Parler des médias sous l’angle des identités culturelles dans un contexte mondialisé, c’est pour démontrer qu’au delà de transmettre des informations de toutes natures (information-nouvelles, informations-connaissances, loisirs, et publicité), les médias sont aussi des véhicules de culture. Dans cet environnement globalisé, les contenus publics produits et diffusés par les entreprises de médias n’assurent ils pas une tendance à l’uniformisation des cultures vers les cultures économiques les plus puissantes ? Notre travail a consisté à observer et à analyser cette relation interdépendante existant entre les cultures, les médias et la mondialisation, dans des cas de pays choisis en Afrique subsaharienne, afin de savoir comment les médias et la globalisation, peuvent être des agents de la mondialisation des cultures, ou si des éléments de résistances et de défenses des identités culturelles se manifestent. Les médias ont sans doute été pleinement des vecteurs de l’occidentalisation à leur arrivée en Afrique subsaharienne. De nos jours, prédomine toujours l’emploi des langues des colonisateurs dans les médias écrits. Cependant, au sein des médias parlés, les langues africaines sont beaucoup plus utilisées.Concernant, les contenus, nous avons pu observer que beaucoup d’entreprises de médias occidentales s’implantent en Afrique subsaharienne en introduisant des contenus occidentaux qui ont une influence culturelle significative sur les récepteurs africains. Ces dernières, introduisent plus de contenus africains dans leur programme afin d’élargir l’audience, dans un contexte de plus en plus concurrentiel.L'Afrique suscite, un regain d'intérêt, nous l'espérons prometteur. / To speak media under the angle of the cultural identities in a globalized context, it is to demonstrate that to pass on(to transmit) information of all kinds (information-news, information-knowledge, leisure activities, and advertising(publicity)), the media are also vehicles of culture. In this globalized environment, do not the public contents produced and spread(broadcasted) by the companies of media assure(do not insure) no trend(tendency) the standardization of the cultures towards the most powerful economic cultures?Our work consisted in observing and in analyzing this interdependent relation existing between the cultures, the media and the globalization, in cases of countries chosen in sub-Saharan Africa, to know how the media and the globalization, can be agents of the globalization of the cultures, or if elements of resistances and defenses of the cultural identities show themselves. The media were doubtless completely vectors of the westernization upon their arrival in sub-Saharan Africa. Nowadays, always prevails the employment(use) of the languages(tongues) of the colonizers in the written media.However, within the spoken media, the African languages are much more used.Concerning, the contents, we were able to observe that many western companies of media become established in sub-Saharan Africa by introducing western contents which have a significant cultural influence on the African receivers. The latter, introduce more African contents into their program to widen the audience, in a more and more competitive context. Africa arouses, a renewed interest, we hope for it promising.

Nzayabino, Vedaste. 0419340w. Research report submitted to Faculty of Arts in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts. Johannesburg 2005 / ‘Making things our own’. This is one of the ultimate goals pursued in establishing churches within refugee communities. The refugee church has become both a channel of material support and spiritual factory where social and emotional fabrics are strongly rewoven among people linked together by a common culture and shared experience. This is a qualitative case-study of the Word of Life Assembly (WOLA), one of the independent churches established by forced migrants in Yeoville, Johannesburg. Established by a Congolese pastor, the church counts a total of about 450 members, mostly refugees (about 98%), predominantly from the Democratic Republic of Congo (more than 95%). The study seeks to explore the role of the church in the lives of refugees, and determine the ways forced migrants understand this role. More importantly, it was found that WOLA has been able to integrate refugees who could not otherwise integrate in local or domestic churches in Johannesburg. Language and spiritual problems have been identified as the major barriers to integration. In this respect, the study has revealed four levels of integration within WOLA church; that is, integration of a refugee into a refugee community, religious integration, and cultural integration. The fourth level of integration consists of integration of the refugee church itself. In this regard, it was revealed that, as far as refugee church is concerned, not only church members are to integrate into host community and/or churches, but the [refugee] church itself – labelled thus as a ‘foreign’ entity – is to seek its own integration into and approval from the South African community in general, and host faith-based institutions in particular. Moreover, the study revealed that, in an attempt to meet the diverse needs of its members, WOLA offers a wide range of special services and activities, notably material and social assistance, and pastoral counseling. Finally, WOLA has become a strategic place where religious and socio-cultural identities are easily built and maintained among members, and where social networks are interwoven among refugees themselves, and between refugees and their country of origin.

Estudamos como as representações televisivas construídas em narrativas brasileiras e consumidas por brasileiros, paraguaios, argentinos e uruguaios , participam da articulação das identidades culturais nas fronteiras entre o Brasil e os países vizinhos Paraguai (Foz do Iguaçu-Ciudad del Este), Argentina (Uruguaiana-Paso de los Libres) e Uruguai (Santana do Livramento-Rivera). Concretizamos esta pesquisa sob a orientação teórico-metodológica de uma abordagem contemporânea no campo da Comunicação, representada pelos Estudos Culturais Britânicos e Latino-Americanos, explorando suas aproximações, no que diz respeito à interculturalidade, com a Antropologia Cultural. Realizamos três estudos de caso dentro de uma perspectiva qualitativa, desenvolvendo dois tipos de entrevistas com quarenta fronteiriços, montando e utilizando um banco de dados com as narrativas televisivas que se tornaram relevantes ao longo deste trabalho, e recorrendo, ainda, à observação participante e às anotações efetuadas em diário de campo. / We studied how television representations built on brazilian narratives and consumed by brazilians, paraguayan, argentines and uruguayan , participate in the articulation of cultural identities on the boarders between Brazil and neighbor countries Paraguay (Foz do Iguaçu-Ciudad del Este), Argentina (Uruguaiana-Paso de los Libres) and Uruguay (Santana do Livramento-Rivera). We completed this research under theoretical and methodological guidance of a contemporary approach in the field of Communication, represented by British and Latin American Cultural Studies, exploring their similarities, concerning intercultural, to Cultural Anthropology. Three case studies were conducted within a qualitative perspective, developing two types of interviews with forty boarders, assembling and using a database with the television narratives which became relevant throughout this study, and yet, calling upon participant observation and notes taken in the field diary.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-04T20:04:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 8 / Nenhuma / Esta dissertação tem como propósito analisar as identidades culturais produzidas pelas representações que circulam na Comunidade Silva, dita quilombola, situada na cidade de Guaíba/RS, e busca compreender como estas convergem para a identidade quilombola fixada pelas políticas públicas ou a põem sob tensão. Para compor meu corpus de pesquisa, foram utilizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas, gravadas em áudio, posteriormente transcritas, com cinco moradores da Comunidade Silva - dois homens e três mulheres - e observações registradas em diário de campo. Analisei o material de pesquisa produzido no contexto da Comunidade, com base nas teorizações dos Estudos Culturais a partir de uma perspectiva alinhada com o pensamento pós-estruturalista e utilizando como ferramentas teóricas de análise os conceitos de representação, identidade e diferença. Analisei a produção das identidades gaúchas, as identidades afro-brasileiras e as identidades quilombolas – que convergem para a identidade quilombola fixada por jurisprud / This dissertation aims at analyzing cultural identities produced by representations spread in the allegedly maroon Silva Community, in Guaíba, Rio Grande do Sul. It is an attempt to understand how these representations either converge or strain the maroon identity fixed by public policies. The research corpus has included semi-structured interviews, which were tape-recorded and transcribed, with five people living in Silva Community – two men and three women – and field notes. I have analyzed the research material produced in the Community context, based on Cultural Studies theorizations, from a perspective in line with the post-structuralist thought, having the concepts of representation, identity and difference as theoretical analytical tools. Intertwining the analytical tools with the research material has made possible to understand identity crossings experienced by subjects from Silva Community. I have analyzed the production of gaucho, Afro-Brazilian and maroon identities, which both converge to and str

Diferentes organizações sociais no interior dos Estados-nação modernos, confrontadas com o aprofundamento e a diversificação dos processos de globalização contemporâneos, buscaram redefinir seus papéis, modos de atuação e percepções sobre a pertença à nação. Esta tese investiga processos de construção identitária ligados a migrações internacionais e, mais especificamente, a relações transnacionais entre organizações nacionalistas e emigrantes. Apresenta-se como objetivo a análise do discurso nacionalista hindu contemporâneo sobre a emigração, elaborado a partir da sociedade de origem, a Índia, concentrando-se no modo como processos nacionais influenciam a construção de identidades transnacionais. Para tanto, examina-se o processo de (re)construção da identidade hindu como uma identidade transnacional, por uma organização nacionalista específica: o Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (Organização Nacional de Voluntários, RSS), atuante na Índia e em sociedades com quantidades significativas de migrantes indianos. Concentrou-se na análise do discurso oficial da Organização Nacional de Voluntários, ou seja, no exame de livros e panfletos publicados pelo grupo nacionalista hindu em questão. A pesquisa documental foi realizada durante o período de trabalho de campo na Índia (entre dezembro de 2010 e maio de 2011), principalmente em arquivos mantidos pela Organização, em Nova Déli. Os documentos nacionalistas hindus selecionados para análise podem ser divididos em duas categorias: narrativas sobre a nação hindu que tratam parcialmente do tema da emigração e discursos sobre a emigração propriamente dita. Em ambas as categorias de textos, verifica-se a ocorrência de: (i) reelaboração de percepções sobre a emigração (de modo mais específico, a construção de imagens positivas da emigração e dos emigrantes); ii) (re)construção de vínculos simbólicos com os emigrantes (ou seja, a reformulação da noção de pertença à comunidade nacional, com vistas à incorporação do emigrante nas narrativas sobre a nação). O exame dos processos de construção identitária empreendidos pela organização nacionalista em questão revela-se crucial para a análise da própria criação de canais institucionais que pretendem efetivar os vínculos simbólicos entre sociedade de emigração e emigrantes, uma vez que a formação de filiais ultramarinas, pela Organização Nacional de Voluntários, foi legitimada e estimulada pelo discurso nacionalista hindu sobre a emigração. Ademais, a análise realizada evidencia que a (re)construção de vínculos transnacionais entre a pátria e seus emigrantes, por organizações não estatais na sociedade de origem, promove a transnacionalização dos próprios ideários nacionalistas formulado por tais organizações. A representação da identidade hindu como uma identidade transnacional, a vincular indianos residentes na Índia ou no exterior a uma unidade sociocultural ampliada, o Grande Hindustão, implica, nesse sentido: i) a afirmação da predominância da noção de pertença à pátria hindu sobre outras identificações possíveis, entre os emigrantes; ii) a tentativa de reterritorialização das relações transnacionais entre as partes, isto é, a caracterização da sociedade indiana como o centro de redes transnacionais construídas ao longo de processos de emigração. / Distinct social organizations within modern nation-states seek to redefine their roles, strategies and perceptions of nationhood as contemporary globalization processes deepen. This thesis examines the construction of cultural identities in contexts significantly affected by international migrations. More precisely, we investigate transnational relations between nationalist organizations and emigrants. Since our objective is analyzing contemporary Hindu nationalist discourse on emigration, which is elaborated within the sending-society, India, we focus on the influence of national processes over the construction of transnational identities. In this connection, we examine the process of (re)construction of Hindu identity as a transnational identity by a particular nationalist organization: Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (National Volunteer Organization, RSS), active in India and in receiving-societies with significant amounts of Indian migrants. We concentrate on the analysis of the official discourse of National Volunteers Organization, that is, on the exam of books and pamphlets published by such Hindu nationalist organization. Documentary research was done in India, from December, 2010 to May, 2011. Hindu nationalist documents selected for analysis can be divided in two categories: narratives on Hindu nation only partially related to emigration matters, and discourses on emigration properly speaking. Both categories highlight: (i) the reinterpretation of perceptions of emigration (more precisely, the construction of positive images of emigrants and emigration); ii) the (re)construction of symbolic linkages with emigrants (i.e. the reformulation of the idea of national belongingness, in order to include the emigrant in national narratives). The investigation of processes of identity construction, undertaken by the RSS, is crucial to the analysis of the very creation of institutional channels that intend to realize the symbolic linkages between sending-society and emigrants, once the foundation of Hindu nationalist overseas branches was legitimated and encouraged by the organizations discourse on emigration. Moreover, the analysis presented in this thesis reveals that the (re)construction of linkages with emigrants, from the homeland, furthers the transnationalization of nationalist ideologies. Thus, the representation of Hindu identity as a transnational identity, linking resident and non-resident Indians to a broad sociocultural entity, the Great Hindusthan, implies: i) the assertion of prevalence of the belongingness to the Hindu nation over alternative identifications constructed by the emigrants; ii) the attempt of reterritorialization of transnational relations between the parts, that is, the intention of depicting Indian society as the core of transnational networks formed during emigration processes.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-08-21T11:50:15Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertação CRISTINA PASSOSCORAL_MENINAS_CANTORAS_DE_P.pdf: 617739 bytes, checksum: 6fc0de610636605cfd28855578febef1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-21T11:50:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertação CRISTINA PASSOSCORAL_MENINAS_CANTORAS_DE_P.pdf: 617739 bytes, checksum: 6fc0de610636605cfd28855578febef1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research aims at the investigation of the timbre in the interrelation of Cultural Identities with the Society, in a case study of Choir Meninas Cantoras de Porto Murtinho. Located at the border between Paraguay and Mato Grosso do Sul, Porto Murtinho is characterized by the contact of three cultures of different origins, which is materialized in the use of three languages. With an interdisciplinary approach, based on the cultural history of social sciences, of the voice and the singing, this research relates Music, Culture and Society. This work is founded on participant observation, with qualitative approach, comparing and presenting the singing of the girls before and after the vocal work as well as questionnaires and interviews with professionals, choir participants and community members. During the analysis it remains clear the feedback between the objects studied, tone, identities, culture, choir and society, and their representations, that promote changes in the lives of the girls. Out of this study emerges the importance of the relationship between tone and cultural identities. / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar o timbre nas inter-relações das Identidades Culturais com a Sociedade, num estudo de caso do Coral Meninas Cantoras de Porto Murtinho. Situada na fronteira entre o Paraguai e o Mato Grosso do Sul, Porto Murtinho é marcada pelo contato entre três culturas de origens distintas, o que se manifesta no uso de três idiomas na região. Com abordagem interdisciplinar, a partir da história cultural, das ciências sociais, da voz e do canto, a pesquisa relaciona Música, Cultura e Sociedade. Este trabalho fundamenta-se na observação participante, com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando a comparação e apresentando o canto das meninas antes e depois do trabalho vocal, além de questionários e entrevistas com profissionais, participantes do coral e membros da comunidade. No decorrer da análise fica evidente o processo retroalimentar existente entre os objetos estudados, timbre, identidades, cultura, coral e sociedade, e suas representações, que promovem transformações nas vidas das meninas cantoras. Deste estudo emerge a importância da relação entre timbre e identidades culturais.

Cette thèse explore la complexité de la notion de patrimoine depuis un contexte caribéen, à la fois spécifique et intimement lié aux mouvements du monde depuis le XVIe siècle. Elle s’intéresse à l’entre-deux qui caractérise le patrimoine, entre la dimension héritée -perçue comme un donné inaliénable, malgré soi-, et la dimension construite au présent pour un devenir, manifestée par ce que l’on souhaite transmettre aux générations futures. Le patrimoine se déploie dans la relation singulier-collectif dont il convoque les imaginaires du monde, les connexions entre des espaces et des temporalités diverses. Il peut être perçu comme un baromètre de la capacité des sociétés à s’inscrire dans un ordre communicationnel envisagé comme un acte de partage. La perspective multidirectionnelle proposée confronte des mobilisations historicisées d’un patrimoine outil des pouvoirs, pris dans des convergences politiques, économiques et techniques dans lequel se forge également l’ordre de la connaissance, aux fonctions sociales du patrimoine qui renvoient à une quête de sens, de lien social, de ressources et s’inscrit dans des territorialités complexes. La Caraïbe, territoire polythétique, présente un point de vue inédit pour remettre en question ce couple patrimoine/territoire et les paradigmes problématiques que son institutionnalisation a naturalisé pendant la période de formation des identités nationales européennes, période corrélée à l’émergence de la Modernité. La Traite négrière transatlantique, le système esclavagiste fondé sur la race puis la colonisation constituent une histoire associée à la souffrance, un passé transnational complexe dont la mise en partage est encore problématique, un héritage que personne ne souhaite accepter et qui marque pourtant encore à divers égards les rapports sociaux contemporains. La capacité à performer, à composer avec l’apport de chacun, à transmettre des savoirs-faire s’est déployée dans les sociétés caribéennes avec et contre les systèmes d’oppression, comme une forme de résistance et de survie, une ressource vitale essentielle du point de vue pratique et symbolique. Longtemps rejetés de l’espace normatif du patrimoine, ces héritages incorporent des perceptions peu compatibles avec les définitions et les modalités de traitement figées du patrimoine institutionnel articulées autour des productions matérielles. Le discours poétique et intellectuel caribéen à partir des années 1960-1970 s’est forgé dans une double dynamique, associant la déconstruction critique de l’ordre institué initiée par la première génération, à un imaginaire de l’espace commun inspiré de la volonté de revaloriser les héritages, leur créativité et la capacité d’action des Hommes à réinventer des imaginaires du monde fondés sur la Relation. Ce projet caribéen est ici lu comme la proposition d’une rupture patrimoniale créatrice liée à un territoire en rupture avec la superposition-fusion de l’espace politique, physique et culturel imposé par le prisme de l’imaginaire national. Cette thèse part sur les traces de ces dimensions relationnelles dans lesquelles interviennent des constructions historiques, des trajectoires et territorialités multiples, puis tente de mettre au jour les paradigmes naturalisés, les héritages et les contraintes contemporaines qui participent de cet empêchement patrimonial qui n’est pas sans relation avec des conflits que suscite le traitement du passé dans l’espace public. Le dernier mouvement met ces recherches en perspective de l’observation de dispositifs effectifs : les bibliothèques numériques de la Caraïbe. Il en analyse les modalités de construction, interroge les contextes individuels et collectifs qui les animent et les territorialités multiples qui interviennent dans ces hétérotopies ultimes de la Caraïbe, manifestations effectives de l’utopie caribéenne. / This thesis explores the complexity of the notion of heritage from a Caribbean context, both specific and intimately linked to world movements since the sixteenth century. It examines the in-between that characterizes heritage, between the inherited dimension-perceived as an inalienable given, and the dimension constructed in the present for a becoming, manifested by what one wishes to transmit to the future generations. The heritage unfolds in the singular-collective relationship of which it invokes the imaginary world, the connections between spaces and different temporalities. It can be perceived as a barometer of the capacity of societies to fit into a communication order envisaged as an act of sharing. The proposed multidirectional perspective confronts historicized mobilizations of a patrimony that is a tool of the powers taken up in political, economic and technical convergences, in which the order of knowledge is also forged, to the social functions of heritage which refer to a quest for meaning, social bonding, resources and is part of complex territorialities. The Caribbean, a polythetic territory, presents an unprecedented point of view to question this heritage / territory couple and the problematic paradigms that its institutionalization naturalized during the period of formation of European national identities, a period correlated with the emergence of Modernity. The Transatlantic Slave Trade, the slave system based on race and then colonization, is a history associated with suffering, a complex transnational past, the sharing of which is still problematic, a legacy that no one wishes to accept, but which still impact social relations. The capacity to perform, to cope with the contribution of each one, to transmit know-how has been deployed in the Caribbean societies with and against the systems of oppression, as a form of resistance and survival, an essential vital resource from a practical and symbolic point of view. Long ago rejected from the normative space of the heritage, these legagy incorporate perceptions that are incompatible with the definitions and the fixed treatment methods of the institutional heritage articulated around the material productions. The Caribbean poetic and intellectual discourse from the years 1960-1970 was forged in a double dynamic, associating the critical deconstruction of the instituted order initiated by the first generation with an imaginary of the common space inspired by the will to revalorize the heritages, their creativity and the ability of Men to reinvent the imaginations of the world based on the Relation. This Caribbean project is here read as the proposal of a creative heritage break linked to the maling of a territory in breach with the superposition-fusion of the political, physical and cultural space imposed by the prism of the national imagination. This thesis takes as its starting point the traces of these relational dimensions in which historical constructions, multiple trajectories and territorialities intervene, and then tries to bring to light the naturalized paradigms, the inheritances and the contemporary constraints which participate in this heritage impediment which is not unrelated to conflicts arising from the treatment of the past in public space. The last movement puts this research in perspective of the observation of effective projects: the digital libraries of the Caribbean. The author analyzes the methods of construction, questions the individual and collective contexts and the multiple territorialities that intervene in these ultimate heterotopies of the Caribbean, manifestations of the Caribbean utopia. This observation makes it possible to measure the obstacles of all kinds facing actors engaged in projects that aim to shape or reveal relations between territories that are both distinct and connected and to treat the heritage both as traces of the past and as a living, dynamic phenomenon, constantly enriched by contemporary experiences.

Depuis la fin de la deuxième guerre, l'idéologie du développement a progressivement imposé sa lecture essentialiste et évolutionniste du monde. Malgré les échecs et les déceptions qui ont mis en exergue le caractère non heuristique de la conception unilinéaire des sociétés, la notion n'a pas complètement perdu de sa force mobilisatrice. À travers des inventions et des branchements divers et constants, elle a survécu à la critique par le ré-enchantement de la notion et ses variations thématiques. En effet, au détour des années 80, pour asseoir davantage sa légitimité, le débat autour du développement, non seulement a embrassé les questions environnementales mais s'est fragmenté, en se déclinant autour de plusieurs thèmes et sous-thèmes tels que la lutte contre la pauvreté, l'alphabétisation, le désendettement, la lutte contre le sida… Dans les pays africains, notamment au Cameroun, cette recomposition féconde de la notion a trouvé, dans les enjeux de l'agriculture, un cadre idéal d'articulation et d'expression. Dans la même logique évolutive, la communication, indissociablement liée au développement, a connu des modélisations successives, recadrant progressivement ses dispositifs et ses stratégies, pour susciter et accompagner les changements sociaux. C'est ce qui explique l'avènement d'une communication participative, motivée par une prise en compte de l'altérité et l'assomption des identités culturelles.À partir d'une expérience de la vulgarisation agricole, tributaire de l'inventivité thématique du développement, cette recherche examine la complexité de la dynamique participative avec ses enjeux identitaires. En se fondant sur la stratégie des acteurs, ce travail met en lumière la dimension structurante des identités culturelles consécutive à une démarche praxéologique où la communication s'inscrit dans une aventure herméneutique sous-tendue par une logique d'archéologie existentielle. Par le fait même, la communication adopte une nouvelle posture épistémologique en devenant « lieu » stratégique d'interprétation du vécu et de transgression de la doxa du développement. / Since the end of the Second World War, the ideology of development has progressively imposed an essentialist and evolutionalist interpretation of the world. In spite of breakdowns and disappointments which have brought out a non-heuristic nature of the unilinear conception of societies, this notion has not totally lost some of its stirring strength. Through decades of inventions and various and continuous connections, it has survived criticism by the re-enchantment of the notion of its thematic variations. Indeed, in the early 1980's, in order to better establish its legitimacy, debate around development / growth has not only embraced environmental questions but has also fragmented, coming into a variety of themes and sub-themes such as the fight against poverty and AIDS, elimination of illiteracy, debt reducing, and so on. In African countries, in Cameroun precisely, this fruitful recomposition of the notion has found a perfect frame for structure and expression in the agricultural stakes. In the same evolutionary dynamic, communication, inextricably linked to development, has known successive modeling, progressively refocusing its devices and strategies to arouse and support social changes. That explains the advent of participative communication, helped by the notion of otherness and the assumption of cultural identities.From an agricultural popular experiment dependent on thematic inventiveness of development, this research considers the complexity of participative dynamics with its issues about identity. Based on the strategy used by active protagonists, this work highlights the structuring dimension of cultural identities resulting of a praxeological approach, in which communication is part of a logic of an underlying hermeneutic adventure, being part of a logics of existential archaeology. For this very reason, communication adopts a new epistemological point of view, becoming the strategic “place” of interpretation of actual experience and of transgression of the doxa of development

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:27:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 parte1.pdf: 1478390 bytes, checksum: 3c8ddb2bff5b0452eed8c0f21dcfcf53 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The interaction media networks experienced in contemporary society have allowed the construction of new types of social relations in which the various forms of culture are magnified, allowing that the culture "styles" are available to any individual in any space, either it is urban or rural. Given such context, this thesis emerges from the need to understand aspects of the subjectivity of a youth group that has two specificities: being a rural and being a resident of a MST settlement. Thus, it considers how these young people build their cultural meanings from the interface with the media and how they organize their conduct and principles through the flow of messages they are targeted in the middle of an environment characterized by cultural heterogeneity. Whereas a relational dynamics, examines the social practices of these individuals through the mediation undertaken by the radio and television (the Malhação program). The text convergence between anthropology, sociology and communication, from the triad Youths, cultural identities and media. The locus of research is the MST settlement named José Antonio Eufrosino, located in the state of Paraíba. The sample consists of a total of 42 youths belonging to the age of 14 to 29 years old, 21 females and 21 males. The textual structure of this study include a set of arguments that interconnect from a socio-spatial context, the construction of a typology of youths verified by their habits and even the cultural matrices that the interlocutors of this research build on the effects of media . The thesis argues that although the media pursues a centrality with the forms of sociability of these subjects, this is neither so all-encompassing nor generalizing. Although not immune to the appeals evidenced by the media, and interacting with different cultural spheres of theirs, the identities of these young are not necessarily represented by the media effects. Their cultural values are not lost as a result of influences received, since it does not deviate from their references. / As redes de interações midiáticas vivenciadas na sociedade contemporânea têm permitido a construção de novos tipos de relações sociais nas quais as diversas formas da cultura se ampliam, permitindo que os estilos culturais estejam à disposição de qualquer indivíduo, em qualquer espaço, seja ele urbano, seja ele rural. Diante de tal contexto esta tese emerge da necessidade de se compreender aspectos das subjetividades de um grupo juvenil que apresenta duas especificidades: ser rural e residente em um assentamento do MST. Assim, analisa como esses jovens constroem seus sentidos culturais a partir da interface com a mídia e de que modo organizam suas condutas e princípios através dos fluxos de mensagens que lhes são direcionados, em meio a um contexto marcado pela heterogeneidade cultural. Considerando uma dinâmica relacional, examina as práticas sociais desses sujeitos através das mediações empreendidas junto ao rádio e a televisão (Programa Malhação). O texto converge entre a antropologia, a sociologia e a comunicação, a partir da tríade Juventudes, identidades culturais e mídia. O locus da pesquisa é o assentamento do MST denominado José Antonio Eufrosino, localizado no estado da Paraíba. A amostra é constituída por um total de 42 jovens que integram a faixa etária dos 14 aos 29 anos, sendo 21 do gênero feminino e 21 do masculino. A estrutura textual deste estudo contempla um conjunto de argumentos que se interconectam a partir de uma contextualização socioespacial; da construção de uma tipologia sobre juventudes verificada através de seus hábitos e ainda das matrizes culturais que os interlocutores desta pesquisa constroem diante dos efeitos midiáticos.. A tese argumenta que embora a mídia exerça uma centralidade junto as formas de sociabilidade desses sujeitos, isso não ocorre de modo totalizante nem tão pouco generalizante. Mesmo não estando imunes aos apelos evidenciados pela mídia e, convivendo com esferas culturais diferentes das suas, as identidades desses jovens não se constituem necessariamente pelos efeitos midiáticos. Seus valores culturais não se perdem em decorrência das influências recebidas, já que não se afastam dos seus referenciais.

Depuis les années 1990, l’expansion du tourisme culturel, en Chine, est exponentielle : activité autrefois marginale, le tourisme occupe désormais une place importante dans la société chinoise contemporaine. Ce développement du tourisme s’est accompagné de la protection et de la réinterprétation du patrimoine historique et culturel. L’objet de cette thèse est de chercher à comprendre les interactions complexes existant entre tourisme, patrimoine et identités culturelles à travers l’exemple de Lijiang, chef-lieu de la région autonome Naxi dans la province du Yunnan et village classé sur la liste du patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco, devenu, en quelques années, l’une des principales destinations du tourisme intérieur chinois. Et de répondre à cette question : l’instrumentalisation du patrimoine par l’industrie touristique contribue-t-elle à la disneylandisation de la Chine ou à l’émergence d’une modernité chinoise alternative ? / Since the 1970s, the expansion of tourism in China has been exponential. While previously a marginal activity, tourism now has an important role in today’s Chinese society. The purpose of this thesis is to try to understand the complex interactions between tourism, national heritage, and cultural identities through the example of the Lijiang village, county town of the Naxi autonomous region, in the Yunnan Province. Lijiang is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and has become, in a matter of a few years, one of the main destinations of inner Chinese tourism. In this thesis, we will also try to address the following question: does the use of national heritage by the touristic industry contribute to the « Disneylandisation » of China or to the emergence of an alternative Chinese modernity?