Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (LL.M.). / Written for the Institute of Air and Space Law. Title from title page of PDF (viewed 2009/06/17). Includes bibliographical references.

Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Civil. Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Escola de Minas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. / Submitted by Oliveira Flávia (flavia@sisbin.ufop.br) on 2014-12-04T16:41:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_AnáliseComputacionalMDF.pdf: 3056157 bytes, checksum: 9ab42896c7f77eab74d0c9eb430f8f96 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Gracilene Carvalho (gracilene@sisbin.ufop.br) on 2014-12-09T20:23:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_AnáliseComputacionalMDF.pdf: 3056157 bytes, checksum: 9ab42896c7f77eab74d0c9eb430f8f96 (MD5) / Submitted by Oliveira Flávia (flavia@sisbin.ufop.br) on 2015-01-23T17:19:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_AnáliseComputacionalMDF.pdf: 3056157 bytes, checksum: 9ab42896c7f77eab74d0c9eb430f8f96 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Gracilene Carvalho (gracilene@sisbin.ufop.br) on 2015-01-26T11:35:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_AnáliseComputacionalMDF.pdf: 3056157 bytes, checksum: 9ab42896c7f77eab74d0c9eb430f8f96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-26T11:35:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_AnáliseComputacionalMDF.pdf: 3056157 bytes, checksum: 9ab42896c7f77eab74d0c9eb430f8f96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / As cascas cilíndricas são elementos estruturais bastante utilizados como tubulações enterradas, estruturas de contenção de túneis e poços, e depósitos de diversos materiais, na forma de silos ou tanques. Nessas aplicações as cascas cilíndricas interagem com o meio elástico, no caso solo ou rocha. Essa interação pode ser considerada de duas forma diferentes: com um problema de contato bilateral (PCB), quando a estrutura e o meio não perdem contato durante o processo de deformação; e como um problema de contato unilateral (PCU), quando a casca não está completamente fixa e pode perder contato com o meio para determinadas condições de carregamento. Portanto, esta tese tem como principal objetivo o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta, ou programa computacional, para o estudo e análise de problemas envolvendo cascas cilíndricas com restrições bilaterais e unilaterais de contato impostas por bases elásticas. Essa ferramenta computacional apresenta como principais características: i. o emprego do Método das Diferenças Finitas (MDF) para aproximar as derivadas das equações diferenciais de equilíbrio do sistema casca-base elástica. Adota-se neste trabalho a Teoria de Casca de Sanders, que pode ser aplicada para cascas ou painéis cilíndricos pouco ou muito abatidos; e as bases elásticas são aproximadas pelos modelos de Winkler e Pasternak; ii. o emprego de metodologias de solução desses PCB e PCU. No caso do PCB, a região de contato Sc entre os corpos (casca-base) é conhecida a priori, e sua solução pode ser obtida de forma direta, se as hipóteses de pequenos deslocamentos e material elástico forem consideradas. No caso do PCU, tem-se como principal desafio a definição da região de contato entre os corpos, Sc, que não é conhecida a priori, e adotam-se aqui duas estratégias de solução desse problema (ES1 e ES2, respectivamente). Na primeira, a interação casca-base é avaliada considerando diretamente as restrições de contato unilateral e resolvendo-se um Problema de Complementaridade Linear (PCL). Na segunda, a região de contato Sc é inicialmente aproximada e na sequência utiliza-se o método de Newton-Raphson para corrigi-la e avaliar a participação da base elástica na obtenção de outras incógnitas do problema. Essa ferramenta computacional foi desenvolvida usando a linguagem de programação Fortran®. Diversos exemplos numéricos são apresentados e analisados com o intuito de averiguar a eficiência das metodologias implementadas para soluções dos problemas de contato. No final da tese, algumas conclusões e observações referentes ao sistema computacional desenvolvido e às metodologias numéricas propostas são estabelecidas. Além de o MDF ter se apresentado como um método de fácil implementação e utilização, as estratégias de solução não linear adotadas se mostraram semelhantes, em termos de resultados obtidos, mas com ligeiro ganho de eficiência computacional por parte da ES1. Por fim, sugestões para novas pesquisas são apresentadas. ____________________________________________________________________________ / ABSTRACT: Buried pipelines, containment structures for tunnels and shafts, and deposits of various materials in the form of silos or tanks all use structural elements known as cylindrical shells. Cylindrical shells interact in these applications with elastic means, in these cases soil or rock. This interaction can be considered in two ways. First, it can be considered a bilateral contact problem (BCP) where, during the deformation process, structure and base remain in contact; second, it can be considered a unilateral contact problem (UCP) where, under certain loading conditions, the shell is not completely fixed and may lose contact with the medium. The main objective of this thesis then is to develop a computational tool for the study and analysis of problems, imposed by elastic base contact, involving cylindrical shells with bilateral and unilateral restrictions. This numerical tool has as main features: i. the use of the finite difference method (FDM) to approximate the derivatives of the differential equations of equilibrium of the system’s shell-elastic base. This paper adopts Sanders’ theory for shells, which can be applied to cylindrical shells and panels, and approximates the elastic bases using Winkler’s and Pasternak’s models. ii. Employment of methodologies for solving these BCPs and UCPs. In the case of BCP, the region of contact between the bodies Sc (shell-base) is known a priori; its solution can be obtained directly if one considers the assumptions of small displacements and elastic material. In the case of UCP, the main challenge is the definition of the area of contact between the bodies Sc, which is unknown a priori; to solve this problem, the current study adopts two strategies for solving this problem (ES1 and ES2, respectively). First, the interaction shell-base is calculated by considering directly the unilateral contact constraints and solving a linear complementarity problem (LCP). Second, the contact area Sc is initially approximated and corrected, via Newton-Raphson’s method, by evaluating the participation of the elastic foundation in obtaining other unknown variables. This numerical tool was developed using the programming language Fortran ®. To determine the efficiency of these methodologies, the work presents and analyzes several numerical examples. The end of the thesis, offers some conclusions and remarks regarding the computing system developed and the proposed numerical methodologies. Besides the MDF have been presented as a method easy to implement and use, the nonlinear solution strategies adopted were similar in terms of results, though ES1 showed a slight gain in computational efficiency. Finally, suggestions for further research are presented.

Submitted by ADILSON PIMENTEL JUNIOR null (adilson_pimentel@outlook.com) on 2017-04-24T15:46:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO ADILSON.pdf: 1305987 bytes, checksum: 293acd3eea6e3072ca11a7a8d59bf53d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-04-26T13:39:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pimenteljunior_a_me_bot.pdf: 1305987 bytes, checksum: 293acd3eea6e3072ca11a7a8d59bf53d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-26T13:39:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pimenteljunior_a_me_bot.pdf: 1305987 bytes, checksum: 293acd3eea6e3072ca11a7a8d59bf53d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Objetivou-se avaliar a influência dos sistemas de condução do cordão principal e de porta-enxertos no desenvolvimento vegetativo, na fertilidade de gemas, na produção, nas características físico-químicas dos cachos e bagas e na evolução da maturação da uva ‘Niagara Rosada’. O experimento foi realizado nos ciclos produtivos de 2014 e 2015 no município de São Manuel-SP (22° 44’ S e 48° 34’ O e 740 m). As plantas foram sustentadas em espaldeira baixa no espaçamento de 2,0 x 0,80 m. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2 x 2, correspondendo aos dois porta-enxertos (‘IAC 766’ e ‘IAC 572’) e dois sistemas de condução do cordão principal (unilateral e bilateral). Foram avaliados o número de gemas do cordão principal e o número de ramos por planta, fertilidade de gemas, comprimento, diâmetro e massa fresca dos mesmos. Durante o ciclo foram avaliadas a duração dos estádios fenológicos e a evolução da maturação das uvas. Na colheita, avaliaram-se: número de cachos por planta, produção; produtividade; massa fresca, comprimento e largura de cachos, bagas e engaços; número de bagas por cacho e relação entre comprimento e largura da baga. O mosto da uva foi avaliado quanto ao teor de sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), relação SS/AT, pH e açúcares redutores. De modo geral, o sistema de condução recomendado para produção de uvas com qualidade comercial para a ‘Niagara Rosada’ consiste no cordão bilateral com o porta-enxerto ‘IAC 766’ sustentadas em espaldeira baixa na região centro-oeste do Estado de São Paulo. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of training systems main cord and rootstock ‘IAC 766’ and ‘IAC 572’ in the vegetative development, bud fertility, production and the physicochemical characteristics of bunches and berries of grape ‘Niagara Rosada’. The experiment was conducted in the productive cycles of 2014 and 2015 at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences/UNESP, located in São Manuel, SP (22º 44’ S and 48º 34’ W and 740 m). The plants were spaced 2,0 x 0,80 m, in espalier support system low. The treatments consisted of the combination of two rootstocks (‘IAC 766’ and ‘IAC 572’) and two training systems of the main cord (unilateral and bilateral). Were avaluated the bud number of the main cord and the number of branches per plant, the fertility evaluation of bud, length, diameter and fresh weight thereof. During the cycle were evaluated, the duration of phenological stages and the evolution of maturation the grapes. At harvest, were evaluated: number of bunches per plant; production; productivity; fresh weight, length and width of bunches, berries and stems; number of berries per cluster and the relationship between length and width of berry. The must grape was evaluated for soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (AT), relationship SS/AT, pH and reducing sugars. In general, the recommended conduction system for commercial quality grapes for 'Niagara Rosada' consists of the bilateral cord with the 'IAC 766' rootstock, which is supported by a low espalier in the central-western region of the State of São Paulo.

Orientadores: Krunislave Antonio Nobilo, Fausto Berzin / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-26T02:20:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PignataroNeto_Godofredo_M.pdf: 4422150 bytes, checksum: da1b4a5d2d68ee450ad5793d1645cffc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000 / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a possível correlação entre os ângulos funcionais mastigatórios direito e esquerdo com o lado de preferência mastigatória. Verificou-se então, se um componente oclusal, no caso a inclinação das guias dentais dos movimentos excursivos laterais mandibulares, referentes à fase de deslizamento dental do ciclo mastigatório determinariam ou não um lado de preferência mastigatória. Foram avaliados, 29 jovens indivíduos na faixa etária entre 18 à 25 anos de idade, alunos da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araras. Todos possuiam pelo menos 28 dentes e chave do oclusão Classe I de Angle. Excluiu-se da amostra pacientes que estivessem sob tratamento ortodôntico ou ortopédico facial e também portadores de patologias articulares ou oclusais que causassem influência sobre o lado de preferência mastigatória. A análise foi realizada através de exames clínicos, fotografias intra-orais e extra-orais, eletromiografia dos músculos masseter e temporal em repouso e durante mastigação habitual utilizando-se cenoura e parafilm, filmagem durante a mastigação para análise visual do ciclo mastigatório e também registro do ângulo funcional mastigatório com o uso de um pantógrafo intra-oral, além da subsequente medição dos respectivos ângulos. Após a obtenção dos dados, realizou-se análise estatística (Teste Exato de Fisher) para verificação dos resultados. De 29 sujeitos, durante mastigação de cenoura, verificou-se em 23, preferência mastigatória do lado onde o ângulo funcional era menor (77,31 % da amostra, com p<O,O5), sendo que dos 6 indivíduos que não se enquadraram neste perfil, 5 (17,24% da amostra, com p<O,O5) possuíam ângulos funcionais direito e esquerdo próximos (menor ou igual a 5° de diferença). De 29 sujeitos, durante mastigação de parafilm, verificou-se em 21, preferência mastigatória do lado onde o ângulo funcional era menor (72,41% da amostra), sendo que dos 8 que não se enquadraram neste perfil, 7 (24,14% da amostra) possuíam ângulos funcionais direito e esquerdo próximos (menor ou igual a cinco graus de diferença). Concluiuse então que existe uma associação entre o lado de preferência mastigatória e olado com menor ângulo funcional em relação a um plano de referência horizontal. Observou-se também que na maioria dos indivíduos onde não se encontrou associação entre os fatores estudados, houve uma proximidade entre os ângulos funcionais direito e esquerdo (diferença menor ou igual à cinco graus) / Abstract: The aim of this work is to determine the possible correlation between the masticatory functional angles and the masticatory preference side. It was verified then if a occlusal component, in this case, the dental guides inclination of the latero-protrusive jaws movements, referring to the dental sliding phase of the masticatory cycle could determine or not a masticatory preference side. A group of twenty nine students in an 18-25 age group with characteristics of articulate and oclusal health trom the Araras Dentistry College course was studied. It was also evaluated several oclusal and articulate characteristics to exclude patients who carried pathologies that prevented them from taking part in the experiment or that caused any influence on the masticatory preference side, like dental absences, decays, impertect restorations, etc. Complementing the data collect, clinical exams were done, intra-oral and extra-oral pictures were taken. Masseter and temporal muscles electromyography in rest and during habitual mastication being used carrot and parafilm were pertormed. In the same time, the mastication was recorded in video tapes for visual analysis of the masticatory cycle. The masticatory functional angles were also registered by the use of an i ntra-ora I pantography, besides the subsequent measuraments of the respective angles. After obtaining the data, statistical analysis (Fisher Exact Test) was done to verify the results. Qut of twenty nine subjects, during carrot mastication, twenty three subjects had mastigatory preference on the side where the functional angle was smaller (77,31% of the group, with p<O,O5), and six subjects didn't fit this profile, five (17,24% of the group, with p<O,O5) they possessed right and left functional angles close to (difference < or = 5°). Qut of twenty nine subjects, during parafilm mastication, twenty one subjects had mastigatory preference on the side where the functional angle was smaller (72,41% of the group), eight subjects didn't fit this profile, seven subjects (24,14% of the group) possessed right and left functional angles close to (difference < or = 5°). It is concluded then that an association exists between the mastigatory preference side and the side where the mastigatory functional angle was smaller. In most of the individuais where there was a proximity between the right and left functional angles (difference < or = 5°), no association was observed. / Mestrado / Fisiologia Oral / Mestre em Odontologia

Le droit privé érige le contrat en loi des parties. Cette règle connaît des exceptions en droit administratif: branche du droit dans laquelle la puissance publique dispose d’un pouvoir de modification et de résiliation unilatérales. Cependant, si l’administration dispose de pouvoirs étendues dans l’exercice de son pouvoirs de modification et de résiliation unilatérales des contrats administratifs pour des motifs tenant à l’intérêt général, aucune définition minutieuse de la notion d’intérêt général n’a encore été consacrée. Cette imprécision conduit, dans certains cas, à l’exercice quasi arbitraire par l’administration de ses pouvoirs et au déséquilibre du contrat. Cette situation a entraîné divers préjudices pour les bénéficiaires de projet en raison de la suspension de la mise en œuvre de plusieurs contrats importants pour une longue période et, en conséquence, a accru le nombre des litiges. / The rule in private law is that the contract is considered to be the absolute law between the contracting parties, and therefore it cannot be modified or terminated without their consent. That is not the case in the field of administrative law as long as this law permits the administration to use its authority in unilateral amendment and termination of the contract. The problem can be stated here that the administration white practicing its authority in unilateral , modification or termination the contract might abuse its right of such practice under the justification of undefined concept of public interest. The ambiguous and loos of the concept of public interest led to the illegitimate and misuse of the administration of its authority in unilateral amendment and termination of administrative contract which results in disturbance of the balance between the interests of the administration on one hand and the other contracting party on the other.

Uppsatsen kartlägger forskning kring psykosociala konsekvenser av plötslig idiopatisk hörselnedsättning och en studie beskrivs närmare. Definitionen av plötslig idiopatisk hörselnedsättning är vanligen en sensorineural hörselnedsättning som uppkommit inom 3 dagar på 3 frekvenser i följd och är mer än 30 dB HL. Vid en hörselskada måste uppmärksamhet riktas mot de psykosociala konsekvenserna som kan uppkomma i arbetslivet och äktenskapet samt leda till isolering. Det finns skillnader i den psykologiska anpassningen till en hörselskada beroende på vilken sorts skada det är, samt individuella skillnader i upplevelsen av de konsekvenser en hörselskada ger. Syftet med uppsatsen var att genom en systematisk litteraturstudie kartlägga den forskning som finns kring de psykosociala konsekvenser som plötslig hörselnedsättning kan medföra. Litteratursökning har skett via databaser och manuellt. En studie kunde inkluderas i den djupare analysen. Resultatet visade att personer med unilateral plötslig idiopatisk hörselnedsättning upplevde psykologiska och sociala konsekvenser på grund av symtomen tinnitus och hörselnedsättning. Några slutsatser kunde inte dras då underlaget var för litet. Men det kan tänkas att plötslig idiopatisk hörselnedsättning faktiskt leder till psykosociala konsekvenser. Den slutsats som kunde dras är att det finns få studier gjorda och därmed lite kunskap kring området, och att mer forskning behövs.

Les phénomènes de contact impliquant des corps déformables abondent dans l'industrie, notamment dans les structures mécaniques. En raison de leur complexité intrinsèque, les phénomènes de contact sont modélisés à l'aide de problèmes aux limites fortement non linéaires. De ce fait, la modélisation de ces phénomènes pose plusieurs difficultés mathématiques. Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à la modélisation, l'analyse variationnelle et l'analyse numérique de problèmes de contact glissant intervenant en mécanique des solides, pour des matériaux élastiques, viscoélastiques et viscoplastiques. La première partie de cette thèse rappelle quelques résultats préliminaires, notamment des outils mathématiques et mécaniques nécessaires pour réaliser la suite de ce travail. La deuxième partie est consacrée à l'étude de quelques problèmes de contact glissant sous diverses conditions de contact et frottement. Pour chacun de ces problèmes, nous introduisons les formulations fortes et des formulations variationnelles. Ensuite, nous obtenons des résultats d'existence et d'unicité des solutions faibles, sous certaines hypothèses de petitesse, ainsi que des résultats de convergence. Enfin, nous proposons une approximation numérique de certains problèmes de contact à l'aide de schémas discrétisés. Pour ces schémas, nous obtenons des résultats d'estimation de l'erreur. / Contact phenomena involving deformable bodies abound in industry, especially in mechanical structures. Due to their intrinsic complexity, contact phenomena are modelled with strongly nonlinear boundary problems. For this reason, the modelling of these phenomena gives rise to various mathematical difficulties. In this thesis, we are interested in the modelling, the variational analysis and the numerical analysis of problems of sliding contact in solid mechanics for elastic, viscoelastic and viscoplastic materials. The first part of this thesis concerns some preliminary results, in particular the mathematical and mechanical tools necessary to carry out the continuation of this work. The second part is devoted to the study of some problems of sliding contact under various conditions of contact and friction. For each of these problems, we introduce strong formulations and variational formulations. Then, we obtain results of existence and uniqueness of the weak solutions, under smallness assumptions, as well as results of convergence. Finally, we propose a numerical approximation of some contact problems based on the etudy of discretized schemes. For these schemes we obtain error estimates results.

Aim The aim of the study was to identify the difference between unilateral and bilateral training and their effect on female handball players sprint acceleration and change of direction (COD) ability. The research question was “What differences are there between the effect of combined training performed unilaterally and training performed bilaterally on female handball players’ sprint acceleration ability and COD ability?” Method 60 female (age: 20 ± 5yr) handball players participated in the study, 30 in each group. A loss of 30 subjects occurred, leaving total of 30 subjects finished the study, 15 in each group. The subjects performed two tests before initiating a combined training protocol, inducing strength and plyometric exercises. The first test consisted of a 10-meter straight sprint that was also divided into a 5-meter split, which measured their sprint acceleration by using Ivar Run System. The second test was a modified version of Spasic’s (2015) handball specific COD assessor. After the baseline-test, the subjects participated in a six-week long training protocol, one plyometric workout a week and one strength workout a week. Once the six weeks were completed, the same tests were performed. The data was recorded in Microsoft Excel (2016, Seattle, USA) and analyzed in IBM SPSS (2013, version 22.0, New York, USA).  Results Statistically, unilateral training has proven to be a more effective training method to improve the first 5-meters (p=0,013) of the 10-meter sprint acceleration test and not the other areas. Whilst bilateral training has proven to be more effective training method to improve the total time of the 10-meter sprint acceleration test (p=0,035). Both groups have statistically shown no significant difference in the COD-ability test. Conclusion Crucial standardization errors were made during this study, which in turn could have impaired the results greatly. A cautious approach to a solid conclusion should be considered, due to the standardization errors and the fact, that the subjects were not used to a training protocol being systematically structured. More research with a similar perspective has to be brought about, focusing on the long-term effect and maybe even on elite players. / Syfte och frågeställningar Studiens syfte var att ta reda på om unilateralt baserat träning eller om bilateralt baserat träning var effektivast för att förbättra sprint acceleration och riktningsförändringsförmåga (COD). Frågeställningen lyder; Skiljer sig effekten av kombinerat träning som utförs unilateralt från bilateralt på kvinnliga handbollsspelare som tävlar på amatörnivå. Metod 60 kvinnliga handbollsspelare (age: 20 ± 5yr) deltog i studien. Totalt genomförde 30 stycken deltagare hela studien, 15 per grupp, vilket innebär ett bortfall på 30 stycken. Innan träningsperioden började fick deltagarna genomföra två förtester. Första testet var ett 10-meters sprint accelerationstest, som hade splittider på 5-meter, andra testet var en modifierad Spasics (2015), som är ett riktningsförändringsförmågatest. De testades tider mättes med IVAR Run system. Efter testerna, genomförde deltagarna ett sex-veckors långt träningsprogram, varje vecka genomfördes ett styrkepass och ett plyometriskt träningpass. Eftertester genomfördes efter träningsperioden, resultatet från testerna antecknades i Microsoft Excell (2016, Seattle, USA) och analyserades i IBM SPSS (2013, version 22.0, New York, USA). Resultat Resultatet visar att unilateral träning är en mer effektive träningsmetod för att förbättra de första 5-meterna (p=0,013) i 10-meter sprint accelerationstestet, men inte i de andra delarna. Däremot visar det sig att bilateral träning har en statistiskskillnad (p=0,035) på hela 10-meters sprint accelerationstestet, men inte de första eller sista 5-meterna var för sig. Både grupperna visade ingen statistiskskillnad i riktningsförändringstestet. Slutsats Standardiseringsmisstag gjordes under studiens gång, som kan ha haft direkt påverkan på resultatet. Innan en slutsatsen dras, bör man ta hänsyn till misstagen som begåtts ur ett standardiseringsperspektiv och att deltagarna var ej vana att genomföra ett träningsprogram som var systematiskt strukturerat. Mer forskning inom samma område, utifrån samma perspektiv behövs göras, särskilt långsiktiga studier och kanske även på elitspelare.

Les phénomènes de contact entre des corps déformables ou entre un corps déformable et une fondation rigide sont des phénomènes omniprésents dans la vie courante. Ces phénomènes peuvent faire appel à des modèles mathématiques sophistiqués qui sont représentés par des systèmes d’équations aux dérivées partielles avec des conditions aux limites décrivant des processus de contact (avec ou sans frottement) complexes. Cependant, la théorie mathématique des problèmes de contact est un domaine d’études très large où de nombreux problèmes restent à investiguer. Le champ d’études de cette thèse concerne aussi bien l’élaboration de nouveaux modèles de contact et frottement que l’analyse mathématique et la résolution numérique des problèmes considérés. Dans ces travaux, notre objectif est d’apporter une contribution à cette théorie mathématique des problèmes de contact. En d’autres termes, l’objet de notre travail de thèse est d’étudier théoriquement et numériquement quelques problèmes de contact entre un corps déformable et une fondation rigide en utilisant plusieurs lois originales de comportement et de contact avec et sans frottement. / Phenomena of contact between deformable bodies or between a deformable body and a rigid foundation abound in everyday life. These phenomena may involve sophisticated mathematical models represented by systems of partial differential equations with boundary conditions describing complex contact processes (with or without friction). However, the mathematical theory of contact problems is a broad field of study where many issues remain to be investigated. The field studies of this thesis concerns, the development of new models of contact and friction as well as the mathematical analysis and numerical solution of the problems considered. In this work, our goal is to make a contribution to this mathematical theory of contact problems. In other words, the purpose of our thesis is to study theoretically and numerically some problems of contact between a deformable body and a rigid foundation using several original constitutive and contact laws with and without friction