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<p>Dru&scaron;tvena odgovornost u ugostiteljstvu, samim tim i hotelijerstvu, aktivnost je koja nije dovoljno zastupljena u Republici Srbiji. U svetu se velika pažnja poklanja ovoj problematici, dok u Srbiji ona &quot;čini svoje prve korake&quot;. Kako veliki globalni hotelijerski lanci, tako i mali nezavisni hoteli, prepoznali su važnost sprovođenja dru&scaron;tveno odgovornog poslovanja, ne samo zbog (diskutabilnog) dobročinstva, već pre svega zbog finansijskih i drugih dobiti koje im ona donosi. Cilj ove disertacije je da kod učesnika na turističkom (hotelijerskom) trži&scaron;tu pobolj&scaron;a razumevanje odnosa između životne sredine, dru&scaron;tvene odgovornosti i ekonomskog uspeha poslovanja. Namera je da se preporukama nastalim na osnovu rezultata ovog istraživanja utiče na formalne i neformalne institucije da uvedu ekolo&scaron;ke standarde u hotelijerstvo u Srbiji.</p> / <p> Social responsibility in the hospitality industry, therefore in hotel industry, is activity not sufficiently represented in the Republic of Serbia. In the world of the great attention paid to this issue, while in Serbia, it makes its &quot;first steps.&quot; As a major global hospitality chains and small independent hotels have recognized the importance of implementing corporate social responsibility, not only because of the (questionable) well-doing, but primarily because of financial and other benefits that it brings them. The aim of this thesis is that the participants in the tourism (hospitality) improve market understanding of the relationship between environment, social responsibility and economic success of business. It is intended that the recommendations arising from the results of this research affect the formal and informal institutions to introduce environmental standards in the hotel industry in Serbia.</p>

Hur resonerar allsvenska klubbar om medialiseringens inflytelse och vilken roll har covid-19spelat i den utvecklingen? Ur ett konstruktivistiskt perspektiv har jag utfört kvalitativa intervjuermed kommunikationsansvariga från sju olika allsvenska klubbar. Med ett institutionellt teoretisktperspektiv söker studien belysa medialiseringens inflytelse på svensk elitfotboll i en covid-19kontext. Intervjupersonernas upplevelser visar att mediernas relevans ökar inom allvenskan.Pandemin har accelererat medialiseringsprocessen, där klubbarnas kommunikation tillsupportrar, sponsorer och intressenter idag är genomsyrad av medier. Jag argumenterar även föratt klubbarnas karaktär, funktion och struktur har ändrats som en konsekvens av covid-19.Klubbarna agerar idag både som underhållningsbolag, vinstdrivande företag och idrottsförening.Studien belyser allsvenska klubbars speciella situation i den moderna fotbollen. Där de dels slåssmed internationella giganter och samtidigt drivs av lokala arbetskrafter. / How does football clubs in Sweden's highest league reason about mediatizations influence andwhat role has covid-19 played in this development? I have conducted qualitative interviews froma constructivist perspective with communication managers from seven clubs. With aninstitutional theoretical perspective, this study has the ambition to show mediatization's influenceon Swedish elite football in a covid-19 context. The interviewees experience that the relevance ofmedia has increased. Which is a consequence of change in the society on one hand and covid-19on the other hand. The pandemic has accelerated the mediatization process, where the club'scommunication with supporters, sponsors and other stakeholders have been influenced by themedia. I argue that the clubs have changed character, function and structure as a consequence ofcovid-19. Today they act both as an entertainment company, commercialized company and alsoa sports association. The study demonstrates swedish football clubs' special situation in relationto modern football. Where they partly compete with international gigants while still being drivenby a local workforce.

Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med denna studie var att ge en djupare förståelse kring aktiva elit-damfotbollsspelares erfarenheter och synpunkter kring tidig specialisering/diversifiering i förhållande till motivationsaspekter. Frågeställningarna var: Vad är aktiva elit-damfotbollsspelares syn på tidig specialisering och diversifiering? Hur ser aktiva elit-damfotbollsspelare på sina erfarenheter inom idrotten i förhållande till motivationsaspekter? Metod Studien är kvalitativ och har genomförts genom intervjuer. Fyra aktiva elit-damfotbollsspelare mellan 17–18 år deltog i studien, från tre olika elit-certifierade föreningar i Stockholmsområdet. Intervjuerna spelades in, transkriberades och analyserades. Författarna letade efter beskrivningar som stämde överens med förutbestämda teorier/definitioner och nya tankar/idéer. Resultat Resultatet visade att samtliga deltagare hade liknande synpunkter kring tidig specialisering; att tidigt utveckla idrottsspecifika färdigheter. Alla deltagare hade erfarenheter av diversifiering och tre av dem specialiserade sig inom fotbollen vid 16 års ålder. Alla deltagare rekommenderade att tjejer ska bestämma själva om man ska specialisera eller diversifiera sig. Fyra huvudteman framkom utifrån intervjuerna; syn på tidig specialisering, erfarenheter av diversifiering och senarelagd specialisering, diversifiering och motivationsaspekter, samt senarelagd specialisering och motivationsaspekter. Slutsats Idrottarens väg till elitprestation är mer komplicerad än vad författarna trodde, exempelvis kan man satsa på en huvudidrott och utöva andra idrotter för nöjets skull tills man är uppe i gymnasieålder. Det kanske handlar mindre om att specialisera sig eller inte utan hur träningen upplevs, hur man utvecklar idrottsspecifika idrottsfärdigheter, en kvalitetstränare, idrottarens autonomi, att nå sin fulla potential och vara i en involverande kamrat-miljö med gemensamt intresse av att spela fotboll.

In north-western Germany, inland dunes and natural floodplains were widespread in the past. Due to the regulation of the natural course, large rivers have experienced serious anthropogenic influences resulting in a decline of adjacent natural floodplains. The realization of a restoration project in north-western Germany had the aim to restore a floodplain composed of inland dunes and seasonally flooded grasslands. Within this project, the response of wild bee communities to such restoration measures was evaluated. Therefore, an analysis of the succession and distribution patterns of wild bee communities in restored and target habitats was conducted. In chapter 1 and 2 the success of the restoration measures was evaluated by a comparative analysis of wild bee communities at restoration and target sites. The results show a rapid colonization of a species-rich wild bee community reflecting a community composition which is composed of generalists, specialists and parasitic species. The quantity of entomophilous plant species and the proportion of bare ground had a strong influence on wild bee species composition. To gain insight into the connectivity of wild bee populations, the population genetic structure of two wild bee species, Andrena vaga and Andrena fuscipes was analysed in chapter 3 and 4. Additionally, general intrinsic factors that maintain the genetic diversity and influence the degree of inbreeding were evaluated in chapter 5 on the basis of an extensive literature survey. These results reflect a high dispersal ability and inter-population movement of wild bees. For both species a high genetic diversity within populations and a low genetic differentiation among populations was found. In conclusion, wild bees proved to be useful indicators for monitoring the effects of restoration projects. The combination of population genetic analyses and community monitoring provides the opportunity to evaluate different aspects of restoration success.

Traditionally managed temperate semi-natural meadows are generally considered as one of the most diverse habitats worldwide. During the past decades, management changes and abandonment of meadows pose serious threats to communities of both flowering plants and pollinators. However, the extent to which are pollinators affected by changes in floral resources still remain unknown. To investigate the effect of floral resources on visitation specialization, species richness and abundance of hoverflies, pollination networks from 13 meadows in the Železné hory PLA were constructed and analysed. Moreover, patterns were recorded on two spatial scales, in transects and in the whole meadows. To specify the specialization of hoverfly pollinators, unvisited plant species and all resources present on a site (transect/meadow), offered by plants as floral abundance and nectar rewards, was added in the networks. Relationships between plant species richness, floral abundance and nectar sugar production were positively correlated with visitation specialization of hoverflies on the meadow scale. Species richness and abundance of hoverflies was affected by floral resources on the transect scale, unlike the specialization of hoverflies. The usage of extended network indices may act as an improvement towards the better...

This current study utilized recreation specialization and leisure motivation theory to explore the meanings, perspectives, and behaviors among female surfers. Despite numerous studies previously published regarding recreation specialization and leisure motivation related to activity participation, little research has been conducted on the activity of surfing from a female perspective. Data for this study were collected using in-depth, semi- structured interviews of nine women surfers from the California Central Coast. Content analyses of the data involved coding and identifying key themes, patterns, and categories. The dominant themes significant within recreation specialization included past participation (e.g., preceding activities to eventual participation and wave/swell conditions), perceived skills (i.e., skills important to surfing, perceived skill level), commitment (e.g., central to life activity, central leisure activity, affective attachment, and adoption of social/cultural values), and enduring involvement (e.g., attraction and sensory enjoyment). The major themes that emerged from data specific to leisure motivation included initial attraction (e.g., observing others), initial motivation to participate/actively pursue (e.g., desirable setting and sensory enjoyment) and enduring motivation (e.g., achievement/stimulation, sensory enjoyment, anticipation, attraction and flow). Major themes emerged from the results of this study identify the varying styles of involvement in the participants. Additionally, results revealed the behaviors and feminine perspectives of participants that identified the meanings and experiences associated with these categories. Participants identified the pre-activity routines they engage in to prepare for surfing addressed how surfing provides them opportunities for relational leisure and self-determined leisure. Lastly, participants’ revealed factors that constrain participation and opportunities for relational and autonomous experiences.

Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur tidig specialisering framför allt påverkar handbollsföreningen Ystad IF (YIF) och få en uppfattning kring hur IFK Ystad (IFK) tänker när spelare som inte platsar i YIF går till IFK i stället. Studien kommer också fokusera på hur det påverkar ungdomsleden i IFK och om det försvårar för ungdomarna i IFK att kunna ta en plats i A-laget samt hur samarbetet ser ut idag mellan föreningarna i förhållande till deras historiska rivalitet.  Metod: Denna studie utgår från en kvalitativ strukturerad intervjustudie med ett induktivt angreppsätt. Fem intervjuer gjordes där två av dem representerade YIF, en av dem från IFK och två spelare som tidigare spelat i YIF men som idag spelar i IFK. En avgränsning gjordes där fokus endast låg på handboll. Tillsammans med information från intervjuerna användes vetenskapliga artiklar, relevant litteratur samt allmänna källor och hemsidor för att kunna analysera fram ett resultat.  Teori: Det teoretiska ramverket som användes för studien utgick från sportifieringsmodellen samt tre av de sju processer som beskriver idrotten av Guttmann (2004).  Resultat och slutsatser: Resultaten visade att YIF strävar efter att skapa en balans mellan tidig specialisering och att uppmuntra ungdomarna att delta i flera sporter. De ansåg att tidig specialisering bör ske vid gymnasieåldern, runt 16 år, för att spelarna ska vara mogna att satsa på en sport. IFK har idag heller inga problem med att rekrytera spelare från YIF utan snarare kan se det som en fördel. IFK betonade vikten av att vilja satsa på talanger som vill bli bäst och att de bästa spelare ska spela oavsett vart de kommer ifrån. Samarbetet mellan föreningarna ansågs vara gynnsamt, och rivaliteten mellan dem hade i stort sett försvunnit i jämförelse med förr. Studien anses ha nått sitt syfte genom att ge insikter om YIF:s syn på tidig specialisering, IFK:s attityd till att ta emot spelare från YIF och det nuvarande tillståndet av rivalitet mellan föreningarna. / Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate how early specialization primarily affects the handball club Ystad IF (YIF) and gain an understanding of IFK Ystad's (IFK) perspective when players who don't make it to YIF join IFK instead. The study also focuses on how this affects the youth teams in IFK and whether it hinders the youth players' chances of making it to the senior team. Additionally, the study examines the current state of collaboration between the two clubs in relation to their historical rivalry.  Method: This study employs a qualitative structured interview study with an inductive approach. Five interviews were conducted, two representing YIF, one from IFK, and two players who previously played for YIF but now play for IFK. The study specifically focuses on handball. Alongside the interview data, scientific articles, relevant literature, and general sources were used to analyze and derive results.  Theory: The theoretical framework of the study is based on the sportification model and three of Guttmann's (2004) seven processes that describe sports.  Results and Conclusions: The results revealed that YIF strives to strike a balance between early specialization and encouraging youth players to participate in multiple sports. They believed that early specialization should occur during the high school years, around the age of 16, when players are mature enough to commit to a single sport. IFK currently has no issues with recruiting players from YIF. In fact, they see it as an advantage. IFK emphasized the importance of investing in talented players who aspire to excel and that the best players should play regardless of their origin. The collaboration between the clubs was considered beneficial, and the rivalry between them has largely diminished compared to the past. The study has achieved its objective by providing insights into YIF ́s perspective on early specialization, IFK ́s attitude towards recruiting players from YIF, and the current state of rivalry between the clubs.

Men's violence against women is an ever-increasing societal issue. The social services bear the responsibility of supporting and protecting women who are victims of violence seeking help. This responsibility has been delegated to social workers based on municipal autonomy. To ensure the safety placements of these women, social workers are guided by standardized assessment tools implemented across municipalities. Previous research suggests that safety assessments might differ depending on where in the country women seek support and protection. The study focuses on investigating the basis upon which social workers ground their safety assessments and whether circumstances exist that cause variations in these assessments across different municipalities. Data from social workers is gathered through eight semi-structured interviews. This empirical data is processed and analyzed using the theoretical concept of scope for action. The study reveals that social workers base their safety assessments on FREDA and conversations with the victims of violence. It discusses the significance of the victim's narrative and how deficiencies in resources and evaluation can lead to discrepancies in assessments. The choice of assessment tools and the scope for action of social workers are questioned.

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