Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur genus framställs i tio utvalda bilderböcker. Urvalet av de böcker som analyserats, skedde genom att två bibliotek tog fram information kring vilka de mest utlånade bilderböckerna år 2020 var bland barn i åldern 3–6 år, relaterat till de äldre barnen i förskolan. Studien utgörs av en hermeneutisk textanalys ur ett genusperspektiv. Bilderböckerna bearbetades sedan utifrån flera analysfrågor vid flertalet tillfällen för att se hur barnlitteraturen framställer genus utifrån relevant teori och vad tidigare forskning har visat på.  Vår slutsats är att bilderböcker till stora delar skildrar genus utifrån de stereotyper genusteorier pekar på och tidigare forskning visar, antingen i text, bild eller i ikonotexten. Denna slutsats baserar vi på de könsstereotypa karaktärer och miljöer som vi har funnit i de analyserade böckerna. De böcker som har pojkar som huvudrollsinnehavare genererar en berättelse som är snabb och händelserik i jämförelse med när flickor har huvudrollen. Karaktärernas egenskaper förstärker de traditionella könsmönstren oavsett om karaktärerna är djur eller människor. Bilderna i böckerna är de som många gånger förstärker könsstereotyper exempelvis genom färger eller kläder. / The purpose of this study is to analyze how gender is portrayed in picture books. The analyzed data consist of ten picture books. The selection of the ten books were made by two libraries producing information about the most borrowed picture books year 2020 for children in the age of 3-6 years, the older children in preschool. This analysis is carried out through a hermeneutic text analysis from a gender perspective. Our conclusion is that picture books largely depict gender based on the stereotypes that previous research discuss, either in text, image or iconotext. The conclusion is based on the stereotypical characteristics of the male and female characters as well as on how environments are portrayed in the analyzed books. The books with male protagonists generate a story that is fast and eventful in comparison with narratives with female protagonists. The characters’ characteristics reflect traditional gender patterns regardless of whether the characters are animals or humans. It is often the pictures that reinforce gender stereotypes, for example through colors or clothes.

The purpose of this thesis is to, as a case study, investigate the relationship between challenges related to New Public Management and the new Administrative Procedure Act that was enacted in 2017. The question reads: Can the guiding principles of the Administrative Procedure Act (2017:900) according to Prop. 2016/17: 180 be considered to take into account challenges arising from the introduction of New Public Management reforms in the public sector?  The material consists of Prop. 2016/17:180 and it is analyzed based on the qualitative text analysis method. The analysis tool is a set of questions based on the challenges that New Public Management reforms bring.  Conclusions: The guiding principles are largely adapted to the challenges that New Public Management Reforms bring about. Above all, this applies with the strengthening of the principle of legality (one of the three), which significantly influences the other two.

Besides the social survey data, texts have been an important source of sociological data since the beginning of the development of sociological methodology. Text analysis methods contain two main branches of development: Bernard Berelson's content analysis and Hans-Georg Gadamer's hermeneutic analysis. Both these methodological branches have been influenced by the development of information technologies in the last twenty years. The thesis presented here deals with one of the methods of computer text analysis (CATA), which stands on the border between these two methodological streams, a method of analyzing words' collocations in texts. The thesis presents the method in the context of other methods of text analysis, and mentions sources of inspiration for further development of these methods - corpus linguistics and text mining. The second part discusses the different steps of words' collocation analysis: building a text corpus, dictionary compilation, calculation of data matrix and visualisation of words' distances using multidimensional scaling (MDS). The method is also applied to a specific data, two text corpora compiled from transcripts of biographical interviews with actors of Czechoslovak normalization - with dissidents and Communist functionaries. Quality of the models is assessed, depending...

The aim of the presented dissertation thesis is to find out the answer for the question of how it is possible to process and evaluate by computer methods of data coming from psychotherapy sessions using the method of Guided Affective Imagery. The Guided Affective Imagery is a relatively young psychotherapy approach based on the European tradition of psychodynamic psychology which presumes that in assignment relatively indefinite motive in imagination during day dream comes to manifestation of a client's unconsciousness contents and conflicts, defensive mechanisms, resistance, motives and fantasy. The biofeedback device by which was the rate of heartbeat used during the whole session and computer programs for quantitative text analysis were used for verifying the usage of computer methods for the sessions' analysis. The quantitative text analysis focused on identification of primarily and secondarily measure of the item process in the preliminary part of a session, during the phase of imagination and at the final part of the session by two code systems. In a certain way the results indicate complementary progress of changes in the primary and secondary process when the highest representation of secondary process expressions was identified in the introductory part of the session whereas the highest...

Objective: The primary aim of the study was to examine the automated linguistic analysis of the open-ended problem (PQ) and life-effects (LEQ) questionnaires to understand the psychological effects of tinnitus. Design: The study used a cross-sectional design. Participants completed online questionnaires which included demographic questions, several standardised patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and two open-ended questions focussing on PQ and LEQ related to tinnitus. The response to open-ended questions was analysed using the Linguistic Inquiry Word Count (LIWC) software to identify the frequency of text on various linguistic dimensions relevant to tinnitus. Study sample: 336 individuals with tinnitus. Results: The study results point to two broad findings. First, although PQ and LEQ have some similarities with PROMs (e.g. the linguistic dimension negative emotions having a weak positive correlation with anxiety and depression), no correlation with the number of dimensions suggests that the open-ended questions identify additional elements that are not captured in PROMs. Second, more linguistic dimensions from the PQ correlate with PROMs compared to LEQ suggesting that the current PROMs are problem-oriented. Conclusions: The study results support the idea that the use of open-ended questions in addition to PROMs may help optimise the efforts in examining the effects of chronic conditions such as tinnitus.

Existen diferentes propuestas sobre los métodos de traducción literaria, así como análisis de las tendencias de su uso. En el caso del crime fiction, que destaca por su manera de representar la violencia, se ha propuesto que las convenciones del género y las decisiones editoriales dictan el método a emplear. Sin embargo, este género se divide en distintos subgéneros con sus propias características. La presente investigación aborda la traducción al francés de la novela Un lugar llamado Oreja de perro (2008) para analizar la manera en que se traduce el discurso sobre la representación de la violencia colectiva contra la población campesina tras el Conflicto Armado Interno (2005-2006). En ese sentido, debido a que este discurso recurre a elementos estilísticos vinculados con contextos fuertemente arraigados a la cultura origen, las opciones de traducción se encuentran limitadas por las diferencias culturales. Mediante el análisis de contenido y el análisis textual contrastivo, se propone identificar los segmentos del texto origen que presentan los elementos que construyen el discurso sobre la representación de la violencia y, posteriormente, analizarlos en contraste con su traducción al francés a nivel comunicativo, pragmático y semiótico identificando las técnicas y métodos utilizados. / Several methods of literary translation, as well as tendencies in their use, have been proposed. In the case of crime fiction, which stands out for its representation of violence, it has been proposed that genre conventions and editorial decisions dictate the preferred method. Nevertheless, this genre comprises various subgenres with specific characteristics. This research approaches the French translation of Un lugar llamado Oreja de Perro (2008) in order to analyze how the discourse about the representation of collective violence against rural population after the Peruvian Internal Armed Conflict (2005-2006) is translated. In this regard, since this discourse relies on stylistic elements linked to contexts deeply rooted in the source culture, the translation options are limited by cultural differences. The study draws upon content analysis and contrastive analysis to identify the source segments where the elements constructing the discourse about violence representation are present, and to analyze them in contrast to their French translation on a communicative, pragmatic, and semiotic level, identifying the techniques and methods used. / Trabajo de investigación

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Studiens syfte är att undersöka elevers berättelseskrivande i relation till lärarens skrivundervisning på lågstadiet utifrån de resurser som erbjuds i undervisningen och som kan stötta eleverna i textskapandet. Studien baseras på ett observerat lektionstillfälle och på analyser av elevtexter. Av de texter som samlats in analyserades fyra på djupet.   Det övergripande resultatet visar att det finns spår av lärarens undervisning i elevernas texter. Exempelvis syns spår av den textstruktur som läraren delgav eleverna vid genomgången och andra resurser som fanns till hjälp under aktiviteten. Studiens slutsats är att lärarens ordval och de resurser för meningsskapande som används i skrivundervisningen verkar ha påverkat elevernas texter och i viss mån styrt texternas innehåll.

Over the years, a variety of methods have been used in order toestimate policy positions for political parties in national parliaments. This papersets out to apply a novel computational method called Wordfish and apply it to aheavily under-researched form of political text, parliamentary speeches.Quantitative studies of this sort are even more rare the case in Sweden in whichquantitative studies on parliamentary speeches is close to non-existent. In anattempt to contribute to fill the gap in literature this study uses scaling techniqueusing word frequencies and to estimate positions of 4 Swedish political partiesalong two dimensions in political space. By observing the estimated movement bythese 4 parties over a 20-year time period one can draw conclusions of theSwedish political space and how it has shifted over time. One can also evaluatethe chosen method on this specific research material, a combination that has notbeen seen before. The results suggest that there is fine tuning that needs to bedone when using Wordfish considering the output was not in line with conventionalwisdom and previous research. The studied did show interesting movementtowards the authoritarian extreme by the two largest parties in Swedish nationalpolitics.

Information-seeking behavior is a mixture of activities and attitudes, oftentimes motivated by an individual's need to make a decision. One underlying element of this mixture is cognitive authority - which sources (e.g., individuals, institutions, texts, etc.) can be trusted to fulfil the information needs? In order to gain insight into the dynamics of cognitive authority selection behavior which is an information seeking behavior, this study explored primary source text data (316 text records) that reflected selection in the mundaneness of life (advice column submissions and responses). Linguistic analysis was performed on the data using the Linguistic Inquiry Word Count (LIWC2015) software package. Pearson correlation and 1-sample T tests revealed the same 45 statistically significant relationships (SSRs) in the word usage behavior of all subgroups. As a result of the study, the gap in research formed from the lack of quantitative models of cognitive authority relationships was addressed via the development of the Wordprint Classification System which was used to generate a cognitive authority relationship model in the form of a cognitive authority intra-segment wordprint. The findings and implications of this study may provide a contribution to the body of work in the area of information literacy and information seeker behavior by revealing factors that information scientists can address to help meet information seekers' needs. Additionally, the Wordprint Classification System may be used in such disciplines as psychology, marketing, and forensic linguistics to create to create models of various relationships or individuals through the use of written or spoken word usage patterns.