Det politiska deltagandet är viktigt för de moderna demokratierna. Förstagångsväljares valdeltagande 2022 visade på en minskning, det här kan betraktas som en utmaning som riskerar att urholka demokratin. De unga förstagångsväljarna har fler riksdagsval framför sig, det är i slutändan nödvändigt att individen känner sig motiverad till att rösta.   Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka i vilken utsträckning socioekonomiska faktorer påverkar politiskt deltagande bland unga förstagångsväljare i Västerås. Detta kommer att undersökas utifrån förklaringsfaktorerna, motivation, resurser och socialt nätverk, som studiens teoretiska ramverk Civic Voluntarism model (CVM) bygger på. Tidigare forskning har diskuterat ungas politiska deltagande och resultaten visar att individens socioekonomiska bakgrund påverkar det politiska deltagandet. Det finns även tidigare forskning som visar på att unga avstår från de traditionella demokratiska värderingar och institutioner vilket kan leda till urholkning i demokratin. Genom en enkätundersökning som tillvägagångssätt i den här studien analyserades svaren från 80 respondenter för att förstå sambanden mellan ungas socioekonomiska bakgrund och attityd samt synsätt på politisk deltagande. Resultatet från undersökningen visar blygsamma skillnader och oväntade effekter. Det verkar inte finnas starka samband mellan klass och politiskt deltagande hos unga förstagångsväljare i Västerås. För framtidens forskning bör forskare fokusera på att undersöka unga förstagångsväljares tillit till politiska partier för att försäkra att demokratin inte urholkas.

Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-08-10T17:45:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissert Marivado Nunes.pdf: 1212407 bytes, checksum: 13b42062d62e8123ff2d239ee3cb4115 (MD5) / Rejected by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br), reason: Favor acertar o nome do autor na ficha catalográfica. Não entra tudo em maiúsculo. Atenciosamente, Catarina on 2017-09-18T13:59:56Z (GMT) / Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-09-19T14:32:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissert Marivado Nunes.pdf: 1212880 bytes, checksum: 7a92d1c4a04a8e5749633e63b34c1051 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-09-20T12:43:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissert Marivado Nunes.pdf: 1212880 bytes, checksum: 7a92d1c4a04a8e5749633e63b34c1051 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-20T12:43:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissert Marivado Nunes.pdf: 1212880 bytes, checksum: 7a92d1c4a04a8e5749633e63b34c1051 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-20 / O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a importância das alterações na legislação de fundos de investimento, no período compreendido entre os anos de 2004 e final de 2010, para o crescimento da indústria de fundos. Preliminarmente, são analisadas as mudanças ocorridas na legislação no período, seus impactos na indústria de fundos e a interferência das mudanças da legislação nas crises ocorridas durante o período apresentado no escopo do trabalho, estabelecendo uma comparação entre a evolução dos fundos de investimento no período regido sob as regras estabelecidas anteriormente pelo Banco Central do Brasil em relação ao período referente às novas regras estabelecidas pela CVM. Ao longo do trabalho, realiza-se a comparação do volume da indústria de fundos da época com os números apresentados ao final do ano de 2010, estabelecendo-se como parâmetro de comparação a evolução do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB), e o processo da evolução da bancarização no mesmo período. O trabalho tem o objetivo de avaliar se as regras mais rígidas editadas pela CVM contribuíram, ou não, para o crescimento da indústria por meio de análises qualitativas. As pesquisas bibliográficas fundamentam-se por meio de estudos das literaturas que tratam do tema, com base em periódicos encontrados nas páginas oficiais da internet, notícias da imprensa especializada e outros. / The objective of this research is to analyze the importance of the changes in the legislation of investment funds from 2004 until 2010, concerning the growth of the fund industry. Firstly, it will be analyzed the changes in the legislation during the period mentioned, their impact on the fund industry and the influence of the legislation changes in the crises occurred during the period presented in the scope of the work, establishing a comparison between the evolution of investment funds in the period ruled by CENTRAL BANK OF BRAZIL and the time that CVM has established new rules. Throughout the research, it will be implemented a comparison between the previous volume of the fund industry at the end of 2010, establishing as a benchmark the evolution of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the banking evolution in the same period. The objective of this work is to evaluate if the stricter rules issued by CVM contributed or not to the industry's growth, using qualitative and quantitative analysis. The bibliography is based on literary research concerning the theme, articles found in official web pages, news from specialized press and others.

Submitted by David de Almeida (david@almeidafroner.com.br) on 2018-03-23T17:06:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fgv-mestrado-profissional-David-TCC-versão-final-editada.pdf: 646372 bytes, checksum: ddda42bdfa2dcf2064ec69d2009cc4cd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Thais Oliveira (thais.oliveira@fgv.br) on 2018-03-26T23:13:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fgv-mestrado-profissional-David-TCC-versão-final-editada.pdf: 646372 bytes, checksum: ddda42bdfa2dcf2064ec69d2009cc4cd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-03-27T14:08:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fgv-mestrado-profissional-David-TCC-versão-final-editada.pdf: 646372 bytes, checksum: ddda42bdfa2dcf2064ec69d2009cc4cd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-27T14:08:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fgv-mestrado-profissional-David-TCC-versão-final-editada.pdf: 646372 bytes, checksum: ddda42bdfa2dcf2064ec69d2009cc4cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-13 / Após a introdução do International Financial Reporting Standards ('IFRS') no Brasil por meio da Lei nº 11.638/2007, a discussão acerca da classificação contábil dos instrumentos financeiros híbridos como dívida ou patrimônio se intensificou. Isso porque a introdução do IFRS no Brasil não foi acompanhada da alteração ou reavaliação dos instrumentos financeiros previstos na Lei das Sociedades por Ações (Lei 6.404/1976). Nesse ínterim, sociedades empresarias foram obrigadas a contabilizar no passivo valores anteriormente contabilizados no patrimônio líquido. No caso das companhias abertas, a CVM requereu a reelaboração das demonstrações financeiras de 5 (cinco) sociedades cujos instrumentos financeiros híbridos foram classificados no patrimônio líquido, ao invés do passivo. A prática tributária não se mantém ao largo dessa discussão. Não obstante a publicação da Lei 12.973/2014, que, em tese, neutralizou os efeitos tributários dos novos métodos e critérios contábeis, a reelaboração da demonstração financeira por determinação da CVM traz consequências tributárias não reguladas pelo legislador, tais como alteração do lucro líquido, limite de subcapitalização e método de equivalência patrimonial. Diante da utilização pelo direito tributário de institutos, conceitos e formas de direito privado, tais como lucro e patrimônio líquido, o que se propõe a analisar são os efeitos tributários decorrentes da reelaboração da demonstração financeira determinada pela CVM. / After the establishment of the International Financial Reporting Standards ('IFRS') in Brazil by means of Law nº 11.638/2007, the discussion about the accounting classification of financial hybrid instruments as debt or equity was intensified considering that this establishment was not followed by amendment or reassessment of financial instruments provided by the Business Corporation Law (Law nº 6.404/1976). In the meantime, business enterprises were obliged to record under liabilities numbers previously recorded under shareholders´ equity. In the case of listed companies, the Securities and Exchange Commission ('CVM') required the re-elaboration of financial statements from 5 (five) corporations which financial hybrid instruments were classified under shareholders´ equity and not under liabilities. The tax practice does not distance itself from this discussion. Despite the publication of Law nº 12.973/2014, that, in theory, neutralized the tax effects of the new methodology and accounting criteria, the re-elaboration of financial statements determined by the Securities and Exchange Commission ('CVM') has tax consequences not regulated by the legislator, such as net profit change, undercapitalization limit and equity method. Considering the use by tax law of standards, concepts and forms from private law, such as profit and shareholder´s equity, what is proposed to be analyzed are the tax effects generated by the re-elaboration of financial statements determined by the Securities and Exchange Commission ('CVM').

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:32:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vinicius Jose Ribeiro de Carvalho.pdf: 508933 bytes, checksum: 35f5bc3268f8eb84a3d4d15678926b51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-03 / This study seeks to understand the utilization of EBITDA by Brazilian market professionals. EBITDA, which emerged in the 1970s in the United States as a tool to measure the operating performance of companies with heavy capital investments and / or highly leveraged companies, due to its success quickly spread throughout the world as an important proxy for cash flows. However, over the years the academic and professional community, as well as regulators and standard-setting bodies, raised a number of criticisms and warnings on its use, possibly greater than its virtues. Thus, was born the motivation of this work: why and how highly skilled and qualified professionals continue utilizing EBITDA in their daily work, despite its conceptual weaknesses? Additionally, there was the motivation to discuss an issue lacking depth in Brazil. This is a qualitative and exploratory study, conducted through interviews with a sample of professionals selected by convenience and the data analyzed by the content analysis technique, with ATLAS.ti software support. The results show that the professionals of the sample continue using EBITDA mainly for ease of use and calculation, and deem it a good measure of operating performance. However, in addition to several criticisms, also showed us that they continue to utilize EBITDA due to the lack of a good proxy for cash flow that has a similar cost-benefit relation. Finally, we identified that one of the probable reasons for its mass utilization lies in Mimetic Isomorphism, as analyzed by the New Institutional Sociology, or Neo-institutionalism. / Este trabalho buscou entender a utilização do EBITDA por profissionais atuantes no mercado profissional brasileiro. O EBITDA, que despontou na década de 1970 nos Estados Unidos da América como uma ferramenta para medir o desempenho operacional de empresas com pesados investimentos em capital intensivo e/ou empresas altamente alavancadas, devido ao seu sucesso rapidamente se disseminou por todo o mundo como uma importante proxy para fluxos de caixa. No entanto, ao longo dos anos a comunidade acadêmica e profissional, assim como órgãos reguladores e normatizadores, levantaram uma série de críticas e ponderações quanto ao seu uso, possivelmente maiores que suas virtudes. Assim, nasceu a motivação deste trabalho: por que e como profissionais tão gabaritados continuam utilizando o EBITDA em seu dia a dia, apesar de suas fragilidades conceituais? Também teve-se a motivação de discutir um tema pouco aprofundado no Brasil. Trata-se de um trabalho de cunho qualitativo e exploratório, realizado através de entrevista com amostra de profissionais selecionados por conveniência e com os dados analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo, com suporte do software ATLAS.ti. Os resultados apontaram que os profissionais da amostra continuam utilizando o EBITDA principalmente pela facilidade de uso e de cálculo, além de entenderem ser uma boa medida de desempenho operacional. No entanto, além das diversas críticas tecidas, apontam também que o utilizam devido a falta de uma boa proxy para fluxo de caixa que tenha custo benefício de utilização semelhante. Por fim, identificamos que uma das razões para sua utilização reside no Isomorfismo Mimético, conforme analisado pela Nova Sociologia Institucional, ou Neo-institucionalismo.

Master of Science in Biomedical Sciences / Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology / Alison P. Adams / The animal health industry is a growing industry. Owners of pets and other animals want to ensure their animals are healthy. To do this, the animal health industry markets a variety of products from pharmaceutical products, such as antibiotics, to biological products, such as vaccines. These products are developed and marketed after the company provides regulators the necessary information as guided by a set of regulations. Pharmaceutical products follow Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations, while biological products follow Title 9 of the Code of Federal Regulations. During the product development process as well as after marketing, regardless of the regulations to follow, each product must go through testing for efficacy, safety, potency, and stability. The regulatory guidelines provide direction to companies on expectations of the testing requirements for each type of product. Different analytical techniques are used to provide the necessary data in support of product development. Discussed in this report, two analytical techniques are well known in the industry, and one is quickly becoming a technique of great value. Mass spectrometry, coupled with liquid chromatography, is an industry standard for testing product potency and purity as well as pharmacokinetics. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is also used to measure potency of products as well as product stability. The newest technique is flow cytometry that characterizes cells within a suspension, most often with the use of cellular biomarkers as targets. By understanding the application of each technique as well as how it relates to regulatory requirements, the industry can provide assurances to regulators that their products are safe and efficacious for the treatment and/or prevention of animal diseases. This report outlines the history, theory, and use of three different analytical techniques currently used for pharmaceutical and biological products in animal health.

Within these years, in order to effectively arrange the limited resource that the government has owned and been able to allocate, a detailed financial plan and a well-structured evaluation system for any project is essential. Normally the most research topics issued are related to the economic effect of natural resources. In Taiwan, the article about analyzing the economic effect about the tour schemes proposed for the development of National Scenic Area is few and only at the beginning stage and the cause mainly is because of the common property of such schemes, i.e. the involvement of different departments needed. At this situation, effected by the different control froces from a varity of government departments and varied industry structures and developing progress in different areas, it is difficult to clarify and analyze the achievement for each department. Owing to this character, the economic effect related to such development schemes is difficult to conclude and it is even harder to evaluate whether or not the economic benefit is definitely resulted from the improving projects. The research topic is going to comprehend the economic effect caused by the medium-range scheme launched by National Scenic Areas, then is able to propose some feasible items to evaluate the economic effect and collect the figures the Cost-Efficiency Evaluation relaed to the effect. As to the intangible benefit, it is assessed by the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). The study takes the case of Penghu National Scenic Area to predict the economic effect between 2008 to 2011. From the research, it shows that the figure of Willing To Pay (WPA) among the tourists already visited the Penghu National Scenic Area is NT$6,943 and within 2008 and 2011, after the development implemented, the amount is going to raise to NT$9,638. Based on this raise, the economic revenue would be NT$415,691,000 caculated from the Prediction equation in 2008, NT$428,984,000 in 2009, NT$442,397,000 in 2010 and NT$ 455,933,000 in 2011. Within 10 year of available analytic fixed number of years, the 4-year Net Present Value¡]NPV¡^ ¡]valuta of 2008 year ¡^ will be NT$1,766,586,000 based on the discount rate at 2% and the 4 year Benefit-Cost Ratio, B/C ratio is 3.05>1. From this result, the 2008-2011 development plan itself has demostrated its economic feasibility.

ABSTRACT APPLICATION OF NON-MARKET ECONOMIC VALUATION METHOD TO VALUE THE ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY IN MONETARY TERMS: A CASE STUDY IN YOZGAT PROVINCE Horasanli, Erol M.Sc., Department of Environmental Engineering Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Emre ALP December 2010, 100 pages Determining environmental economic benefits of geothermal energy is difficult since there is no market for all environmental goods and services related to it. In order to determine and measure the market price of non-market goods and services, non-market valuation methods are used. Since intangible benefits do not have monetary values, non-market valuation techniques are applied to estimate them. Non-market valuation methods are important tools for policy makers in the cost and benefit analysis and environmental impact assessment process to aid their final decision. In this study, the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was used to determine the environmental benefits of using geothermal energy for house heating instead of fossil fuels and natural gas in Yozgat (center). The willingness to pay for geothermal energy of the Yozgat residents was determined and underlying motivations to use geothermal energy were assessed. The results showed that the mean willingness to pay (WTP) for the usage of geothermal energy in house heating to increase air quality and mitigate the effects v of climate change is $50/person/month. The results also showed that respondents know the importance of the climate changes and they believe that geothermal energy usage will affect the mitigation of climate changes positively. The geothermal energy investment in the region will amortize itself in 3 years. Therefore, in the feasibility studies, geothermal energy investment seems feasible. During the regression analyses, climate change and air pollution parameters were the most significant parameters for the calculation of mean WTP. Since, decrease in air pollution using geothermal energy, will also mitigate the effect of climate changes, during the geothermal investment in the region, training activities and campaigns should be carried to cover the issues of climate change and global warming to emphasis that geothermal energy will serve for multi-dimensional environmental problems.

台灣工業用地供給體系下的編定工業區，不僅提供完整的土地、完善的公共設施、良好的生產環境、且提供各項優惠措施、並有服務中心進行工業區的管理維護，使編定工業區及廠商更具生產力及競爭力，不同於都市計畫工業區及購地自建的廠商，因此，編定工業區提供的各項服務對工業區內之廠商是具有價值或經濟效益的。然而編定工業區廠商承購或承租編定工業區土地或廠房之承購價格或承租價格，係由工業主管機關依據開發成本審定而成，屬於訂定價格而非市場交易價格，而依成本審定之價格亦未納入編定工業區提供給廠商服務的價值，使這些服務價值隱含在審定價格中無法反映出其效益，且無法從現有的審定價格及一般市場財貨的供需理論求出其價值或經濟效益，因此本研究藉由非市場評價方法推估出編定工業區公共服務的價值或經濟效益。 本研究分為五個部分，第一部份為理論基礎與文獻回顧，藉此瞭解非市場評價理論的發展及選取研究方法；第二部分為編定工業區公共服務的探討，瞭解編定工業區公共服務的發展歷程及服務內容，及個別工業區特性的差異性比較，以作為編定工業區公共服務的分類及後續變數選取的基礎；第三部分為問卷調查及分析，調查結果發現，公共服務願付價格會因廠商重視程度、滿意程度及廠商基本特性的差異而不同；第四部分為實證分析，實證結果發現，編定工業區公共服務願付價格以環保服務價值最高，平均願付價格為8,637元，其次為雜項服務，平均願付價格為6,625元，再其次為生產服務價值，平均願付價格為6,148元，而研發服務價值最低，平均願付價格為5,570元，顯示四類公共服務在廠商心目中的願付價格並不相同，各類公共服務價值之間存有差異性；第五部分依據前述研究結果做成本研究之結論及建議。 依據上述，本研究獲得兩部分結論：經由問卷調查及非市場評價方法之實證分析，驗證編定工業區公共服務對廠商具有價值，且發現各類公共服務價值間存有差異性。其次，透過多元迴歸模式校估結果發現，四個模式通過的顯著性變數量分別為：線性(18項)、雙對數(16項)、逆半對數(20項)、半對數(12項)，顯著影響編定工業區公共服務之願付價格；另外，以各類公共服務之最適模式所通過的顯著性變數量，則有22項變數顯著影響編定工業區公共服務之願付價格，因此可驗證編定工業區公共服務願付價格，確實存在影響變數，且四類公共服務願付價格之影響變數存有差異性。而本研究針對未來編定工業區公共服務收費方面，根據研究結果提出以下幾點建議：1.編定工業區公共服務收費，應考慮廠商對公共服務之評價；2.收費標準不應僅考慮單一變數，應納入其他顯著影響變數；3.針對廠商問卷調查結果，進行編定工業區公共服務的改善；4.針對廠商願意付費之項目，調整或增設公共服務項目；5.編定工業區公共服務之提供可採取不同方式，如市場化或公私合作，提高廠商對公共服務的付費意願及改善工業區公共服務的內容及服務水準。

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:15:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1997-03-31T00:00:00Z / Trata da Instrução n 191 da CVM, enquanto metodologia de base para implantar uma contabilidade em moeda constante, e sua contribuição ao gerenciamento interno de empresas que atuam em ambiente inflacionário. Dentro de uma perspectiva histórica, aborda-se o contexto brasileiro em que se insere a contabilidade em moeda constante. São assentados os conceitos de base da contabilidade em moeda constante, que servem em seguida a uma análise mais detalhada da Instrução n? 191 da CVM dentro da ótica do gerenciamento interno. A guisa de conclusão, uma pesquisa exploratória permite levantar algumas hipóteses sobre a existência ou não de contribuição real da Instrução n 0191 da CVM sobre os sistemas de informação financeiros gerenciais das empresas.

京都大学 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(工学) / 乙第13544号 / 論工博第4207号 / 新制||工||1984(附属図書館) / (主査)教授 角 哲也, 教授 藤田 正治, 准教授 竹門 康弘 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM