka resurser och åtgärder de är medvetna om gällande skolattacker. Dessutom ämnar studien framhäva förbättringsmöjligheter i skolans arbetssätt genom lärarnas insikter. Sju semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med lärare på grund- och gymnasienivå från olika skolor i Skåne län. Därefter utfördes en tematisk analys av materialet. Resultaten belyser lärares okunskap om fenomenet samt hur skolattacker påverkar deras trygghetskänsla på arbetsplatsen. Samtliga deltagare lyfter en god relation mellan lärare och elev som deras viktigaste förebyggande åtgärd. Utöver det var att känna stöd från chefer och kollegor det viktigaste för att känna sig trygg på arbetsplatsen. Resultaten visade även att lärarna tyckte att fysiska säkerhetsåtgärder är viktiga för att öka skolans beredskap. Slutligen rekommenderas fem förbättringsmöjligheter som grundas på analysen och bakgrundsinformationen kring ämnet. Dessa förbättringar är att utbilda lärare i att göra hotbedömningar, stärka samverkan, införa antimobbningsprogram, skapa kommunikationskanaler för personal på skolan samt införa inrymningsövningar med personal. / School attacks are a phenomenon that has received increasing attention since the school massacre in 1999 at Columbine High in Colorado, USA. The incident created a subculture around school attacks that in recent years has spread to various countries in Europe, where the most recent attack in Sweden was carried out at the high school Malmö Latinskola in 2022. Teachers have a responsibility to notice students with warning signs and adress them with appropriate measures. The study aims to investigate teachers' knowledge of school attacks, and what resources and measures they are aware of concerning school attacks. Through teachers´ insights, the study also aims to identify opportunities for improving schools’ practices to prevent and handle school attacks. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers from different primary and secondary level schools in Skåne county. Thereafter, a thematic analysis of the material was carried out. The results highlight teachers' lack of knowledge of the phenomenon and how school attacks affect their sense of security in the workplace. All participants emphasize a good relationship between teacher and student as their most important preventive measure, and in addition to that, feeling support from managers and colleagues was the most important thing to feel safe in the workplace. The results also showed that the teachers thought that physical security measures are important to increase the school's preparedness. Finally, four proposals are recommended based on the analysis and background information on the subject. These measures include training teachers in making threat assessments, strengthening cooperation, introducing anti-bullying programs, creating communication channels for staff at the school and starting lock-down exercises with staff.

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