The purpose of this thesis is to investigate simple Spanish clauses expressing implied will. They represent the way of how we can express our wish or desire without referring us to any addressee. This work consists of two parts, theoretical and modal. The first part is dedicated to the enlightenment of the term of verbal mode. This is considered to be important because these types of clauses are associated with a specific verbal mode, known as subjunctive. We will describe the use of subjunctive in simple clauses in more detail, but without neglecting its alternation with the indicative mode and the issue of an imperative mode, which consists in different approach to the meaning of the verbal mode in Spanish linguistic tradition. The second section of the chapter will then be dedicated to the modality, where we clarify the term and apply it on Spanish language. We will define specific expressions and paradigms that will be dealt with in the practical section. It will consist of a few corpuses analyzes in four different linguistic corpuses, namely InterCorp, Araneum Hispanicum Maius, CORPES XXI and CREA. KEY WORDS subjunctive, modality, wish clauses, Spanish, hable, hablara, deontic modality

This thesis deals with the topic of providing perinatal care from the patient's point of view. The aim of the thesis is to use national legislation and decisions of Czech and international courts to determine under what conditions a woman has the right to decide on the provided health services. From the legal point of view the area of perinatal care brings many questions where it is not easy, also with regard to the ethical aspect of things, to find an answer. During the pregnancy and childbirth, there are situations in which two constitutionally guaranteed rights conflict and with regard to the health services provided, it is necessary to evaluate the situation individually. In the introductory chapters the thesis summarizes the legal regulation including the constitutional law of the provision of health services. Emphasis is placed on the rights of the patient, especially the possibility to decide on the provided health care in different situations. A separate chapter is devoted to the institute of previously expressed wish and its application to the period of delivery. In the context of postnatal care, the legal regulation of parents' decisions about the health services provided to their child is mentioned. The field of healthcare law requires the introduction of legislation into the context of...

"Pattern Extraction - Scenarios" is a documentation of experiences inside of the collective subconscious that is the internet and an attempt at understanding and highlighting mechanisms and effects of algorithmic governance and cultural automation.

In this thesis I explore Donna Haraway’s planetary ethic of making kin, not babies (2016) and how it could be put into practice by way of my own struggles with myoma (common muscle knots in the uterine tissue) and the question of having children or not. The personal reflections herein are based on my own thoughts and concerns, drawn from diary entries and personal conversations, on the issue of birthing and raising children on “a damaged earth” (Haraway, 2016, p. 2). In doing this exposé of feminist reproductive politics and theory in a climate changed and environmentally altered world –Haraway’s ethos in particular– and juxtaposing this with my own localized and particular situation, the starting point for this thesis is that the personal is political, but also vice versa. Simply put, I seek a better understanding of what Haraway’s vision might look like if juxtaposed to a female central European, feminist 28-year old’s life (my own) in order to put theory to the test of lived experience. In my thesis I draw methodologically on both historiographical accounts of feminist science and technology studies and this field’s long-standing research traditions on reproductive politics, and on autoethnographic accounts of living with myoma and a desire for children thereby “connecting the personal to the cultural” (Ellis and Bochner, 2000, p. 739). Consider this thesis an invitation to watch me play string figures with myoddkin, to see us compose, re-compose, and decompose relational patterns among us.

Syftet är att undersöka hur formativ bedömning används av lärare i svenska i årskurs 4-6. Forskningsfrågorna som ligger till grund för syftet är: Vilken uppfattning har eleverna av kamratbedömning? Vilka svårigheter anser eleverna att det finns med kamratbedömningen? Hur skiljer sig kamratbedömningens arbetssätt åt mellan två lärare i årskurs 4? Vilka svårigheter anser lärarna att det finns med kamratbedömningen? Metoden är kvalitativ och materialet består av intervjuer med två lärare och åtta elever i två klasser på samma skola samt en observation i vardera klassen. Vårt resultat visar att eleverna har olika uppfattningar kring kamratbedömning, t.ex. att man bedömer varandras personlighet och egenskaper. En svårighet för eleverna är att de vill att responsen eller bedömningen ska ske av läraren och helst inte av kamraten, och en annan är att inte göra kompisen ”ledsen” eller att eleverna inte vet hur de ska ge kamraten respons. Vårt resultat visar också hur arbetssättet med kamratbedömning skiljer sig åt mellan lärarna. Den ena läraren inleder processen med instruktioner och förståelse, går över till kamratrespons och strävar mot kamratbedömning. För den andra läraren inleds det förberedande arbetet på lågstadiet, så att hen sedan kan arbeta på en grundläggande nivå på mellanstadiet och till slut använda en mer avancerad nivå på högstadiet. Den ena läraren arbetar med kamratrespons och den andre med kamratbedömning. Det finns även en tydlig skillnad när det gäller att ge instruktioner. En av svårigheterna med kamratbedömning enligt lärarna handlar om tidsbristen och en annan svårighet gäller elevgruppen. En slutsats vi kan dra är att vi som lärare kontinuerligt ska arbeta med kamratbedömning i undervisningen för att det i slutändan ska vara främjande för elevens kunskapsutveckling. Lärare behöver dessutom gå igenom hur arbetssättet ska gå till och vad som ska göras. En annan slutsats är att vi som lärare bör göra upp en planering och göra goda prioriteringar utifrån vad forskning visar.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:12:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thais Novais de Curtis.pdf: 9918014 bytes, checksum: 2b014b120b5e55edadd2af4e1851a3c5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-31 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This research aims to investigate how the counterfeit of brands and products could be inserted in the imaginary of contemporary culture as an economic and social force. The study is built on issues raised about the current expansion of the forgery market, as well as the immaterial aspect that follows them up, which focuses directly on the emotional consumption, both sensory and experiential. For the last 30 years there has been considerable effort from companies and their marketing and communication sectors in shifting consumer perceptions of what would be the functional properties of the material consumer goods for the brand values, which come to represent a whole universe of culture, experiences, feelings, affection, thereby changing the dynamics of consumption relations. The immateriality that accompanies the product, represented by the brand, is transformed into a commodity and becomes the object of consumer desire. We will examine the hypothesis that the dematerialization of products, resulting from the emergence of the immaterial economy, understood as an economy of knowledge, information and services, and the consequent branding around an universe of values, beyond, therefore, of the physical feature of consumer goods, finds one s way through a wave of forgeries that aims to associate "second line" products with brands established on consumers minds. It will be investigated recurrent immaterial properties that are ascribed to the counterfeit goods and are able to stimulate the perception of experience on individuals minds. Besides the economic value of the counterfeit goods, there are promises of satisfaction that can be fulfilled by both, the original and the copies. It will be also analyzed how the market of fakes can present itself as a marketing strategy for the dissemination of some brands. The research methodology will extend from studies of immaterial economy and its impact on individual consumer, passing through the development of brand concept and its relations with consumption, to the analysis of counterfeit industry. The authors used as reference of the research are Andrea Semprini, Antonio Negri, Gabriel Tarde, Gilles Deleuze, Gilles Lipovetsky, John Kenneth Galbraith, Juliet Schor, Loretta Napoleoni, Martin Lindstrom, Maurizio Lazzarato, Max Lenderman and Walter Benjamin, among others / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar de que maneira as práticas de falsificação de marcas e produtos conseguiram se instalar no imaginário da cultura contemporânea, como uma força simultaneamente econômica e social. O estudo parte de questões levantadas tanto sobre a atual expansão do mercado de produtos falsificados, quanto do aspecto imaterial que os acompanha, o qual incide diretamente sobre o consumo emocional, de natureza sensorial e experiencial. Nos últimos 30 anos houve um esforço considerável das empresas e de seus setores de marketing e comunicação em deslocar a percepção dos consumidores daquilo que seriam as propriedades funcionais dos bens materiais para os valores da marca, que passam a representar então todo um universo de cultura, de experiências, de sensações, de afeto, modificando com isso a dinâmica de relações de consumo. A imaterialidade que acompanha o produto, representada pela marca, é transformada em commodity e torna-se o objeto de desejo do consumidor. Buscaremos analisar a hipótese de que a desmaterialização dos produtos decorrente da emergência da economia do imaterial, entendida como uma economia do conhecimento, de informação e de serviços, e a consequente construção das marcas em torno de um universo de valores, para além, portanto, dos suportes físicos dos bens de consumo, abre caminho a uma onda de falsificações que buscam, justamente, associar produtos de segunda linha com marcas estabelecidas no imaginário dos consumidores. Serão averiguadas as propriedades imateriais mais recorrentes que são atribuídas aos itens falsificados e capazes de estimular a percepção de experiência na mente dos indivíduos. No limite, para além do valor econômico dos bens falsificados, há as promessas de satisfação, que podem ser cumpridas tanto pelos originais quanto pelas cópias. Igualmente, serão feitas análises apontando de que forma o mercado de falsificações pode apresentar-se como estratégia de marketing para difusão de algumas marcas. A metodologia da pesquisa se estenderá desde estudos sobre a economia imaterial e seus reflexos no sujeito consumidor, passando pelo desenvolvimento do conceito de marca e suas relações com o consumo, até as análises da indústria de contrafação. Os autores que servem como referência da pesquisa são Andrea Semprini, Antonio Negri, Gabriel de Tarde, Gilles Deleuze, Gilles Lipovetsky, John Kenneth Galbraith, Juliet Schor, Loretta Napoleoni, Martin Lindstrom, Maurizio Lazzarato, Max Lenderman e Walter Benjamin, entre outros

Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskor möter ibland obotligt sjuka patienter som uttalar en önskan om att få avsluta sitt liv i förtid och detta är både ett komplext och kontroversiellt ämne som diskuteras flitigt runt om i världen. En uttalad önskan om att få avsluta sitt liv i förtid kan ha många olika betydelser och bör förstås utifrån varje unik patients egen sjukdomssituation, livshistoria och upplevelser. Syfte: Att undersöka hur sjuksköterskor upplever och hanterar mötet med terminalt sjuka patienter som uttalar en önskan om att få avsluta sitt liv i förtid. Metod: En litteraturöversikt har gjorts och baseras på åtta vetenskapliga artiklar publicerade mellan år 2001-2010. Analysen har skett genom en kategorisering av resultaten och Erikssons teori om lidande har utgjort den teoretiska utgångspunkten för diskussionen. Resultat: När patienter, på grund av vad de upplever som ett omänskligt lidande, uttalar en önskan om att få avsluta sitt liv i förtid kan sjuksköterskor uppleva maktlöshet, moralisk stress samt en önskan om kontroll. Sjuksköterskor hanterar detta genom god kommunikation och att dra personliga gränser. De uttrycker även ett behov av stöd och av att få samtala. Diskussion och slutsats: Många sjuksköterskor upplever en rädsla över att förlora kontrollen över situationen vilket kan leda till att de upplever osäkerhet och svårigheter när de vårdar terminalt sjuka patienter som önskar avsluta sitt liv i förtid. Sjuksköterskor kommer troligtvis alltid att möta dessa patienter och det finns därmed ett behov av stöd och riktlinjer. / Background: Nurses sometimes meet terminally ill patients who express a wish to end their life untimely and this is a complex and controversial issue that is discussed all around the world. An expressed wish to end life untimely can mean many things and must be understood based on the situation of the disease, life history and experiences of every unique patient. Aim: To explore how nurses experience and handle the meeting with terminally ill patients who express a wish to end their life untimely Methods: A literature review has been made and is based on eight scientific studies published between years 2001-2012. Categorizing the text of the articles has done the analysis and Eriksson ́s theory about suffering from illness is the theoretical framework that has been used. Result: When patients, because of what they perceive an inhumane suffering, state that they would like to end their life untimely nurses can experience powerlessness, moral distress and a wish to control the situation. Nurses handle this through good communication and by drawing their own personal line. They also express a need of support and to talk about this. Discussion and conclusion: Many nurses experience a fear of losing control over the situation which leads to feelings of insecurity and difficulties when they care for terminally ill patients who wish to end their life untimely. Nurses will probably always get in contact with those patients and therefore there is a need for support and guidelines.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2017-01-20T13:18:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 2044911 bytes, checksum: 899b282f7fa7ebf5d129d430d2fac5c2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-20T13:18:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 2044911 bytes, checksum: 899b282f7fa7ebf5d129d430d2fac5c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Cette dissertation présente les recherches menées dans le but de discuter des idées et la discussion du programme de formation des professeurs de l’enseignement religieux (ER) dans le cours de Graduation de Sciences de la religions. Ce sujet a toujours été une préoccupation présente tout au long de ma formation professionnelle. La recherche présentée comme motivation pour sa réalisation, les questions de recherche suivantes : considérant que les disciplines bien sûr en sciences des religions – licence – sont proposés par les professeurs du même département de sciences des religions, Il n’y aurait plus de possibilité d’articulation dans le Projet Pédagogique/ Programme de cours avec l’insertion de nouvelles conceptions actuelles de formation des professeurs de ER ? Quel est l’engagement de los professeurs avec les politiques publiques de formation des professeurs ? Nous dissertent dans les chapitres, la discussion sur la formation des professeurs, les possibilités, les limites et les fragmentations d’un Cours de Licence en Sciences des Religions. Selon la discussion, Il y a des difficultés pour former une professeur de ER, parce que, pas obtenu ne un approfondissement dispositifs juridiques. Mais, les conceptions d’acteurs de la recherche soulignent les possibilites, défis et perspectives pour le professeur d’ER. Nous utilisons un référentielle théoriques et méthodologiques exploratoire et de caractère qualitatif. La discussion des résultats de la recherche a été basée sur la littérature étudiée chez Brzezinski (2011) qui soutient la valorisation des professionnels de l’éducation ; Arroyo (2011) une politique de formation dans le champ de différends ; Porto (2007) apporte une perspective curriculaire ; Baptista (2015) présente des difficultés de formation des professeurs de ER dans l’éducation, parmi d’autres et utres écrivains et auteurs dans le champ de l’éducation, de le programme d'études , et la formation des enseignants qui ont renforcé l’argument du thème déchante. Nous concluons que la recherche sur la formation des professeurs, résultant d'un travail que le dialogue avec la politique publique et il a été impliqué dans une zone de connaissance qui forment les enseignants ER, les Sciences des Religions. Parce que, votre forme actuelle, présenté la fragmentation dans le programme d’études et dans le formation enseignant. Les résultats sont variés et inquiétants. La désarticulation dans le programme de cours engage la formation des engressoars. D’un autre côté, les conceptions d’acteurs de la recherche rend comme professionnels Sciences des religions peuvent être évalués sur leur formation initiale. Du point de vue de la politique du programme d’études de les Directives de Cursus de Formation Professeuers et soulignant que l’ER est un agent de citoyenneté et diversité. / Esta dissertação de mestrado apresenta a pesquisa realizada com o objetivo de problematizar as concepções e discussão curricular da formação de professores de Ensino Religioso (ER) no Curso de Graduação de Ciências das Religiões. Esse assunto, sempre foi uma inquietação presente durante toda a minha formação profissional. A pesquisa apresenta como motivação para a sua realização as seguintes questões de pesquisa: considerando que as disciplinas do Curso em Ciências das Religiões – Licenciatura - são ofertadas por professores do mesmo Departamento de Ciência das Religiões, haveria uma possibilidade maior de articulação no Projeto Pedagógico/Currículo do Curso com a inserção de novas concepções atuais de formação de professores de ER? Qual o envolvimento dos professores com as políticas públicas de formação de professores? Discorremos nos capítulos, a discussão da formação de professores, as possibilidades, os limites e as fragmentações de um Curso de Licenciatura em Ciências das Religiões. De acordo com a discussão, há dificuldades para formar um professor de ER, pois, não se obteve um aprofundamento nos dispositivos legais. Mas, as concepções dos atores da pesquisa apontam possibilidades, desafios e perspectivas para o docente de ER. Utilizamos um referencial teórico-metodológico exploratório e de caráter qualitativo. A discussão dos resultados da pesquisa foi com base na literatura estudada de Brzezinski (2011) a qual argumentou a valorização dos profissionais da educação; Arroyo (2011) uma política de formação no campo de disputas; Porto (2007) traz uma perspectiva curricular; Baptista (2015) apresenta dificuldades da formação de professores de ER na educação, entre outros e outras autores e autoras do campo da educação, do currículo, e da formação de professores que fortaleceram a discussão do tema dissertado. Concluímos essa pesquisa sobre formação de professores, resultante de um trabalho que dialogou com as políticas públicas e se envolveu com uma área de conhecimento que forma professores de ER, as Ciências das Religiões. Pois, a sua forma atual, apresentou fragmentações no currículo e na formação docente. Os resultados encontrados são diversos e preocupantes. A desarticulação no currículo do curso compromete a formação dos egressos. Por um outro lado, as concepções dos atores da pesquisa possibilita como o profissional das Ciências das Religiões pode ser valorizado na sua formação inicial. O ponto de vista das políticas curriculares das Diretrizes Curriculares de Formação de Professores e reforçando que o professor de ER é um agente da cidadania e diversidade.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:06:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MichelleVON.pdf: 965067 bytes, checksum: de46384950b63a7ca63e81017cb5f2e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-12-16 / In this work, Florbela Espanca poetry is analyzed. The objective is to prove that the loving thematic in her poetry tissues a connection among wish, love and sorrow. The psychoanalitic boarding is the basis to elucidate this connection,which begans with the sight, since mythology, passing by the portuguese literature begining periods and repeating itself in Florbela contemporanian poets. If Florbela poetry corroborates the portuguese literature tradiction, otherwise, it exposes the subject human being face, being a wishful creature / Neste trabalho, analisa-se a obra po?tica de Florbela Espanca. Pretende-se mostrar que a tem?tica amorosa em seus versos tece uma rela??o entre o desejo, o amor e a dor. A abordagem psicanal?tica ? a base para elucidar essa rela??o, que tem inicio com o olhar, desde a mitologia, passando pelas fases iniciais da literatura portuguesa e se repetindo em poetas contempor?neos de Florbela. Se por um lado, a poesia de Florbela confirma uma tradi??o nas Letras portuguesas, por outro, exp?e o lado mais humano do sujeito, o de ser desejante

Bakgrund: Dödshjälp är endast lagligt i ett fåtal länder och stater runt om i världen och kan ske via eutanasi eller läkarassisterat döende. Det dominerar två modeller, Beneluxmodellen och Oregonmodellen. I livets slutskede har alla rätt till den bästa omvårdnaden och sjuksköterskan försöker sätta sig in i och förstå varför patienter ber om dödshjälp. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva orsaker som kan påverka patienter i livets slutskede att önska dödshjälp.  Metod: En litteraturöversikt valdes som metod där fem kvalitativa och tre kvantitativa vetenskapliga originalartiklar inkluderades i resultatet. Litteratursökningarna genomfördes i CINAHL Complete, PubMed och MEDLINE. Resultat: Tre huvudteman identifierades, autonomi, existentiella värderingar samt lidande. Som subteman till autonomi valdes rätt att styra över sin egen död samt självkänsla och börda. Subteman som valdes till existentiella värderingar var andligt samt hopplöshet och misstro. Till lidande valdes outhärdligt lidande samt fysiskt och psykiskt lidande som subteman. Diskussion: I metoddiskussionen diskuterades styrkor och svagheter med vald metod. Resultatet diskuterades med delar av Katie Erikssons teori. Patienter önskade dödshjälp främst genom att få dö med värdighet, undkomma lidande med oro, ångest och depression. Att kunna ha rätt till sin autonomi och själv bestämma när livet ska avslutas. Att inte känna sig som en börda och vara beroende av omvårdnad motiverade patienter att önska dödshjälp. / Background: Euthanasia is only legal in a few countries and states around the world and can be done through euthanasia or physician-assisted dying. It dominates two models, the Benelux model and the Oregon model. At the end of life everyone is entitled to the best care and the nurse tries to understand why patients ask for euthanasia. Aim: The purpose was to describe causes that may influence patients at the end of life to seek euthanasia. Method: A literature review was chosen as the method where five qualitative and three quantitative scientific original articles were included in the result. The literature searches were conducted in CINAHL Complete, PubMed and MEDLINE. Results: Tree main themes were identified, autonomy, existential values and suffering. As a subtheme of autonomy, the right to rule over one´s own death as well as self-esteem and burden was chosen. Subthemes chosen for existential values were spiritual as well as hopelessness and mistrust. For suffering, unbearable suffering was chosen as well as physical and mental suffering as subthemes. Discussion: In the method discussion strenghts and weaknesses were discussed with the chosen method. The result was discussed with parts of Katie Erikssons theory. Patients wanted euthanasia mainly by dying with dignity, escaping suffering with depression and anxiety. Being able to have the right to their autonomy and decide for themselves when life should end. Not feeling like a burden and being dependent on nursing motivated patients to wish euthanasia.