[pt] O direito ao esquecimento não é algo que surge com o advento da internet. No entanto, o crescente número de usuários que acessam a rede, além do desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias, potencializaram a disseminação do seu conceito. Alguns fatos chamaram a atenção para este tema, especialmente a nova regulamentação de proteção de dados pessoais da União Europeia, e o caso do Google Spain e Inc. vs. AEPD e Mario Costeja González, julgado pelo Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia (TJUE). Diante das diversas controvérsias que surgem com o tema, principalmente a partir da decisão do TJUE, o presente trabalho enfrentará os desafios do direito ao esquecimento, desde a origem do seu conceito até a sua aplicação no contexto da internet, problematizando o que de fato é este direito, os fundamentos que os justificam e as obrigações que dele decorrem. A seguir, vão ser analisados casos sobre o direito ao esquecimento que foram julgados na Argentina, Colômbia e Peru, tendo como intuito identificar como que a questão está sendo apreciada no âmbito da América Latina. Serão investigadas as jurisprudências do STJ e de seis Tribunais de Justiça Estaduais (TJRJ, TJSP, TJDFT, TJPR, TJPB, TJAM) sobre o assunto, além dos projetos de lei nacionais que tentam regulamentar o direito ao esquecimento, para que se possa colocar em perspectiva o atual cenário brasileiro sobre o tema. Ao final, será explorada a seguinte hipótese: será que é necessário invocar a existência de um direito ao esquecimento no Brasil, ou é possível tutelar as pretensões que se utilizam de tal rótulo com direitos já previstos pelo ordenamento jurídico? / [en] The right to be forgotten is not a right that arises with the advent of the Internet. Nonetheless, the increasing number of users that accesses the net and the development of new technologies leveraged the dissemination of its concept. A number of events increased the awareness of this topic, such as the recent reform of the General Data Protection Regulation of the European Union, and the Google Spain and Inc. vs. AEPD and Mario Costeja González case, appreciated by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). Regarding the controversies that arises with this theme, especially with the CJEU decision, the present work has the objective of discussing the challenges of the right to be forgotten. It will explore the origin of its concept until its application to the Internet context, questioning what in fact is such right, the legal basis that such right is justified and the obligations arising therefrom. Furthermore, cases of the right to be forgotten that were judged in Argentina, Colombia and Peru will be analyzed in order to identify how such right is being appreciated within Latin America. Following this, the jurisprudence of the present subject of the STJ and six State Justice Courts (TJRJ, TJSP, TJDFT, TJPR, TJPB, TJAM) are to be discussed. Moreover, in order to better understand the Brazilian perspective, the national legislation drafts that aim to regulate the right to be forgotten will also be reviewed. Finally, we are going to stress the following hypothesis: is it necessary to invoke the existence of the right to be forgotten in Brazil or is it possible to guarantee protection of claims that use such designation with rights that are already foreseen in the local legal system?

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-06-23T13:22:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Newton Jancowski Neto_.pdf: 743576 bytes, checksum: 61e156111b259f9aa54418e151cc6d01 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-23T13:22:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Newton Jancowski Neto_.pdf: 743576 bytes, checksum: 61e156111b259f9aa54418e151cc6d01 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-07 / Nenhuma / O objetivo do presente trabalho é o estudo acerca do direito à informação e seu confronto com o direito à privacidade frente aos avanços dos meios de comunicação, abarcando releitura frente o contexto atual. O trabalho começa abordando a sociedade do espetáculo descrita por Guy Debord, passando ainda por análise e crítica de Mário Vargas Llosa, muito embora esse se prenda à crítica da própria cultura. Outrossim, no tocante ao direito à informação propriamente dito, apresenta-se como norte as ideias propostas por Ignácio Villaverde, cuja proposição intenta um caráter dúplice, compreendendo o direito a informar e o direito de ser informado. Desse modo, tem-se o foco na relação do direito à informação com a necessidade de veiculação da notícia verdadeira e imparcial, não se confundindo o referido direito com o direito à liberdade de expressão, cujo viés é mais amplo. Nesse ínterim, resta necessário o estudo dos limites do direito à informação frente ao direito de personalidade, abordagem hermenêutica quando de seu conflito, à medida que o direito entabulado necessita de uma reanálise acompanhando a evolução natural da sociedade e principalmente dos meios de comunicação. / The objective of the present work is the study about the right to information and its confrontation with the right to privacy in front of the advances of the mass media, including re-reading in the current context. The work begins by approaching the society of the spectacle described by Guy Debord, passing also by analysis and critique of Mário Vargas Llosa, although this one bears the criticism of the own culture. Furthermore, regarding the right to information itself, the ideas proposed by Ignácio Villaverde are proposed as a blank, the proposal of which is intended to be two-fold, including the right to inform and the right to be informed. Thus, the focus is on the relationship of the right to information with the need to convey true and impartial news, not confusing this right with the right to freedom of expression, whose bias is broader. In the meantime, it is necessary to study the limits of the right to information in relation to the right of personality, hermeneutical approach in the context of its conflict, to the extent that the law requires a reanalysis accompanying the natural evolution of society and especially the media.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:34:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marina Domingues de Castro Camargo Aranha.pdf: 592650 bytes, checksum: 10a2ec1afd92339db80689da7fe66c5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-10 / Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie / In view of the asymmetry of the labor relationships, as well as the powers granted to the employer, we notice that in several occasions the employer s decisions are as imperative as those emanated from the State, what makes the study of horizontal effectiveness of fundamental rights especially relevant in this area. Another important point to be aware is that the labor legislation does not provide specific provisions regarding the employee s right to privacy protection, reason why the general constitutional provisions are applicable to the labor relationships, given that, as a fundamental right, the right to privacy is inalienable and held by all the members of the society. Moreover, we find that the right to property is also constitutionally granted as a fundamental right and must be protected by the State as an employer right, even in the labor jurisdiction. Given to this conflict, we will reflect about the variables involving this concept and theories involving the effectiveness of fundamental rights and about its applicability, mostly in the relations between individuals. In addition, we will seek to the concept of the right of privacy opposed to the employer s right to property. Then, we will draw an overview of the employer s powers, scrutinizing its facets and boundaries to establish its extent considering the right to privacy in the workplace. Also, we will analyze the labor court s understandings subsequent to the publication of the 1988 Federal Constitution. / À vista da assimetria existente nas relações de trabalho, bem como pelos poderes conferidos ao empregador, observamos em diversas oportunidades decisões e manifestações tão imperativas quanto aquelas provindas do Estado, o que torna o estudo da eficácia horizontal dos direitos fundamentais especialmente relevante nesta seara. Outro ponto importante a se atentar é que a legislação trabalhista não contempla preceitos específicos referentes à proteção do direito à intimidade dos trabalhadores, aplicando-se nesta esfera as regras constitucionais gerais sobre o tema, sendo certo que, como um direito fundamental, é irrenunciável e de fruição geral. Verificamos, ainda, que o direito à propriedade também é constitucionalmente assegurado como direito fundamental e, consequentemente, deve ser tutelado pelo Estado, inclusive na seara trabalhista, como um direito do empregador. Diante deste conflito, no presente trabalho vamos refletir sobre as variáveis envolvidas no conceito de eficácia dos direitos fundamentais e teorias existentes acerca de sua aplicabilidade, notadamente nas relações interparticulares. Buscaremos, além disso, o conceito de direito à intimidade do empregado em contraponto com o direito à propriedade do empregador. Em seguida, traçaremos um panorama sobre os poderes do empregador, esmiuçando suas facetas e limites, para estabelecer a extensão e fruição do direito à intimidade no ambiente de trabalho, pormenorizando, ainda, entendimentos jurisprudenciais emblemáticos sobre o tema posteriores à Constituição de 1988.

Šiame darbe taikant tiek teorinius, tiek empirinius metodus, detaliai analizuojamas žmogaus teisių institutas, naujoji asmens duomenų apsauga Lietuvos elektroninėje erdvėje, kuri kol kas mokslinėje literatūroje buvo aptariama tik fragmentiškai, nors viešojoje erdvėje ši tema nuolat susilaukia pačių įvairiausių vertinimų. Nors darbe daugiausia koncentruojamasi į asmens duomenų prevencinių priemonių teisinio reglamentavimo prieštaringumus, atkreipiamas dėmesys ir į ginčytinų teisės normų pagrindu kylantį galimą konstitucingumo klausimą. Darbą sudaro dvi dalys. Pirmojoje aptariamos bendrosios žmogaus teisių instuto tendencijos: pateikiamos įvairios žmogaus teisių ir laisvių koncepcijos interpretacijos, istorinė analizė ir vaidmuo socialinėje aplinkoje, charakterizuojama žmogaus teisių apsaugai reikšmingų teisės normų reglamentacija, įvertinamas galimas teisės normų kolizijos atvejis dėl Direktyvos 2006/24/EB integracijos į Lietuvos teisyną. Antrojoje darbo dalyje identifikuojamos apsaugos priemonių ir žmogaus teisės į privatumą teisinio reglamentavimo ir praktikos problemos. Darbe nustatyta, jog telekomunikacijų teikimo bendrovės rizikuoja pažeisti žmogaus teisę į privatumą asmens duomenų apsaugos srityje dėl nepakankamai sureguliuotų priemonių internervencijos. Be to, atkreiptinas dėmesys į tai, kad naujosios duomenų apsaugos teisės normos gali prieštarauti Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucijos saugomoms vertybėms. Atsižvelgiant į nustatytas asmens duomenų apsaugos politikos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / This work, using both theoretical and empirical methods, in detail analyses The Institute of Human Rights, the new personal data protection in Lithuania’s electronic communications, which in scientific literature has only been discussed in fragmentary, although publicly this theme constantly receives a wide range of estimates. Although the work is mostly concentrated on contradictions in regulations of personal data preventative measures, it also draws attention to the possible constitutionality issue raised on the basis of controversial rules of law. The work consists of two parts. The first part discusses the general tendencies of The Institute of Human Rights: provides various interpretations on The Concept of Human Rights, historic analysis and their role in the social environment; characterizes rules of law regulations that are significant to The Human Rights protection; assesses the possible conflict of laws in the case of Directive 2006/24/EC integration into the Lithuania’s statute-book. The second part identifies legal and practical issues of The Human Right to Privacy and security measures. The paper found, that telecommunications companies are at risk to violate The Human Right to Privacy in the field of personal data protection due to intervention of insufficiently regulated measures. In addition, attention is drawn to the fact that the new rules of law on data protection may contradict the values protected by Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania... [to full text]

This present work aims to demonstrate that the mandatory submission convicted of a crime committed, intentionally, with serious violence against person or heinous crime, to identify the genetic profile by DNA extraction - deoxyribonucleic acid, although by proper and painless technique is offensive to fundamental rights. For this purpose, it is part of the overall concept of the right to privacy, which is configured as a negative right or protection against unlawful state mismanagement, in order to protect a need or a basic right to the free individual self-determination. Then genetic intimacy is defined as an asset able to reveal the physical, psychological, behavioral and disease features, which, if disclosed or accessed without the consent of the accused, may generate stigmatization and discrimination of the subject involved, violating in this way, therefore, the right to privacy. In conclusion, we move towards emphasizing besides the right to privacy, compulsory provision of biological material to identify the genetic profile is offensive to fundamental rights to physical liberty or outpatient; physical integrity; to the freedom of religion or conscience; non-discrimination; the silence and non-production of evidences against himself, and in last instance, the biggest vector of all fundamental rights: the dignity of the human person. For the proposed objective, the research will be of an exploratory nature. As for the methodology, it was chosen the deductive method. Finally, as the procedure was adopted bibliographic as type and technique. / O presente trabalho tem por finalidade demonstrar que a submissão obrigatória de condenados por crime praticado, dolosamente, com violência de natureza grave contra pessoa, ou por crime hediondo, à identificação do perfil genético, mediante extração de DNA – ácido desoxirribonucleico, ainda que por técnica adequada e indolor, é ofensiva a direitos fundamentais. Para tanto, parte-se do conceito geral do direito à intimidade, o qual se configura como um direito negativo ou de proteção contra as ingerências ilegítimas do Estado, visto proteger uma necessidade ou um bem básico para a livre autodeterminação individual. Em seguida, define-se a intimidade genética como sendo um patrimônio capaz de revelar as características físicas, psíquicas, comportamentais e de enfermidade, que, se revelados ou acessados sem o consentimento do imputado, poderão gerar a estigmatização e descriminação do sujeito envolvido, violando-se, desse modo, o direito à intimidade. Em linhas de conclusão, caminha-se no sentido de enfatizar que além do direito à intimidade, o fornecimento compulsório de material biológico para identificação do perfil genético é ofensivo aos direitos fundamentais à liberdade física ou ambulatorial; à integridade física; à liberdade religiosa ou de consciência; a não descriminação; ao silêncio e a não produção de prova contra si mesmo, e, em última instância, ao vetor maior de todos os direitos fundamentais: a dignidade da pessoa humana. Para o desiderato proposto, a pesquisa será de cunho exploratório. Quanto à metodologia, fez-se a opção pelo método dedutivo. Por fim, quanto ao procedimento, adotou-se como tipo e técnica, o bibliográfico. / São Cristóvão, SE

1 Monitoring of employees in context of General Data Protection Regulation Abstract This diploma thesis focuses on the supervision and monitoring of employees from multiple perspectives. Based on the relevant European and national caselaw the thesis specifies whether employees shall have right to the protection of their privacy and integrity at the workplace. Thesis also analyses selected aspects of personal data protection with emphasis on personal data of employees as data subjects processed by employers as controllers. In particular attention is devoted to selected obligations, which arises from General Data Protection Regulation for such personal data processing in the light of relevant statements and guidelines provided by the European Data Protection Board, Article 29 Data Protection Working Party and the Office for Personal Data Protection. Thesis in detail addresses the supervision of employees carried out by § 316 of the Labour code, whereas interprets its provisions as well as conditions for establishing the supervision of employees arising from such interpretation. Classification of the provisions of the § 316 paragraph 1 to 3 and their interdependencies are further outlined. Thesis defines monitoring as one way to carry out supervision under paragraph 2 through the analysis of the term...

This thesis explores if and how states can regain control over large social media platforms like Facebook, and by doing so ensuring that individuals on those platforms can de facto enjoy their human rights, as enshrined in international treaties. Today, the platforms are crucial facilitators of human rights but at the same time facilitators of threats towards the enjoyment of the same rights. Behind this duality hides three gaps, namely between individuals’ de jure enshrined human rights and their de facto possibilities to enjoy them on social media, states extensive de jure obligations to ensure those rights on social media and their limited de facto possibilities to actually do so, and lastly between the platforms limited de jure responsibilities to respect human rights and their extensive de facto influence over human rights. The reason that these gaps have arisen is essentially that public international law – mainly its strict horizontal character and its definition of jurisdiction as something exclusively tied to a delimited physical territory – is inadequate to tackle the virtual, cross-border, and non-state activity that the platforms are pursuing. To find what could be done to lessen these gaps, this thesis turns to theories in analytical jurisprudence and public international law: the identity of systems, legal pluralism and international legal subjectivity. The first suggests that this issue cannot be solved due to different legal systems having different identities and thus cannot be bridged. The second also suggests that the issue cannot be solved not because of differing identities of systems but because the platforms should be regarded as autonomous legal systems, not subordinate to state law. Finally, the third alternative suggests an actual solution: making the platforms subject directly to international law and universal jurisdiction. Even though this is a legally sound solution it is, however, not as simple a solution as it might appear.

Informacijos apie asmens sveikatos būklę konfidencialumas yra svarbi įstatymų saugoma vertybė. Tačiau teisės doktrinoje, teisės aktuose ir teismų praktikoje pri¬pažįstama, kad teisė į privataus gyvenimo neliečiamumą nėra absoliuti. Kai ribojama asmens teisė į privatų gyvenimą, toks ribojimas turi būti numatytas įstatymų lygmenyje ir ad hoc analizuojama, ar toks ribojimas yra būtinas demokratinėje visuomenėje, siekiant ap¬saugoti teisėtą tikslą. Darbe yra nagrinėjami ir vertinami informacijos apie asmens sveikatos būklę atskleidimo tretiesiems asmenims atvejai, identifikuojami pažeidimai ir pateikiamos rekomendacijos, kokių teisinių priemonių įgyvendinimas padėtų tinkamai užtikrinti asmens teisę į šią privataus gyvenimo sritį. Darbe pristatoma asmens sveikatos informacijos konfidencialumo samprata, aprašoma, koks yra asmens, kaip paciento, teisės į privataus gyvenimo neliečiamumą reglamentavimas Lietuvoje, pristatoma šalių praktika, identifikuojami sveikatos informacijos konfidencialumo principo ribojimai, pateikiami atvejai, kuomet informacija apie asmens sveikatos būklę yra atskleidžiama pažeidžiant teisės aktus, taip pat vertinami atvejai, kai galimai ultra vires įstatymų leidėjas priima įstatymus, kurie prieštarauja LR Konstitucijai ir tarptautinėms sutartims. Darbe yra išsikeliamos dvi hipotezės: H1 – Lietuvoje be paciento sutikimo atskleidžiant informaciją apie paciento sveikatos būklę draudimo įstaigoms pažeidžiama asmens teisė į privatų gyvenimą; H2 – Lietuvoje... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Confidentiality of personal health information is an important value which is protected by The Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania and other laws. However, the right to confidentiality is not recognized as absolute in the doctrine of law, legislation and legal cases. When there is the restriction of confidentiality of personal health information, it is necessary to emphasize the principle of necessity to protect a legitimate target which is necessary in a democratic society. It is important to notice that every restriction must be provided at the level of a piece of legislation. In the paper there is analyzed and evaluated the cases of the disclosure of personal health information to third parties, identified violations and made recommendations what legislative measures should be implemented to ensure the patient's right to private life. In the paper there has set the following objectives: to analyze the current situation in Lithuania what there is the regulation of the patient's right to privacy; to present the practice of different countries about patient's right to privacy; to carry out a theoretical analysis by comparing the various scientific researches on the personal health privacy; to determine what is the restrictions for the principle of medical confidentiality; to identify privacy problems while disclosing personal health information; to reveal when information is disclosed in accordance... [to full text]

Ce mémoire traite de la portée de la protection constitutionnelle du droit à la vie privée informationnelle au Canada, au regard de la surveillance électronique gouvernementale à grande échelle des métadonnées des communications électroniques, à des fins de sécurité nationale. Il est soutenu, après une présentation de l’importance démocratique de la vie privée, de même que de la nature et de la portée de certaines activités gouvernementales de surveillance électronique, que le cadre d’analyse du « Biographical core », qui conditionne l’étendue de la protection de la vie privée informationnelle en droit constitutionnel canadien, est susceptible d’inclure les métadonnées des communications électroniques. Cette position est appuyée par un argumentaire juridique fondé sur les règles d’interprétation et la jurisprudence constitutionnelle pertinente. Cet argumentaire se trouve renforcé par potentiel considérablement révélateur des métadonnées, des particularités propres aux activités de surveillance électronique analysées, ainsi que des implications non-juridiques soulevées par ces dernières. / This master’s thesis focuses on the scope of the Canadian constitutional protection of the right to privacy, in view of the wide scale governmental electronic surveillance of electronic communications metadata, conducted for national security purposes. It is argued, following a detailed presentation of the nature and extent of certain specific governmental electronic surveillance activities, that the « Biographical core » analytical framework, governing the scope of the protection granted to informational privacy in Canadian constitutional law, is most likely applicable to electronic communications metadata. This position is directly supported by the relevant constitutional interpretation rules and cases. This is particularly true in light of the fact that metadata are, inherently, potentially significantly revealing, especially considering the capacities of an array of electronic surveillance activities, as well as the non-legal implications they entail for privacy.

This thesis deals with the Act no. 52/2009 Coll., which amends the Act no. 141/1961 Coll. (Penal Procedure Code), as amended by latter Acts, and some other Acts. Because of its alleged censorial character, it was often referred to as the "Muzzle Act" by local media. The thesis is composed of five parts. The first one describes methods used in the rest of the text, the second one explains main theoretical concepts and essential topics that are important for understanding the other parts - right to privacy, right to information, publication of transcripts obtained by eavesdropping devices etc. It also describes contents of the "Muzzle Act" and its amendment. The third part reviews how the Act passed the legislative process in both chambers of the Parliament, including protests of media and some scholars against it. All the main reasons why protestors considered the Act censorial or even unconstitutional are drawn up in the fourth part of the thesis. It also sums up thoughts and confronts thoughts of people who argued in favour of the Act. In the fifth part, journalists from Czech News Agency (ČTK), daily newspaper Mladá fronta DNES, weekly magazine Respekt and news website Aktuálně.cz describe how the Act influenced their working habits and contents of their media. One specialist in the field of journalism...