Syftet med min studie är att undersöka hur lärare i åk 1–3 beskriver att de arbetar för att utveckla elevernas läsförståelse. I denna kvantitativa studie har hundra lärare som undervisar i åk 1–3 runt om i Sverige fått svara på en webbenkät. För kunna besvara mina frågeställningar har jag även tagit del av tidigare forskning och litteratur som behandlar ämnet. Studien innehåller därmed en genomgång av några undervisningsmodeller för läsförståelse, lärarrollens betydelse samt en sammanfattning om den senaste PIRLS-rapporten från 2016 och den nationella komptenssatsningen Läslyftet. Det framkommer i resultatet att lärarna tycks luta sig mot kända undervisningsmodeller inom läsförståelse, dels som stöd i hur undervisningen ska gå till och dels vad den ska innehålla. En undervisningsmodell innehåller ett antal läsförståelsestrategier som eleverna ska kunna använda vid läsning. Det är vanligt att läraren modellerar läsförståelsestrategier för sina elever. Samtidigt visar resultatet att det också finns andra aktiviteter i undervisningen som läraren använder sig för att stimulera läsutvecklingen t.ex. högläsning. Lärarna anser att det är viktigt att börja med läsförståelseundervisning redan i årskurs 1. Målet är att lyckas att få elever som läser med god förståelse. / The purpose of this study is to examine how teachers in the 1st –3rd grade describe how they teach to develop the students’ reading comprehension. In this quantitative study one hundred teachers working in the 1st – 3rd grade have answered a web survey. To be able to answer my initial questions in the study I have been taking part of research done and literature in the subject. The study contains a review of some teaching models for reading comprehension and the significance of the teacher, together with a review of the latest PIRLS report from 2016 and the national competence campaign “Läslyftet”. The result shows that the teachers seem to lean on known teaching models within reading comprehension, partly as a support in the teaching practice and partly as a support of the teaching content. A teaching model contains a number of reading comprehension strategies which the students shall be able to use when reading. It is common that the teacher is modelling reading comprehension strategies for the students. The result also shows that the teachers use other teaching activities to stimulate the reading development, i.e. reading aloud. The teachers think that it is important to start the reading comprehension education as early as in the 1st grade. The goal is to make the students read with good comprehension.

The goal of this research study was to determine whether extensive reading, supported by the instruction and use of appropriate strategies, would a) improve learners' comprehension achievement b) increase academic achievement in English, and c) promote higher achievement in general academic performance. One hundred and twenty-one learners participated in this project. Three groups of learners: extensive readers, less extensive readers and non-extensive readers were identified and studied. The result indicated that extensive reading not only leads to improved achievement in comprehension, but that it also leads to improvement in general academic performance in all subjects across the curriculum; while lack of extensive reading has an adverse effect on both reading comprehension achievement and general academic performance as a whole. / Teacher Education / M.Ed. (Didactics)

In this dissertation it is argued that literary theories have traditionally extended abundant attention on authors and texts, neglecting, with very few exceptions, the impor- tant role of the READER. To address this imbalance, par- ticular attention will be paid to the view of Wolfgang Iser, that a literary text can only elicit a response when it is read, and that it is virtually impossible to describe this response without also analysing the READING PROCESS. I share this view as it makes logical sense: a literary text remains meaningless, a mere 'paper and ink' production without the involvement of the reader. It is also the reader's own com- petence, his sense of aesthetic perception which enables him to make sense of the, in the literary text embedded message, hence the title: "The Nature of Aesthetic Perception in Literature. The Interaction between Text and Reader in the Process of Perceiving Literary Texts." / Afrikaans and Theory of Literature / M.A. (Theory of Literature)

Cette étude émane de plusieurs observations tirées d’une recherche sur l’Intégration de l’Internet dans l’enseignement/apprentissage du FLE à l’Université de Cape Coast. Notamment parmi celles-ci est le fait que les étudiants n’ont pas les capacités requises pour tirer profit des opportunités d’apprentissage qui leur sont disponibles dans le département de français. C’est dans cette optique que l’Internet en tant qu’outil multimédia à grands potentiels pédagogiques est identifié comme capable d’aider les étudiants ghanéens à développer diverses stratégies d’acquisition et d’apprentissage de la langue française. La problématique de cette étude est donc d’identifier les stratégies de compréhension qu’adoptent les étudiants lorsqu’ils travaillent sur des sites Internet authentiques en langue française. Celle-ci a essayé de mettre la lumière sur les procédés mentaux qui sous-tendent la compréhension des informations sur l’Internet en prenant comme appui les recherches menées par RUBIN (1989), OXFORD (1990), O’MALLEY et CHAMOT (1990) et COHEN (1998) sur les stratégies d’apprentissage et d’utilisation de la langue seconde/étrangère. Grâce aux méthodes de recueil des données par verbalisation, questionnaires, entretiens et observation en situation de navigation sur des sites Internet authentiques, nous avons obtenu des données quantitatives et qualitatives chez 52 étudiants inscrits en FLE dans quatre universités publiques du Ghana. Les tâches de navigation consistaient à réserver une place dans un train ou une chambre dans un hôtel, à demander des services postaux en ligne, à créer des comptes clients, à trouver l’itinéraire sur un site de transports en commun, etc. L’analyse des données nous a permis d’identifier des stratégies de navigation comme la recherche d’indices, la lecture fine, l’essai-erreur, le recours à l’aide d’un tiers, l’auto-encouragement, entre autres. Ces stratégies de navigation correspondent à différentes stratégies d’inférence du sens (en contexte, par mots-clés, par images, par traduction, par outils interactifs, par les couleurs, etc.), le raisonnement déductif ou inductif, l’analogie, le transfert de connaissance, l’analyse textuelle par les connaissances acquises en FLE. On note également des stratégies de vérification de sens comme le recours à des dictionnaires, des traducteurs en ligne et des moteurs de recherche. Certaines stratégies affectives et sociales comme le recours à l’explication d’un collège et l’auto-rappel des objectifs aident les étudiants à confirmer le sens des mots nouveaux en français. Ces stratégies sont identifiées grâce à l’analyse qualitative des données de verbalisation et de l’interface de navigation de sept étudiants qui ont atteint les objectifs de la tâche. La dernière partie de cette étude se penche alors sur quelques implications pédagogiques des tâches réalisées sur des supports Internet authentiques. Là, nous avons déblayé la notion d’autonomie dans l’enseignement/apprentissage du Français Langue Etrangère et tiré des conclusions spécifiques par rapport aux tâches de compréhension écrite sur l’Internet. Nous relevons d’ailleurs dans ce cadre sept cas d’autonomie que permettent de développer les tâches de compréhension écrite sur l’Internet. / This investigation stems from observations that were made regarding students’ ability to take control of their study of French in a research aimed at integrating Internet to the teaching and learning of French. It was quite clear that students lacked the required strategies for them to take advantage of the learning opportunities available to them in the French Department. It is therefore in this vein that the Internet was identified as the multimedia capable of fostering the development of various strategies of acquiring/learning the French Language. The focus of the study was therefore on strategies that students would adopt in order to comprehend information that is available to them while browsing a French website. It sought to identify the mental processes that underlie comprehension on the Internet taking as basis researches realized in the cognitive sciences by RUBIN (1989), OXFORD (1990), O’MALLEY and CHAMOT (1990) and COHEN (1998) about strategies of learning and using a second/foreign language. From 52 second-year students doing French in four public universities in Ghana, we were able to obtain through think-aloud procedures, questionnaires and observation, quantitative and qualitative data about strategies that they adopted when browsing on authentic websites in French. The browsing tasks involved shopping for items on the Internet, booking a place on a train or in a hotel, requesting for a postal service, creating a user account on shopping sites, seeking directions about how to get to a place, among others. Browsing strategies such as looking out for clues, critical reading, trial and error, seeking help, self-motivation, forming hypothesis were identified as strategies that aid comprehension of information on the websites. The strategies helped students to guess meaning through such means as inference (in context – word context, keywords, images, interactive tools, colours, etc.), deductive and inductive reasoning, translation, analogy, transfer of knowledge and textual analysis with previous knowledge in French. Students also applied various strategies of checking meaning by using online dictionaries, online translation tools as well as search engines. Social and affective strategies such as seeking explanation from a peer and reminding oneself of goals of the tasks At the end of the study, it was quite evident that strategies adopted by students in understanding information on the website did not differ from those identified by early research in cognitive sciences. However, it is important to note how these strategies enhanced the general understanding of the French Language by students and also their autonomy in learning the language. Various suggestions were offered about the best way of developing students’ autonomous use of Internet resources in the teaching/learning environment.also helped students confirm interpretative guesses about words and phrases they encountered for the first time in French.

Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-18T12:40:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO - CARLA OLIVEIRA DE CARVALHO.pdf: 2206488 bytes, checksum: 04b699664115c461a0ef6f97a1fabfcb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela (anapoli@ufba.br) on 2016-04-28T19:25:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO - CARLA OLIVEIRA DE CARVALHO.pdf: 2206488 bytes, checksum: 04b699664115c461a0ef6f97a1fabfcb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:25:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO - CARLA OLIVEIRA DE CARVALHO.pdf: 2206488 bytes, checksum: 04b699664115c461a0ef6f97a1fabfcb (MD5) / CAPES / Os Mapas Pensantes® são um conjunto de recursos visuais de ensino associados a processos cognitivos que vem sendo usado para intervenções em ambientes de aprendizagem. Atualmente sugere-se que, ao ser usado por professores no contexto escolar, atuam como uma linguagem comum, aprimorando a aprendizagem e transformando informações em conhecimento ativo, além de facilitar a comunicação e compartilhamento de reflexões lógicas. Os estudos indicam que o uso dos Mapas Pensantes® promovem o desenvolvimento acadêmico, ampliação do vocabulário, aprimoramento da compreensão de leitura e do raciocínio matemático, além de desenvolver habilidades sociais e intrapessoais. Objetivos. O presente trabalho teve por objetivos revisar estudos sobre os Mapas Pensantes®, estabelecendo relações com desenvolvimento da compreensão de leitura à luz do Modelo Multicomponente de Memória Operacional, além de apresentar pesquisa que investigou o impacto do uso dos Mapas Pensantes®, durante as aulas de Língua Portuguesa e Redação, no desenvolvimento da compreensão de leitura de estudantes do 1o ano do ensino médio de uma escola pública. Materiais e Métodos. Participaram da pesquisa 40 adolescentes, com idades entre 15 e 18 anos, estudantes de escola pública situada em região urbana de Salvador - Bahia, Brasil. A amostra foi previamente dividida em dois grupos pelo sistema escolar. Os participantes preencheram questionário sociodemográfico, e foram avaliados quanto à habilidade de compreensão de leitura. Além disso, foram computadas suas notas escolares de Língua Portuguesa e Redação, pré e pós intervenção. Para avaliação da inteligência e como critério de inclusão foi aplicado o teste Matrizes Progressivas de Raven, que avalia a inteligência fluida, excluindo estudantes com déficit intelectual. Os grupos (1 e 2) receberam diferentes quantidade de horas de intervenção (14 ou 6 horas, respectivamente), com uso dos MP durante as aulas de Língua Portuguesa e Redação. O desempenho dos dois grupos foi comparado com uso de testes estatísticos não paramétricos. Resultados. No estudo 1, a revisão da literatura sugere que, sendo a memória operacional uma função cognitiva relevante como preditor para a aprendizagem, o seu processamento exerce efeito na habilidade de compreensão de leitura, que por sua vez influencia no desempenho acadêmico. Estudos também indicam que o uso de recursos visuais e verbais, incluindo organizadores gráficos, contribui para o acionamento dos subsistemas passivos da memória operacional. No estudo 2, os grupos 1 e 2 não apresentaram melhoras na compreensão de leitura, independentemente do número de horas de intervenção com os Mapas Pensantes®. Apesar de ter havido um incremento entre o Momento 1 e o Momento 2 do Grupo 1 nas notas de Redação, este não foi significante. Não houve diferenças nas notas de Língua Portuguesa nos Momentos 1 e 2 para os dois grupos. As análises de correlação mostraram correlação positiva entre a medida de inteligência (RAVEN) e a compreensão de leitura no Grupo 1, mas não no Grupo 2. Em ambos os grupos mostrou-se correlação negativa entre a idade e o desempenho acadêmico, sendo significativo apenas para o Grupo 1. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que o uso dos Mapas Pensantes® não tiveram impacto no desempenho dos participantes em relação à avaliação de compreensão de leitura em estudantes do 1º ano do ensino médio, independentemente do número de horas de intervenção. Investigações da compreensão de leitura com instrumentos com maior confiabilidade são necessárias para investigar a eficácia dos Mapas Pensantes® como recurso de intervenção para melhoramento do desempenho acadêmico. Mapas Pensantes® are a set of visual teaching resources associated with cognitive processes used for interventions in learning environments. Currently it is suggested that, when used by teachers in school context, act as a common language, improving learning and transforming information into knowledge, facilitating communication and sharing of logical thinking. Studies indicate that the use of Mapas Pensantes® promote academic development, expansion of vocabulary, improvement on reading comprehension and mathematical reasoning, as well as developing social and intrapersonal skills. Objectives: This work aimed to review studies on Mapas Pensantes® establishing relationships with development of reading comprehension in light of the Multi-component Working Memory Model, and to present research that investigated the impact of the use of Mapas Pensantes® during Portuguese Language and Writing classes in the development of reading comprehension of students of the first year of high school from a public school. Materials and Methods: The participants were 40 adolescents, aged between 15 and 18, from a public school students located in the urban area of Salvador - Bahia, Brazil. The sample was previously divided into two groups by the school system. Participants completed sociodemographic questionnaire and were assessed for reading comprehension ability. In addition, their Portuguese Language and Writing grades were computed, pre and post intervention. For evaluation of intelligence and as inclusion criterion was applied Raven's Progressive Matrices test, which evaluates the fluid intelligence, excluding students with intellectual deficit. Groups (1 and 2) had different amount of hours of intervention (14 or 6 hours, respectively) using the Mapas Pensantes® during the Portuguese Language and Writing classes. The performance of the two groups was compared using non-parametric statistical tests. Results: In study 1, the literature review suggests that working memory is an important cognitive function as a predictor for learning, and that its processing has an effect on the ability of reading comprehension, which in turn influences on academic performance. Studies also indicate that the use of visual and verbal resources, including graphic organizers, contributes to the activation of the working memory passive subsystems. In study 2, groups 1 and 2 showed no improvement in reading comprehension, regardless of the number of hours of intervention using Mapas Pensantes®. Although there was an increase between Moment 1 and Moment 2 of Group 1 in Writing grades, this was not significant. There were no differences in the Portuguese Language grades in Moment 1 and Moment 2 for the two groups. Correlation analysis showed positive correlation between measured intelligence (RAVEN) and reading comprehension in Group 1, but not in Group 2. Both groups showed a negative correlation between age and academic performance, but only significantly for Group 1. Conclusion: The results suggest that the use of Mapas Pensantes® had no impact on the performance of participants with regard to reading comprehension assessment in students of the 1st year of high school, regardless of the number of hours of intervention. Reading comprehension investigations using instruments with greater reliability are necessary in order to investigate the effectiveness of Mapas Pensantes® as and intervention resource for improving academic performance.

O uso da língua materna (LM) faz parte dos exames do conhecimento de uma língua estrangeira (LE) tomados como instrumentos de avaliação em cursos de pós-graduação no Brasil que, em sua maioria, constam de tradução e compreensão leitora de um texto em Inglês. Porém, as abordagens adotadas em cursos de Inglês tendem a deixar a LM de fora do processo de ensino- aprendizagem. Outra questão importante inclui a qualidade e a abrangência da atenção dada à compreensão leitora, embora saiba-se que os cursos de Inglês trabalhem as quatro habilidades (falar, ouvir, ler e escrever) em sala de aula. Diante desse cenário, este estudo busca avaliar a percepção do percurso da aprendizagem de língua inglesa de treze participantes, quando confrontados com a necessidade de realizar provas de LI como parte da seleção para cursos de Mestrado e Doutorado. Aqui, voltamos nosso olhar sobre objetivos de uso do idioma especialmente para compreensão leitora, uma das possíveis ramificações do quadro teórico do Inglês para Fins Específicos (IFE). Neste sentido, apoiamo-nos em Hutchinson & Waters (1987, p. 19), que nos falam em aprendizagem centrada no aluno, nas necessidades trazidas por ele em determinado momento de sua vida profissional ou acadêmica.Para tanto, coletaram-se as percepções de treze participantes, por meio da técnica de Grupo Focal, a respeito do modo como aprenderam a língua inglesa ao longo de suas trajetórias. Utilizamo-nos, para analisar as realizações destes sujeitos, do Sistema de Avaliatividade, proposto por Martin & White (2005) dentre outros, no escopo da Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional, valendo-nos especialmente do domínio semântico de Atitude para investigar as opiniões expressas. Apesar de os participantes terem feito uso de todas as categorias do subsistema da Atitude, Afeto e Apreciação foram as mais recorrentemente utilizadas, já que suas falas revelam não apenas o modo como os sujeitos se sentiam e ainda se sentem quando no papel de alunos sob os métodos vigentes no mercado, mas também suas críticas aos métodos de aprendizagem de inglês. Obtivemos 10 índices de Apreciações Negativas aos cursos de idiomas a respeito da exclusão quase completa da LM em aulas, além de 11 Apreciações Negativas ao modelo de ensino de língua inglesa na esfera escolar. / Mother language use (ML) plays a role in proficiency exams of Foreign Language (FL) which are taken as evaluation tools in graduate degrees in Brazil as they make use to a great extent of translation and reading comprehension of a text written in English. However, English courses tend to leave ML out of teaching-learning process. Another important issue lies on the quality and comprehensiveness paid to reading comprehension, although it is known that English courses teach the four skills (speaking, listening, reading and writing) in classrooms. In light of this scenario, this study aims to appraise the perception of the English learning process of thirteen students when they faced the need of undergoing English exams as part of Masters and Doctoral degree selection. Here, we turned our attention to the use of language concerning the objective of reading comprehension, one of the possible branches of the theoretical background of English for Specific Purposes. In this sense, we have taken support from Hutchinson & Waters (1987, p. 19), once they focus on learner-centered approach as well as on the needs the student brings at some moment of his/her professional or academic life. In order to do so, thirteen participants perceptions were collected by means of Focus group technique, concerning the way they have learnt English language over the years. The Appraisal System, proposed by Martin & White (2005) and others, was employed to analyze their realizations, under the scope of Systemic-Functional Linguistics, particularly the semantic domain of Attitude to investigate their opinions. Despite students performed all the categories over Attitude sub-system, Affect and Appreciation were the most frequently used, once their speeches reveal not only the way they felt and still feel when playing the part of students under the current available methods, but also their criticism regarding English learning methodologies. We observed 10 negative Appreciations concerning debarment of ML from the part of language institutes besides 11 negative Appreciations in relation to English language teaching at schools.

Pesquisas sobre a situação de leitura dos nossos alunos apontam que a maioria não tem proficiência leitora. O problema ganha amplitude quando resultados de avaliações externas elaboradas pelo governo federal são divulgados, dentre eles os da Prova Brasil. Essas avaliações da Educação Básica têm provocado muitas discussões em vários níveis, visto que promovem um retorno de ordem quantitativa, porque controlam o percentual de acertos das questões. Um destes níveis é o organizacional, já que tais avaliações apontam para os possíveis problemas do fazer pedagógico. Esse quadro aliado aos resultados insatisfatórios do município de Duque de Caxias na Prova Brasil motivou a elaboração do Projeto Con-seguir e da Prova Caxias, com o intuito de diagnosticar tais problemas. Este estudo debruça-se sobre a compreensão leitora, tratando especificamente da compreensão leitora dos alunos da rede municipal de educação da Prefeitura de Duque de Caxias em questões que possuem tiras em quadrinhos. Analisamos as questões com tiras na Prova Caxias à luz da Linguística Cognitiva assim como o desempenho dos alunos da rede nessas questões. De caráter eminentemente qualitativo, a análise tem como unidades de análise os conceitos de mescla e de modelos cognitivos idealizados, acompanhada por parâmetros quantitativos relacionados ao desempenho dos alunos na Prova Caxias. Além da análise de questões e quantificação dos resultados da prova em tela, recorremos também à aplicação de questionário investigativo a sete professores da rede, todos da educação básica do município. O propósito foi analisar suas práticas pedagógicas no ensino-aprendizagem de leitura, tratando especificamente do gênero história em quadrinhos. Suas respostas foram analisadas por meio do conceito de categorização por prototipicidade. A análise realizada revela que os principais problemas na compreensão leitora advêm do processamento metafórico (LAKOFF ; JOHNSON, 2002) e da construção de mesclas (FAUCONNIER ; TURNER, 2002) exigidos por esse gênero. Dentre as contribuições do estudo, destacamos o conhecimento construído sobre o processo de construção de sentido em questões de histórias em quadrinhos pelos alunos de Duque de Caxias e a análise crítica sobre das práticas de leitura no ambiente escolar deste mesmo contexto / Research on reading proficiency signals that most students at the 8th grade level are not proficient readers. The problem becomes clearer upon close examination of results from national reading proficiency examinations prepared by the federal government, among them the Prova Brasil. These Basic Education assessments have caused many discussions at various levels. First of all, because they promote a quantitative feedback that controls the percentage of correct answers. Second, because the results point to potential pedagogical problems that need to be addressed. This scenario, together with unsatisfactory results of the Duque de Caxias school district in the Prova Brasil, motivated the elaboration of the Projeto Con-Seguir and also of a local assessment, Prova Caxias, in order to diagnose the problems of the school district that might be responsible for such results. Motivated by such scenario, this study focuses on the reading comprehension of students from Duque de Caxias; it specifically deals with questions that use comic strips in the Prova Caxias. The questions and the performance of the Duque de Caxias School District were qualitatively analyzed in the light of Cognitive Linguistics. To do so, we drew on concepts such as Conceptual Blending and Idealized Cognitive Models. We also drew on quantitative parameters to reflect about students performance in the Prova Caxias. In addition, we applied a questionnaire to seven school teachers who work at the Basic Level, in the Duque de Caxias School District. The purpose was to get to know their teaching practices in the teaching and learning of reading. Specifically, we wanted to know how they use (if so) comic strips. To analyze their interviews we used the concept of categorization by prototypicality. The analysis of the studnets performance revealed that metaphorical processing (Lakoff ; Johnson, 2002) and the construction of conceptual blending (FAUCONNIER ; TURNER, 2002) required by comic strips might be the roots of reading difficulties by these students. Among the contributions of this study, we highlight the knowledge constructed about how participant students make meaning when reading comic strips and about reading practices in general in the same context

One of the many core aspects of learning a language involves reading comprehension. Being able to not only read but understand and decipher the context of content is one of the many factors that are essential in order to fully comprehend a subject. Reading comprehension is this assignments main focus and we have delved into this category through a literature study.For this literature study, we have analyzed the research of multiple different theses as well as scientific articles. Various different studies have been made regarding reading comprehension. We however, have decided to primarily engage in the reading strategies that were originally formed by Palincsar and Brown. The research in which these two authors elaborated on a reading strategy called reciprocal teaching. The content of this assignment discusses the meaning of reciprocal teaching, its' benefits as well as the disadvantages of using the strategy.The reason why this reading comprehension strategy originated lies within the fact that many students were lacking in understanding what they were reading. This became an evident issue that had to be addressed as school results were gradually decreasing. As reciprocal teaching became some sort of phenomena, many countries wanted to implement the strategy into their schools - this includes Sweden.Throughout the many years in which the strategy has been used in schools all over the world, statistics have shown that reciprocal teaching is a valid method for increased knowledge in reading comprehension. In Swedish institutional schools, reciprocal teaching is being used on a daily basis. It has however translated and expanded itself into what is being called "läsfixarna" which this assignment will also discuss. The results show that reciprocal teaching is a fundamentally working strategy that has proven to improve reading comprehension.

Este trabalho tem como proposta investigar as estratégias de leitura usadas pelos alunos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) da Instituição Serviço Social do Comércio (SESC), em Casa Amarela/ Recife-PE, para verificar como suas utilizações interferiram nas habilidades de compreensão de textos. Estimou-se o nível de compreensão de cada aluno, assim como as impressões do seu entendimento sobre o texto, a saber, sua compreensividade textual. Assim, esse diagnóstico aponta as estratégias de leitura mais constantes, pois cada aluno/leitor utiliza critérios particulares ao construir sentido, na leitura. Participaram da pesquisa 10 (dez) alunos sendo 5 (cinco) do Ensino Fundamental II e 5 (cinco) do Ensino Médio. Os alunos fizeram a leitura de textos a fim de verificar as estratégias que utilizam para compreendê-los. Com isto, observaram-se ainda as estratégias de leitura (seleção, antecipação, inferência e verificação) utilizadas pelos alunos durante as atividades. As demandas impostas para o sucesso na sociedade incluem possuir habilidades necessárias para ler e compreender diferentes gêneros textuais, uma vez que esta compreensão interfere diretamente no desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional. Esta pesquisa contribuiu para reflexão, fundamentação e compreensão da prática do ensino, pois mostrou que as estratégias de leituras específicas (subjetivas) dos alunos, para a compreensão de textos, sempre têm como principal suporte o universo destes, com suas prévias e constantes experiências inerentes ao contexto cultural. Além disso, constatou-se que qualquer afirmação de inexistência de compreensão nos alunos/ leitores é precipitada, pois os participantes desta pesquisa demonstraram presença desta característica, a qual se chamou compreensividade textual. Nas análises individuais feitas, ocorreram evidências dessa particularidade de habilidade. Em suma, a pesquisa revelou que as estratégias de leitura adotadas no ato de ler são imprescindíveis para o entendimento compreensivo de textos. Considerou-se, portanto, que no mecanismo de leitura realizado pelos alunos, houve registros que se nomeou (compreensividade textual) como ponto relevante no contexto da leitura, visto que, no ato de ler e ao compreender textos, entram os contextos existenciais e as experiências adquiridas pelos alunos/ leitores. / This Work aims at investigating reading strategies used by Commerce Social Service Institution (CSSI-SESC) Education for Young People and Adults (EYPA-EJA) pupils, in Casa Amarela neighborhood, Recife, Pernambuco in order to verify the way their utilizations- i.e. Reading strategies ones- have interfered on the texts comprehension skills, abilities. One has appraised every pupil comprehension level, as well as their understanding impressions regarding to the text, so to say, their textual comprehensibleness. In this perspective, this diagnostic points out the reading most steadfast strategies, since every pupil/reader applies his own criteria when he/she constructs a certain meaning for his/her reading. Ten pupils have participated in this Research. Five ones among them came from II Basic Teaching and other five ones stemmed from High School Teaching. The pupils have made the text reading aiming at verifying the strategies they use in order to understand them, i. e. the texts. Through this way, one could perceive, still, the reading strategies (selection, anticipation, inference and verification), employed by the pupils during their activities in this regard. The demands imposed on account of the success achievement in society comprise having skills, abilities, necessary to read and understand different textual genders, since this understanding interferes directly in their personal and professional development. This Research has contributed to teaching practice reflection, fundamentation and understanding, since it has shown up that the pupils specific (subjective) reading strategies for texts understanding have always as principal support the same ones universe, with their previous and constant, steadfast experiences inherent to textual context. In addition to this one, one has ascertained that understanding nonexistence any affirmation regarding to pupils/readers is precipitated, hastened since this Research participants have shown up, demonstrated this characteristic presence, which was denominated as Textual Comprehensibleness. In, through the made individual analyses, some evidences have arisen from this particularity. In short, on the whole, this Research has revealed, pointed out that the reading strategies, adopted, taken on the reading act are indispensable for the texts comprehensive knowledge. One has considered,acknowledged, therefore, that in the reading mechanism, put into practice by pupils, there have been registers, records that have been appointed up as (Textual Comprehensibleness), important point in the reading context, since, in the reading act and in the texts understanding, comprehension, it must be included the existential contexts and the acquired experiences by the pupils/readers.

A dissertação está inserida na linha de Pesquisa de Linguagem, Educação e Organização Sócio-Cultural, com o tema: Análise das Estratégias de Leitura de Alunos do Ensino Superior e seu reflexo na Compreensão do Texto. Esta pesquisa investigou as estratégias de leitura, utilizadas pelos alunos dos Cursos de Letras e Pedagogia, da Universidade Federal do Piauí, buscando compreender o processo de leitura desses alunos, a partir da aplicação de questionários e entrevistas, com tarefas que foram respondidas, visando detectar até que ponto o uso de estratégias conscientes pode favorecer uma leitura correta, crítica e autônoma. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo em que buscamos, nos fundamentos da Linguística Textual, com base na abordagem sociointeracionista, o entendimento sobre a formação da competência para a leitura e, no enfoque discursivo, principalmente, os depoimentos dos acadêmicos, participantes da pesquisa, sobre a leitura de um texto de opinião: Para Mônica, mulher de João, mãe de Lucas de Ruth de Aquino da revista Época, que serviu de modelo para avaliação dessa competência; bem com as produções textuais escritas, que compõem o corpus desse estudo. A análise feita de caráter qualitativo como quantitativo, permitiu-nos observar alguns fatores que se mostraram bastantes significativos para evidenciarmos a relevância de termos uma mentalidade estratégica, na compreensão de textos, por meio de aplicação de estratégias, ou seja, o que queremos ressaltar é o fato de que a atividade de leitura, assim desenvolvida, possibilita a utilização metacognitiva e, portanto, consciente, das estratégias de leitura. O referido estudo confirmou, através do modelo de leitura de Goodman(1976), o uso de estratégias conscientes para o cálculo do sentido e o uso de conhecimento prévio, na extração de inferências. Dessa forma, sugerimos que o ensino da estratégia metacognitiva pode contribuir para a formação deste tipo de mentalidade- a estratégica-e pela sugestão de propostas aos desafios, enfrentados por educadores e educandos, particularmente, no que se refere à eficácia leitora dos acadêmicos. Os procedimentos foram guiados, de acordo com as proposições de Bardin(2002), Bauer; Gaskel (2002) , Ghiglione (1982); e nos estudos da oralidade para a transcrição do texto oral dos acadêmicos para o escrito. Organizados em Unidades textuais e de sentido / The dissertation thesis is inserted in the line of Language Research, Education and Socio-Cultural Organization, with the theme: "Analysis of Reading Strategies of Students for Higher Education and its reflection in the Understanding of Text." This study has investigated the reading strategies used by students in courses of Letras and Pedagogia in Universidade Federal do Piauí, trying to understand the reading process of these students, from the use of questionnaires and interviews with tasks that were answered in order to detect until point the use of "conscious strategies" might favor a correct reading, critical and autonomous. This is a descriptive study which we seek in on the grounds of textual Linguistics, based on social interactionist approach, the understanding of the formation of competence for reading and, in the discursive approach, especially the testimony of academics, research participants on reading a text of opinion: For Mônica, wife of João, Luca's mother Ruth de Aquino of the magazine "Time", which served as a model for assessment of competence; well with the written text productions, which make up the corpus of this study. The analysis of qualitative and quantitative, enabled us to observe some factors that proved significant enough to highlight the importance of having a strategic mindset, understanding of texts through the application of strategies, ie, what we want to emphasize is the fact that the activity of reading, developed allows the use metacognitive, and thus aware of reading strategies. The study confirmed, through the model of Goodman's reading, the use of "conscious strategy" to calculate the meaning and use of prior knowledge on the extraction of inferences. Thus to suggest that teaching of metacognitive strategy can contribute to the formation of this type of mentality-the strategic-and suggesting proposals to the challenges faced by educators and learners, particularly with regard to the effectiveness of the academic reader. The procedures were handled in accordance with the propositions of Bardin (2002), Dr.Gaskell ; Bauer(2002), Ghiglione (1982) and based on studies of orality to the transcript oral text to written that texts of academics. Organized into Units and textual sense meaning.