Pendant longtemps, l’histoire de l’époque napoléonienne s’est presque toujours centrée autour de Napoléon lui-même. Cependant, depuis une trentaine d’années, plusieurs études importantes sur le Consulat et l’Empire ont vu le jour et sont en passe de renouveler l’histoire socio-politique de cette époque. Dans cette thèse, nous réexaminons la structure administrative centralisatrice instaurée pendant l’époque napoléonienne, qui représente un moment propice pour aborder les questions sur la première période de formation de l’État-Nation. Dans la première partie L’État-Nation et les notables, nous examinons la réalité du pouvoir local établi à l’époque napoléonienne. Pour cela, nous traitons de la sociologie des administrateurs et des notables qui composent le pouvoir local, puis nous analysons les relations entre ces notables et l’administration préfectorale en définissant le fonctionnement effectif des conseils et des municipalités communales. Dans la deuxième partie L’État-Nation et l’ordre local, l’époque napoléonienne se situant au début de la formation de l’État-Nation, nous abordons plusieurs domaines administratifs concernant directement la « sécurité », qui est une composante essentielle de l’État-Nation. En nous référant à ces domaines administratifs, nous examinons quel type de relation de pouvoir à triple niveau, pouvoir central, pouvoir local et peuple, a été construit et comment il a donné naissance au système du gouvernement local sous le régime napoléonien. Pour répondre à ces questions, nous avons choisi le département des Hautes-Pyrénées. En effet, pour relativiser l’évidence territoriale de la France d’un point de vue géographique et psychologique, la zone frontalière des Pyrénées est un cas intéressant pour notre étude. / For the longest time, Napoleon was the centerpiece of studies concerning the Napoleonic age. However, over the past thirty years, several important studies about the Consulate and the Empire have been shedding a new light on the socio-political history of this era. In this thesis, we review the administrative and centralizing structure established during the Napoleonic era, which represents a key period to discuss and observe the issues about the onset of the Nation-State. In the first part, The Nation-State and the notables, the reality of the local power established during the Napoleonic age is discussed. Initially, we explain the sociology of the local administrators and notables who compose the local power, then we analyse the relations between these notables and the prefectural administration by clearly defining the effective functioning of the councils instituted in each local administrative ward, and of the communal municipalities. In the second part, The Nation-State and the local order, we approach several administrative domains concerning the “security”, matters during the onset of the Nation-State. This thesis will set to define how these administrative domains have led to a three tier exerted power, central power, local power and people, which in turn constructed and gave birth to the local government system under the Napoleonic regime. To answer these questions, we choose the Hautes-Pyrenees department. Indeed, to relativize the territorial evidence of France geographically and psychologically, the border area of the Pyrenees is an interesting case for our study.

The thesis deals with the role of nation-state in globalization. In the beginning, the nation-state and state are defined. Afterwards, the interaction of the state with market and non-profit sector is analyzed. The third chapter talks about globalization, so that the gained knowledge can be used in the chapter four as the main characteristics of state are here analyzed with the emphasis on the economic aspects of globalization.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(法学) / 甲第22713号 / 法博第250号 / 新制||法||169(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院法学研究科法政理論専攻 / (主査)教授 濵本 正太郎, 教授 淺田 正彦, 教授 酒井 啓亘 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Laws / Kyoto University / DGAM

博士(社会学) / 甲第526号 / 160p / Hitotsubashi University(一橋大学)

No description available.

ABSTRACT From the moment a person enters a state, whether by birth or migration, the individual-state interaction is often mediated by some form of (supposedly) official state-issued document. This is particularly the case in cross-border migration. Documentation is often viewed as an instrument of the state, with passports containing declarations within them stipulating to them being “the property” of the government issuing them. Yet, documentation is borne by individuals whose use of it in the context of migration indicates incongruence between their view of documentation and that of the state. This research examines migrants‟ perceptions of documentation, what informs those views, and the ways in which those perceptions inform migrants‟ views of and interaction with the nation-state, citizenship, identity and state control. It explores contestation over the ownership of and rights over documents. In an effort to explore the levels of connection and disconnection, the study contrasts migrants‟ perceptions against those of the state. It moves away from the functionalist, policy-directed approach to the study of documentation that often characterises migration literature. It is informed by post-positivist, relativist commitments to examining the perspectives of individuals while adopting the constructivist recognition that meaning is created, as informed by history, context and experience. Focusing on Zimbabwean migrants resident in Johannesburg, this study draws on information gathered through in-depth interviews and group discussions, examined through discourse analysis and thematic content analysis.

The desire to form a European model of the nation-state in African countries was a fashion ofpost-colonization experience. Those who have tried to carve out such analogous states forthemselves always missed the fact that the socio-political history of Europe is irrelevant toAfrica. Some modern African states entered this attempt soon after de-colonization whileEthiopia is a different case. It has never been colonized and its experience with this model wasnot related to de-colonization but the domination of one of its own ethnic identities at theexpense of assimilation of the others. In the first half of the 19th century, Ethiopia wasintroduced to the outer world as a ‘nation-state’, but ended up as a multi-ethnic federal statetoday. This study examines the attempt made to form an Amharanized ‘nation-state’ and howthat gave birth to serious contending nationalism within a single state. The findings of this thesisaimed to contribute to the field of IMER and may inspire further research on the subject.

No description available.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Mesmo sendo uma condição indispensável para que ocorra o desenvolvimento humano, o crescimento econômico nem sempre é convertido eficientemente em qualidade de vida pelos Estados-nação. Deste modo, o presente trabalho teve o objetivo de mensurar a eficiência social dos países, que expressa à capacidade de um Estado-nação converter sua riqueza produzida em qualidade de vida, e de determinar fatores que possam explicá-la. Como hipóteses de pesquisa para esses fatores, foram considerados: (i) a atuação do Estado, do Mercado e da Sociedade Civil; (ii) o estoque de capital físico, natural, humano, cultural, social e institucional; (iii) a presença de liberdades política, econômica e de expressão; (iv) o efeito do próprio desenvolvimento humano; e (v) outras características socioeconômicas dos países. Para que esse objetivo fosse alcançado, foram utilizadas as técnicas: (a) Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA), em sua forma padrão, cruzada, invertida e tripla; (b) regressão linear simples; (c) clusterização por eficiência; (d) método k-means; e (e) testes estatísticos de diferença entre médias. Os principais resultados obtidos indicaram que as ex-repúblicas soviéticas e os países de passado socialista foram os que mais se destacaram na eficiência social; já os países desenvolvidos, apesar de apresentarem elevados indicadores sociais, sendo altamente eficazes, não se destacaram na eficiência; os países do sul da África, por sua vez, além de possuírem a pior condição social, foram também os mais ineficientes. Quanto aos fatores explicativos da eficiência social, concluiu-se que possuem impacto positivo: (1) a taxa básica de juros; (2) a taxa bruta de investimentos; (3) a taxa de estradas pavimentadas; (4) a taxa de alfabetização; (5) o número de médicos per capita; (6) a liberdade fiscal; (7) além de quase todos os outputs sociais utilizados na análise de eficiência, com exceção da inflação. Por outro lado, os fatores que se relacionam negativamente com a eficiência são: (a) o saldo da balança corrente; (b) a quantidade de reservas de petróleo; (c) o PIB per capita; (d) o nível de caridade; (e) a ausência de corrupção; (f) a liberdade de investimento e financeira; (g) a liberdade política e de expressão; (h) a taxa de fecundidade na adolescência; (i) a taxa de infectados com HIV; e (j) o nível de emissões de \'CO IND.2\'. Apesar de alguns resultados encontrados terem sido bastante polêmicos, afastando-se tanto do senso comum quanto de teorias estabelecidas, acredita-se que o presente trabalho contribuiu para lançar luz sobre um novo e fértil campo de pesquisa, denominado eficiência social. / Despite being a prerequisite for occurring development, economic growth is not always fully converted into welfare or quality of life, since countries have different levels of efficiency in carrying out this conversion. Thus, this study aimed to determine the efficiency of Nation-states to convert their wealth produced in quality of life (social efficiency) and, subsequently, to investigate the impact in this efficiency of the factors: (i) performance of the State, Market and Civil Society; (ii) stock of physical , natural, human, cultural, social and institutional capital; (iii) political , economic and expression freedoms; (iv) human development itself; and (v) other socioeconomic characteristics of the countries. To accomplish this goal, we have used: (a) Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in its standard, cross, reversed and triple form; (b) simple linear regression; (c) clustering for efficiency; (d) k-means method; and (e) statistical tests of differences between means. The main results indicate that the ex-Soviet republics and the countries of the socialist past were most outstanding in social efficiency; whereas the developed countries, although having high social indicators, i.e., high efficacy, not were excelled in efficiency; the countries of southern Africa, in turn, have the worst social condition, and were also the most inefficient. As for the explanatory factors of social efficiency, it was concluded that had positive impact the variables: (1) prime rate; (2) gross rate of investment; (3) rate of paved roads; (4) literacy rate; (5) number of doctors per capita; (6) fiscal freedom; (7) and the most social indicators that were used in the analysis of efficiency, with the exception of inflation. On the other hand, the factors that are negatively related to efficiency are: (a) current account balance; (b) amount of oil reserves; (c) GDP per capita; (d) level of charity; (e) corruption absence; (f) freedom of investment and financing; (g) political freedom and expression; (h) adolescent fertility rate; (i) the rate of HIV-infected; and (j) level of \'CO IND.2\' emissions. Although some results have been quite controversial, away from both common sense and established theories, it is believed that this work has helped to shed light on a new and fertile field of research called social efficiency.