Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-01T11:58:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 parte1.pdf: 2177667 bytes, checksum: 9b3e4ebd90be7a7a7b76dc1f2e2fa2fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study aims to investigate the importance of the city of Areia, Paraíba, as a cultural landscape formed by the junction of its urban and rural. The City of Areia is one of the newest urban sites to receive the title of National Heritage, with its tumbling approved in 2006, due to its historical, architectural, urban and landscape importance. If distinguished primarily by their location and urban expansion following the ridge of the Serra Borborema. However, the favored asset protection only to safeguard the urban core, with the landscape denying the "frame" of the city. However, what is perceived by reviewing the history of the city is the landscape, formed mainly by their rural area, especially the mills of cachaça and rapadura , sets up a cultural heritage as or more important than the urban. The growth and development of the city have been based on agriculture, and through different economic periods throughout its history: cotton, sugar cane, coffee, agave and cattle breeding, but out of all these crops, the sugar cane has behaved like that intermittent, never totally abandoned. Thus, were the engines of cachaça and rapadura which outlined its growth, influencing directly the social, economic, urban and cultural Areia, and strengthening its tradition as producing city of cachaça and rapadura . The set of different forms of assets that comprise the landscape of the mills - the architecture, environmental characteristics, the intangible heritage - assisted in the configuration and transformation of the landscape of the city, and urban and cultural characteristics. All these issues lead to reflect on the importance of the mills to the history and culture of the city and the need to promote their safeguarding, while important documents in preserving the cultural identity of Areia. / Esta dissertação visa investigar a importância do município de Areia, na Paraíba, enquanto uma paisagem cultural formada pela junção de seu meio urbano e rural. A cidade de Areia é um dos mais recentes sítios urbanos a receber a alcunha de Patrimônio Histórico Nacional, tendo seu tombamento homologado no ano de 2006, devido a sua importância histórica, arquitetônica, urbanística e paisagística. Se distinguindo, principalmente, por sua implantação urbana e expansão acompanhando o cume da Serra da Borborema. Porém, a proteção patrimonial privilegiou apenas a salvaguarda do núcleo urbano, sendo a paisagem renegada a moldura da cidade. No entanto, o que se percebe revendo a história do município é que a paisagem, formada principalmente por sua área rural, sobretudo os engenhos de cachaça e rapadura, configura um patrimônio cultural tão ou mais importante que o urbano. O crescimento e desenvolvimento do município têm se baseado na agricultura, e atravessou diversos períodos econômicos ao longo de sua história: algodão, cana-de-açúcar, café, agave e pecuária, mas, dentre todas essas culturas, a cana-de-açúcar tem se comportado como aquela intermitente, que nunca foi totalmente abandonada. Assim sendo, foram os engenhos de cachaça e rapadura que delinearam seu crescimento, influenciando diretamente os aspectos sociais, econômicos, urbanos e culturais de Areia, e reforçando sua tradição como município produtor de cachaça e rapadura. O conjunto de formas diferentes de patrimônio que compõe a paisagem dos engenhos a arquitetura, as características ambientais, o patrimônio imaterial auxiliaram na formação e transformação da paisagem do município, e em suas características urbanas e culturais. Todas essas questões levam a refletir sobre a importância dos engenhos para a história e a cultura do município e a necessidade de se promover a salvaguarda destes, enquanto documentos importantes na preservação da identidade cultural de Areia.

The present research aimed to analyze the resignification of the cultural landscapes of the drylands of Alagoas in a context of regional development through the iconographic representation, which permits to make visible the changes present in the environment, as well as the “permanences” that are responsible for maintaining a collective memory of the drought problems. The representations that helped to consolidate the images which are commonly related to the drylands (or “sertão”) of the semiarid and transported to the Northeast region as a whole —whether in the academic sphere, or through cultural works and the mass media—were related to poverty, drought and drought landscapes representations, consolidated, in the imaginary of people in a generalized way, as "hunger and misery" CASTRO, (1992, 1996, 1997); RIBEIRO, (1999); SILVA (2010). The Drylands of Alagoas, as well as the Northeast region, has been presenting, in recent years, a new configuration, allowing the development of the region and changes in its socioeconomic panorama. New landscapes have emerged with the transformation, presenting different culture and ways of living in relation to the imaginary created of the drylands. This study had support in the cultural geography with phenomenological base. Documentary researches and field work were done through iconographic records and interviews. To that end, we back up the studies of Durval Muniz (2011) and Geralda de Almeida (2003), who discuss the construction of the Northeastern imaginary through tragic bias, through drought, hunger and misery. Regarding the relationship between Phenomenology and Geography, the interaction between landscape and the concept of culture were based on the theoretical contributions of the French School: Augustin Berque (1994) and Paul Claval (1997); and it was also made an investigation on the constitution of the geographic science and the use of image, according to Gomes (2002, 2013) and Oliveira Jr. (2013), who discuss the visibility of the images. The analysis of the data was supported by a qualitative and bibliographic analysis of the landscape and its iconographic representations, in which both the transformations that occurred in the Drylands of Alagoas and its impacts on landscape representation were examined. The insertion of structural policies and family farming, the organization of civil society in cooperatives and the actions of coexistence provided a new way of facing life in the drylands. At the same time, new alternatives for the development of the semiarid are being planned, making the idea of coexistence emerge. / FAPEAL - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas / A presente pesquisa buscou analisar a ressignificação das paisagens culturais do sertão alagoano num contexto de desenvolvimento regional através da representação iconográfica, capaz de visibilizar as mudanças presentes no ambiente, assim como, as permanências que são responsáveis em manter uma memória coletiva das mazelas da seca. As representações que ajudaram a consolidar imagens, comumente relacionadas com o sertão semiárido e transportadas para a região Nordeste como um todo, pois, seja no âmbito acadêmico, seja através de obras culturais e pelos meios de comunicação de massa a sua paisagem foram relacionadas à pobreza, a seca e paisagens de estiagens representações essas consolidadas no imaginário das pessoas de forma generalizada de “fome e miséria” CASTRO, (1992; 1996; 1997); RIBEIRO, (1999); SILVA, (2010). O Sertão Alagoano, assim como a região Nordeste, vem apresentando nos últimos anos uma nova configuração, permitindo o desenvolvimento da região e de mudanças no seu panorama socioeconômico, novas paisagens surgiram com a transformação, apresentando cultura e modo de vida diferente do imaginário criado em relação ao Sertão. Este estudo teve respaldo no apoio e saber da geografia cultural de base fenomenológica, foram feitas pesquisas documentais e trabalho de campo através de registros iconográficos e entrevistas. Para tanto nos respaldamos nos estudos de Durval Muniz (2011) Geralda de Almeida (2003), que discutem a construção do imaginário nordestino através de viés trágico, relacionado com a seca, a fome e a miséria. Sobre a relação da fenomenologia com a Geografia, a interação entre a paisagem e o conceito de cultura com base nos aportes teóricos da escola francesa, Augustin Berque (1994) e Paul Claval (1997), também uma investigação sobre a constituição da ciência geográfica e o uso da imagem, de acordo com Gomes (2002, 2013) e Oliveira Jr. (2013) que abordam uma discussão da visibilidade das imagens. A análise dos dados se respaldou em análise bibliográfica qualitativa sobre a paisagem e suas representações e iconográfica, em que foram analisadas as transformações ocorridas no Sertão Alagoano e seus impactos na representação da paisagem. A inserção de políticas públicas estruturais e para agricultura familiar, organização da sociedade civil em cooperativas e ações de convivência proporcionaram um novo modo de encarar a vida no sertão, e começam a serem construídas novas alternativas para o desenvolvimento do Semiárido, surgindo a representação de uma paisagem marcada pela ideia de convivência.

The central idea of this project named “My way home” (the project’s name was inspired by Karel Václav Rais’s poem of the same name) is the work with the memory of a landscape. The project concerns a 700-metre-long area which is part of what used to be a road near Stráž nad Nežárkou. First of all, I try to return the road its original purpose. Also, I try to find out its historic foundation. Finally, I try to return the road its integrity. The road used to go from the village of Dvorce to the now cancelled Gabler’s mill (house number 98) in Stráž nad Nežárkou. The Diploma also includes an observation of the changes of the landscape near the village. The Diploma itself consists of three phases: The road, apple trees, The object.

Människans påverkan på naturen har skapat stora problem som hotar allt liv på jorden. Den häruppsatsen tar avstamp i naturvårdsmetoden rewilding som i grunden går ut på att återskapanågonting som en gång har varit. Vi vill med den här uppsatsen uppmärksamma människansplats i naturen och på så sätt ge rewilding en bredare definition. En intervju med projektledarenför naturvårdsprojektet LIFE - Bridging the Gap (BTG) har genomförts samt en medieanalys påprojektets informationsfilmer. Det insamlade materialet har sammanställts för att sedan utföraen diskursanalys av hur naturvärden framställs i projektet och hur samband mellan natur ochkultur kan synliggöras. Resultatet visar på att rewilding framställs som frånkopplat människan,men definitionen enligt tidigare forskning går ändå att applicera på projektet. Eklandskapetframställs med kulturella värden. Vi fann att återskapande av natur även innebär återskapandeav kultur. Vilket lett fram till slutsatsen att rewilding också innebär återskapande av kultur. / Man's impact on nature has created major problems that threaten our own existence as well asall life on earth. This thesis is based on the nature conservation method rewilding, which isabout recreating something that once was. With this essay, we want to draw attention to man'splace in nature and thus give rewilding a broader definition. An interview with the projectmanager for the nature restoration project LIFE - Bridging the Gap has been carried out and amedia analysis of the project's information films. The collected material has been compiled tothen perform a discourse analysis of how natural values are presented in the project. Theidentified discourses are put in a cultural theoretical perspective. The results show thatrewilding is presented as something disconnected from humans, but the definition according toprevious research can still be applied to the project. The oak landscape acquires cultural andhuman values. We found that the re-creation of nature also means the re-creation of culture.Which led to the conclusion that rewilding also means re-creating culture.

Die Landesfläche Sachsens lässt sich anhand 40 landschaftsprägender kulturhistorischer Relikte in 17 Kulturlandschaftsgebiete einteilen. Beispiele sind die Dübener-Dahlener Heide, Weinbaugebiete im Elbtal, Altbergbaugebiete des Erzgebirges oder die Oberlausitzer Umgebindelandschaft. Zu den Relikten gehören u.a. Weinberge, Streuobstwiesen, Waldhufenfluren, Ackerterrassen, Hecken, Heiden, extensive genutztes Grünland, unterschiedliche Siedlungsformen, Umgebindehäuser, Teiche, Zeugen des Altbergbaus, ehemalige Torfstichgebiete, Steinbrüche, Mühlen, Verkehrswege, Burgen und Schlösser. Zur Abgrenzung der Kulturlandschaftsgebiete wurde eine schematische Methode entwickelt, um die Ergebnisse besser vergleichen und reproduzieren zu können. Sie verbindet Verfahren der räumlichen Verschneidung von Geodaten, der deskriptiven Statistik und der räumlichen und hierarchischen Clusterung. Die Aufteilung in die Kulturlandschaftsgebiete wird bestimmt von Schwerpunktvorkommen und Kombination der einzelnen Landschaftselementtypen. Die Karten im Anlagenband zeigen die Kulturlandschaftsgebiete und die schwerpunktmäßige Verbreitung der Kulturlandschaftselemente. Anhand einer Expertenbefragung werden Gründe für die Gefährdung ausgewählter Kulturlandschaftselemente erfasst.

The unpropertied, also known as subaltern people, were a social class that lived during the 18th, 19th, and 20th century in Sweden. They were a social class that hade very few rights and had torely on the closest farmer and his lands to get by. But also, other jobs, for example as a farm maiden or as a shoemaker. In archaeology, remains after the unpropertied are still visible in the cultural landscape they once created. Despite this, the interest and effort in keeping the memory of the unpropertied alive is very little. This is what this essay aims to discuss. This essay will, through a case-study, show how remains after the unpropertied are still visible in the cultural landscape. The casestudy will examine how and where the unpropertied is found in the landscape. The limitation will be at the border between Vena and Målilla parish. It also aims to examine the status of the remains and if the area where the remains are located have been preserved with the intention to focus on the history it holds. The essay also includes multiple historical maps and church archives with the purpose to put a relative date on the objects that has been examined. Later, the author will discuss why the history of the unpropertied is important to preserve and enlighten to the public. This will be discussed with the case-study and other archeological reports from excavations as a foundation, but also other articles regarding the subject in matter.

Hardy, J. 2017. The Archaeology of Mediation. A tourist route around Lina mire? Lina mire in the northeast of Gotland, is situated in a unique cultural landscape, with an abundance of archaeological remains and ancient monuments. The areas surrounding Lina mire include the parishes Gothem, Hörsne med Bara and Vallstena. These environments carry stories from the past which can take people walking there over 8000 years back in time. Having been identified by researchers as an important part of Gotlands cultural heritage, the surroundings of Lina and it´s rich history, are still left out to be seen in the eyes of the public. Either many of the monuments have been rather neglected, or the landscape has changed so much during time, that a lot of archaeological sites, such as ancient graves and settlements, now are invisible. In ancient times the wetlands and mires on Gotland (Lina mire being the largest) were important for fishing, hunting and haymaking. Today only 5 % of the wetlands remain due to draining and cultivation. This essay is part of a larger research project, called In Tjelvars Footsteps, conducted by Uppsala University/Campus Gotland. The aim is to investigate how the archaeology and history could be mediated in these landscapes, and whether there would be an interest in creating a tourist route around Lina mire or not. The research has been conducted by making ten interviews with locals and ten interviews with professionals. The analysis show that there is a great interest among both groups to mediate the cultural heritage of Lina mire. Concerns and problems that must be solved before building a tourist route are discussed and innovative ideas are lifted. The main, overall opinion is that the producers of the tourist route need to establish a good contact with the local landowners from the very beginning. Otherwise the project will not be realized. / I Tjelvars Fotspår

O trabalho analisa a trajetória de construção dos conceitos de patrimônio vinculados às politicas de preservação cultural. Estuda as políticas desenvolvidas pelo IPHAN, pela UNESCO e pelos municípios de São Paulo e Santo André. A partir delas, identifica, no Brasil, três modelos de gestão, um referenciado na concepção de monumento, outro na de patrimônio cultural e o terceiro na de paisagem cultural. Defende, ora, o alinhamento desta última abordagem, como conceito, às formulações da teoria da complexidade, visando inspirar a construção de um sistema sustentável de gestão, ancorado no compartilhamento interinstitucional, na integração disciplinar e na participação cidadã. / This thesis analyzes the construction of heritage concepts related to cultural preservation policies. It examines the policies pursued by IPHAN, UNESCO and the municipalities of SP and SA. Then, it identifies, in Brazil, three management models: one referenced on the notion of monument, another in the design of cultural heritage and the last one in the cultural landscape. It assumes the alignment of the latter approach, as a concept, with the complexity theory formulation, aiming to support a sustainable management system construction, based on interinstitutional sharing, disciplinary integration and citizen participation.

O norte do Paraná foi efetivamente reocupado por meio de companhias colonizadoras e empresas imobiliárias. A maior delas foi a Companhia de Terras Norte do Paraná (CTNP), posteriormente Companhia Melhoramentos do Norte do Paraná (CMNP), cujo objetivo era a venda de lotes rurais e urbanos. Uma ampla infraestrutura foi estabelecida com a criação de uma rede de cidades planejadas, juntamente com a linha férrea e estradas de rodagem, a fim de atrair investidores. A partir desse modelo outras 39 empresas imobiliárias e colonizadoras implantaram cidades, modificando a paisagem da região. Entre essas empresas estão a Byington Colonização, responsável por implantar cinco cidades na região noroeste do estado e a Sociedade Imobiliária Noroeste do Paraná (SINOP), que, após implantar cinco cidades no Paraná, lançando mão do conhecimento adquirido nesse processo, ultrapassou a fronteira do estado e se instalou, na década de 1970, no norte de Mato Grosso, com vistas a aproveitar então a política de integração nacional e ampliar seus empreendimentos com a implantação de mais quatro cidades. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar a paisagem construída no norte do Paraná e no norte de Mato Grosso, entre 1950 e 1978, por meio dessas três companhias que mais implantaram cidades nessas regiões: a CMNP/CTNP, a Byington Colonização Ltda. e a SINOP/Colonizadora Sinop. Para tanto, investigamos a história dessas companhias e de seus fundadores, os planos de colonização dessas empresas, comparando-as, já que a CTNP/CMNP serviu de modelo para as demais; e também a trajetória profissional dos projetistas que desenharam essas cidades, a fim de compreender como sua formação influenciou o projeto das cidades estudadas; e ainda, analisamos os projetos e a nova paisagem das regiões abrangidas, utilizando fotografias do início das implantações desses núcleos urbanos. A fim de empreender essa análise, empregam-se conceitos relativos à construção da paisagem, tomados dos campos da paisagem cultural, da geografia cultural e da história da cidade e do urbanismo. O levantamento de mapas, de dados, de fotografias e de documentos foi realizado por meio de pesquisas: nos arquivos das Companhias colonizadoras; no ITCG; na Biblioteca do Estado do Paraná; nos Museus de Londrina, de Maringá e de Sinop; no Cartório de Registro Imóveis de Foz do Iguaçu; nos cartórios de registro civil em Maringá e Caibaté; e, também, por meio de entrevistas com profissionais e/ou familiares de profissionais, cujo trabalho promoveu a modificação da paisagem estudada. Os resultados da pesquisa buscam contribuir com a historiografia da urbanização do Paraná e de Mato Grosso. Nesse sentido, destacamos que tanto a Byington quanto a Sinop seguiram o planejamento urbano e o parcelamento rural de modo análogo ao empreendido pela CTNP/CMNP, que, por sua vez, havia partido do Town Planning inglês, para construir a nova paisagem nas áreas em que atuou. No quadro de ação das empresas estudadas, tanto os profissionais formados com curso superior quanto os práticos, projetaram muitas das cidades com qualidade formal e estética, majoritariamente, em razão da experiência profissional adquirida ao longo de suas carreiras. / The north of Paraná State was effectively reoccupied by colonizing companies and real estate agents. The biggest of them was the Companhia de Terras Norte do Paraná (CTNP) (Land Company North of Paraná), later on called Companhia Melhoramentos do Norte do Paraná (Improvement Company North of Paraná) (CMNP), whose objective was to sell rural and urban pieces of land. A large infrastructure was set up with the creation of a chain of planned towns, along with the railway and roads in order to attract investors. From this model, another 39 estate agents and colonizing companies implemented towns, changing the landscape of this region. Among these companies are Byington Colonização (Byington Colonization), responsible for the implementation of five towns in the State northwestern region and the Sociedade Imobiliária Noroeste do Paraná (SINOP) (Estate Society Northwestern Paraná), which after implementing five towns in Paraná, using the knowledge acquired in this process, went beyond the State borders and settled, in the 1970s, in the north of Mato Grosso, aiming at taking advantage of the national integration policy of the time and at promoting the growth of its entrepreneurship with the implementation of four new towns. This research aims at investigating the landscape built in the north of Paraná and in the north of Mato Grosso, between 1950 and 1978 by these three companies that were the ones to implement the highest number of towns in these regions: the CMNPCTNP, Byington Colonização Ltda. and the SINOPSinop Colonizing Company. To achieve this objective, we investigated these companies and their founders background, their colonization plans, making comparisons between them, since CTNPCMNP served as a model to the others; and also the professional trajectory of the designers who planned those towns was investigated, in order to understand how their professional education influenced the projects of the towns under study; we also analyzed the projects and the new landscape of the regions covered, using photographs from the beginning of the implementation of those urban centers. To carry out the analysis, we used concepts related to landscape building, originated in the fields of cultural landscape, cultural geography and the history of each town and urbanism. A survey of maps, data, photographs and documents was also carried out in the files of the colonizing companies; at ITCG; at the public library of the State of Paraná; at museums in Londrina, Maringá and Sinop; at the registry office in Foz do Iguaçu and civil register offices in Maringá and Caibaté. We also used interviews with professionals andor members of their families, whose work promoted the change of the landscape under study. The results of the research seek to contribute with the historiography of urbanization of Paraná and Mato Grosso. Therefore, we highlight that both the Byington and the Sinop followed the urban planning and rural land division initially presented by CTNPCMNP, which in turn had been inspired by the English Town Planning to build up the new landscape of the areas where it operated. In the staff of the companies under study, both qualified professionals with higher education courses in the area and those who learned from practice, projected many of the towns with formal and aesthetic quality, mostly, due to the professional experience acquired along their careers.

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2018-09-11T16:39:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jessica de Almeida Polito.pdf: 22916945 bytes, checksum: 075ea6b276974f858c0a08ce4c1e580d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-11T16:39:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jessica de Almeida Polito.pdf: 22916945 bytes, checksum: 075ea6b276974f858c0a08ce4c1e580d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-15 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas) / This dissertation aims to demonstrate that S?o Paulo State?s urban history was surrounded, from the beginning, by the imprecision between the urban and rural environments, especially in the mogiana region, which spawned a rural urbanity apart from the administrative limits and strongly related to Minas Gerais. This way, it relativizes the civilization?s approaches, presenting shards of a road network and spread preexistent neighborhoods, deeply related to the natural landscape, structured according the way of life and imagination of their inhabitants and where ideas and goods that supplied the internal market traveled. At the same time, they worked as communication channels with areas already considered urbanized, from where came diluted influences built from the diversity of beings and ways. This culturally diverse landscape shaped a perception of the urban environment compatible to the existing rural way of life and adapted to the reality and possibilities of the rural population. Therefore, the cultural landscape was the base for the insertion of the administrative network then consolidated the modern regional territoriality. Like stacked layers, intersection and detachment moments are observed, influenced by the encounters, conflicts, dialogs, resistances and redeterminations of the landscape itself and the network. The failure in immediately complying with an external urbanizing model, makes this process peculiar, consistent with the local culture and detached from the belle ?poque concept. This regionalist urbanity kept rustic cultural aspects that justified its spatial features and the organization method of the society around communities, where the production and genealogy defined them as groups. Under this scenario, urban cores presented themselves as places of political representativeness, linking the region to the capital of S?o Paulo, while converting it in a metropolis. This administratively fragmented cultural landscape between S?o Paulo and Minas Gerais territories was kept until late 19th century and the industrialization process, that began during the 20th century, was a milestone on the frontier definitions. / Esta tese se apoia na leitura da paisagem como estrutura de an?lise, e retoma a discuss?o sobre o processo de urbaniza??o brasileiro, buscando demonstrar que na din?mica existente entre o territ?rio administrativo e o territ?rio das viv?ncias existiram momentos de intersec??es demarcados pela pr?pria rede urbana. Se por um lado a vivencias, os v?nculos e os la?os afetivos entre indiv?duos e a terra fomentaram a consolida??o de estruturas de organiza??o pertinentes ao meio no qual estava inserido, por outro, o processo de funda??o de novas vilas e freguesias correspondeu ? logica dos dom?nios territoriais administrativos que avan?ava sobre o sert?o. Entre estas duas l?gicas de compreens?o territorial verificava-se a imprecis?o entre seus contornos, aproxima??es e distanciamento que dinamizaram a Paisagem Mogiana. Dela participaram fragmentos de uma rede de caminhos e bairros dispersos preexistentes, por onde circulavam diferentes entes e influ?ncias dilu?das. Esta paisagem culturalmente multifacetada fomentou o forjar de uma no??o de urbano compat?vel ao modus operandi existente no sert?o. Como camadas sobrepostas, verificam-se momentos de intersec??es e distanciamentos marcados pelos encontros, conflitos, di?logos, resist?ncias e ressignifica??es da pr?pria paisagem e da rede. A n?o compatibiliza??o imediata com um modelo urbanizador externo converte este processo em algo peculiar, condizente com a cultura local e distanciado do conceito de belle ?poque. Esta urbanidade regionalista guardava consigo tra?os culturais r?sticos, que justificavam a sua espacialidade e a forma de organiza??o da sociedade em torno de comunidades, onde a produ??o e a genealogia os definiam enquanto grupo. Neste cen?rio, os n?cleos urbanos se mostravam como locais da representatividade pol?tica, interligando a regi?o ? capital paulista, ao passo que a convertia em metr?pole. A paisagem cultural que ao mesmo tempo era fragmentada administrativamente entre territ?rio paulista e territ?rio mineiro se manteve assim at? finais do s?culo XIX, sendo o processo de industrializa??o iniciado no s?culo XX um marco na defini??o das fronteiras.