Partindo do exame dos pressupostos do realismo formal no romance, a dissertação pretende demonstrar como a desconfiança do narrador beckettiano quanto aos fundamentos que sustentam a voz em primeira pessoa e a estrutura ficcional do romance, observada desde Molloy e Malone Morre, dá lugar ao exame dos fundamentos relacionados à constituição da própria noção de subjetividade e desdobra-se em reflexões de natureza linguística em O inominável. Momento em que a hipótese de que é na linguagem e pela linguagem que o homem se constitui como sujeito, formulada pelo linguista Émile Benveniste, será desenvolvida considerando a dimensão trágica da experiência do eu. Com efeito, parte da tarefa da desta dissertação consiste em demonstrar a pertinência do trágico em O inominável, com o propósito de aprofundar a discussão teórica sobre a narrativa do século XX. / From an examination of the formal assumptions realism in the novel, the dissertation aims to demonstrate how distrust of Becketts narrator at the grounds that support the voice in first person and the fictional structure of the novel, observed since Molloy and Malone Dies, giving rise to the investigation of the grounds related to the constitution of the notion of subjectivity and unfolds in linguistic nature reflections in The Unnamable. Moment when the hypothesis that it is in the language and by the language that humans is constituted as subject, formulated by the linguist Émile Benveniste, will be developed based on the tragic dimension of the experience of \"I\". Indeed, part of the task of this dissertation is to demonstrate the relevance of the tragic dimension in The Unnamable, in order to deepen the theoretical discussion of the twentieth centurys narrative.

Seine Biographie hielt der irische Dichter Samuel Beckett (1906 - 1989), Träger des Literatur-Nobelpreises 1969, zurückhaltend für wenig erwähnenswert. Deshalb konnten die Lücken nur mühsam geschlossen werden. ....

[pt] Partindo da concepção hoje bastante disseminada de que a tradução é uma atividade especialmente favorável à criação e à crítica, esta tese propõe a tradução de três dos dramatículos de Samuel Beckett, peças escritas originalmente em inglês e traduzidas em seguida para o francês pelo próprio autor: Not I / Pas Moi (1973/1975), Footfalls / Pas (1976/1977) e Rockaby/Berceuse (1981/1982). O projeto tradutório mobiliza as duas versões de cada texto, de uma forma que se quer sensível à riqueza das interferências mútuas entre as soluções de cada língua. Busca, nesse sentido, alguma sintonia com a práxis de criação bilíngue do autor irlandês, método que é, como se sabe, vital para a realização de seu celebrado imperativo poético – cavar um buraco atrás do outro (na linguagem), manifesto na Carta Alemã (1937). Nas traduções para o português brasileiro, a poética da tradução do próprio Beckett é pensada em interseção privilegiada com as reflexões que o crítico e tradutor Haroldo de Campos fez gravitar em torno do conceito de transcriação. A tese reúne uma trilogia que, surgindo depois de Happy Days (1960), traz a voz feminina para o protagonismo: as três peças traduzidas apresentam a questão da instabilidade identitária dessas vozes em monólogos complexos. No âmbito das traduções propostas e dos ensaios críticos e notas que a elas acrescento, busco discutir essa e outras questões conexas na escrita beckettiana: a indeterminação do Eu, sempre oscilante, móvel; a produção de fantasmas, espelhamentos e ecos; e a hibridização de gênero, que agrega a tensão entre a teatralização da narrativa e as soluções líricas. A trilogia de vozes femininas marca a fase final da obra do autor e nunca foi traduzida em conjunto, em especial enfrentando-se o aspecto bilingue dos textos. / [en] Starting from the widely disseminated conception that translation is an activity especially favorable to creation and criticism, this thesis proposes the translation of three of Samuel Beckett s dramatículos, plays written originally in English and then translated into French by the author himself: Not I / Pas Moi (1973/1975), Footfalls / Pas (1976/1977) and Rockaby / Berceuse (1981/1982). The translation project works upon the two versions of each text, in a way that is sensitive to the richness of the mutual interference between the solutions of each language. The project demands, in this sense, some harmony with the Irish author s bilingual creation praxis, a method which is, as we know, vital for the realization of his celebrated poetic imperative - to dig one hole after another (in language), German Letter (1937). In these translations into Brazilian Portuguese, the poetics of Beckett s own translation is thought of in privileged intersection with the reflections that the critic and translator Haroldo de Campos made to gravitate around the concept of transcreation. The thesis assembles together a trilogy that, after Happy Days (1960), brings the question of female voice to protagonism: the three translated pieces present the question of identity instability of these voices in complex monologues. In the scope of the proposed translations and of the critical essays and notes that I add to them, I try to discuss this and other related questions in the Beckettian writing; the indeterminacy of the Self, always oscillating, mobile; the production of ghosts, mirrors and echoes; and the hybridization of genre, which agregates the tension between narrative theatricalization and lyrical solutions. The trilogy of female voices marks the final phase of the author s work and has never been translated together, especially in light of the bilingual aspect.

Se peut-il que l'auteur s'efface en partie de son texte ? Se peut-il que sa discrétion soit délibérée, et au point de déléguer des pouvoirs auctoriaux à son destinataire ? Peut-il prendre les devants sur l'opération critique qui voudrait le "tuer" ? Et comment réagir face à une telle production ? Le lecteur n'en deviendrait-il pas autre ? L'objet de cette thèse sera de montrer qu'une littérature "moindre-auctoriale" est possible. Mieux ; qu'elle existe. / Is it possible that the author clears himself from his text ? is it possible that his discretion is delibarate, and to the point of delegating auctorial powers to his recipient ? Can he take the lead on the critical operation that would "kill" him ? And how to respond to such production ? Wouldn't the reader become another one ? The goal of this thesis will be show that a "lesser-auctorial" litterature is possible. Better ; that it exists.

Ângulos de uma caminhada lenta: exercícios de contenção, reiteração e saturação na obra de Bruce Nauman parte da discussão de um conjunto de trabalhos do artista norte-americano com o intuito de compreender a estrutura, os elementos constitutivos e os procedimentos característicos de sua produção. A obra de Bruce Nauman mantém uma projeção pública há mais de quatro décadas e contempla meios e materiais variados - das primeiras moldagens às recentes instalações sonoras, o artista passa pela performance, vídeo, fotografia, desenho, gravura e intervenção em escala urbana - e mobiliza, a despeito de sua natureza multifacetada, um conjunto recorrente de questões, algumas das quais em franco diálogo com a tradição da escultura. Além de interrogar a persistência de uma espécie de inteligência escultórica na obra, esta tese propõe examinar o modo peculiar com que Nauman lança mão de alguns procedimentos disseminados nas obras de artistas da sua geração, sobretudo o uso da repetição em chave distinta dos processos de seriação em voga na década de 1960. Nos trabalhos de Nauman, os procedimentos de reiteração, redução, contenção e permutação de poucos elementos tendem a promover experiências de saturação e de extenuação, e, nesse sentido, aproximam-se de certos aspectos da obra de Samuel Beckett; duas linguagens artísticas diferentes que, todavia, mantêm pontos de convergência temática e formal / Angles of a slow walk: exercises in restraint, reiteration and saturation in the work of Bruce Nauman has as its starting point a discussion of a representative array from among the artist\'s production that seeks to obtain a greater understanding of the structure, constitutive elements and specific procedures found in his work. Nauman\'s production has sustained its popular prominence for more than four decades, and spanned an impressively wide spectrum of means and materials - from the early castings and moldings to the recent sound installations, through performance, video, photography, drawing, engraving, print and urban scale interventions - which summons, in spite of its multifarious nature, a persistent, recurring set of questions, some of which engage the sculptural tradition in an open and challenging dialogue. In addition to assessing the endurance of this type of sculptural intelligence in the artist\'s production, the thesis aims at examining the idiosyncratic way in which Nauman employs certain artistic procedures common to the works of artists of his generation, in particular his use of repetition in a fashion quite distinct from the serial processes en vogue in the 1960s; furthermore, the thesis attempts to uncover a number of formal convergences between Nauman\'s procedures in a significant assortment of pieces, and Samuel Beckett\'s body of work, with an emphasis on the exhaustive recombination of minimal elements as well as the use of repetition, suppression and restraint as fundamental mechanisms to promote a saturation of experience.

Ângulos de uma caminhada lenta: exercícios de contenção, reiteração e saturação na obra de Bruce Nauman parte da discussão de um conjunto de trabalhos do artista norte-americano com o intuito de compreender a estrutura, os elementos constitutivos e os procedimentos característicos de sua produção. A obra de Bruce Nauman mantém uma projeção pública há mais de quatro décadas e contempla meios e materiais variados - das primeiras moldagens às recentes instalações sonoras, o artista passa pela performance, vídeo, fotografia, desenho, gravura e intervenção em escala urbana - e mobiliza, a despeito de sua natureza multifacetada, um conjunto recorrente de questões, algumas das quais em franco diálogo com a tradição da escultura. Além de interrogar a persistência de uma espécie de inteligência escultórica na obra, esta tese propõe examinar o modo peculiar com que Nauman lança mão de alguns procedimentos disseminados nas obras de artistas da sua geração, sobretudo o uso da repetição em chave distinta dos processos de seriação em voga na década de 1960. Nos trabalhos de Nauman, os procedimentos de reiteração, redução, contenção e permutação de poucos elementos tendem a promover experiências de saturação e de extenuação, e, nesse sentido, aproximam-se de certos aspectos da obra de Samuel Beckett; duas linguagens artísticas diferentes que, todavia, mantêm pontos de convergência temática e formal / Angles of a slow walk: exercises in restraint, reiteration and saturation in the work of Bruce Nauman has as its starting point a discussion of a representative array from among the artist\'s production that seeks to obtain a greater understanding of the structure, constitutive elements and specific procedures found in his work. Nauman\'s production has sustained its popular prominence for more than four decades, and spanned an impressively wide spectrum of means and materials - from the early castings and moldings to the recent sound installations, through performance, video, photography, drawing, engraving, print and urban scale interventions - which summons, in spite of its multifarious nature, a persistent, recurring set of questions, some of which engage the sculptural tradition in an open and challenging dialogue. In addition to assessing the endurance of this type of sculptural intelligence in the artist\'s production, the thesis aims at examining the idiosyncratic way in which Nauman employs certain artistic procedures common to the works of artists of his generation, in particular his use of repetition in a fashion quite distinct from the serial processes en vogue in the 1960s; furthermore, the thesis attempts to uncover a number of formal convergences between Nauman\'s procedures in a significant assortment of pieces, and Samuel Beckett\'s body of work, with an emphasis on the exhaustive recombination of minimal elements as well as the use of repetition, suppression and restraint as fundamental mechanisms to promote a saturation of experience.

Lorsque l´architecture se déterritorialise de son milieu d´origine pour être conçue et éprouvée « en » littérature, son statut ontologique dominant et traditionnel se voit inévitablement altéré. Cette altération procède de la nature représentative de son art d´accueil, qui, comme le dit Etienne Souriau, présente un dédoublement formel en une forme primaire, celle du représentant (le langage littéraire); et une forme secondaire, celle du représenté (en l’occurrence ici l’architecture). Ceci fait que l´écrivain se voit inévitablement confronté à des conditions de conception de l´architecture différentes de celles de l´architecte. Nous proposons dans cette recherche une méthode d´observation analytique de ce que nous appelons les quatre plans de conception de l´architecture déterritorialisée dans le texte littéraire, et que nous appliquerons à deux récits: Le Dépeupleur de Samuel Beckett et Le Terrier de Franz Kafka. Les deux premiers détaillent la manière dont l´architecture se trouve organisée dans la diégèse de l’œuvre littéraire, ce sont: 1) le plan de conception de l’Objet architectural et (2) le plan de conception de l´Expérience que les personnages en font. Les deux autres détaillent la manière dont l´architecture se trouve modulée, amplifiée, déformée voire orientée par le langage artistique; ce sont: 3) le plan de conception de la Narration de l´Objet et de l´Expérience, ainsi que 4) le plan de conception de leur Textualisation. De l´articulation singulier par l´écrivain de ces quatre plans de conception découlera pour le lecteur une expérience esthétique et cognitive inédite de l´architecture que nous tentons d’évaluer dans ce travail. / When architecture deterritorializes itself from its domain of origin to be conceived and experienced “in” literature, its dominant and traditional ontological status is unavoidably altered. The cause of this alteration has to do with the representative nature of its host art, which, according to Etienne Souriau, presents a formal split into a primary form, the one representing (the literary language); and a secondary form, that of the represented (in this case the architecture). This situation causes the writer to be inevitably confronted by different conditions of conception of architecture than those taken into account by the architect. In this research we propose a method of analytical observation based on four levels of conception of the deterritorialized architectures within the literary text. We are going to apply this method to two short stories: Le Dépeupleur by Samuel Beckett, and Le Terrier (Der Bau) by Franz Kafka. The first two levels of conception detail the way architecture is organized within the diegesis of the literary work, and they are: 1) the level of conception of the architectural Object, and 2) the level of conception of the Experience the characters make of it. The two other levels detail the way architecture is modulated, amplified, deformed and oriented by the artistic language, and they are: 3) the level of conception of the Narration of the Object and the Experience, and 4) the level of conception of their Textualization. The very singular assembly of these four levels conceived by the writer will lead the reader to have an unprecedented aesthetic and cognitive experience of architecture that we attempt to evaluate in this research.

Radio drama developed as a genre as new media proliferated and challenged the cultural primacy of print. The methods of production and distribution and the literary genres that developed during the age of print provided models for radio playwrights to follow but also cultural forces for them to challenge. This dissertation considers these dual influences of print on the radio drama of four playwrights: Orson Welles, Dylan Thomas, Samuel Beckett, and Tom Stoppard. Each playwright “remediates” the printed page in radio plays by adapting or evoking the form of various literary texts, including novels (Welles), travel writing (Thomas), diaries and transcribed speech (Beckett), and historical writing (Stoppard). By representing written texts in an electronic, primarily oral medium, these authors examined the status of literary expression in an age of ascendant electronic media. Welles’s The War of the Worlds and Huckleberry Finn, Thomas’s Under Milk Wood and other broadcasts, Beckett’s Rough for Radio II and Embers, and Stoppard’s In the Native State highlight defining features of the print tradition and reveal how practices of writing and “reading” changed in the radio environment. These plays suggest that radio prompted writers to reconsider the literary author’s creative role, the text’s stability, and the audience’s interaction with the work. “Radio Texts” ultimately argues, therefore, that radio drama’s significance transcends its place in media history and dramatic criticism; the works I examine also point to radio plays’ important role in authors’ re-evaluation of literary expression in a changing twentieth-century media ecology. / text

<p>This study constitutes an attempt to bring the notion of stupidity into relation with ethics and creativity, through a reading of Samuel Beckett's Endgame. Employing Emmanuel Lévinas' theories on ethics - the responsible responsiveness in regard to the Other and the concept of the Face - the objective is to demonstrate how stupidity, conceived as lack of control and knowledge, functions as a precondition for the ethical relation between humans, as well as that of the individual to her creativity.</p>

This paper considers two purposes for actor training—textual interpretation and devising original works—through the teaching of a class based on contemporary theatrical clown and physical theatre exercises which are then applied to Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot. Devised work can be used to interpret a script, and a script can be used as a jumping-off point to devise new works. Beginning with an explanation of the teaching methods for the class, the paper then gives a background of clowns who performed in Beckett’s plays, and analyzes various productions' use of games to enliven text. Exercises from the class are used as examples of exploring the uncovering of clown personas and the application of games to both Beckett scene-work and invented theatre pieces. The students’ final performances are examined to demonstrate the effectiveness of the classwork, confirming that textual interpretation and devising are complementary instead of opposing practices.