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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
401

Social citizenship beyond the nation-state : A qualitative analysis of the European parliamentary debates concerning the development of an EU welfare

Tejic, Maja January 2016 (has links)
Welfare and questions regarding social security have historically been a concern of the nation state, but the development of the European Union’s integration project has created a necessity for an international legal framework that covers that specific field. It has been found that international cooperation on welfare issues is not such an easy task, and numerous scholars have given different answers to why this has been the case. The purpose of this study is to examine if there exists a path dependency in the argumentations in the European parliamentary debates through the following research question: Is it able to see signs of path dependency concerning welfare regimes in the debates of the European parliament and do these affect how far the EU is willing to go concerning the development of the social citizenship, or has this more to do with the ideological stances between party group affiliations? Gösta Esping-Andersen suggests an almost path dependent development of welfare regimes and suggests that they have an impact on political behavior, and his theory on welfare regimes has been used in this study.  This study has been conducted through an analysis of plenary debates in the European parliament between the years 2001-2010 using Toulmin's argumentation analysis model which focuses on deducing underlying warrants in the statements. Based on this model, the result is that the debates are an ideological conflict. The difference in opinion between the representatives are rather ideologically influenced than based on the path dependence of welfare regimes.
402

De onde venho? Para onde vou? Conhecendo o aluno do PROVOC DLIS

Saraiva, Maria Inez Sodré January 2010 (has links)
Submitted by Mario Mesquita (mbarroso@fiocruz.br) on 2014-11-18T17:20:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria_Inêz_Saraiva_EPSJV_Mestrado_2010.pdf: 725432 bytes, checksum: b2b6d62cffdf18163afbfb0d123e7745 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Mario Mesquita (mbarroso@fiocruz.br) on 2014-11-18T17:31:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria_Inêz_Saraiva_EPSJV_Mestrado_2010.pdf: 725432 bytes, checksum: b2b6d62cffdf18163afbfb0d123e7745 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-18T17:31:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria_Inêz_Saraiva_EPSJV_Mestrado_2010.pdf: 725432 bytes, checksum: b2b6d62cffdf18163afbfb0d123e7745 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio. Laboratório de Iniciação Científica na Educação Básica / Esta dissertação apresenta uma análise da trajetória dos jovens participantes do Programa de Vocação Científica/Programa de Desenvolvimento Local Integrado e Sustentável /Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz desde 2003 a 2008. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura sobre políticas públicas e juventude objetivando discutir a construção social e política dos programas voltados para esta população, bem como a identificação de marcos históricos e conceituais que orientam as políticas sociais da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Como estratégia de pesquisa de campo foram realizadas entrevistas com gestores Fiocruz e com coordenadores de projetos e de programas institucionais voltados para a comunidade de Manguinhos, bem como, a realização de um grupo focal com egressos do PROVOC/DLIS com o objetivo de analisar as expectativas desses alunos ao ingressarem e ao final do programa, assim como, identificar o percurso institucional e pessoal do aluno e as possíveis repercussões sociais, familiares e profissionais dos jovens que participam do Programa. Conclui enfatizando posicionamentos e sugestões que contribuam para que novos caminhos possam ser pensados na questão da inserção de jovens de comunidades carentes em Programas de Vocação Científica mantidos por instituições de pesquisa. / This work presents an analysis of the trajectory of youth participants of Scientific Vocation Program - Integrated and Sustainable Local Development Programme of Joaquim Venancio Polytechnic Health School of Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (PROVOC DLIS / EPSJV / FIOCRUZ) program from 2003 to 2008. We performed a literature review on public policies and youth aimed to discuss the social and political construction of programs for this population, and the identification of historical and conceptual foundations that guide the social policies of FIOCRUZ. As a research strategy, interviews were conducted with managers of Fiocruz and with managers of projects and institutional programs aimed at the community of Manguinhos, as well as, conducting a focus group with alumnal of PROVOC / DLIS with the aim of analyzing the expectations of these students at entry and at the end of the program, as well as tracing institutional and student's personal and possible social, familiar and professionals repercussions of these who participate in the program. Concludes by emphasizing positioning and suggestions to help ensure that new ways can be thought on the issue of integration of young people from poor communities in Scientific Vocation Program maintained by research institutions.
403

Questão social e criminalização da pobreza: aportes para a compreensão do novo senso comum penal no Brasil / Social issue and the criminalization of poverty: contributions to understanding the new penal common sense in Brazil

Laura Freitas Oliveira 16 July 2010 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A política social, na atualidade, faz uma espécie de gerenciamento da pobreza, que envolve um controle cada vez maior não só da pobreza em si, mas dos próprios pobres, reeditando-se as antigas formas de controle social. Destaca-se, neste processo, a instrumentalidade histórica da elaboração de determinados conceitos e mitos, como o de classes perigosas, com o apoio, em grande parte, da indústria midiática, que tem alimentado, no pensamento hegemônico, as bases de legitimação deste tipo de política de controle. Neste sentido, a análise da questão social e sua relação não casual com esta criminalização da pobreza ajudam a compreender a construção do senso comum penal nos últimos tempos, sob a luz dos conceitos historicamente levantados, a fim de verificar as rupturas e continuidades no atual processo de legitimação das políticas de controle social. Em meio a todas estas questões, o Assistente Social no campo do sistema penitenciário, enquanto trabalhador assalariado que possui relativa autonomia, se esbarra em inúmeros desafios, que o convidam a explorar as possibilidades que o cotidiano, tomado criticamente, traz consigo, e assim fazer do seu exercício profissional uma práxis propositiva, em que se coloque a serviço da construção e efetivação do Projeto Ético-Político do Serviço Social. / Social policy, in actuality, is a kind of management of poverty, with an increasing control not only of poverty itself, but of the poor themselves, by reissuing the old forms of social control. Stands out in this case, the instrumentality of the historical development of certain concepts and myths, as the dangerous classes, supported in large part on the media industry, which has fed the hegemonic thinking, the basis of legitimation of this type of control policy. In this sense, the analysis of the social issue and its not casual relation with the criminalization of poverty helps to understand the construction of the criminal common sense in recent times under the light of the concepts raised historically in order to check the breaks and continuities in the current process legitimacy of policies of social control. Amid all these issues, the Social Worker in the field of penitentiary system, while worker that has relative autonomy, is hampered by many challenges that invite to explore the possibilities that the everyday, taken critically, brings, and so do of their praxis purposeful, used in service of the construction and realization of the Ethical-Political Project of Social Work.
404

Apocalipse não: o estado do bem-estar social sobrevive à onda neoliberal. / Apocalipse not: the welfare state survives the neoliberal wave.

Paulo Henrique de Almeida Rodrigues 19 March 2003 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta Tese aborda a questão do Estado e dos direitos de cidadania, particularmente dos direitos sociais e políticas a eles correspondentes, que constituem o que se convencionou tratar por Estado do bem-estar social, ou welfare state. Nela é analisado o processo recente de contradição entre as idéias e políticas neoliberais e o sistemas de welfare state, procurando verificar o impacto daquelas políticas sobre os sistemas. O objetivo central é mostrar que a ofensiva neoliberal vem sendo mal sucedida em sua tentativa de desarticular as instituições dos direitos e políticas sociais no que diz respeito às sociedades mais complexas e desenvolvidas. A principal razão disto deriva da própria história do welfare state, que corresponde a um longo processo de transformação da relação política entre Estado e sociedade. O estudo do impacto efetivo das políticas neoliberais sobre os sistemas de bem-estar ou proteção social, a que se convencionou tratar por welfare state está centrada no que vem ocorrendo nos países desenvolvidos, fazendo um contraponto com o que se passa no Brasil. Este tema tem sido objeto de preocupação de um grande número de analistas no exterior e no Brasil em função tanto do conteúdo das propostas neoliberais em relação às políticas sociais fortalecimento das soluções de mercado, restrição e das políticas públicas de proteção social nos grupos mais pobres da população quanto do sucesso avassalador que o neoliberalismo alcançou nos campos da economia e do trabalho. A Tese defende a idéia de que a sociedade brasileira e seu welfare state chegaram a um nível tal de complexidade, que não pode mais ser compreendida com base num ferramental analítico que tende a reduzir suas singularidades à configurações muito amplas ora denominadas por periferia do sistema capitalista, ora por realidade latino-americana, as contribuem para simplificar a análise e dificultar o aprofundamento da discussão em relação ao conteúdo, ao rumo e ao alcance do processo político e das políticas sociais. / The object of this thesis is the relation between the State and citizenship rights, specially the social rights and the correspondent social policies that are known as the welfare state. The analysis is concentrated on the impact of neoliberal proposals on the organisation and functioning of the welfare state, with an overview of the Brazilian situation. The main objective of the study is to demonstrate that the pressures based on neoliberal ideology and policies had little impact on the welfare state and that the main reason for this is based on the very history of the welfare state, which corresponds itself to a long process of transformation of the relations that exists between the State and the society. The thesis argues that the strengthening and diversification of the social rights have lead to a transformation of the State and the development of complex relations at the political level, that makes social policies and institutions very resistant to changes directed to the diminishing of social benefits and to replace state actions and policies by market mechanisms in the organisation, financing and deliverance of social services. This thesis supports in addition the idea that the degree of complexity achieved by the Brazilian society and its welfare state demand the use of analytic approaches different than those that predominate in present studies that tend to generalisations such as periphery and Latin-American reality which are insufficient and simplify the debate about the nature, the ways and the reach of social policy in Brazil.
405

Maternidade precoce a (des)proteção pública as mulheres que foram mães antes dos 18 anos / Early maternity? The (lack of) public protetion to women who were mothers before age 18

Aline de Carvalho Martins 27 April 2012 (has links)
A maternidade na adolescência é um fenômeno que atinge cerca de 20% dos partos no Brasil. A importância deste tema no campo dos direitos articula-se à dupla condição de proteção conferida à estas mulheres: a de adolescente e a de mãe. O presente estudo apresenta os resultados de uma tese de doutorado com vistas à identificação das políticas sociais efetivamente acessadas por mulheres que foram mães na adolescência antes e após o parto. Buscamos verificar se os direitos sociais firmados na legislação brasileira foram disponibilizados a elas ao longo de sua vida. O campo de pesquisa compreendeu duas unidades públicas de saúde no município do Rio de Janeiro. Foi utilizada a metodologia qualitativa e a técnica empregada foi a saturação de informações, com sete mulheres entrevistadas após quatro anos do nascimento de seus filhos. A eleição desta idade buscou garantir um período distanciamento do início da vida da criança, verificando o impacto do nascimento desta na via da mulher de maneira mais isenta. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa da prefeitura da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados demonstram que que as mulheres que foram mães adolescentes atravessaram um cotidiano de pobreza, sobrecarga da figura materna, hierarquia de gênero e ausência de políticas públicas. Mesmo às que estavam em situação de risco, não foram proporcionadas políticas de apoio para a reversão do quadro.A conclusão que se chega é que as mães adolescentes são pouco atingidas por estas políticas públicas porque antes da gravidez estas adolescentes não eram vistas como ameaças à sociedade. Após a gravidez, passam pela rotulação do desperdício de oportunidades, e portanto, continuam sem a proteção da política pública, uma vez que do ponto de vista dos discursos da meritocracia individual presentes nas políticas do risco, não devem ser apoiadas em seus comportamentos tidos como promíscuos. Conclui-se ainda que a melhor estratégia de prevenção da maternidade adolescentes reside no oferecimento de oportunidades concretas de melhorias materias às famílias, de modo que as mulheres não necessitem tormar para si prematuramente as responsabilidades do mundo adulto e que possam ser estimuladas a incluir em seus planos futuros de uma inserção profissional mais qualificada. O estímulo à escolaridade materna (pelos benefícios que a mesma proporciona de melhor inserção no mercado de trabalho e de acesso a renda) é considerado um elemento fundamental neste processo, assim como os programas de valorização do envolvimento masculino nas questões de reprodução/cuidado infantil, programas de promoção de qualidade de vida e prevenção das violências. A tese termina reafirmando a base histórica do exercício dos direitos e a necessidade da explicitação da natureza política do enfrentamento da questão social. / This study deals with on the contradictions of citizenship rights in bourgeois society. Thus, questions the limits of realization of these rights, but increasingly large in international law, deal with violations happening more frequently in everyday reality. Demonstrating that this issue has greater impact on segments that - due to their condition of age - have different training needs, the research proposes a critical review on the basis of the concepts of risk and vulnerability as present policies to protect children and youth, pointing out the limits of the use of them in the realization of citizenship. The second chapter addresses the issue of adolescence as a social construction, not always enabled to poor segments of the population. In this occasion, presents a reflection on motherhood in this period and the implications of this for the mother / teen. Chapter 3 sheds some light on the statistical data showing that one can not say that there is any commitment to the absolute priority of the right of children and adolescents in Brazil. Also highlights the specific characteristics of adolescent mothers, located mostly in the context of poverty, race and lack of education. The fourth chapter presents the research methodology and results. In them it is clear that women who were teenage mothers went through a context of poverty, over the maternal figure, gender hierarchy and lack of public policies. Even those that were "at risk" were not offered political support to reverse the situation. The conclusion reached is that teenage mothers are less affected by these policies before pregnancy because these teens were not seen as threats to society. After pregnancy begin by labeling the waste of opportunities, and therefore remain without the protection of public policy, since the point of view of discourses of meritocracy in the present policies of individual risk, should not be supported in their behavior seen as promiscuous. The main results still show that the best strategy for prevention of teenage motherhood lies in providing concrete opportunities for improvement materials to families so that women do not need ultimately for making themselves prematurely to the responsibilities of adulthood and who may be encouraged to include in future plans for a more qualified professional insertion. Stimulation of maternal education (for the benefits that it provides a better insertion in the labor market and access to income) is considered a key element in this process, as well as programs for enhancement of male involvement in reproductive issues / child care, programs to promote quality of life and prevention of violence. The thesis ends by reaffirming the historical basis of the exercise of rights and the necessity of explaining the political nature of confronting social issues.
406

Institutionalising activation for sickness and disability benefit claimants in the active UK and Danish welfare states

Heap, Daniel January 2016 (has links)
The last 15 years have seen governments in a number of mature welfare states attempting to reintegrate people out of work for reasons of sickness and disability into employment, principally through changes to the value and conditions of incapacity benefits and the provision of active labour market programmes. Whilst the academic interest in these changes has been considerable, this thesis begins by arguing that these studies hitherto have been satisfied to categorise these emerging regimes according to a familiar Work-first v Human Capital Development activation typology (for example, Peck & Theodore, 2001), or a variation upon that, according to the presence or absence of different activation services. They largely do not apply the insights that the broader activation literature has provided in recent years, particularly those on the governance of activation. Instead, this thesis proposes that it is better to examine recent changes through the lens of institutionalisation: how well-embedded employment-related support for sick and disabled claimants has become in the structure and functioning of welfare-to-work regimes for sick and disabled benefit claimants. Though not a concept much used in academic analysis of Active Labour Market Policy (ALMP), a case is made for the value of looking at, firstly, how well activating sick and disabled claimants becomes a national government labour market policy priority and secondly, how well the organisation and governance of active labour market programmes for this group support this, in additional to analyses of the services themselves. Working from what is already known about the factors that can influence a workless benefit claimant's access to employment support, the contention of such a framework is that the successful embedding of an activation strategy for sick and disabled claimants into national Labour Market Policy (LMP) is a function of the interaction of a range of factors. Crucial here is the distinction between ALMP for these claimants, and for other activation target groups – there is good evidence to believe that the changes made to activation governance to promote active work-search for the unemployed may, however unintentionally, militate against a comprehensive system of support for 'non-employed' jobseekers considered to be further from the labour market, claimants of incapacity benefits included. Alongside this framework, a case is made for being much clearer and more precise in describing what measures apply to which parts of the incapacity benefit claimant pool. In most countries, this is a very diverse population with several distinct sub-sets with different levels of distance from the labour market, ranging from those with very severe disabilities or health conditions; others with multiple employment barriers not all stemming directly from their condition (outdated skills, for example), and those whose employability is high, their disability or health condition notwithstanding. As a small number of studies have pointed out (Evans, 2001, for example), activation regimes – defined in this study as the set of services that are provided to help nonemployed sick and disabled benefit claimants back to work; and how these are organised; delivered; targeted and financed – 'sort and select' claimants, applying different types or more or less intensive support for different categorisations of claimants. An activation regime for the claimant group can thus be very inclusive or rather narrow, depending on the extent to which these sub-pools are catered for. To demonstrate the value of this framework in reaching a more accurate understanding of the nature of these emerging regimes relative to extant approaches, a cross-national comparison of activation of sick and disabled claimants in Denmark and the United Kingdom is offered. Whilst they are considered to be very nearly diametrically opposed in a number of key ways – their approaches to activation; benefit generosity and broader welfare regime contexts – when looked at using the institutionalisation framework, they emerge as more similar than expected. Regardless of their quite different starting points, they experience many of the same challenges in creating a system in which the employment activation of the full extent of the claimant group is a priority and where a sick or disabled benefit claimant's right to back-to-work support is secure.
407

Reforma agrária e estrutura fundiária no Brasil: uma análise a partir do I Plano Nacional de Reforma Agrária

Fleury, Renato Ribeiro [UNESP] 25 June 2015 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-13T13:27:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-06-25. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-01-13T13:32:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000856022.pdf: 833173 bytes, checksum: ef97ca61646c58d94f4f4d1895180daf (MD5) / A presente pesquisa pretende discutir a política de reforma agrária e seu impacto sobre a concentração fundiária no Brasil no período de 1985 a 2010. O trabalho reconstruiu historicamente o processo de constituição e evolução da estrutura fundiária brasileira, mostrando a permanência nela dos seguintes traços constitutivos: elevada concentração fundiária, exclusão do acesso a terra para agricultores pobres, conflito e violência no campo e dificuldade de regulação fundiária por parte das autoridades públicas. Durante a fase de modernização da agricultura brasileira, que durou de meados de 1960 até 1985, elevou-se substancialmente a incorporação de terras destinadas às áreas agriculturáveis. Em período mais recente, identificado a partir de 1985, ano em que foi implementado o I Plano Nacional de Reforma Agrária (I PNRA) no país, foram reavivadas esperanças no sentido de reverter as tendências históricas anteriores, e o volume de terras destinado às camadas de trabalhadores rurais sem terra ou com pouca terra por meio da política fundiária também aumentou bastante entre 1985 e 2010. Diante desses efeitos constatados no setor rural, este estudo estabeleceu um confronto dos impactos oriundos das políticas agrícolas e agrárias modernizadoras com os impactos gerados pelas políticas de reforma agrária (I PNRA e II PNRA), comparando a evolução da área destinada às terras agriculturáveis mediadas pela modernização agrícola (1960-1985) com a evolução da área de terras distribuídas pelos programas de assentamentos rurais (1985-2010) executados pelos planos de reforma agrária da Nova República. Deste modo, verificou-se o motivo pelo qual os efeitos sobre indicadores de concentração fundiária no Brasil ainda são pouco significativos / This research aims to discuss land reform policy and its impact on land concentration in Brazil from 1985 to 2010. The work historically reconstructed the process of formation and evolution of the Brazilian agrarian structure, showing the permanence it the following constituent features: high land concentration, exclusion from access to land for poor farmers, conflict and violence in the countryside and difficulty of land regulation by public authorities. During the phase of modernization of Brazilian agriculture, which lasted from mid-1960 to 1985 rose substantially land intended for incorporation into agricultural areas. In the most recent period, identified from 1985, the year in which it was implemented the First National Plan for Agrarian Reform (PNRA I) in the country, were revived hopes to reverse the previous historical trends, and the volume of land intended for layers of landless workers or those with little land through land policy also rose sharply between 1985 and 2010. Given these effects seen in the rural sector, this study established a comparison of coming impacts of agricultural land policies and modernizing with the impacts of policies of Agrarian Reform (PNRA I and II PNRA), comparing the evolution of the area destined to agricultural land mediated by agricultural modernization (1960 to 1985) with the evolution of land area distributed by the rural settlements program (1985-2010) performed by plans agrarian reform of the New Republic. Thus, it was the reason why the effects on indicators of land concentration in Brazil are still very significant
408

Responding to child abuse in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) : the role of professional training programmes

Lardhi, Jehan January 2016 (has links)
Child abuse has become more recognised in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), after many years of receiving very little attention. Since 2014 domestic violence, including child abuse, has been made a criminal offence in KSA. This study takes place against a background where protection laws (2013 Legislation) have been introduced, where there are cultural limitations, and where professional child protection agencies are requiring their practitioners to deal with child abuse in the light of these new laws. The aim of this study was to identify the issues for social workers and other professionals in responding to child abuse and how these responses can be improved in KSA. There are two phases to this study. The first phase examines developments in child protection practices and policy through the analysis of newspaper reports and through a series of interviews with professionals, practitioners and managers in the Social Protection Department (SPD) in Riyadh, KSA. The findings of this initial study suggest that KSA is in the early stages of developing and implementing programmes in child protection practice. It was found that training was a major issue, in particular the provision of training that was accessible and relevant to the needs of the practitioners. The second phase focused on ways that professional child protection training programmes for practitioners may be improved to increase both their quality and relevance to child protection professionals and trainees. In order to achieve these objectives, interviews, written responses and surveys were conducted with child protection practitioners, training providers and social work educators and trainees in the (SPD), the National Family Safety Programme (NFSP), Al-Wafa Association (AWA), Ministry of Social Affairs (MSA) and three universities in Riyadh, KSA. The findings provide more understanding of how child protection training, teaching and learning for practitioners can be improved to enable them to respond more effectively to child abuse in KSA. Findings are discussed with reference to the current practices as England and in other Arab countries and recommendations are offered with a view to their suitability in KSA.
409

O anticapitalismo do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem-Teto - MTST /

Goulart, Débora Cristina. January 2011 (has links)
Orientador: Marcos Tadeu Del Roio / Banca: Jair Pinheiro / Banca: Fátima Aparecida Cabral / Banca: Lúcio Flávio Rodrigues de Almeida / Banca: Maria Orlanda Pinassi / Resumo: O presente trabalho analisa o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem-Teto (MTST), buscando reconstruir sua história e compreender como a reconfiguração da classe trabalhadora e a ação política no Brasil recente, repercutem sobre os projetos e ações deste movimento. Partimos da construção histórica dos movimentos sociais urbanos a partir do final dos anos 70, mostrando suas principais características e como suas ações forçaram um debate político sobre a organização dos trabalhadores em movimentos por moradia. Ao relacionar o MTST à historicidade dos movimentos sociais no Brasil pós-ditadura militar, queremos demonstrar que há um repertório de ação que foi ressignificado pelo MTST advindo daqueles movimentos. Por outro lado, construiu-se um projeto político formulado de maneira mais acabada pelo Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) e pela Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT), que teve repercussão intensa em movimentos como o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem-Terra (MST), que contribuiu para as primeiras formulações do MTST, principalmente em sua forma de organização (ocupações e dinâmica dos acampamentos). Porém, a conjuntura neoliberal em que surge o movimento, impõe novas formulações internas e novos modos de enfrentamento com o Estado e o capital, que fazem com que o movimento ultrapasse o projeto participativo democratizante que se tornou hegemônico na esquerda brasileira dos anos 80 e 90. O MTST surge no final dos anos 90 e cresce em numero de ocupações e área de sua atuação territorial, até chegar à nacionalização em 2009. Toda sua trajetória foi construída sob o projeto neoliberal em pleno desenvolvimento no Brasil, e mais da metade de sua existência ocorreu durante os dois governos do Partido dos Trabalhadores na presidência da República. Com um projeto político... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This paper analyzes the Movement of Homeless Workers - MTST, showing its history and trying to understand how the reconfiguration of the working class and social policy, more specifically the housing, impacts on the projects and actions of this movement. We start our discussion from the construction of urban social movements of the late 1970s, showing its main characteristics and how their actions have forced a debate on the political organization of workers in movements for housing. We seek to demonstrate that the legacy of these movements was reframed by MTST that arises in the late '90s with the neoliberal project in Brazil in full deployment. The growth of MTST and its nationalization in 2009, occurs during the two governments of the Workers Party in the presidency, leading to new ways of coping with the State and its policy, which we analyzed through the perspective of class struggle in Brazil. With an anti-capitalist political project, MTST, experiences the difficulties of collective action that seeks radical changes in society, the need for negotiation to obtain the demands of its social base and maintaining consistency between their political positions and dynamic form of internal organization. Thus, the core of our research is to examine the trajectory of MTST as an element in the class struggle in Brazil in the last 15 years / Doutor
410

Apocalipse não: o estado do bem-estar social sobrevive à onda neoliberal. / Apocalipse not: the welfare state survives the neoliberal wave.

Paulo Henrique de Almeida Rodrigues 19 March 2003 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta Tese aborda a questão do Estado e dos direitos de cidadania, particularmente dos direitos sociais e políticas a eles correspondentes, que constituem o que se convencionou tratar por Estado do bem-estar social, ou welfare state. Nela é analisado o processo recente de contradição entre as idéias e políticas neoliberais e o sistemas de welfare state, procurando verificar o impacto daquelas políticas sobre os sistemas. O objetivo central é mostrar que a ofensiva neoliberal vem sendo mal sucedida em sua tentativa de desarticular as instituições dos direitos e políticas sociais no que diz respeito às sociedades mais complexas e desenvolvidas. A principal razão disto deriva da própria história do welfare state, que corresponde a um longo processo de transformação da relação política entre Estado e sociedade. O estudo do impacto efetivo das políticas neoliberais sobre os sistemas de bem-estar ou proteção social, a que se convencionou tratar por welfare state está centrada no que vem ocorrendo nos países desenvolvidos, fazendo um contraponto com o que se passa no Brasil. Este tema tem sido objeto de preocupação de um grande número de analistas no exterior e no Brasil em função tanto do conteúdo das propostas neoliberais em relação às políticas sociais fortalecimento das soluções de mercado, restrição e das políticas públicas de proteção social nos grupos mais pobres da população quanto do sucesso avassalador que o neoliberalismo alcançou nos campos da economia e do trabalho. A Tese defende a idéia de que a sociedade brasileira e seu welfare state chegaram a um nível tal de complexidade, que não pode mais ser compreendida com base num ferramental analítico que tende a reduzir suas singularidades à configurações muito amplas ora denominadas por periferia do sistema capitalista, ora por realidade latino-americana, as contribuem para simplificar a análise e dificultar o aprofundamento da discussão em relação ao conteúdo, ao rumo e ao alcance do processo político e das políticas sociais. / The object of this thesis is the relation between the State and citizenship rights, specially the social rights and the correspondent social policies that are known as the welfare state. The analysis is concentrated on the impact of neoliberal proposals on the organisation and functioning of the welfare state, with an overview of the Brazilian situation. The main objective of the study is to demonstrate that the pressures based on neoliberal ideology and policies had little impact on the welfare state and that the main reason for this is based on the very history of the welfare state, which corresponds itself to a long process of transformation of the relations that exists between the State and the society. The thesis argues that the strengthening and diversification of the social rights have lead to a transformation of the State and the development of complex relations at the political level, that makes social policies and institutions very resistant to changes directed to the diminishing of social benefits and to replace state actions and policies by market mechanisms in the organisation, financing and deliverance of social services. This thesis supports in addition the idea that the degree of complexity achieved by the Brazilian society and its welfare state demand the use of analytic approaches different than those that predominate in present studies that tend to generalisations such as periphery and Latin-American reality which are insufficient and simplify the debate about the nature, the ways and the reach of social policy in Brazil.

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