Ce travail porte sur les justices seigneuriales des environs de Paris entre le règne personnel de Louis XIV, moment de réforme des ressorts des justices à l’intérieur de la capitale, de la création de la Lieutenance générale de Police et de l’Ordonnance criminelle de 1670, jusqu’à leur suppression au début de la Révolution française. Grâce aux documents seigneuriaux, des institutions monarchiques, des notaires et aux documents produits dans les tribunaux locaux, j’étudie les prérogatives de ces justices, leur organisation matérielle, leur personnel, leurs rapports avec les justiciables pour l’enregistrement et l’instruction des crimes, et ce que les crimes nous apprennent sur les relations entre les hommes autour de Paris. / This PhD deals with seigneurial justices around Paris between the personal reign of Louis XIV, moment of reform in administration of Paris and in criminal procedure, and the beginning of the French Revolution. Numerous types of documents have been used: documents from seigneurial papers, royal institutions, notaries and seigneurial justices. I oriented my researches on the way these justices worked, the links between the judges and the people, and how crimes’ features can inform us about the society.

O filme Short Cuts - Cenas da Vida (1993), do diretor norte-americano Robert Altman (1925-2006), foi baseado numa coletânea de contos do escritor Raymond Carver (1938- 1988). Nosso trabalho tem por objetivo o estudo dos modos pelos quais são figurados, no filme de Altman, os processos de virtualização da realidade e de fragmentação sóciohistórica (bem como suas possíveis causas) reinantes na sociedade contemporânea norteamericana e facilmente reconhecíveis em outras sociedades do mundo globalizado, inclusive na brasileira. Short Cuts se passa nos subúrbios da cidade de Los Angeles, metrópole socialmente fragmentada, caracterizada pela invasão da mídia em todos os domínios e assolada pela violência. Procuramos fazer um levantamento da fortuna crítica escrita sobre o filme e percebemos que os críticos se mostraram parcialmente equivocados em suas interpretações pela utilização de categorias inapropriadas para interpretá-lo, posto que ele está estruturado com base em preceitos épicos, ao invés de dramáticos, como a maioria da crítica pressupôs. Em seguida, tentamos analisar, a partir da tradição seguida por teóricos como Walter Benjamin, Fredric Jameson, Raymond Williams, Peter Szondi e Susan Willis, dentre outros, determinados aspectos do filme que demonstram não apenas a ideologia dominante e as crises cíclicas enfrentadas pelo sistema capitalista de produção, como também o desejo pela coletividade. Altman, valendo-se de técnicas como a rima visual e a filmagem através de superfícies, procura mostrar as conexões inevitáveis entre personagens que acreditam estar isoladas umas das outras, demonstrando, assim, o caráter ideológico da virtualização e da fragmentação. / Directed by Robert Altman (1925-2006), the film Short Cuts (1993) was based on a compilation of short stories written by Raymond Carver (1938-1988). Our work\'s objective is to study the means through which the processes of reality\'s virtualization and sociohistorical fragmentation, largely diffused in contemporary societies, are figured in Altman\'s film. Short Cuts is set on the suburbs of Los Angeles, a socially fragmented metropolis, characterized by the media invasion in all domains and fraught with violence. We have attempted to gather some thoughts that the critics have expressed toward the film, and we have noticed that their interpretations have proven to be partially mistaken, due to the use of improper categories to interpret it, considering that Altman\'s film is structured upon epic categories rather than dramatic ones, unlike most critics presupposed. We have also tried to analyze, based on the tradition followed by theoreticians such as Walter Benjamin, Fredric Jameson, Raymond Williams, Peter Szondi and Susan Willis, to name a few, certain aspects of the film that not only demonstrate the dominating ideology and the cyclic crises faced by the capitalist mode of production, but also the desire for collectivity. Through techniques such as the visual rhyme and the filming through surfaces, Altman attempts to show the inevitable connections between characters who believe to be isolated from each other, thus demonstrating the ideological essence of both virtualization and fragmentation.

This thesis examines the ways in which the Daily Mail Ideal Home Exhibition educated (, and entertained the public in the first half of the twentieth century by promoting a modern way of life, helping to establish a commercial culture of homemaking. By exploring the ways in which the Exhibition represented popular conceptions of the 'modern' within their social and historical contexts, the thesis challenges the dominance of Modernist aesthetics and values on writing on design, architecture and consumption. Chapter one explores the unease felt by a particular group of writers towards the Ideal Home Exhibition, which it locates in relation to a wider intellectual condemnation of modernity and suburbia. Chapter two looks at the founding of the Exhibition by the Daily Mail in 1908. Chapter three analyses how the Daily Mail and the Exhibition constructed an 'ideal audience' and why the idea of an 'ideal home' was so appealing. Chapter four looks at the ways in which ideas about 'labour-saving', which were part of a concern with national efficiency that drew on the doctrines of scientific management, have constructed the 'ideal home' as a site of change and experimentation. Chapter five explores how the 'Tudorbethan' semi and the popular appropriation of the Modern Movement in the Exhibition represented tensions between the longings for the past and aspirations for the future. Chapter six investigates the representation of non-English peoples and places and the display of Empire in the Exhibition. Chapter seven looks at how the Exhibition addressed the question of the 'house that women want', focusing on the actual participation of women in the Exhibition, as 'natural' experts and paid professionals. Chapter eight makes some conclusions on the ways in which the audience's experience of 'suburban modernity' in the Exhibition was dependent on the interaction of the themes outlined in the earlier chapters. The thesis ends with a review of the past, present and future of the Ideal Home Exhibition.

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L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier trois romans écrits par des auteurs anglophones du Pakistan ou de l'Inde, à savoir Bapsi Sidhwa, Bharati Mukherjee et Hanif Kureishi. On pourrait être tenté de placer les trois écrivains de cette étude dans la catégorie «littérature des immigrants». Ils écrivent tous à un moment de migration de masse lorsque l'idée de «choc culturel» parmi les peuples occidentaux commence à être plus évidente. Les trois écrivains sont affectés par des thèmes qui apparaissent seulement de manière marginale dans le débat évoqué ci-dessus, l'accent étant principalement mis sur les difficultés culturelles et sociales des femmes dans la société indo-pakistanaise. Quant à Kureishi, la polarisation mentionnée ci-dessus suppose un accent très différent, impliquant la situation d'un Asiatique né et élevé dans la société occidentale. Dans cette évaluation globale du contexte idéologique et historique commun aux trois écrivains, il sera important d'examiner les attitudes spécifiques adoptées par chaque écrivain par rapport à son expérience personnelle. L'objectif principal de cette étude sera donc thématique, en se concentrant sur les préoccupations spécifiques de ces écrivains et sur la manière dont cela se manifeste dans leur représentation particulière des tensions en jeu. / The objective of this thesis is to study three novels written by English-speaking authors of Pakistan or India, namely Bapsi Sidhwa, Bharati Mukherjee and Hanif Kureishi. One might be tempted to place the three writers of this study in the category of "literature of immigrants." They all write at a time of mass migration when the idea of "cultural shock" among Western peoples begins to be more evident. All three writers are affected by themes which appear only marginally in the debate evoked above, much of the emphasis being on the cultural and social difficulties of women in Indo-Pakistani society. As for Kureishi, the polarization mentioned above assumes a very different emphasis, involving the situation of an Asian born and brought up inside Western society. Within this overall assessment of the ideological and historical context common to all three writers, it will thus be important to examine the specific attitudes adopted by each writer in relation to his or her own personal experience. The main focus of this study will therefore be thematic, centering on these writers’ specific preoccupations and the way this is seen in their peculiar depiction of the tensions at stake.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:12:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tatiana Rovina Castro Pereira.pdf: 81071198 bytes, checksum: 689cb6a2ac9a3f6748d1d1acb583468a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation aims at studying the systems of interaction, sense and visibility that constitute the floodplain soccer practice in São Paulo city. In order to do so, citizens, communities and the city are understood as texts (in the semiotic comprehension of the term) as well as subjects involved in the interactive dynamics of the narrative significant that this type of soccer practice constitutes, bringing meaning in itself. It is intended to comprehend the construction of new meanings of this type of sports practice in practical life, which is done by several citizens in São Paulo city, especially in suburbia areas. Taking this type of soccer practice as the object of this study, the following question is proposed: how do subjects and communities of São Paulo city interact, build sense, show and see themselves through this type of soccer practice? Which interactions, senses and visibilities are constituted? The hypothesis is that this practice presents for the subject, the pairs (other subjects and communities) and the city beyond (and within) the floodplain identities and values which move these citizens in the relation with the city. The study is based theoretically on the Discursive Semiotics of A. J. Greimas and followers (with special focus on the works of D.L.P. Barros e J.L. Fiorin), the Sociosemiotics of E. Landowski and the Plastic Semiotic approach of A.C. de Oliveira, based on J-M. Floch. The corpus comprehends a historical research of soccer (and the several types of soccer which were constituted in São Paulo city, including the floodplain soccer practice) and the experience with the object in action and relation from 2010 to 2012, in the following competitions: Kaiser Cup of Amateur Soccer and Peace Cup Dreher, as well as in the Palmeirinha do Paraisópolis floodplain soccer team. The conclusion is that these subjects express, through the floodplain soccer practice, the values that rule their existence, in their life narratives. By re-semanticizing the sport which is Brazilians favorite , these players, supporters and community dwellers interact, feel and constitute a living shared among equals, enjoying the same way of life in the city. The new media destinators capitalized in the floodplain soccer practice in São Paulo city, such as Kaiser and Dreher, produce changes in the dynamics of sense production / O presente trabalho estuda os regimes de interação, sentido e visibilidade que fazem-ser e ver a prática do futebol de várzea na cidade de São Paulo. Para tal, se consideram os cidadãos, as comunidades e a metrópole como textos (na acepção semiótica do termo) e como sujeitos imbricados nas dinâmicas interativas da significante narrativa que é a modalidade varzeana, pela qual se fazem apreender, além da visão, pelo conjunto dos sentidos. Pretende-se compreender as ressemantizações de uma prática esportiva em específica prática de vida, que é o jogar futebol de várzea, efetuado por milhares de paulistanos, especialmente nas periferias. Tomando-se como objeto esta forma do esporte, busca-se responder: como sujeitos e comunidades de São Paulo interagem, fazem sentido, se fazem-ver e são feitos-ver pelo futebol de várzea? E quais as interações, sentidos e visibilidades que se fazem? A hipótese é a de que essa prática presentifica para si mesmo, seus pares (outros sujeitos e comunidades) e a cidade além (e aquém) da várzea identidades e valores que movem esses paulistanos na relação com a metrópole. O estudo adota como referencial teórico a Semiótica Discursiva desenvolvida por A.J. Greimas e seguidores (especialmente as colaborações de D.L.P. de Barros e J.L. Fiorin), a Sociossemiótica de E. Landowski e a abordagem da Semiótica Plástica realizada por A.C. de Oliveira, na esteira de J-M. Floch. O corpus compreende a pesquisa histórica do futebol (e dos diversos futebois que foram feitos-ser em São Paulo, incluindo a modalidade varzeana) e a vivência do objeto, em ato e em relação, nos anos de 2010 a 2012, pelas competições Copa Kaiser de Futebol Amador, Copa da Paz Dreher e ainda pelo time Palmeirinha do Paraisópolis. A conclusão é que tais paulistanos, nas suas narrativas de vida, enunciam pelo futebol de várzea os valores que regem sua existência. Ressemantizando o esporte que é paixão do brasileiro , esses jogadores, torcedores e moradores interagem, sentem e (se) fazem-ver um viver partilhado entre iguais, desfrutando um mesmo modo de vida na capital paulista. Os novos destinadores midiáticos capitalizados do futebol de várzea de São Paulo, como Kaiser e Dreher, fazem-sentir mudanças nas dinâmicas de geração de sentidos

Density is more about an experienced nearness to functions and activities than buildingsbeing physically close to each other. Density is interaction, and the intensity of itdepends on accessibility to the functions and activities of the built environment. The current planning, continuing the thoughts of the modernist, are a threat to publichealth and the environment, as sprawling settlements demand more resources forinfrastructure and time spent commuting between home and work, taking up the timeto spend with family and friends. The suburban planning principles of the Swedish housing estate unit have graduallytransformed the suburban neighbourhoods into dispersed, disconnected islands, wheresocial life is inhibited in the mere configuration of space. Legibility of the urban environment is important regarding orientation and navigation,but also to understand the underlying meanings of spaces and places. The urbanstructure should be easily read to be understandable in the choices of everyday life. How we understand the boundaries and transitions of our surrounding affects howspaces are used. Unclear territorial interfaces, like the open space landscape ofmodernist planning feels too exposed to be appropriated. If activities should take placein the outdoor environment, there must be a certain quality to the spaces that areinviting and promote interaction between people. The suburban housing estate neighbourhoods can be developed to promote thisinteraction, providing spaces where the different layers of social life can take place, fromthe private home – through mediating interfaces of front yards, indoor collective spaceand collective gardens – to the public realm of the streets, pathways and parks. The thesis studies the suburban neighbourhood Årsta in eastern Uppsala, whichshows the signs of a disperse suburban housing estate in its configuration of buildings,withdrawn from the streets, turning inward away from the public spaces. By adding built volume within the existing structure of the open yards, the boundariesbetween the public and the private spaces can be clearly defined and new activatedspaces can be created. Many fronts towards the streets and paths make people meet inevery-day life and new types of spaces can be used to set a framework for interactionbetween residents as well as outsiders. Such spaces can also work as a buffer betweenpublic life and the private dwelling, e.g. a collective garden mediates the space inbetween a pedestrian path and an inner yard.

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An attempt to save the city of Detroit, Michigan, and its existing buildings by giving it a new meaning and future. Cars and roads are eliminated. Tiger Stadium is converted into a city-wide freight receiving and shipping facility. A system of pneumatic tubes is implemented in each neighborhood, with a district tube router facility inside the LaFayette Tower. Apartments vitalize the landmark Fisher Building. A new multi-storey research/ education/ work station with more stairs then elevators fills in an old parking lot. / Master of Architecture