The idea that dance can be understood as an act of communication and a form of language has been already taken into account by scholars. The hypothesis that will be discussed in this MA dissertation concerns a more specific matter: a semiotic approach to different forms of dance improvisation, and notably the method traditionally labeled "intuitive dance". To understand this phenomena two main concepts will be conveyed: that of "quotation" understood via W. Benjamin's essays on Brecht, and that of "notation", as defined by N. Goodman in his Languages of art. Can we understand dance as a language - id est a quotable and notable code - even in its more intuitive forms? How is it possible to "understand", "quote" and "address" gestures, even in front of a wide heterogeneous audience and without any prefixed choreography but only on the base of a free and in-time creating process? Can we understand improvisation as a complex code? what and how does this code mean? Keywords: improvisation, Intuitive Dance, semiotics, notation, gesture, Nelson Goodman, Walter Benjamin, dance, code

This thesis aims to research the art of Swedish painter Stina Forssell (1906-1970) with a special focus on her paintings of interiors from the early half of the 20th century. The theoretical starting point is the interior as an expression of self-definition as proposed by the cultural critic Walter Benjamin in The Arcades Project. The method used is an in-depth analysis of the selected paintings adopted from Tamar Garbs contextual and in-depth analysis in Bodies of modernity: figure and flesh in fin-de-siècle France combined with archival research. The thesis show that the artist’s interior paintings can be understood as expressions relating to the new objectivity, but also that her motives are deeply rooted in the art history. The analysis further shows that Forssells representations of her home and studio paintings can be understood as ”a room of one’s own” in line with Virginia Woolf, and as manifestations of her professional identity. / Den här uppsatsen undersöker den svenska konstnären Stina Forssell (1906–1970) med ett särskilt fokus på hennes interiörer från 1930- och 40-talen. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten för studien är Walter Benjamins teorier om interiören som en skådeplats för individens självdefiniering som den kommer till uttryck i hans bok Passagearbetet. Metoden för studien är djupgående bildanalyser med inspiration från Tamar Garbs metod i Bodies of modernity: figure and flesh in fin-de-siècle France kombinerat med arkivforskning. Resultatet visar att Forssells detaljerade och omsorgsfulla gestaltningar dels kan relateras till strömningen den nya sakligheten men också att hennes gestaltningar är djupt rotade i en konsthistorisk tradition. I arbetet visar jag att konstnärens interiörer från hemmet och ateljén kan förstås som bilden av ett eget rum och som manifestationer av konstnärens professionella identitet. På grund av att konstnären är knapphändigt hanterad i konsthistorieskrivningen finns i uppsatsen också en biografi, som även är tänkt att underlätta för framtida forskning.

The rapid development of generative AI technology challenges traditional ideas of authorship. This thesis investigates the concept of authorship in AI cinema, an emerging approach to filmmaking where advanced AI technology is used in the film production process. The study is focused on the AI film The Frost (Josh Rubin, 2023). It is a short film that stands apart as one of the first films to heavily utilize generative AI to create visuals for the film. Through the critical lens of Walter Benjamin’s theories of authorship, this study examines the effects of the usage of AI technology on the creative process in the film The Frost. The study analyzes how the usage of generative AI affects authorship in cinema. To address the presence of AI in the art creation process, Walter Benjamin’s theories on authorship from his works The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction and The Author as Producer are extended by introducing the concept of “orderer,” a person that prompts the AI system to generate content.

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The digital copy is rapidly becoming the dominant form in which researchers encounter cultural heritage. In this situation, the relation between the original and the digital reproduction has become a crucial, yet too little discussed problem. This thesis investigates this relation through two questions: (1) Which is the ontological status of the reproduction in relation to the original, and (2) How is the original mediated to its digital format? Question (1) is answered in dialogue with previous research: The reproduction is a new artefact, but with a relation (of similiarity) to the original. It is the understanding of this relation that the remaining part of the thesis tries to deepen and around which the second question revolves. This more empirical question (2)is examined through a comparative analysis of a physical original—the 17th century album amicorum of Gottfried Schröer—and its digitisation in the platform Alvin.The informative dimensions “context”, “materiality”, “textbased information”, and the category “aura” are investigated in the original and in the digital reproduction. For this purpose, Walter Benjamin’s concept “aura” is critically discussed and redefined as an analytical concept, and the research question is rephrased in terms of (a) which qualities are transfered, (b) not transfered, and (c) if/how they are transformed during the transfer to the digital format. It is also asked which consequences this might have for the artefact as a source of information. The analysis is positioned in a materiality discourse, adopting perspectives from, i.a., Actor-Network Theory and Material Philology. In this context, a widened concept of materiality is also developed, allowing the inclusion of the “virtual”. The thesis identifies aspects in which the reproduction differs from the original, depending, among other things, on its own materiality. This strengthens the call for users’ information competency when interacting with digital reproductions. This is a two years masters's thesis in library and information science.

在高科技運用的年代，吾人已習慣與科技共處，新型態的智慧科技逐漸影響現代人的生活，科技愈是進步就愈加速人類摒棄傳統靈光的傳承，使人類養成依賴科技技術完成各項任務的態度，這種現象在當今的教育場域已蔚然成形，使教育現場的風景發生異化與質變，這樣的現象是有助於教育更趨近於理想？抑或是與教育本質越行越遠？本論文從Walter Benjamin面對機械複製時代提出的美學觀出發，因十九世紀複製技術造成市場的流通，導致資本主義的發達，文化工業量化的劣質品充斥，降低人們的生活品味與品質卻不自知。Benjamin採取一種彌賽亞救贖的美學觀試圖消解資本主義與文化工業造成的危機，並企圖在傳統靈光消失的現代化社會中，嘗試尋找適合新時代的靈光。當今社會已邁向人類與科技相互交纏的後人文時代，針對「教育美學蘊義探析：數位科技與教育靈光的靜態辯證」而言，本研究建議面對科技與人界線混淆的後人文境遇，教育可以應用Bejamin強調「否定性」與「星叢思維」之「救贖美學觀」，透過多元觀點的自省與開展，應注重「去標準化作業模式」、「陶養美學人文內涵」、「數位科技作為輔助工具」、「鼓勵創意文化發展」與「合作分享共好共榮」等面向，據此導引教育本質的靈光持存，重塑新時代的靈光。 / Living in the high-tech era, human and technology have been closely intertwined. Emerging Technologies not only gradually change people’s way of life, but also unconsciously influence educational practice. Facing this condition of overdependence on science and technology, the author is curious to ask: will high-tech application make education better? Or worse? This dissertation takes Walter Benjamin’s aesthetics in age of mechanical reproduction as starting point, the author analyses Benjamin’s Messianic redemption aesthetics for replying the crisis which is caused by capitalism and the culture industry, and attempting to seek ”Aura” which is disappeared with the death of tradition. Under post-human context of humanity and science entanglements, this study suggests education can apply Benjamin’s aesthetics of "negativity" and "constellation of thinking" to unfold pluralistic educational horizons, and also can pay attention to "di-standardizing of educational practice "," cultivating humanities "," integrating digital technology as a instructional supplementary tool", " encouraging creativity and cultural development "and "cooperating for sharing common prosperity ", the author anticipates to lead and reshape new “Aura” for the age of digital reproduction.

Cette thèse analyse l’articulation de l’expérience de la perte d’expérience à laquelle donnent lieu les dictatures et les post-dictatures au Chili et en Argentine dans Lumpérica (1983) de Diamela Eltit, Los planetas (1999) de Sergio Chejfec, et Los rubios (2003) d’Albertina Carri. Les dernières dictatures militaires dans le Cône sud latino-américain imposent ou préparent le terrain pour l’implantation d’un nouvel ordre néolibéral qui s’intensifie sous les régimes démocratiques postérieurs. Au cours de cette transition, le terrorisme d’État au moyen duquel les gouvernements militaires visent à éliminer toute forme de résistance à la reconfiguration de la société nécessaire à la mise en place de politiques néolibérales, donne lieu à une expérience inédite, difficile à communiquer. De plus, autant les dictatures que les démocraties post-dictatoriales mettent en oeuvre des mécanismes d’oubli du passé, soit par la répression, le consensus politique ou les moyens de communication de masse. C’est dans ce contexte que l’expérience disparaît. Le questionnement sur l’expérience de la perte d’expérience est basé principalement sur deux axes théoriques: le concept de transition de l’État au Marché dans le Cône sud latino-américain développé par des intellectuels tels que Willy Thayer, Idelber Avelar ou Brett Levinson, parmi d’autres, ainsi que sur les réflexions sur l’expérience dictatoriale de Sergio Rojas et sur la crise de l’expérience dans la modernité de Walter Benjamin. Le premier chapitre, dédié à Lumpérica, interprète le rituel nocturne où la protagoniste, une femme appelée L. Iluminada, séduit le protagoniste masculin du roman, un panneau électrique appelé “el luminoso” qui projette des messages publicitaires au milieu d’une place publique de Santiago, pour que celui-ci la blesse et marque sa peau, comme la mise en scène d’un “désir photographique” de garder une empreinte de la transition que d’autres moyens de communication tendent à effacer. Le deuxième chapitre traite de la figuration de l’excès dans Los planetas et analyse comment l’écriture, la photographie et l’espace urbain, en assumant une fonction de suppléments de la voix et de la présence de M, séquestré et disparu pendant la dictature argentine, rendent compte de l’expérience de la perte de l’expérience d’une plénitude. Après avoir exposé le rôle des jouets dans la polémique générée par Los rubios, le troisième chapitre analyse comment le film de Carri sur la mémoire de ses parents disparus transmet l’expérience des générations post-dictatoriales et fait face à l’héritage du passé par le jeu. / This thesis analyzes how Diamela Eltit’s Lumpérica (1983), Sergio Chejfec’s Los planetas (1999), and Albertina Carri’s Los rubios (2003) articulate the experience of the loss of experience resulting from the dictatorships and post-dictatorships in Chile and Argentina. The last military dictatorships in the Southern Cone either impose or prepare the ground for the establishment of a new neoliberal order that deepens and intensifies with later democratic regimes. In this transition, the military governments deploy strategies of State terrorism that aim to eliminate all forms of resistance to the social reconfiguration necessary for the implementation of neoliberal politics, giving rise to an unprecedented kind of experience that is difficult to communicate. Moreover, both the dictatorships and the post-dictatorial democracies adopt strategies of forgetting, through either repression, political consensus or mass media communications. It is in this context that experience disappears. The discussion on experience of the loss of experience is based mainly on the concept of transition from State to Market in Latin America’s Southern Cone developed by thinkers such as Willy Thayer, Idelber Avelar or Brett Levinson, among others, as well as on Sergio Rojas’s considerations on dictatorial experience and on Walter Benjamin’s reflections on the crisis of experience in modern life. The first chapter, dedicated to Lumpérica, analyzes a nocturnal ritual where the protagonist, a woman named L. Iluminada, seduces the male protagonist, an electric billboard called “el luminoso” that projects publicity messages in the middle of a public square in Santiago; she hopes to make him wound and mark her skin, staging a “photographic desire” to keep a trace of the transition that other media push towards forgetting and erasure. The second chapter focuses on the figuration of excess in Los planetas, analyzing how writing, photography and urban space act as supplements to the voice and to the presence of M, a young man who disappeared during the Argentinian dictatorship, thus accounting for the loss of experience. After revisiting the debate incited by Los rubios, much of which centred on the film’s polemic use of toys, the third chapter analyzes how Carri’s film about the memory of her disappeared parents transmits the experience of post-dictatorial generations and confronts the heritage of the past through play. / En esta tesis se analiza la articulación de la experiencia de la pérdida de experiencia a la que dan lugar las dictaduras y las postdictaduras en Chile y Argentina, en Lumpérica (1983) de Diamela Eltit, Los planetas (1999) de Sergio Chejfec, y Los rubios (2003) de Albertina Carri. Las últimas dictaduras militares en el Cono Sur imponen o preparan el terreno para la implantación de un nuevo orden neoliberal que se intensifica durante los regímenes democráticos posteriores. En esta transición, el terrorismo de Estado mediante el cual los gobiernos militares buscan eliminar toda forma de resistencia a la reconfiguración de la sociedad que requiere la implementación de las políticas neoliberales, da lugar a una experiencia inédita, difícil de comunicar. Por otro lado, tanto las dictaduras como las democracias postdictatoriales ponen en marcha mecanismos de olvido del pasado, ya sea mediante la represión, el consenso político o los medios de comunicación de masas. Es en este contexto que la experiencia desaparece. Las premisas teóricas en que se basa el cuestionamiento sobre la experiencia de la pérdida de experiencia son el concepto de transición del Estado al Mercado en el Cono Sur latinoamericano desarrollado por intelectuales como Willy Thayer, Idelber Avelar o Brett Levinson, entre otros, así como las reflexiones sobre la experiencia dictatorial de Sergio Rojas y sobre la crisis de la experiencia en la modernidad de Walter Benjamin. El primer capítulo, dedicado a Lumpérica, interpreta el ritual nocturno en el que la protagonista, una mujer llamada L. Iluminada, seduce al protagonista masculino de la novela, un cartel eléctrico llamado “el luminoso” que proyecta avisos comerciales en el centro de una plaza de Santiago, para que este la hiera y marque su piel, como la puesta en escena de un “deseo fotográfico” de guardar una huella de la transición que otros medios tienden a borrar. El segundo capítulo enfoca la figuración del exceso en Los planetas y analiza cómo la escritura, la fotografía y el espacio urbano, al adquirir en la novela una función de suplementos de la palabra viva y de la presencia de M, secuestrado y desaparecido durante la dictadura argentina, dan cuenta de la experiencia de la pérdida de la experiencia de una plenitud. Después de exponer el rol de los juguetes en la polémica generada por Los rubios, el tercer capítulo analiza cómo el film de Carri sobre la memoria de sus padres montoneros desaparecidos transmite la experiencia de las generaciones postdictatoriales y se enfrenta al legado del pasado mediante el juego.

Keywords: GDR literature, historical drama, postdramatic theatre, history, memory, Heiner Müller, Walter Benjamin, Bertolt Brecht, Lehrstück Abstract: The aim of this thesis is to analyse the representation of the German history and its relation with the reality of the GDR in selected dramas by Heiner Müller (1929-1995): Germania Death in Berlin, Germania 3 Ghosts at Dead Man, Life of Gundling Frederick of Prussia Lessing's Dream Sleep Scream, The Battle, The Horatian and The Hamletmachine. The main focus of interest is also the approach of the playwright to selected literary and theatrical genres as historical drama, Lehrstück and postdramatic theatre. The philosophical background of the analysis is based mainly on Walter Benjamin's essay On the Concept of History and his description of the painting Angelus Novus by Paul Klee. Furthermore, the thesis examines the methods of dramatization in Heiner Müller's plays.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcela Costa Lima Kuhn.pdf: 427250 bytes, checksum: de426ae47fa069d54c50570f93512ca5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This Master's thesis intends to understand Alfred Döblin's novel Berlin Alexanderplatz through Walter Benjamin's critic analysis. In order to do so, it will scrutinize the concepts of novel, experience, montage, choc and epic thought by both authors, and also by their main influences, namely, Lukács and Brecht. The aspects of the montage on the actual novel will be deeply considered, mainly because Benjamin points out in an essay about Döblin's novel, named Krisis des Romans that the montage is one of the most relevant aspects the novel delivers to German literature on the Weimar republic period. It will also be presented the changes the Grosstadt shapes into the 20th century subjects and therefore into the novels they write and read, in particular, Berlin Alexanderplatz. And finally, an investigation regarding the political relations between both authors / Esta dissertação de mestrado pretende compreender o romance de Alfred Döblin, Berlin Alexanderplatz, através da análise crítica de Walter Benjamin. Para tanto, serão escrutinados os conceitos de romance, experiência, montagem, choque e épica elaborados por ambos os autores e também por suas principais influências, nomeadamente, Lukács e Brecht. Os aspectos da montagem no romance Berlin Alexanderplatz serão considerados em pormenores, principalmente por que Benjamin indica, em um ensaio sobre o romance de Döblin chamado Krisis des Romans , que a montagem é um dos aspectos mais relevantes que o romance à literatura alemã no período que compreende a República de Weimar. Também serão apresentadas a mudanças que a Grosstadt traz aos sujeitos do século XX e por consequência às novelas que estes leem e escrevem, em especial, Berlin Alexanderplatz. E finalmente, será feita uma investigação acerca das relações políticas de ambos autores

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:19:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Joao Name.pdf: 43545230 bytes, checksum: 93f414005c68b2c4bc1d2e5f02c05515 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-06 / Street photography or urban photography, in terms of photographic style, historically results not only from a new instrumentalization made available by technological progress in the first half of the XIXth century, but also, and above all, from social and psychological conditions which started to reign in that period. This new way of representing the objective world brought innovative particularities like the combination of elements such as mental image, double, objective traces and aura in one perception object: photography. Such particularities are found in the concept of photogeny, one of the denominations given to the charm of photographic images, which is examined here based on Edgar Morin s studies. The analysis of the concept of photogeny leads us, in search of precursors, to the idea of aura in Walter Benjamin s writings, showing intersections which are particularly interesting and elucidative of both concepts. In Walter Benjamin s reflections are included phenomena such as crowd, shock and flâneur upon which are based our own reflections on the conditions which caused changes in the perception, receptiveness and response of the growing stimuli resulting from new ways of coexistence and mobility in the metropolis. Another approach related to the charm, the aura and the temporality of the photography, such as the temporal punctum, is integrated into these previous concepts and analyzed with the concept of photogeny. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation is the constitution of a more embracing corpus enabling the understanding of the complexity of the photographic phenomenon. The metropolis, object of the urban photographer, through its physiognomy, plays a major role in this dissertation, showing itself, like on a photograph, as a psychophysical mechanism whose charm dwells in the indistinguishable relation between the objective world and the imaginary / A fotografia de rua ou fotografia urbana, enquanto estilo fotográfico, decorre historicamente não apenas de uma nova instrumentalização proporcionada pelos avanços tecnológicos que se iniciaram na primeira metade do século XIX, mas, sobretudo, das condições sociais que vigoraram a partir desse período. Esse novo meio de representação do mundo objetivo trouxe consigo particularidades inovadoras, como a combinação de imagem mental, duplo, vestígios e aura em um objeto de percepção: a fotografia. Essas particularidades encontram uma confluência no conceito de fotogenia, uma das denominações atribuídas ao encanto das imagens fotográficas, que, aqui, é trabalhado tomando por base a trabalho de Edgar Morin. A análise do conceito de fotogenia remete-nos, na busca por precursores, à noção de aura em Walter Benjamin e apresenta interseções particularmente interessantes e elucidativas para ambos os conceitos. Nas reflexões deste último autor, que incluem os fenômenos da multidão, do choque, do flâneur, baseiam-se nossas análises sobre as condições que provocaram alterações na percepção, receptividade e resposta aos estímulos crescentes originados pelas novas formas de convivência e mobilidade na metrópole. Outra abordagem relacionada ao encanto, a aura e a temporalidade na fotografia, como o punctum temporal, é integrada às concepções anteriores e analisada em conjunto com a concepção de fotogenia. Dessa forma, o objetivo desta dissertação é constituir um corpus mais abrangente que dê conta da complexidade do fenômeno fotográfico. A metrópole, objeto do fotógrafo urbano, através da sua fisionomia e fisiognomia, ocupa um papel central nesta dissertação, revelando-se, como em uma fotografia, um mecanismo psicofísico, cujo encanto possui a sua base na relação indistinguível entre o mundo objetivo e o imaginário