Submitted by Priscilla Araujo (priscilla@ibict.br) on 2017-10-09T19:00:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese doutorado alex.pdf: 2958664 bytes, checksum: 37b9701ef9ef903d88001588b2c917d9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-09T19:00:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese doutorado alex.pdf: 2958664 bytes, checksum: 37b9701ef9ef903d88001588b2c917d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-08-28 / Este trabalho busca analisar as políticas públicas para o audiovisual no Brasil a partir da década de 1990 e, mais especificamente, as políticas de fomento à produção de longas metragens. Para tanto, foram utilizados referenciais comumente presentes nos estudos relativos à Ciência da Informação, tais como as políticas de informação e o próprio conceito de informação, e à Ciência Econômica – particularidades dos bens informacionais quando transacionados no mercado. Tais referenciais conferem sustentação à consideração da informação (e dos bens de informação) como elemento central da dinâmica econômica mundial. As políticas públicas para o audiovisual no Brasil são analisadas a partir de dois eixos: políticas de fomento por um lado e políticas de regulação de mercado, por outro lado – eixos a partir das quais é possível a comparação com políticas públicas de outros países. A análise tem como base a construção teórica de uma cadeia de valor do setor audiovisual (denominada cadeia ramificada) desenvolvida como ferramenta analítica capaz de revelar os gargalos à circulação do produto e ao fluxo financeiro no setor, assim como as estratégias de expansão e o exercício de poder econômico das empresas que aí atuam. Como resultado do trabalho, tem-se: (i) a constatação de que a política pública brasileira voltada ao setor audiovisual a partir do início da década de 1990 não integrou as reflexões, comuns nos países desenvolvidos, sobre a potencialidade socioeconômica associada à maior relevância da informação e dos produtos de informação na dinâmica da economia e das sociedades; (ii) que a natureza e o escopo das políticas de fomento implementadas está relacionado à constatação da incapacidade do Estado brasileiro em promover políticas de regulação de mercado que viessem a ampliar o espaço para o produto audiovisual nacional, e; (iii) que o “viés cinematográfico” da política pública, tendo o fomento público à produção de longas metragens como base, foi se consolidando diante dos limites políticos do Estado em abarcar outros segmentos do mercado audiovisual, especialmente os televisivos, no seio das ações voltada para o setor. / This work covers the analysis of the public policies for the audiovisual sector in Brazil since the 1990s and, more specifically, the production of feature film policies. To that purpose, several references related to Information Science were used, such as information policies and the concept of information itself, as well as references from Economic Science - particularities of informational goods when transacted in the market, for example. These references take the consideration of information (and information goods) as the central element of world economic dynamics. The Brazilian audiovisual public policies are analysed from two axes: promotion policies based on public subsidies and regulation policies – axes when used make possible to compare policies between countries. The analysis is based on the theoretical construction of an audiovisual sector value chain, denominated the branched audiovisual chain, developed as an analytical tool that intents to show the product circulation bottlenecks and financial flow in the sector, as well as the expansion strategies and the exercise of economic power of the companies acting in this field. As a result of the work, we have: (i) the observation that the Brazilian public policy focused on the audiovisual sector since the beginning of the 1990s did not integrate the reflections, common in developed countries, about the socioeconomic potential associated to the greater relevance of the information and information products in the dynamics of the economy and societies; (ii) that the understanding of the development policies implemented is related to the inability of the Brazilian State to promote market regulation policies that would expand the space for the national product, and; (iii) that the "cinematographic bias" of public policy, with public subsidies for the production of feature films as a base, has been consolidated in the face of the political limitations of the State in covering other segments of the audiovisual market, especially television, in the heart of the actions directed towards the sector.

The main subject of this thesis is creating a proposal of business strategy of SBU. The work includes theoretical knowledge related to the issue of the proposal of business strategy and strategic analysis of the current state of SBU. The outcomes of the thesis are the processing and evaulation of the real proposal of business strategy, which will be the basis for subsequent implementation.

Tourism fuels the Zanzibari economy but adds to the depletion of marine resources. However, the concept of corporate biosphere stewardship suggests that companies with consolidated power can influence sustainability pathways. Can tourist hotels practically support octopus closures, a novel conservation tool, as a way towards sustainable marine resource consumption? I address this issue by making the first known attempt to estimate Zanzibari hotels’ seasonal and annual octopus demand, mapping their value chain structure and identifying the nature of their demand. The study relies on semi-structured interviews of 31 respondents (hotel staff, hotel suppliers, market traders, food importers and key informants) and official data. I assess the demand of hotels to range between 16 to 27 percent of the mean 2008-2018 annual catch in Zanzibar. Hence, this consumer power hotels may confer agency for them to contribute to resource conservation such as octopus closures. Hotels may support closures particularly if they match seasonality in octopus price and demand. However, hoteliers’ use of a wide sourcing network including imports may lead to diluted price signals hampering understanding and incentives to protect the local octopus supply. Additionally, hoteliers’ weight preferences largely correspond with the Zanzibari voluntary minimum weight limit, but do not align with the desired outcome of bigger octopus from closures. The typical practise of purchasing fresh octopus and limited freezer capacity of hotels may also limit their agency to support octopus closures. This study makes a novel contribution of linking octopus conservation with tourism. It furthermore nuances the concept of corporate biosphere stewardship by assessing the practical potential of Zanzibari tourism, a less consolidated industry, to contribute to marine resource conservation.  Further research into local biosphere stewardship of value chains within low-income country contexts should investigate differences in use of consumer power by small as opposed to large-scale businesses. In addition, similar assessments could benefit from research into local spatial and relational value chains, and their influence on hoteliers’ capacity to perceive of supply status through price signals, not only for octopus but seafood in general. / Utalii unakuza uchumi wa zanzibar lakini umekubwa na kupungua kwa rasilimali za bahari. Ingawaje, dhana ya uhirika wa kibailogio stewardship umependekeza kua nguvu ya mashirikiano ya makampuni yanaweza kuchangia njia endelevu. Inawezekana kwa mahoteli ya kitalii yakatoa msaada wa vitendo wa kufungia pweza wasivuliwe kwa kipindi maalumu, kama zana ya uhifadhi wa mazingira ambayo ni njia ya kupelekea matumizi endelevu ya matumizi ya rasilimali ya bahari? Ninaangalia suala hili kwa kufanya majaribio ya kwanza kwa kukadiria mahitaji ya pweza kwa hoteli za Zanzibar kwa msimu na kwa kila mwaka, kuyaainisha maeneo ya mnyororo wa thamani na kutambua maumbile ya upungufu wake. Utafiti huu ulikuwa ni wa muundo wa mahojiano ya wazi na watu 31 walihojiwa (wafanyakazi wa hoteli, wasambazaji wa mahoteli, wauzaji wa masokoni, wasafirihaji na watu wengine wanohusika) na taarifa za takwimu. Nilipima mahitaji ya mahoteli kwa asilimia kati ya 16 mpaka 27 ya jumla 2008-2018 upatikanaji wa kila mwaka kwa zanzibar. Hivyo basi nguvu ya maoteli wanaweza kua mashirika ya kuchangia uhifadhi wa rasilimali kama kufungia mwamba kwa uvuvi wa pweza. Mahoteli yanaweza kuwasaidia kufungwa kwa mwamba kwa uvuvi wa pweza hasahasa ikiwa watafanana kwa msimu na kwa upatikanaji. Ingawaje wenye mahoteli wanatafuta chanzo kikubwa ikiwemo kuagiza kutoka nje ambayo inaweza kushusha bei na ni ishara ya kuzuia kutoa motisha ya kulinda usambazaji wa ndani. Kwakuengezea wenye mahoteli uzito wanaoupendelea unawiana na ule wa kiwango cha chini cha Zanzibar, lakini hayaendani na matokeo ya matakwa yao ya pweza wakubwa wakati wa kufungia mwamba kwa uvuvi wa pweza. Mahoteli hayawezi kuwa kama mashirika ya kusaidia kufungs pweza kutokana na kutaka pweza ambao wametoka kuvuliwa na vilevile uwezo mdogo wa majokofu yao kuweza kuhifadhi pweza hao. Utafiti huu utaleta mchango mpya baina ya uhifandhi wa pweza na utalii. Na vilevile itaelezea dhana ya mashirikiano ya kibiosphere stewardship kwa kuchunguza umuhimu halisi wa utalii wa Zanzibar, muunganiko mdogo wa wadau katika kuchangia uhifadhi wa rasilimali za bahari. Tafiti zijazo zinazohusiana na biosphere stewardship ya mtiririko wa thamani kwa muktadha wa nchi zenye kipato kidogo zifanye uchunguzi juu ya tofauti ya nguvu ya watumiaji wadogo wadogo inavyoenda kinyume na biashara kubwa. Kwa kuengezea uchunguzi kama huo utanufaisha watu wa hali za chini na mahusiano ya mnyororo wa thamani na mchango wao kwa uwezo wa wenye mahoteli kutambua hali ya usambazaji kupitia bei zake si kwa pweza peke tu bali ni kwa vyakula vya baharini vyote.

Diplomová práca podáva komplexné a kritické zhodnotenie chodu spoločnosti Lesy Mesta Levoča, spol. s r.o. Analýza sa zameriava na firemnú stratégiu , konkurenčné postavenie spoločnosti a jej finančné zdravie. Finančná analýza je založená na štvrťročných účtovných výkazoch v období rokov 2004 až 2010. Na základe výsledkov analýz práca podáva návrhy a odporúčania, ktoré by mohli viesť k lepšiemu postaveniu spoločnosti v budúcnosti.

Strategic cost management is in its infancy. Researches and studies are still in an early exploratory stage and have not yet developed a consistent theory for strategic cost management. The thesis presents a comprehensive framework for strategic cost management. In particular the study attempts to contribute to filling the gap in the literature of strategic cost management. The suggested framework covers the concept, the objectives, the principles, the analysis fields & activities, the objects, the instruments and the key supports factors of strategic cost management to meet different challenges that the companies encounter from time to time and at different stages of development.

No description available.

This working paper was developed with the intention to provide a guideline for participatory analysis and development of commercial forest product value chains, in the context of developing countries. Basically, it was designed for identification and implementation of interventions or upgrading measures for the improvement of commercial forest product (Bamboo, Natural gum and resin, and Gum Arabic) value chains in Ethiopia and Sudan within the framework of a collaborative research project - CHAnces IN Sustainability: promoting natural resource based product chains in East Africa (CHAINS). The PIP instrument could also be applied for other commercial non-timber forest products (NTFPs), by adjusting to the local contexts and environments. It can be an important guide for value chain analysts, especially in the process of designing and verifying upgrading actions through the application of tools like interviewing actors, group discussions, or facilitated workshops. This working paper particularly provides: - Background information on basic concepts of value chain analysis and development; - Review of methodological frameworks for participatory value chain analysis and development; - Practical details for participatory value chain analysis as implemented by the CHAINS project, including checklists, diagrams, and tools used in the participatory process; - Critical reflection on the practical application of the approach:1. About the working paper 7 1.1. Purpose 7 1.2. Structure of the working paper 8 2. Introduction 9 2.1. Background: value chains 9 2.2. Background: Participative Innovation Platforms 12 2.3. The context 13 2.4. Overview of the CHAINS project 14 3. Methodological approach of PIP 16 3.1. Ownership and effect 16 3.2. Stages and roles 18 3.3. Diagnostic survey 21 3.3.1. Planning the diagnostic surveys 22 3.3.2. Conducting the diagnostic surveys 24 4. PIP workshops 26 4.1.1. The workshop contents 27 4.1.2. Selection of participants 28 4.1.3. Identification of facilitators 30 4.2. The workshop sessions 32 4.2.1. Schedule of PIP workshop 32 4.2.2. Preparatory session 33 4.2.3. Session 1: Welcome and Introductory 34 4.2.4. Session 2: Vetting of the survey results and detailed VC analysis 35 4.2.5. Session 3: Identification and analysis of critical points 37 4.2.6. Session 4: Identification and analysis of possible solutions 45 4.2.7. Session 5: Development and selection of upgrading strategies 46 4.2.8. Workshop evaluation and documentation 50 5. Limits of the PIP – a critical reflection 50 6. References 52 / Das als Leitfaden gestaltete Arbeitspapier beschreibt Schritt für Schritt das Vorgehen bei der Implementierung von ‚Participative Innovation Platforms‘ (PIP). Das PIP Methodenpaket zur partizipativen Analyse und Entwicklung von Wertschöpfungsketten in Entwicklungsländern wird an Beispielen von kommerziellen Nichtholz-Waldprodukten aus Trockenwäldern Ostafrikas erklärt und gibt praktische Unterstützung zur Durchführung der PIP Workshops mit dem Ziel, Aktivitäten und Interventionen für Innovationen mit Relevanz für die gesamte Wertschöpfungskette gemeinsam mit den beteiligten Akteuren zu vereinbaren. Das PIP Konzept wurde im Rahmen des entwicklungsorientierten Forschungsprojekts CHAINS (CHAnces IN Sustainability: promoting natural resource based product chains in East Africa) entwickelt, um Bambus -, Weihrauch- und Gummi arabicum Wertschöpfungsketten in Äthiopien und dem Sudan zu verbessern. Das PIP Instrument stellt die Akteure in den Mittelpunkt und kann deshalb sehr flexibel auch für andere Produkte angewendet werden. Der Leitfaden bietet: - Hintergrundinformationen zum Konzept von Wertschöpfungsketten; - Einführung in den methodischen Rahmen für partizipative Analyse und Entwicklung von Wertschöpfungsketten; - Praktische Anleitung für die partizipative Analyse von Wertschöpfungsketten nach dem im CHAINS Projekt entwickelten Methodenpaket, einschließlich Checklisten, Diagrammen und Methoden; - Kritische Reflektion zu Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des PIP Methodenpakets.:1. About the working paper 7 1.1. Purpose 7 1.2. Structure of the working paper 8 2. Introduction 9 2.1. Background: value chains 9 2.2. Background: Participative Innovation Platforms 12 2.3. The context 13 2.4. Overview of the CHAINS project 14 3. Methodological approach of PIP 16 3.1. Ownership and effect 16 3.2. Stages and roles 18 3.3. Diagnostic survey 21 3.3.1. Planning the diagnostic surveys 22 3.3.2. Conducting the diagnostic surveys 24 4. PIP workshops 26 4.1.1. The workshop contents 27 4.1.2. Selection of participants 28 4.1.3. Identification of facilitators 30 4.2. The workshop sessions 32 4.2.1. Schedule of PIP workshop 32 4.2.2. Preparatory session 33 4.2.3. Session 1: Welcome and Introductory 34 4.2.4. Session 2: Vetting of the survey results and detailed VC analysis 35 4.2.5. Session 3: Identification and analysis of critical points 37 4.2.6. Session 4: Identification and analysis of possible solutions 45 4.2.7. Session 5: Development and selection of upgrading strategies 46 4.2.8. Workshop evaluation and documentation 50 5. Limits of the PIP – a critical reflection 50 6. References 52

No description available.

Many industries are today facing the possibilities and challenges arising with an increasingly digitalised world. One such is the scantily studied industry of earth-moving contractors that today stands in front of an increasing amount of digital technologies, which may have the possibility to assist firms in their earthwork operations. However, there are indications that many firms tend to experience difficulties to beneficially adopt or see the potential of utilising these digital technologies. Hence, many firms tend to undertake an adoption approach that is associated with high client dependency and a less beneficial unsustainable subordinated position within the industry’s value chain. The purpose of this study has thus been to explore how the technological, organisational and external elements affect earth-moving contractors’ opportunity to adopt and utilise digital technologies in their operations. Moreover, the study has aimed to contribute with the understanding and knowledge of how the adoption of digital technology can be used to strengthen Swedish contractors’ position in the earth-moving industry’s value chain and in the end, aid the country’s sociotechnical development. The findings of the study are based on an explorative multiple case study approach and extensive review of literature. The results suggest that the extent to which adoption and utilisation of digital technologies differs among different earth-moving firms. Three of the five studied companies are considered as digital forerunners which have been able to leverage digital technologies to increase efficiency in their operations. In the case of two of these firms, the adoption of digital technology has enabled them to transform their whole businesses and partake in an increased and more beneficial role within the value chain. Further, the analysis of the findings indicates that the difference in adoption is affected by several factors related to a continuous interaction between (1) the internal aspects of the organisations, (2) the external context of the firms and (3) if the technical features of the digital technologies are perceived as compatible and beneficial for, the current business process and strategy. The thesis contributes to academia with explorative findings within a scarcely studied industry in general and, regarding digital technology adoption in particular. Additionally, the study provides examples of the previously unrecognised industry-dynamic phenomena of value chain integration by earth-moving contractors. These findings could have implications for the whole construction sector in Sweden. Lastly, the study exemplifies opportunities and barriers crucial for the adoption and implementation of digital technologies within smaller project-based organisations. / Många branscher och industrier idag står inför utmaningarna och möjligheterna som uppstår i en allt mer digitaliserad värld. Ett tydligt exempel är maskinentreprenadsbranschen som idag ställs inför valet att införa nya och alltmer avancerade digitala verktyg som har möjlighet att främja deras operativa verksamheter. Dock finns indikationer att många företag har svårigheter att tillämpa och anamma dessa verktyg på ett gynnsamt sätt och är beroende av deras kunders agerande för aktivering av dessa. Studiens syfte har således varit att undersöka hur relationen mellan teknologiska, organisatoriska och externa faktorer påverkar maskinentreprenörernas möjligheter att aktivera och nyttja digitala teknologier i deras operativa verksamheter. Vidare har studien varit ämnad åt att bidra till en ökad förståelse och kunskap för hur digitala teknologier kan användas för att stärka maskinentreprenörernas position i värdekedjan för att slutändan främja Sveriges sociotekniska samhällsutveckling. Rapportens resultat bygger på en explorativ flerfallsstudie samt en gedigen litteratursökning. Resultaten visar på skillnader i hur digitala tekniker har tillämpats och används bland olika maskinentreprenörer. Tre av studiens fem fallföretag är digitalt framstående och har strategiskt tillämpat digital teknik som gett upphov till kraftig effektivitetsökning. Två av dessa företag har dessutom lyckats med en gynnsam ompositionering i värdekedjan som dessa befinner sig i, som ett resultat av anammandet av ny digital teknik. Vidare påvisar studiens analys av resultaten att möjligheten för aktivering av digitala teknologiska innovationer påverkas av ett kontinuerligt förändrande samspel mellan (1) maskinentreprenörernas organisatoriska egenskaper, (2) externa omständigheter samt (3) huruvida den digitala teknologins tekniska attribut uppfattas som kompatibla och fördelaktiga med nuvarande affärsverksamhet och strategi. Rapporten bidrar akademiskt med värdefull och explorativ empiri till en industri med en bristande mängd av forskning generellt, och i synnerhet gällande utnyttjandet samt tillämpandet av nya digitala teknologier. Dessutom bidrar studien med exempel och insikter om ett industridynamiskt fenomen, som tidigare ej uppmärksammats, i form av maskinentreprenörers förmåga att förflytta sig i värdekedjan. Dessa strukturella förändringar kan få konsekvenser för den svenska byggindustrin. Slutligen exemplifierar studien avgörande möjligheter och barriärer för införandet av digitala teknologier i mindre projektbaserade organisationer.

Forced labour presents a severe human rights violation and affects about 27.6 million people worldwide. Most forced labour in the private economy takes place in businesses linked to the global market economy. In efforts against forced labour, it is therefore crucial to address the role of business operations in global supply chains. The European Commission has presented a proposal for a ban on products made with forced labour on the EU market which applies to all companies and industries. Although this initiative has been welcomed broadly the proposal has served as a topic for political debate in the EU. Stakeholders have contrasting views on what would serve as the most effective solution to the problem and, indeed, what actually constitutes the problem. Research on policy design acknowledge that the way a problem is framed and understood determines which kind of solutions will be deemed as appropriate. This thesis aims to understand the foundations of how the European Commission perceives the problem by conducting a frame analysis of the proposal focusing in turn on how the problem is framed, which actors are included, and how causes and solutions are framed. The frame analysis reveals that the Commission’s framing of the problem is ambiguous and twofold - it includes aspects of human rights perspectives as well as market and trade perspectives. The aim of the proposal is to contribute to the eradication of forced labour, but it also addresses the issue of distortion on the internal EU market and on removing unfair competition. Although the proposal fails to address some of the underlying root causes of forced labour this initiative, together with other legal measures in the business and human rights field, presents an important step towards keeping companies accountable for their adverse human rights impacts.