This dissertation is a diplomatic transcription edition and an analysis of BL Cotton Caligula Aii with emphasis on the Middle English romances in the manuscript and how the entire manuscript was compiled to teach lessons in obedience. The first section of the manuscript contains Sir Eglamour and teaches lessons in social obedience. The second section features three romances by Thomas Chestre: Octavian Imperator, Sir Launfal, and Lybeaus Desconus and teaches courtly and chivalric obedience. Section three features Emaré and teaches lessons in obedience and free will. The final section contains Sege of Jerusalem. Chevalier Assigne, and Sir Isumbras and focuses on obedience and the direct hand of God. The romances in CCAii, which have often been dismissed as overly simplistic or convention, become complex and meaningful text when they are analyzed as part of the compilation for which they were chosen and arranged.

This is a study of Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī’s al-Durr al-manthūr fi-l-tafsīr bi-l-ma’thur (The scattered pearls of tradition-based exegesis), hereinafter al-Durr. In the present study, the distinctiveness of al-Durr becomes evident in comparison with the tafsīrs of al-Ṭabarī (d. 310/923) and Ibn Kathīr (d. 774/1373). Al-Suyūṭī surpassed these exegetes by relying entirely on ḥadīth (tradition). Al-Suyūṭī rarely offers a comment of his own. Thus, in terms of its formal features, al-Durr is the culmination of tradition-based exegesis (tafsīr bi-l-ma’thūr). This study also shows that al-Suyūṭī intended in al-Durr to subtly challenge the tradition-based hermeneutics of Ibn Taymīyah (d. 728/1328). According to Ibn Taymīyah, the true, unified, interpretation of the Qurʼān must be sought in the Qurʼān itself, in the traditions of Muḥammad, and in the exegeses of the earliest Muslims. Moreover, Ibn Taymīyah strongly denounced opinion-based exegesis (tafsīr bi-l-ra’y). By means of the traditions in al-Durr, al-Suyūṭī supports several of his views in contradistinction to those of Ibn Taymīyah. Al-Suyūṭī’s traditions support the following views. First, opinion-based exegesis is a valid supplement to tradition-based exegesis. Second, the early Muslim community was not quite unified. Third, the earliest Qur’ānic exegetes did not offer a unified exegesis of the Qur’ān. Fourth, Qur’ānic exegesis is necessarily polyvalent since Muslims accept a number of readings of the Qur’ān, and variant readings give rise to various interpretations. Al-Suyūṭī collected his traditions from a wide variety of sources some of which are now lost. Two major exegetes, al-Shawkānī (d. 1250/1834) and al-Ālūsī (d. 1270/1854), copied some of these traditions from al-Durr into their Qur’ān commentaries. In this way, al-Suyūṭī has succeeded in shedding new light on rare, neglected, and previously scattered traditions.

À Port-Royal, saint Bernard est considéré comme le « père » de la communauté cistercienne et comme « le dernier des Pères de l’Église », confirmant la doctrine de saint Augustin, « le plus grand des Pères ». L’étude de la source bernardine permet de comprendre l’unité de Port-Royal, notamment le lien entre vie monastique et augustinisme. Au XVIIe siècle, la postérité bernardine est portée par une tradition de vie (les réformes cisterciennes) et par une tradition écrite (la constitution, la traduction et la promotion de l’œuvre authentique de l’abbé de Clairvaux). Saint Bernard est l’une des effigies du catholicisme classique, forgée par Saint-Cyran et diffusée par Le Maistre. Avec la synthèse de Saint-Cyran, le « père » des religieuses de Port-Royal devient le modèle universel d’une réforme théologique et morale. Port-Royal se rassemble dans la tentative de retrouver l’unité brisée de la pensée et de la vie chrétiennes en revenant aux sources de la foi. Sur des sujets très divers (grâce et libre arbitre, amour de soi et amour de Dieu, l’obéissance, l’oraison, l’exégèse biblique, le socratisme chrétien), l’interprétation de l’œuvre bernardine est un révélateur de l’augustinisme de Port-Royal. Ainsi apparaissent deux ruptures capitales dans la tradition issue des Pères : d’une part, l’exégèse des moines médiévaux, fondée sur la théorie patristique du dévoilement des allégories et sur la manducation de la Parole de Dieu, est un modèle subverti et contesté ; d’autre part, la conception des rapports entre nature et grâce connaît une évolution décisive, défenseurs et adversaires de Jansénius lisant le corpus patristique avec des concepts identiques mais étrangers aux Pères. / Within Port-Royal, Saint Bernard was considered as the “Father” of the Cistercian community and as the “last Father of the Church”, confirming the doctrine of the “Greatest Father”, Saint Augustine. The study of the Bernardine source helps to understand Port-Royal’s unity, especially the link between monastic life and Augustinism. During the 17th century, Saint Bernard’s legacy was expressed by a tradition both in living (the Cistercian reforms) and in writing (the collection, translation and promotion of the Clairvaux abbot’s authentic work). Saint Bernard was an effigy of classical Catholicism, set up by Saint-Cyran and spread out by Le Maistre. With the Saint–Cyran’s synthesis, the “Father” of the Port-Royal nuns became the universal model of a theological and moral reform. Port-Royal mustered attempting to restore the broken unity of Christian living and thinking, through a return to the sources of the faith. On a large variety of subjects (grace and free will, love of oneself and love of God, obedience, prayer, Holy Scripture exegesis, Christian socratism), the interpretation of the Bernardine’s work reveals Port-Royal Augustinism. So, it appears that two crucial breaks occured in the tradition derived from the “Fathers”: on the one hand, the medieval monks’ exegesis based on the patristic theory of allegories revealing and on the Word of God’s “manducation” became a subverted and disputed model; on the other hand, the way of thinking the relation between nature and grace experienced a decisive change, defenders of and opponents to Jansenius reading the patristic corpus with concepts, albeit identical, differing from the ones of the “Fathers”.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:47:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Keila Carvalho de Matos.pdf: 4436654 bytes, checksum: ea94e3531e89155ee3c4249f2c2d73d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-15 / The present research aims to investigate women's ministries in the pauline letters, focusing on 1Cor 14,33b-35, through exegesis and discourse analysis of this pericope in relation to the corpus paulinum. The study has been divided into three chapters. In the first chapter, we present the theoretical framework, exposing concepts, categories and methods of textual interpretation and discourse analysis. In the second chapter, we develop the exegesis of 1Cor 14,33b-35, collecting the data concerning the text and its context. In the third chapter, we analyze the discourse of 1Cor 14,33b-35 in relation to the corpus paulinum, as far as women's ministries are concerned, making use of the apostle s ideological-discursive formation. In the conclusion, we defend that, exegetically, 1Cor 14,33b-35 is not an authentic Pauline writing, but an interpolated gloss; discursively, we conclude that 1Cor 14,33 b-35 is controversial in relation to the authentic Pauline letters and that the corpus paulinum is a polyphonic dialogic genre in what it says about women s ministries. / Esta pesquisa se propõe a investigar ministérios de mulheres nas cartas paulinas, com enfoque em 1Cor 14,33b-35, mediante exegese e análise do discurso dessa perícope em relação ao corpus paulinum. Este estudo foi dividido em três capítulos. No primeiro apresentamos a fundamentação teórica com a exposição de conceitos, categorias e métodos de interpretação textual e análise do discurso. No segundo desenvolvemos a exegese de 1Cor 14,33b-35, em que levantamos os dados referentes ao texto e seu contexto. No terceiro analisamos o discurso de 1Cor 14,33b-35 em relação ao corpus paulinum em se tratando de ministérios de mulheres, valendo-nos da formação discursivo-ideológica do apóstolo. Na conclusão apresentamos que, exegeticamente, 1Cor 14,33b-35 não se trata de um escrito autêntico paulino, mas de uma glosa interpolada; discursivamente, concluímos que 1Cor 14,33b-35 é controverso em relação às cartas autênticas paulinas e que o corpus paulinum é um gênero dialógico polifônico no que diz respeito a ministérios de mulheres.

The study explores the hypothesis that the New Testament contains a model of church planting that could assist in rural church planting. After reflecting on the ministry of Jesus as portrayed by Mark, the study continues to unpack the Base Christian Community model that emanates from the Brazilian context, before it proceeds to outline the socio-economic background of first-century Palestine. In the main chapter the text, namely Mark 1:35-45, is reflected on against the socio-economic background and through the grid of the Ecclesial Base Community (CEB) model. Having done the above the study concludes that people gravitate towards an individual (as seen in the case of Jesus) who promises an alternative to their experienced reality. This begins a community, which, for the purposes of this study, is the church. Thus, the pattern of developments that led to the emergence of the church after the Crucifixion provides us with a church-planting model. / New Testament / Thesis (M.Th.)

The main goal and the content of the dissertation is to compare two different approaches to the Holy Scripture. To achieve this goal and to make out beforehand four-part assumptions in the conclusion is in the first part of this work defined the term of hermeneutics, then the relationship between hermeneutics and mission of both churches under examination is elaborated. The second part of the work, on the basis of studied literature, deals with research in the field of hermeneutics and exegesis history, with explanation of terms and backround, with outline of types of hermeneutics and principles of exegesis of the biblical text. This part is closed with the specification and description of the hermeneutical principles used by both chosen churches nowadays. The final third part deals with the practical comparison of one doctrinal topic - the day of worship and rest. This part is closed by the searching for reasons why the studied churches have come to different theological conclusions and instruments the change was achieved by.

Jag vill undersöka vad som händer med en bibeltext när den berättas genom den tecknade seriens medie. Kan tecknade serier kan göra anspråk på att vara trogen grundtexten, på samma sätt som en översättning från grundspråket till ett annat språk? Kan serier förmedla såväl narrativ, genre och budskap och även mångtydigheten som bibelns texter i många fall erbjuder? Och kan tecknade serier i själva verket ge betraktaren/läsaren en djupare förståelse av skeendet än en översättning kan förmedla?

ABSTRACT (deutsch) Das Lukasevangelium ist ein literarisches Werk in Form einer Erzählung. Die Pharisäer spielen darin eine zentrale Rolle als wichtigste Gruppe der Gegenspieler Jesu. Die Methode der narrativen Exegese ist daher geeignet, die Darstellung der Pharisäer zu analysieren und eine literarische Charakterisierung vorzunehmen. Eine Untersuchung aller Texte des Lukasevangeliums, in denen Pharisäer erwähnt werden, ergibt ein komplexes und facettenreiches Pharisäerporträt. Die Pharisäer werden primär negativ dargestellt, als religiöse Führer, die die göttliche Sendung Jesu, seine Vollmacht und seinen Auftrag, nicht erkennen und ablehnen. Die Pharisäer haben eine Kontrastfunktion innerhalb der Gesamterzählung des Lukasevangeliums. Sie dienen als Negativfolie, auf der die Bedeutung der Hauptfigur Jesus umso heller aufleuchtet. Ein Merkmal des Lukasevangeliums ist jedoch, dass dieses primär negative Bild durch die erzählerische Darstellung mehrfach abgeschwächt wird. Der Erzähler zeichnet kein einseitiges Pharisäerbild (flat character), sondern differenziert deutlich (mehr als die anderen Synoptiker). Er verzichtet bei der Präsentation ihres Verhaltens und ihrer Worte weitgehend auf explizit feindliche Aspekte. Er deutet eine relative Nähe zwischen Jesus und den Pharisäern an. Eine abschließende negative Wertung oder Verurteilung der Pharisäer unterbleibt. Auffällig ist die komplette Auslassung der Rolle der Pharisäer beim Prozess gegen Jesus. Die Reaktion Jesu auf die Pharisäer ist geprägt von Milde und Hoffnung, trotz vereinzelter scharfer Auseinandersetzungen. Jesus ist bei allen Begegnungen mit den Pharisäern bemüht, ihnen zur Erkenntnis seiner Person als göttlichem Gesandten zu verhelfen und sie zur Umkehr zu bewegen. ABSTRACT (english) The Gospel of Luke is a literary work in narrative form in which the Pharisees play a central role as the most important group in opposition to Jesus. Thus narrative exegesis is an appropriate method to analyse the presentation of the Pharisees and to undertake a literary characterisation of their role. An examination of all the texts in Luke's Gospel which mention the Pharisees yields a complex, multi-facetted portrait of the Pharisees. The Pharisees, characterised primarily negatively as religious leaders, neither recognise nor acknowledge the divine mission of Jesus, nor his authority nor mandate. Rather the Pharisees function in juxtaposition to Christ and his ministry within the overall narrative of Luke's Gospel. They serve as a negative backdrop against which the central figure of Jesus appears all the more significant, indeed even radiant. However, it is one trait of Luke's Gospel that this primarily negative picture is repeatedly softened by the narrative presentation. The narrator does not paint a one-sided picture of the Pharisees (flat character) but differentiates clearly in his presentation (more than the other Synoptic Gospels do). In his presentation of the Pharisees' behaviour and words the author to a large extent forgoes mentioning explicitly hostile aspects, but rather intimates the relative proximity between Jesus and the Pharisees. There is no final negative evaluation or judgement passed on the Pharisees. It is noteworthy that there is a complete omission of the role of the Pharisees in the legal proceedings and court trials against Jesus. Jesus' reaction to the Pharisees is nevertheless one of gentleness and hope, despite a few acrimonious conflicts recounted in the narrative. In all of his encounters with Pharisees Jesus endeavours to help them recognise himself as divine envoy and to move them to repentance. / New Testament / M.Th.

Text in Afrikaans / Een van die grootste probleme waarmee die prediker in 'n industriele konteks te doen het, is om die evangelie op 'n sinvolle wyse aan die hoarders oor te dra. Die radikale verandering in die samelewing deur die moderniseringsproses, het die homiletiek gedwing om teoreties her te besin. Hierdie moderne homiletiese teorie soos deur H.J.C. Pieterse, T.G. Long en G.D.J. Dingemans verteenwoordig het die volgende belangrike teoretiese aanpassings gemaak: Eerstens, in plaas van die tradisionele beweging van die teks na die hoarders, is die homiletiese proses omgekeer. Die beweging is nou vanaf die hoarder na die teks deur middel van die prediker en weer terug van die teks na die hoorder. Tweedens, hierdie benadering het noodwendig hermeneutiese implikasies gehad. Daarom het die homiletiek die bree aanpak van die moderne kritiese hermeneutiek in diens geneem. Derdens moes 'n nuwe kommunikasieteorie ondersoek word naamlik, die dialogiese kommunikasieteorie van H.J.C. Pieterse en C.J.A. Vos. / One of the greatest problems, with which a preacher in an industrial context have to deal with, is to convey the gospel in a sensible manner to the listeners. The radical change in society caused by the modernisation process, forced homiletics to review its theoretical base. Modern homiletics as represented by H.J.C. Pieterse, T.G. Long and G.D.J. Dingemans, has made the following theoretic adjustments: Firstly, in stead of the traditional movement of the text to the listeners, the homiletical process is revearsed. The movement is from the listener to the text by means of the preacher and back from the text to the listener. Secondly, this approach inevitably has hermeneutic implications. Therefore homiletics has employed the broad approach of modern critical hermeneutics. Thirdly, a new communication theory has to be developed namely, the dialogical communication theory of H.J.C. Pieterse and C.J.A. Vos. The most important theoretical foundation for preaching in an industrial context is the approach of taking the listeners as starting point without neglecting the text. In practice, it brings about that the following topics ask for particular attention: For the understanding and formulating of the message of the Scriptures, the modern critical hermeneutics and the use of metaphors is of the greatest importance. The new understanding of rhetorics which is about conveying the message, must be taken into consideration. The formulating of the message in the language of the listeners has a theoretical influence on the formulating and use of the theological concepts during preaching. The dialogical communication theory is also of great importance, and has dialogue before, during and after the preaching in mind. For it to be fulfilled, preaching work groups is an important component to improve dialogical communication in the congregation. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / D.Th. (Practical theology)

This doctoral thesis entails a research project to determine whether grass roots preachers in a southern Africa context can be instructed to prepare effective expository sermons. In order to make that determination it was necessary to first collect and analyze expository sermons from such preachers prior to any instruction. Then, on the basis of instruction in expository preaching in a seminar format, it was necessary to collect and analyze additional sermons from the same preachers. To that end we conducted two five-day seminars in Zimbabwe and South Africa respectively. The content of those seminars included two major elements. The first was a theology of preaching that is detailed in Chapter 1. Within a theology of preaching we have given treatment to various topics including the need for a theology of preaching, the Old Testament basis for preaching, the New Testament mandate for preaching, a definition and defense of expository preaching, and a discussion of the necessary qualities of effective expository preaching. The second element of the seminars involved a method of preaching detailed in Chapter 2. Within the method of preaching we have given treatment to various topics, including the role of the Holy Spirit in preaching, exegesis of the sermon text, and making the transition from the text to the completed sermon. Given the foundational material of Chapters 1 and 2, we developed the seminar materials found in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 includes the schedules by which the sermons were analyzed. Each sermon was subjected to the same schedule to determine its effectiveness as an expository sermon. Those results are then analyzed in Chapter 5 leading to the conclusion that grass roots preachers in a southern Africa context can indeed be instructed to preach effective expository sermons. / Practical Theologyy / D. Th. (Practical Theology)