Esta tese tem como tema o conjunto de recursos comuns naturais e os formatos de gestão que permitem novos sistemas de governança nos espaços rurais no entorno de áreas protegidas. Como questão central, busca responder como os diversos atores afetados pelo processo de criação de uma área protegida organizam-se e desenvolvem ações coletivas para a gestão dos recursos comuns no entorno destas áreas. Têm-se como hipótese que há uma aproximação entre os atores conforme seus objetivos em relação aos recursos comuns naturais, o que remete a configuração de um novo sistema de governança que propicia o desenvolvimento de ações coletivas próprias de gestão dos recursos comuns. Outra hipótese é que a ação do Estado, por meio de políticas governamentais, apresenta efeito limitado na coordenação das ações e na promoção do consenso entre os atores. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a ação coletiva dos atores sociais na gestão dos recursos comuns no entorno do Parque Nacional da Serra da Bodoquena (PNSB), o qual abrange áreas dos municípios de Bodoquena, Bonito, Jardim e Porto Murtinho no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Por meio da abordagem institucional no estudo da auto-organização e autogovernança em situações de gestão do conjunto de recursos comuns desenvolvida por Elinor Ostrom, buscou-se a fundamentação teórica para explicação dos fenômenos e problemática identificada. Metodologicamente trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo e documental, a qual apresenta um delineamento de estudo de caso small-N, aplicando-se o framework para análise de sistemas sócio-ecológicos (SES), procedendo-se também uma sistemática análise documental próxima à meta-análise. Conclui-se que a esperada mobilização de grupos de indivíduos em busca de objetivos comuns encontra duas vertentes neste caso, com os participantes da arena de ação criando distintos objetivos e distintas ações coletivas de acordo com seus interesses, produtivos ou ambientais, sendo que governo dos comuns permanece sob o controle dos interesses produtivistas arraigados na cultura de produção agropecuária local. / This thesis has as its theme the common natural resources and the management models that allow new governance systems in the rural areas in the surrounding of protected areas. As central question, seeks to answer how the various actors affected by the process of creation of a protected area organise themselves and develop collective actions for the management of common natural resources in the surroundings of this area. There has been hypothesised that there is a closeness among the actors as their goals in relation to common natural resources, which refers to setting up a new governance system that promotes the development of collective actions specific to the management of common resources. Another hypothesis is that state action, through government policies, has limited effect on the coordination and promotion toward a consensus among actors. In this sense, the objective of this work is to study the collective action of social actors in the management of common natural resources in the surroundings of the National Park of Serra da Bodoquena (PNSB), which covers areas of the municipalities of Bodoquena, Bonito, Jardim and Porto Murtinho in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Based on institutional approach for the study of the self-organisation and self-governance in common-pool resources situations developed by Elinor Ostrom, the investigation sought the theoretical explanation of phenomena and problem identified. Methodologically this is a documentary and field research, which has a feature of small-N case of study, proceeding an applying of the framework for analysing social-ecological systems (SES), conducting also a systematic analysis of documents close to a meta-analysis. The conclusions point out that the expected mobilisation of groups of individuals in the pursuit of common goals is twofold in this case, with the participants of the action arena creating different goals and different collective actions according to their interests, environmental or productive, and that the govern of the commons remains under the control of agribusiness interests rooted in the culture of the local agricultural production.

Le concept de services écosystémiques est de plus en plus utilisé par différentes disciplines scientifiques et pris en compte dans les sphères politiques pour attirer l'attention sur les bénéfices que l'Homme reçoit des écosystèmes. Ce concept mène à étudier les liens complexes entre l'homme et son environnement. Cependant, la majorité des recherches actuelles restent théorique et peu de cas d'étude mettent à l'épreuve ce concept dans une démarche transdisciplinaire. Cette thèse à donc pour objectif principal de combler ce manque en explorant et analysant les dynamiques et processus des services écosystémiques en terme d'offre et de demande, y compris les effets de rétroactions, par une approche socio-écologique dans un contexte de changement planétaire. A cette fin, une étude transdisciplinaire a été conduite sur les prairies subalpines de la commune de Villar d'Arène (Hautes-Alpes) où l'élevage ovin et bovin domine. Des techniques de modélisations statistiques et de systèmes d'informations géographiques ont été combinées pour analyser la fourniture potentielle de services écosystémiques, conduisant à une cartographie de ceux-ci à l'échelle du paysage. La demande en services écosystémiques à quant à elle été étudiée par l'intermédiaire d'entretiens individuels et de groupes avec les acteurs locaux ainsi que des jeux de rôle avec les éleveurs de la commune. La co-construction de scénarios prospectifs avec les acteurs locaux ont permis d'étudier l'évolution de l'offre et la demande en services à un horizon 2030. / The ecosystem service (ES) concept is increasingly used in different scientific disciplines and is spreading into policy and business circles to draw attention to the benefits that people receive from biodiversity and ecosystems. Nevertheless, while the number of case studies considering various dimensions of the interactions between ecosystems and land use via ES has been steadily increasing, integrated research addressing interrelationships between biodiversity, ES and land use has remained mostly theoretical. This thesis aims through a socio-ecological approach to understand: (1) Which ES are potentially delivered given ecological dynamics, (2) how these ES are perceived by stakeholders in terms of value and knowledge, (3) how human management affects ES delivery, and (4) how ES are taken into account in land management decisions, thereby considering feedbacks from ecosystem to the land use system through ES. To address these questions, an interdisciplinary study was conducted on Villar d'Arène (French Alps) a municipality where the subalpine landscape is shaped by extensive mountain livestock farming. Statistical modelling and geographical information systems where combined to analyse the determinants of the spatial distribution of biodiversity and ES within the landscape using ecological (including plant functional traits), biophysical and land-use data. The following ES were mapped: agronomic value, aesthetic value, water quality, carbon storage, soil fertility, soil moisture, conservation of plant diversity and pollination. These allowed us to quantify trade-offs and synergies in the current landscape and to identify key management types supporting multifunctionality. The dynamics of ES was projected under four different scenarios integrating climatic, socio-economic and land-use changes, which were developed using a participative approach with regional experts and local farmers. Analyses of projected scenario impacts showed that ES synergies and trade-offs evolve differently when considering direct effects of climate on ecosystems, and/or their indirect effects through farmers adaptive responses. Interviews with local stakeholders (experts from nature conservation and agricultural extension, farmers and inhabitants) of mountain grasslands showed that the ES concept is still relatively unknown in explicit terms. Nevertheless after defining ES to interviewees, they expressed a variety of relevant interests and knowledge. Although all stakeholders valued a common set of ecosystem services (agronomic value, aesthetic value, water quality, and conservation of plant diversity), we identified negative and positive representations of the effects of grassland management on ecosystem services, depending on stakeholders perceptions of the relationships between soil fertility and biodiversity, and biodiversity and the other services. Finally, a role-playing game explored how ES cognition mediated environmental feedbacks on farmers' behaviours. Results emphasized the influence of other factors such as socio-economic or climatic context, topographic constraints, social value of farming or farmer individual and household characteristics, on the link between ES and land-management decisions. This case study demonstrates the interest of an integrated approach decomposing the feedback loop from ecosystems to land use when studying ES for scientific or policy purposes.

Esta tese tem como tema o conjunto de recursos comuns naturais e os formatos de gestão que permitem novos sistemas de governança nos espaços rurais no entorno de áreas protegidas. Como questão central, busca responder como os diversos atores afetados pelo processo de criação de uma área protegida organizam-se e desenvolvem ações coletivas para a gestão dos recursos comuns no entorno destas áreas. Têm-se como hipótese que há uma aproximação entre os atores conforme seus objetivos em relação aos recursos comuns naturais, o que remete a configuração de um novo sistema de governança que propicia o desenvolvimento de ações coletivas próprias de gestão dos recursos comuns. Outra hipótese é que a ação do Estado, por meio de políticas governamentais, apresenta efeito limitado na coordenação das ações e na promoção do consenso entre os atores. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a ação coletiva dos atores sociais na gestão dos recursos comuns no entorno do Parque Nacional da Serra da Bodoquena (PNSB), o qual abrange áreas dos municípios de Bodoquena, Bonito, Jardim e Porto Murtinho no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Por meio da abordagem institucional no estudo da auto-organização e autogovernança em situações de gestão do conjunto de recursos comuns desenvolvida por Elinor Ostrom, buscou-se a fundamentação teórica para explicação dos fenômenos e problemática identificada. Metodologicamente trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo e documental, a qual apresenta um delineamento de estudo de caso small-N, aplicando-se o framework para análise de sistemas sócio-ecológicos (SES), procedendo-se também uma sistemática análise documental próxima à meta-análise. Conclui-se que a esperada mobilização de grupos de indivíduos em busca de objetivos comuns encontra duas vertentes neste caso, com os participantes da arena de ação criando distintos objetivos e distintas ações coletivas de acordo com seus interesses, produtivos ou ambientais, sendo que governo dos comuns permanece sob o controle dos interesses produtivistas arraigados na cultura de produção agropecuária local. / This thesis has as its theme the common natural resources and the management models that allow new governance systems in the rural areas in the surrounding of protected areas. As central question, seeks to answer how the various actors affected by the process of creation of a protected area organise themselves and develop collective actions for the management of common natural resources in the surroundings of this area. There has been hypothesised that there is a closeness among the actors as their goals in relation to common natural resources, which refers to setting up a new governance system that promotes the development of collective actions specific to the management of common resources. Another hypothesis is that state action, through government policies, has limited effect on the coordination and promotion toward a consensus among actors. In this sense, the objective of this work is to study the collective action of social actors in the management of common natural resources in the surroundings of the National Park of Serra da Bodoquena (PNSB), which covers areas of the municipalities of Bodoquena, Bonito, Jardim and Porto Murtinho in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Based on institutional approach for the study of the self-organisation and self-governance in common-pool resources situations developed by Elinor Ostrom, the investigation sought the theoretical explanation of phenomena and problem identified. Methodologically this is a documentary and field research, which has a feature of small-N case of study, proceeding an applying of the framework for analysing social-ecological systems (SES), conducting also a systematic analysis of documents close to a meta-analysis. The conclusions point out that the expected mobilisation of groups of individuals in the pursuit of common goals is twofold in this case, with the participants of the action arena creating different goals and different collective actions according to their interests, environmental or productive, and that the govern of the commons remains under the control of agribusiness interests rooted in the culture of the local agricultural production.

No Nordeste do Brasil, o estuário do Rio São Francisco apresenta extensas áreas de manguezais (32 km2) cujos recursos são utilizados por populações humanas. Este estudo considerou a metodologia de sistemas sócio-ecológicos complexos para analisar a pesca nos manguezais desse estuário, com ênfase no caranguejo Ucides cordatus. Por meio da integração de dados de diferentes áreas (etnobiologia, levantamentos socioeconômicos, estrutura populacional do caranguejo, características da vegetação, arranjo espacial da paisagem, sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento) em uma análise multicritério foi determina e mapeada a aptidão dos manguezais para a conservação e a pesca dessa espécie. Uma diversidade de recursos pesqueiros do manguezal (por exemplo, peixes, caranguejos e moluscos), constitui a principal base da economia de subsistência local, em que o caranguejo U. cordatus é o mais importante. As populações locais possuem um vasto conhecimento sobre o tamanho populacional e corporal, ciclo de vida, diferenciação sexual e habitat dessa espécie, e aplicam práticas conservacionistas no uso da redinha. A estrutura populacional do caranguejo revelou um alto potencial pesqueiro, com maior abundância de caranguejos de tamanho comercial do que os de tamanho não comercial. Os manguezais mais aptos para a conservação de U. cordatus (9,4 km2) estão localizados próximos à foz e apresentam alta abundância de caranguejos não comerciais, baixa densidade de caranguejos comerciais e baixo grau de utilização para a pesca. Os manguezais mais aptos para a pesca (10,2 km2) estão distantes da foz e apresentam alta abundância de caranguejos de tamanho comercial, baixa densidade de caranguejos em tamanho não comercial, caranguejos grandes, médio a alto grau de uso e estão próximos aos povoados. Os mapas de aptidão gerados podem auxiliar as agências governamentais no delineamento de áreas extrativistas e de exclusão da pesca, como sugerido no Plano Nacional de Gestão para o Uso Sustentável do Caranguejo-uçá / In Northeastern Brazil, the São Francisco River Estuary comprises a significant mangrove area (32 km2) used by local human populations. This study considered the framework of socio-ecological systems to analyze the mangrove fishery in this estuary, with emphasis on the crab Ucides cordatus. By the integration of data from different fields (etnobiology and socio-economic surveys, crab population structure, vegetation features, landscape arrangement, remote sensing and geoprocessing) in a multi-criteria analysis, we determined and mapped the suitability of the mangroves for the conservation and fishery of this species. We found that a diversity of mangrove fisheries (e.g. fish, crabs and mollusks) constitute the main base of the local subsistence economy, wherein the Ucides cordatus is the most important. The local populations have a substantial knowledge about this crab population and body sizes, life cycle, sexual differentiation, behavior and habitat, and apply conservation practices in the use of the \"redinha\". The population structure of the crab U. cordatus revealed a high fishery potential, with higher abundance (frequency and density) of crabs in commercial size than the non-commercial sized crabs. The mangroves more suitable for the crab conservation (9.4 km2) are those close to the river mouth, showing high abundance of non-commercial crabs, low density of commercial crabs and low degree of use for fishery. On the other hand, the mangroves more suitable for the crab fishery (10.2 km2) are those located far from to river mouth, showing high density and frequency of crabs in commercial size, low density of crabs in non-commercial size, big sized crabs, medium to high degree of use, and are close to the fishery villages. The maps of suitability can aid government agencies in delineating extractive and fishery exclusion areas, as stated by the Proposal of a National Management Plan for this crab, in order to achieve a sustainable fishery

Dissertação (mestrado)-Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Ambiental, Instituto de Educação, 2010. / Submitted by Luize Santos (lui_rg@hotmail.com) on 2012-07-04T00:52:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Aline Pinto Amorim.pdf: 1324190 bytes, checksum: 633e005c5e1361cccd8aa7490fc570f1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2012-07-07T21:50:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Aline Pinto Amorim.pdf: 1324190 bytes, checksum: 633e005c5e1361cccd8aa7490fc570f1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-07T21:50:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aline Pinto Amorim.pdf: 1324190 bytes, checksum: 633e005c5e1361cccd8aa7490fc570f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Esta dissertação versa sobre a investigação vinculada à linha de pesquisa “FEA: Fundamentos da Educação Ambiental do PPGEA/FURG”, sendo um estudo acerca da formação dos estudantes da primeira turma do Curso Técnico em Meio Ambiente do Colégio Estadual Lemos Júnior, situado no município de Rio Grande-RS, a fim de compreender se a Educação Ambiental e a Educação Profissional Técnica de Nível Médio, especialmente a Área Profissional Meio Ambiente, orientam a formação no sentido de preparar o profissional para as responsabilidades frente à crise sócioecológico- ambiental vigente, levando em conta a existência (ou não) da preocupação ambiental, de acordo com a proposta do PPGEA - Programa de Pós- Graduação em Educação Ambiental da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, nos estudos científicos e tecnológicos que norteiam a formação do profissional técnico de nível médio. A metodologia utilizada é a pesquisa qualitativa aliada às contribuições teórico-metodológicas do paradigma da complexidade na proposta de Edgar Morin, que possibilitaram a compreensão dos dados os quais se constituem das diretrizes legais nacionais para a educação profissional técnica de nível médio, o plano de curso da escola pesquisada e entrevista realizada com quatro alunos da primeira turma em formação. No decorrer da pesquisa estruturamos os capítulos a fim de mostrar a compreensão que temos acerca das relações que permeiam a formação do técnico, incluindo o contexto da educação profissional no Brasil, as principais mudanças na política pública de ensino para esta área, o estigma da formação de técnicos em função da mão de obra necessária ao mercado a fim de entender como histórica e culturalmente se deu este caminho. Além disso, procuramos mostrar a visão de EA de forma institucionalizada a qual norteia as políticas públicas da educação com relação à inclusão desta modalidade nos currículos. Também a proposta de EA apresentada pelo PPGEA na perspectiva da formação de cidadãos crítico-superadores da crise ambiental. Sendo que outros aspectos referidos são questões relacionadas ao currículo e também à crise ambiental de modo mais específico relacionando às questões de ciência, educação e tecnologia. Em nossa análise importou refletir sobre a questão da formação e suas relações com a EA, de modo que são apontados limites que estão voltados para a organização curricular fragmentada que visualizamos desde a proposta do Catálogo Nacional de Cursos Técnicos até a organização do Plano de Curso no qual pudemos observar uma estrutura nitidamente disciplinar. A preocupação com a EA permeando o currículo da formação de técnicos em meio ambiente e o papel desse profissional perante a crise foram as bases das relações estabelecidas durante a pesquisa, visando a complexidade das relações do sujeito com a técnica, sociedade e meio ambiente. As entrevistas, realizadas com alunos egressos, permitiram corroborar a reflexão que aponta para a inadequação de um currículo disciplinar, o qual despontencializa as possibilidades da EA na formação dos técnicos. / This dissertation is the investigation linked to the research line "FEA: Fundamentals of Environmental Education PPGE / FURG", being a study on the formation of the first group of students from the Technical Course on Environment of the State College Lemos Jr, located in the city Rio Grande-RS, in order to understand whether the Environmental Education and Vocational Technical High School, especially the Professional Area Environment, guide the training to prepare for professional responsibilities in the crisis socio-ecological-environmental regulations taking into account the existence (or not) of environmental concern, according to the proposal of PPGEA - Graduate Program in Environmental Education, Federal University of Rio Grande, in scientific and technological studies that guide the formation of the professional technician level. The methodology used is qualitative research combined with the theoretical and methodological paradigm of complexity in the proposed Edgar Morin, who provided an understanding of the data which constitute the legal guidelines for national professional technical high school education, the course plan the school studied and interviews conducted with four students from the first class in training. During the research we structured the chapters to show the understanding we have about the relationships that underlie the formation of the coach, including the context of professional education in Brazil, the major changes in public policy education for this area, the stigma of training technicians according to the manpower required to market in order to understand how culturally and historically happened this way. Also, try to show the vision of an institutionalized form of EA which guides the public educational policy regarding the inclusion of this modality in the curricula. Also the proposal presented by EA PPGEA with regard to formation of citizen-super critical environmental crisis. Since other aspects mentioned are issues related to curriculum and also to the environmental crisis and more specifically relates to issues of science, education and technology. In our analysis we cared to reflect on the issue of training and its relationship with EA, so we point out limits that are directed to visualize fragmented curriculum proposal from the National Catalogue of Vocational Courses to the organization of the Course Plan which we could observe a clearly disciplinary structure. The concern with EA permeating the curriculum of the training of technicians in the environment and the role of a trader before the crisis were the basis of relationships established during the research, aiming at the complexity of the subject's relations with technology, society and environment. The interviews conducted with former students, allowed to corroborate the reflection that points to the inadequacy of a disciplinary curriculum, which not optimizes the possibilities of EA in the training of technicians.

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No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Fernando Bilhalva Vitoria_Tese.pdf: 1479174 bytes, checksum: f3067ee1efd28b165ce75beef7957896 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / A presente tese sobre “A crise socioecológica no labirinto do capital: uma análise das relações entre humanidade e natureza a partir dos conceitos de entropia e sociometabolismo” tem como ponto de partida o cenário de crise do capitalismo atual, que, em termos históricos, espalhou-se por todas as partes do globo sob o domínio da mercadoria. Ela é perceptível tanto em temos sociais, no desemprego estrutural e na precarização do trabalho, como em termos ecológicos, indo desde a desestruturação dos solos pela agricultura industrial e homogênea até o aquecimento global, com previsões catastróficas para o presente e para o futuro. Esta relação-limite revela, de algum modo, o que Marx chamou de rachadura ou falha metabólica sob as relações produtivas e sociais, a partir do mando do modo de produção capitalista, ou o que Georgescu-Roegen chamou de processo entrópico da irreversibilidade. Com ênfase na síntese destas duas perspectivas teóricas, a tese se situa na problemática da existência de uma crise socioecológica profunda, onde o fundamento teórico-prático desta; repousa no sociometabolismo, no sentido marxista, e na noção de entropia, a partir da bioeconomia, como uma poderosa ferramenta de interpretação e compreensão qualitativa das relações sociais e ambientais no presente tempo com “Um todo manifesto”. A tese visa, assim, contribuir para o campo das ciências humanas na pretensão de propor uma visão ampla e criteriosa das relações entre a humanidade e a natureza e do papel da educação frente a este processo, para além das tramas do capital e da ideologia do desenvolvimento verde. A estrutura da tese consiste num aprofundamento do pensamento de Marx sobre a natureza e o metabolismo, e da questão da entropia em Georgescu-Roegen, bem como da evidência teórico-prática destas duas visões de mundo. Para tanto, ela propõe um todo estruturado para a análise da crise socioecológica: No primeiro capítulo, no marco teórico, recorrendo ao pensamento de Georgescu-Roegen e Marx; no segundo, a dupla visão da crise e os limites do desenvolvimento verde; no terceiro, a historicidade da crise a partir da evolução do metabolismo, até o papel dos sujeitos e da educação como uma das dimensões necessárias para outro sistema metabólico/entrópico e conciliatório entre a humanidade e a natureza no quarto capítulo, onde o metabolismo e a entropia se articulam como um salto de qualidade. / This thesis about "The socio-ecological crisis in the capital labyrinth: an analysis of the relationship between humanity and nature from the concepts of entropy and socio-metabolism" has as its starting point the crisis scenario of the current capitalism, which, in a historical sense, has spread itself all over the world under the domain of the goods. It can be noticed in two ways. The first one is in social terms in cases as structural unemployment and work precariousness, the other one is in ecological terms ranging from soil disruption by industrial and homogeneous agriculture to global warming, with catastrophic forecasts for the present and for the future. This limit relationship reveals, somehow, what Marx called metabolic failure or crack under the productive and social relationships, from the behest of the capitalist production way, or what Georgescu-Roegen called entropic process of irreversibility. Emphasizing the synthesis of these two theoretical perspectives, the thesis lies on the questioning about the existence of a deep socio-ecological crisis, where its theoretical and practical ground lies on socio-metabolism. It is in the Marxist sense, and in the notion of entropy, from the bio-economy, as a powerful tool to have a qualitative interpretation and comprehension of the social and environmental relations in this time with "A whole manifesto". Thus, the thesis aims to contribute to the field of human sciences and intends to propose a careful and wide vision of the relationships between humanity and nature as well as the role of education facing this process, beyond the capital plots and the ideology of green development. The structure of the thesis is a deepening of Marx's thought about nature and metabolism, and the entropy issue in Georgescu-Roegen, as well as the theoretical and practical evidence of these two worldviews. To do so, it proposes a whole structured to analyze the socio-ecological crisis. In the first chapter, in the theoretical framework, using the thought of Georgescu-Roegen and Marx. In the second one, the double vision of the crisis and the limits of green development. In the third chapter, the historicity of the crisis from the metabolism evolution to the role of subject and education as one of the necessary dimensions for other metabolic/entropic and conciliatory system between humanity and nature. Finally in the fourth chapter, where metabolism and entropy are articulated as a leap in quality.

There is an overall consensus that the poor governance and corruption plaguing many developing nations are main inhibitors to progress. These inhibitors also lead to the overwhelming feelings of desperation, apathy, and determinism. International development assistance programs utilizing capacity building have been created to deal with sustainable development issues in the developing world. Often these programs are fragmented and address results, not the causes, of problems. This study assesses how existing community development approaches could be aided through a strategic sustainable development perspective. A majority of the research involved creation of a holistic innovative community development approach, which encourages transformational change and effective leadership, and comparison of that to an existing community development approach. Strengths and limitations were observed through this comparison and generic recommendations were created to support current approaches. The study found that existing development assistance strategies are effective at building capacity and helping communities, but encompassing a more holistic perspective could align planning and decision-making with socio-ecological sustainability and thereby support mid- and long-term progress.

Awareness of extreme high tide flooding in coastal communities has been increasing in recent years, reflecting growing concern over accelerated sea level rise. As a low-lying, urban coastal community with high value real estate, Miami often tops the rankings of cities worldwide in terms of vulnerability to sea level rise. Understanding perceptions of these changes and how communities are dealing with the impacts reveals much about vulnerability to climate change and the challenges of adaptation. This empirical study uses an innovative mixed-methods approach that combines ethnographic observations of high tide flooding, qualitative interviews and analysis of tidal data to reveal coping strategies used by residents and businesses as well as perceptions of sea level rise and climate change, and to assess the relationship between measurable sea levels and perceptions of flooding. I conduct a case study of Miami Beach’s storm water master planning process which included sea level rise projections, one of the first in the nation to do so, that reveals the different and sometimes competing logics of planners, public officials, activists, residents and business interests with regards to climate change adaptation. By taking a deeply contextual account of hazards and adaptation efforts in a local area I demonstrate how this approach can be effective at shedding light on some of the challenges posed by anthropogenic climate change and accelerated rates of sea level rise. The findings highlight challenges for infrastructure planning in low-lying, urban coastal areas, and for individual risk assessment in the context of rapidly evolving discourse about the threat of sea level rise. Recognition of the trade-offs and limits of incremental adaptation strategies point to transformative approaches, at the same time highlighting equity concerns in adaptation governance and planning. This new impact assessment method contributes to the integration of social and physical science approaches to climate change, resulting in improved understanding of socio-ecological vulnerability to environmental change.

La circulation des flux de matières et d’énergie reflète aussi bien le fonctionnement de la biosphère que celui des sociétés humaines. L’écologie industrielle, dans son approche territoriale, interpelle ces interactions socioécologiques au sein d’un espace géographique et participe ainsi à la définition et à la structuration de l’espace en territoire. Par une approche expérimentale déclinée sur les espaces portuaires, nous cherchons à rendre manifeste, pour la valider et mieux l’appréhender, cette dynamique de configuration du territoire en écologie industrielle. Le territoire constitue une matrice complexe, composée de représentations et de pratiques, manifestées dans le discours des acteurs. A partir de l’étude de 21 cas portuaires d’écologie industrielle à l’échelle internationale, 9 modèles territoriaux ont été proposés pour l’observer et la décrypter. Déclinés dans l’espace portuaire de Marseille-Fos, ces modèles permettent la production et l’interprétation des discours des acteurs de la démarche d’écologie industrielle en vue d’identifier les modalités de construction territoriale à l’œuvre et de construire une configuration du territoire à l’interface des représentations et pratiques des acteurs. Cette expérimentation met en évidence un phénomène d’imbrication territoriale de l’écologie industrielle et la participation de celle-ci à une dynamique territorialité-territorialisation structurante de la construction territoriale. Elle propose ainsi une définition socioécologique du territoire, distinguant des biotopes et des niches occupés par des acteurs, dont les interactions appellent à un renouvellement de la gouvernance portuaire de l’écologie industrielle. / The circulation of material and energy flows reflects the functioning of both biosphere and human societies. Industrial ecology, in its territorial approach, questions these socioecological interactions within a geographical area. It contributes to the definition and structuration of land into territory. Through an experimental approach led upon port areas, the aim is to reveal this dynamic of territorial configuration in industrial ecology. Territory constitutes a complex matrix of representations and practices, uncovered in actors’ speeches. From the analysis of 21 industrial ecology port case studies at an international scale, 9 territorial patterns are defined in order to observe and interprete this dynamic. Implemented in Marseille-Fos port area, these patterns allow the production and the interpretation of actors’ speeches in order to identify the territorial construction modes and to build a common territorial configuration, at the interface of actors’ representations and practices. This experimentation highlights a territorial embeddedness phenomenon for industrial ecology. It reveales industrial ecology’s contribution to a “territoriality-territorialisation” dynamic, leading to territorial configuration. It thus proposes a socioecological definition of territory, identifying biotopes and niches occupied by different actors. The overlapping of these biotopes and niches questions the evolution of port governance for the implementation of industrial ecology.

Current approaches of anthropogenic impact on the ecosystems and ecosystem services are within the scope of this master's thesis. The aim of the thesis is, on the basis of current landscape classifications, landscape typologies, and their combination with approaches of ecosystem services classification, to appoint socio-ecological units as functional socio-ecological types of the territory. In other words, on the basis of classification listed, this thesis attempts to prove, that socio-ecological units are functional socio-ecological types of the territory, which should be given proper attention. Socio-ecological landscapes are defined according to degree of anthropogenic impact, selected socioeconomic characteristics, and selected ecosystem services. The thesis focuses on three of four categories of ecosystem services defined in Millennium Ecosystem Assessment - provisioning services, regulating services, and cultural services. As a methodology, the quantitative research was chosen. The research was carried out by data collection and the analysis of statistical data of Czech Statistical Office, Czech Office for Surveying, Mapping and Cadastre, and Statistical Yearbook of Soil Services. The thesis main finding is that social and ecological components of socio-ecological systems are in mutual...