Mozambique is one of the countries most affected by natural hazards in the world. Therefore it can benefit greatly from enhancements on its early warning system. Cell broadcast, which is a technology able to send simultaneous alert messages to all mobile phones in a geographical area has gained attention of emergency authorities since various catastrophes in the years 2000’s and increasing diffusion of the mobile network. This research has looked into the disaster risk management routines in Mozambique, interviewing relevant institutions, to identify the currently in use early warning system and analyze the circuit of information from detecting a hazard until the transmission of alert messages to the population. The goal of this research has been to identify how alert messages are sent to the population and, based on currently available infrastructure, analyze the possibilities to use Cell Broadcast to target alerts to all subscribers on specific geographic zones. It has been identified that the country already uses a solution that sends SMS to a list of phone numbers registered in a database. Nonetheless, telecommunication operators in the country are willing to cooperate with emergency authorities to design a solution in which Cell Broadcast can be used to strategically target alerts to subscribers at designated areas of risk. In this way, enabling enhanced accuracy and efficiency of the public alert system in Mozambique, with reduced time between detection and the simultaneously delivery of public alert messages to the entire population or only to people located on relevant geographic zones. Furthermore, the results also allowed to speculate on the viability of automated solutions, which can be used in combination to the enhancements that Cell Broadcast can bring to disaster risk management routines.

What if the emergency response directly knew exactly where to go and what to do if a road accident occured? During the last ten years the number of motorcyclists in Sweden has doubled. Every year, more than 300 riders are seriously injured and over 40 die in road accidents. Being found in time is critical to increase the chance of survival. The goal of this project is to use design methods to find a solution that enables a fast and adequate emergency response for motorcyclists and other unprotected road users. / Vad hade hänt om akutsjukvårdare direkt kände till var en olycka inträffat och vilken vårdinsats som behövdes? Under de senaste tio åren har antalet motorcyklister i Sverige fördubblats. Varje år skadas över 300 förare allvarligt, och över 40 omkommer i trafikolyckor. Att bli hittad i tid är kritiskt för att öka chansen för överlevnad. Målet med det här projektet är att med designmetoder hitta ett sätt att möjliggöra en snabb och adekvat räddningsinsats för motorcyklister och andra oskyddade motortrafikanter.

網絡是一個依據人與人之間的互動關係所建構出來的，它即是形成我們日常生活中的一部分，而政策網絡則是從網絡的生活環境概念化，進而系統化的分析方法，是較傳統分析方法更有彈性的分析架構。在現在的社會中，想要製造對立的關係很容易，想要挑出他人的問題也是容易的，但是如何促使人們溝通呢？在這個民眾對政府信任低落的時代，社會上的急需解決的公共議題卻未見減少，若里長能發揮一個更作為連結政府和民眾之間溝通的良好媒介，發揮其作為中介樞紐的功能。本研究更期許里長在核子事故緊急應變的政策宣導中，是一個能讓民眾和政府之間的溝通更為順暢的角色。透過政策網絡中的社會網絡分析方法，嘗試去解析在核二廠周遭地區的里長，他們在緊急應變網絡中所擁有的角色、地位及其對網絡的影響，並進一步提出改善當前緊急應變宣導僵化的困境。 本研究透過社會網絡分析的中介性分析結果，發現雖然在緊急應變宣導的政策網絡中，里長確實擁有強大的動員能量，更在網絡中有無法抹煞的影響力，但里長卻並非網絡的單一中介核心，在地方上的緊急應變宣導網絡中，形成了多元的中介核心，這些網絡參與者或因為公務上的正式關係，或因為掌握核能的專業知識，因此，各自在網絡中占有重要的地位，但是若核子事故發生時，這些參與者又會形成環環相扣的宣導和疏散系統，缺一不可。故本研究認為里長的角色，確實會對緊急應變宣導產生不同層面的影響，里長在網絡中也具有相當深厚的稟賦，但更多時候里長只是消極的在執行。 最後本研究彙整出不同受訪者的意見，歸納出了兩個方向性不同的建議，期望負責緊急應變宣導的單位能重新省思這些根本性的問題：第一，只有讓民眾真正的體驗過，體驗才會轉換成有價值的經驗和記憶；第二，對於緊急應變宣導的結構性省思，政府擁有的人力、資源和時間有限，政府官員相較於民眾是否是更需要宣導的群體？

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / The United States has spent over $2 billion during the last six years to reconstruct and stabilize Afghanistan through the Commander's Emergency Response Program (CERP). This effort is only one of several simultaneous programs attempting to stabilize Afghanistan using approaches including providing humanitarian aid, education, government and security reform, and construction. Construction often involves simple infrastructure development with tangible benefits including increased access, growing commerce and better security. Construction projects can also employ the local population and, if done correctly, develop a sense of community and social capital. What causes construction projects to miss the mark failing to result in creating a stable community? This research compares four different construction programs including CERP, National Solidarity Program (NSP), United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRT) to determine their potential impact on Afghan stability. It uses a combination of statistical regression, correlation, geospatial and temporal analysis to compare completed construction with recorded SIGACTs (Significant Acts) reported by U.S. forces and NGOs. The results imply that the identified stabilization programs are not using construction effectively to create social capital and stability.

This diploma thesis deals with using of interregional and international aid forces and means of rescue services during floods. The first chapter describes Civil Protection legislative conditions, coordination, capacity, monitoring tools and information support in the Czech republic, EU and UN. The second capter contains cases study "Floods in BiH, Serbia and Croatia 2014", "Floods in Czech republic 2002". The case studies are focused on EU Civil Protection Mechanism response. Other part describes and compares three High capacity pumping teams. Aim of the last part is design optimization of emplacement of the modules in EU.

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Denna studie syftar på att undersöka hur Sveriges myndigheter arbetar med krishantering med fokus på oljeutsläpp till havs. Tidigare forskning visar att Sverige har ett fungerande nätverk när det kommer till krishantering (Pålsson m.fl. 2018), men i det tvärsektionella arbetet brister Sverige i sin hantering. En definierad och strukturerad ledningskultur behövs för att spara tid, för att undvika okunskap och felinformation vid krishantering som exempelvis vid oljeutsläpp. Genom innehållsanalyser av utvärderingar från två tidigare oljepåslag, Fu Shan Hai i Ystad, 2003 och Golden Trader i Tjörn, 2011 samt semistrukturerade intervjuer med berörda aktörer vid händelsen av Marco Polo’s grundstötningar i Sölvesborg, 2023 har processerna analyserats och jämförts. Med berörda aktörer syftar denna studie på myndigheter, kommuner och organisationer som verkar och samarbetar runt händelser som exempelvis oljeutsläpp. Genom en sammanvägd analys kom det fram att samverkan i händelsen med Marco Polo har förbättrats, dock förekommer brister inom kommunikation och statlig satsning för krishantering till havs, och behöver utvecklas vidare. / This study aims to examine how Swedish authorities work with crisis management, with a focus on oil spills at sea. Previous research indicates that Sweden has an effective network for crisis management (Pålsson et al., 2018), but shortcomings exist in its cross-sectional work. A defined and structured leadership culture is needed to save time, and to avoid ignorance and misinformation during crisis management, such as in the event of oil spills. By conducting content analyses of evaluations from two previous oil spills, Fu Shan Hai in Ystad, 2003, and Golden Trader in Tjörn, 2011, as well as semi-structured interviews with relevant stakeholders involved in the Marco Polo grounding in Sölvesborg, 2023, the processes were analyzed and compared. By relevant stakeholders, this study refers to authorities, municipalities, and organizations that operate and collaborate around events such as oil spills. The comprehensive analysis revealed that cooperation during the Marco Polo incident has improved; however, deficiencies in communication and state investment in maritime crisis management persist and need further development.

CHDS State/Local / Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / The planning methodologies used today by most U.S. fire departments are excellent for traditional missions, but wholly inadequate for the threats posed by terrorism. Planning in the fire service and the rest of the first responder community historically has relied on a one-dimensional approach that uses a scenario-based planning (SBP) methodology. This thesis argues that the fire service and others in the first responder community will be able to contribute to homeland security missions much more effectively, and efficiently, by switching to specially adapted versions of capabilities-based planning. This thesis proposes a new integrated planning methodology that combines the planning strengths of scenariobased planning, threat-based planning, and capabilities-based planning. The new method identifies capabilities that could be used to manage and mitigate the consequences of the different types of contingencies within the various response spectrums. It allows an organization to perform analysis and efficiency studies to evaluate the different spectrums of contingencies against existing capabilities and create a menu of capabilities necessary for the first responder to respond to all its missions, including immediate threats and terrorism, in the most efficient and cost-effective manner. / Battalion Chief, Fire Department City of New York

The study assesses community perceptions of emergency response modality (cash and food aid) on development: a case study of Traditional Authority Lundu in Chikwawa district, Malawi. This is based on the top down approach which is mostly common in humanitarian aid, where practitioners perceive this to be the right mode of aid delivery to affected communities. This research has used mixed methods of research designs. Participants were purposively and randomly sampled and 193 household heads, 2 focus group discussions and 10 key informants were interviewed. The results revealed that food aid is the best response modality in the area. Humanitarian aid enhances community development as it eliminates negative coping mechanisms. Food aid helps to stabilize commodity prices, improve health status of affected people and promote continuation of development intervention in the area. The study recommends that a thorough assessment is required to derive at a response option and resilient interventions that should be included in humanitarian response. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)

Menstrual management is a pervasive issue for women globally, and it becomes critical in times of crisis. During these times of crisis and disaster, humanitarian response seeks to provide relief of suffering by meeting essential needs, in a comprehensive and predictable manner. Yet the provision of menstrual management remains largely ad hoc. Through a comprehensive literature review of documents pertaining to menstrual management in emergencies, this paper offers a qualitative analysis of modern humanitarian strategic approaches, to explore the place of menstrual management in emergencies. The core findings are that menstrual management is not fodder for strategy in humanitarian aid, and therefore lacks a ‘home’ in any of the humanitarian approaches to response. It is not fully integrated into either technical strategic implementation, typified by the cluster approach, nor through cultural implementation approaches, typified by gender mainstreaming. This paper also offers some explanations of why such an omnipresent need has, as yet, remained un-championed. This discussion is based on a theoretical framework offered by feminist theory. Supplemented by an understanding of organisations as gendered structures (Acker, 1990), this thesis posits that these cavities in modern humanitarian response are due to the inherent inability and reluctance of the humanitarian system to concern itself with a bodily, female issue such as menstrual management.