Industry 4.0 is being investigated all around the world and it brings an entire arsenal of new tech-nology. It is during major technological changes where we have the chance to change old pat-terns. It is through knowledge of the future and discussion that SSAB and IF Metall will be able to steer the technological changes into the desired direction; A direction which promotes economic and environmental sustainability as well as creating an attractive workplace.There were three objectives with this project. The first objective was to map the current state of maintenance work at SSAB. The second was to develop a future vision within the concept Indus-try 4.0, which promotes attractive workplaces. The last objective was to evaluate the method used to develop the vision. The mapping of the current state of maintenance at SSAB is based on interviews and obser-vations. We decided to delimitate us to shift maintenance. The reason to focus on the shift main-tenance unit of SSAB was that because contain many competences and work all over the pro-duction area. The result of the mapping is that the work is characterized by variating tasks, personal development and pride. It is also male-dominated and characterized by old traditions, tough jargon and macho culture. In general, we conclude that it is an attractive workplace for those who belong to the current homogeneous group.The future vision was developed using personas and workshops. Three personas were created to represent the target group. They were used as a basis of discussion for us and for the participants in the three workshops. The goal of the workshops was to generate a high quantity of futuristic and abstract ideas. The ideas were then combined with theories regarding Industry 4.0 and at-tractive workplaces to form a future vision. To create attractive work content, the future vision focused on placing the worker in the centre of decision-making as a problem solver. This was ac-complished by using new technology to provide information to the worker so he or she can make an informed decision: a digital assistant. To enhance the learning capability of workers the vision contained a VR world where the worker can practise different scenarios. The VR can also be used for marketing to attract people from outside the company. The futuristic vision also presented crowdsourcing of experts and tutors to improve the troubleshooting process and shorten the learning period. If an error is too complicated, the worker has the opportunity to connect to an expert using AR to get their guidance. At the beginning of an employment, every worker is enti-tled to a tutor who will assist you on your missions. To make the workplace more attractive and to change the old picture of the steel industry the vision presented three improvement areas. Firstly, clean & bright facilities which will attract a wider range of people. Secondly, centralised office where employees can meet, work and network. Thirdly, new working roles focusing on troubleshooting and sustainable solutions.Our recommendation is to explore the other maintenance divisions at SSAB and other industries to see if maintenance of acute problems can be centralised over the borders of industries. We also recommend future projects to use participation of managers and workers throughout the implementation process to create higher acceptance and understanding, but also to reduce fear, resistance and promote ownership to the change process. / Industri 4.0 undersöks just nu över hela världen och det medför en hel arsenal av ny teknik. Det är under stora teknologiska förändringar som vi har möjligheten att ändra gamla mönster. SSAB har, genom det här projektet, aktivt valt att skapa ett diskussionsunderlag om framtidens underhållsarbete på SSAB. Det är genom kunskap om framtid och diskussion som SSAB och IF Metall kommer kunna styra den teknologiska utvecklingen i rätt riktning. En riktning som främjar hållbarhet ur både klimat och ekonomisk synvinkel, såväl som skapar en attraktiv arbetsplats. Projektet bestod av tre mål. Det första målet var att kartlägga nuläget för underhållsarbetet på SSAB. Det andra målet var att utveckla en framtidsvision inom ramarna för konceptet Industri 4.0, en framtidsvision som främjar attraktiva arbetsplatser. Det tredje och sista målet var att utvärdera den metod som används för att utveckla framtidsvisionen. Kartläggningen av nulägesbeskrivningen på SSAB är baserad på intervjuer och observationer. Vi beslöt oss för att avgränsa oss till skiftunderhåll då de besitter många kompetenser samt arbetar över hela stålverket. Resultatet från nulägesbeskrivningen visade att arbetet karaktäriseras av varierande arbetsuppgifter, personlig utveckling och yrkesstolthet. Skiftunderhåll är mansdominerat och kännetecknas av gamla traditioner, tuff jargong samt macho-kultur. Vår slutsats är därför att arbetsplatsen generellt kan ses som attraktiv till de människor som tillhör den nuvarande homogena gruppen.Framtidsvisionen utvecklades med hjälp av personas och workshops. Tre personas skapades för att representera målgruppen. Syftet var att använda dem som diskussionsunderlag både för oss men även för deltagarna i de tre workshops som genomfördes under projektet. Målet med workshopsen var att generera en hög kvantitet av futuristiska och abstrakta idéer. Idéerna kombinerade därefter med teori kring Industri 4.0 och attraktiva arbetsplatser för att till slut forma framtidsvisionen. För att skapa ett attraktivt arbetsinnehåll fokuserar framtidsvisionen på att placera arbetaren i centrum av beslutsfattandet som en problemlösare. Det uppnåddes genom att använda ny teknologi för att förse arbetaren med information så att hen kan fatta ett välgrundat beslut: en digital assistent. För att effektivisera arbetarens inlärningsförmåga innehåller visionen en VR värld där arbetaren kan öva i olika scenarion. VR världen kan också användas i marknadsföringssyfte för att attrahera personer utanför företaget. Den futuristiska visionen presenterar även crowdsourcing av experter och handledare för att förbättra felsökningsprocessen samt förkorta inlärningsperioden. Arbetaren har möjlighet att, om ett uppstått fel är för komplicerat, ringa upp en expert och få deras vägledning genom AR glasögon. I början av en anställning har varje arbetare tillgång till en handledare som kan bistå med assistans under uppdragen. För att göra arbetsplatsen mer attraktiv och för att ändra den gamla bilden av stålindustrin presenterar visionen tre förbättringsområden. Det första området är rena och ljusa faciliteter som kommer attrahera ett bredare utbud av människor. Det andra området är centraliserat kontor där de anställda kan träffas, arbeta och umgås. Det tredje området är nya arbetsroller som fokuserar på felsökning och hållbara lösningar.Vår rekommendation är att utforska de andra underhållsavdelningarna på SSAB och även underhållsarbete i andra industrier. Syftet är att se om underhåll för akuta problem kan bli centraliserade över industrigränser. Vi rekommenderar också framtida projekt att använda deltagande av chefer och arbetstagare under hela processen för att skapa högre acceptans och förståelse för förändringen. Deltagande är också viktigt för att minska rädsla, motstånd och främja känslan av ägande gentemot förändringen.

As the world population has exceeded 7 billion in 2011, the global awareness of sustainability arises more than ever since we are facing unprecedented challenges in energy, water, material and climate change, in order to sustain our current and future generations on this planet. The Guardian has named the Iron Bridge opened in 1781 across the River Severn, Shropshire, UK as the cradle of the modern world, which is the world's first cast-iron bridge and remains as the enduring symbol of the Industrial Revolution (Guardian, 2009). Ever since, in the spanning of 250 years, iron and steel have been the cornerstone of modern industries from developed countries to developing ones especially for those which are still experiencing their major urbanization process. Nevertheless, iron and steel making are among the most raw material-dependent and energy intensive industries with large gaseous pollutants, CO2 and waste generations in the world. Therefore there is a pressing need to solve these resource and environmental problems associated with the iron and steel making. This work addresses a number of challenges stated above by focusing on the improvement of the overall sustainability of this highly energy-intensive industry via (1) utilizing inexpensive iron ore tailings to enhance the material sustainability, (2) CO2 reduction by mineral carbonation using its own solid waste stream, i.e., iron and steel slags, and (3) slag valorization through the use of carbonated slags as sustainable construction materials. This work begins with the study of an ironmaking plant using the direct reduced iron (DRI) process, which is a molten iron production method utilizing fluidized bed and melter-gasifier technologies. This technology allows the direct production of the molten iron using the inexpensive iron ore tailings and the non-coking coal, during a gas-solid reaction in the fluidized bed. Practically, a higher percentage of the fine particles (i.e., iron ore tailings) is favored to mix in the feedstock because it is cheaper than the traditionally used coarse particles (i.e., bulk and fine iron ores). The challenge of this novel technology is attributed to the entrainment of the fine particles during the gas-solid fluidization. Since the electrostatic phenomenon was significant during the particulate fluidization systems which might affect the particle entrainment, the electrostatic charge generation and accumulation were investigated for binary and quaternary particulate systems. Specifically, the effect of the addition of two different iron ore tailings (i.e., hematite and magnetite) in the fluidized bed was studied in terms of particle-particle interactions, electrostatics, and entrainment rates. The behaviors of different particulate systems were found to be highly dependent on the chemical and physical properties of the particles. The results suggested that the enhanced electrostatic forces between the fine and coarse particles due to the electrostatic charging during the fluidized bed operation retained the fines to some extent and the sintering of the fine particles could happen on the surface of the coarse particles during the iron ore reduction. Therefore, for this fluidized bed based DRI process, iron ore tailings are proved to be able to replace the coarse iron ores to the extent that fine particles will sinter but not be entrained and thus the overall cost of raw materials could decrease. In iron and steel making, limestone and dolomite are also mixed in the feedstock to remove the impurities of the iron ores, mostly silica, which forms slag as a silicate-based material in the downstream of this process. Slags of different types have been reused as cement clinker, aggregate, road base and fertilizer. Recently, iron and steel slags have also been deemed as alternatives for mineral sequestration because these slags are similar to natural Ca/Mg-bearing silicate minerals. The accelerated weathering of natural minerals or industrial wastes is an environmentally benign route to thermodynamically stabilize carbon. Thus, another study of this work is fixing the CO2, especially emitted from the iron and steel plant, into the slag, a solid waste generated from the same processing stream. In particular, the stainless steel slag has been a focus since its application in construction materials has been limited due to the high content of FeO and the environmental concern of heavy metals leaching (e.g., Cr). Along with the iron and steel making, the cement industry is also among the largest industrial CO2 emitters. Mixing carbonated slags as a filler material in the cement mortar while guaranteeing the overall quality of the cementitious material could reduce the usage of limestone and the carbon emissions from limestone calcination and reduce energy input during the cement production. In this study, the production of environmentally benign cementitious material was coupled with the direct carbonation of stainless steel slag. Compressive strength, exothermic behavior and leaching behavior of the mixed cement mortar were investigated. Particularly, mixing 10 wt% of the direct carbonated stainless steel slag sample prepared at 30 °C in a Portland cement did enhance the compressive strength of the cement mortar. Also, the mixing retarded the hydration and overall setting time. Finally, the Cr leaching of the cement mortar with the addition of the direct carbonated stainless steel slag was minimized. Thus, the iron and steel industry and cement industry should collaborate, to minimize their overall material input, energy usage and carbon emission jointly. During the direct carbonation, stainless steel slag and CO2 flows are introduced into the solvent simultaneously. Whereas for the two-step process, calcium ions are extracted from the solid matrix into an aqueous phase, and then the CO2 is bubbled through and reacts with the Ca. The two-step route allows optimizing the conditions for both the dissolution and the carbonation. Moreover, the precipitated end products (e.g., precipitated calcium carbonates, PCC) from the two-step process, normally with higher quality compared to direct carbonated slags, can be adapted for various industrial and construction applications. However, the overall reaction is constrained by the kinetics of the stainless steel slag dissolution. Thus several organic and inorganic chelating agents were applied in order to accelerate the dissolution. Some of these agents were found to be desirable for the dissolution of stainless steel slag at different pH via the differential bed study. Ligand concentration and temperature affected the extent of the extraction in the batch reactor. For the carbonation step, PCC from the modeled chemical solution and the dissolved stainless steel slag solution were non-identical, which was also affected by the reaction pH and temperature. The properties of the PCC prepared in the batch reactor and the bubble column reactor were also found to be dissimilar. Thus, for an iron and steel plant that adopts the two-step carbonation of slags for CO2 reduction, the end products could be engineered by tuning the reaction conditions to meet different end-user requirements. On the other hand, there have been significant efforts to reduce the cost of the two-step carbonation, including the utilization of value-added byproducts like iron oxide. In particular, silicate minerals or industrial waste often contain 5~20 wt% of Fe and by dissolving the iron into aqueous phase, a variety of Fe-based materials can be synthesized by precipitation. In this work, Fe-based catalysts were synthesized from serpentine and stainless steel slag (SSS) and applied to the biomass-to-hydrogen conversion via an alkaline thermal treatment pathway. The synthesized Fe-based materials were compared with the purchased hematite and magnetite and the reduced Fe-based catalyst derived from SSS was found to be catalytically active. This suggests an opportunity to produce inexpensive catalysts from the solid waste of the iron and steel making. Finally, a novel iron making scheme based on a fluidized bed DRI system was proposed by this study. It combined all the studies above that inexpensive iron ore tailings were used as a feedstock for the iron production, slags were utilized for sequestering CO2 and ended as filler materials for cement mortar. Preliminary economical and life cycle assessment was investigated based on the current scale of an existing industrial plant. An economically, environmentally and ecologically favored iron, steel and cement production system could be potentially achieved with improved overall material sustainability and carbon footprint.

Abstract The steel industry has been known as 'The mother of all industries '. With the emerging incidents such as Asian financial meltdown, industrialization of the China, and the policy of macro economic controls by the China government, the stock index of the steel industry has fluctuated violently. Despite the economy of China is to be adjusted upwards, in the foreseen future, the global steel supply will be probably exceed the demand. Such phenomenon definitely causes the pressure on the market that it also attracts much attention of the relevant stockholders. Current research investigates the most suitable model for valuating the stock price of the steel industry that would provide valuating methods to the corporate management and investors for decision making and investment. This research has studied 19 companies of steel industry of Taiwan listing companies with 6 approaches including the ¡¥Discounted Free Cash Flow Models¡¦, ¡¥Price to Earning Ratio¡¦, ¡¥Price to EBITDA Ratio¡¦, ¡¥Price to Sales Ratio¡¦, ¡¥Price to Book Value Ratio¡¦ and ¡¥Edwards-Bell-Ohlson Model¡¦ to valuate their reasonable intrinsic value from 2000 to 2005. The test of Theil¡¦s U is then applied to evaluate the approaches in order to justify the best valuation model. This study indicates the following results¡GThe Price to Book Value Ratio is the best valuation model since its smallest Theil¡¦s U value. The Price to Earning Ratio is the most unsuitable model for this evaluation purpose with a highest Theil¡¦s U value.

Submitted by Rodrigo Pastor Faceiro Lima (limarpf@hotmail.com) on 2016-12-13T12:30:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_MEX2015_Rodrigo Pastor Lima.pdf: 2865830 bytes, checksum: f57e0f28c7850f7b99610f40f530ef29 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2016-12-13T18:43:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_MEX2015_Rodrigo Pastor Lima.pdf: 2865830 bytes, checksum: f57e0f28c7850f7b99610f40f530ef29 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-26T12:30:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_MEX2015_Rodrigo Pastor Lima.pdf: 2865830 bytes, checksum: f57e0f28c7850f7b99610f40f530ef29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-16 / A longevidade e sucessão em uma empresa familiar é um desafio a todas as famílias empresárias. São poucas as empresas familiares que alcançam a 3ª geração. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um estudo de caso para ensino com foco em estratégia, cultura e gestão de empresa familiar a fim de identificar elementos que permitam a longevidade empresarial. O estudo de caso teve por objeto o Grupo Gerdau que, com mais de 100 anos de existência, é administrado atualmente pela 5ª geração familiar. Nesta trajetória o Grupo Gerdau cresceu internacionalmente e hoje é o segundo grupo siderúrgico das Américas. A utilização deste estudo de caso para ensino permitirá ao docente abordar os referenciais teóricos de estratégia, cultura e conectá-los com a teoria de gestão de empresa familiar. / The longevity and succession in a family business is a challenge for every entrepreneurial family. Few family businesses are able to reach their 3rd family generation. The objective of this work is to present a case study for learning, with focus on strategy, culture and family business management. The case study was based on Gerdau Group, which exists for more than 100 years and currently is managed by their 5th generation. Gerdau Group has grown into a multinational company and is, today, the 2nd largest steel producer in the Americas. The case study could be used to address the theoretical frameworks of strategy, culture and connect them with the family business theory.

The South African economy desperately requires an injection from small manufacturing enterprises that are productive and highly organized - hence the need to identify suitable productivity measurement approaches for use in these enterprises. The following research question was formulated: Which productivity approach( es) is (are) generally most suitable for small manufacturing enterprises in the steel and engineering industry of South Africa? The following directions of research were identified: (1) A literature search revealed 12 productivity measurement approaches. The theory of each is discussed in detail. (2) An empirical search was performed to establish the requirements of industry. This process is fully discussed. The results of both the literature and empirical searches were used to develop a list of criteria. These criteria were compared with each of the approaches, and only three were found to conform to these requirements. The results of this comparison provided the answer to the research question. / Department of Business Management / M.Com (Business Management)

<p align="justify">Partant du mouvement managérial de remise en cause de l'organisation classique aussi appelée bureaucratie mécaniste ou encore entreprise taylorienne et fordienne qui a pris vigueur au début des années 80, l'architecture de cette thèse se structure en trois parties étroitement interdépendantes.</p><p><p><p align="justify">La première partie porte sur l'innovation managériale, c'est-à-dire sur les doctrines et les outils de gestion qui, à partir de la fin du siècle passé et du début de ce siècle, ont façonné l'histoire du management. Le regard porté conduit à relativiser voire à rompre avec certains lieux communs. Ainsi force est de constater que l'entreprise classique a fait l'objet au cours du temps d'un certain nombre de critiques, d'un certain nombre de tentatives d'aménagement voire même de dépassement. Notons toutefois que, par rapport aux tentatives précédentes, celle qui a débuté au début des années 80 apparaît beaucoup plus profonde au niveau des intentions et surtout beaucoup plus largement partagée par les managers. Par ailleurs, la lecture avancée insiste sur la dimension cyclique de l'histoire du management. Enfin, concernant la période actuelle, l'idée de mode est réfutée au profit de celle d'un construit étalé dans le temps.</p><p><p><p align="justify">La deuxième partie est consacrée à une étude de cas portant sur une grande entreprise sidérurgique. L'analyse faite s'articule autour du concept de bloc sociotechnologique dont la paternité revient à Pierre Bouvier (Le travail au quotidien: une démarche socio anthropologique, Paris, PUF, 1989). Dans cette optique, l'histoire récente de l'entreprise peut être posée comme celle du passage d'un bloc à un autre, c'est-à-dire d'une articulation relativement cohérente entre des variables différentes sociale, économique, politique, technologique. à une autre. Pour le faire ressortir, trois histoires connexes ont été relatées et analysées en détail:</p><p><p><p align="justify">La première histoire est micro-économique. Elle fait une large place à la crise comme élément de rupture par rapport au passé et aux restructurations successives qu'elle a entraînées. Sur la durée, celles-ci sont particulièrement révélatrices de l'évolution des rapports de force entre les acteurs. Elles mettent également en lumière les "dégâts" humains et sociaux provoqués par la modernisation.</p><p><p><p align="justify">La deuxième histoire est relative à l'évolution technologique. En sidérurgie, comme dans la plupart des secteurs traditionnels, les nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication sont venues véritablement bouleverser les univers de travail. A ce niveau, l'analyse s'est centrée sur les multiples effets socio-organisationnels liés à l'informatisation des outils.</p><p><p><p align="justify">La troisième et dernière a trait à la modernisation managériale. Dans le cas particulier de l'entreprise, elle débute à la fin des années 70 avec l'arrivée d'un nouveau directeur général. Toutefois, ce n'est qu'au début des années 80 que la volonté de renouveau managérial commence réellement à se concrétiser avec le développement des cercles de qualité et de progrès. Par la suite, l'entreprise ne cessera d'innover. Ainsi, vers la fin des années 80, la direction adopte la qualité totale comme mode de management. Dans ce cadre, elle multiplie les nouveaux concepts et les nouveaux outils de gestion: plan d'amélioration de la qualité, assurance qualité, topomaintenance, statistical process control, prime de progrès, etc. Enfin, après avoir réalisé d'importantes économies et fiabilisé son processus de production, vers le milieu des années 90, la direction témoigne d'une volonté de repenser son mode d'organisation et de gestion du personnel. Ainsi, par exemple, il est de plus en plus question d'organisation apprenante ou qualifiante.</p><p><p><p align="justify">Chacune de ces innovations a fait l'objet d'une présentation et d'une analyse socio-organisationnelle approfondie. Sans entrer dans les détails, soulignons cependant que la mise en oeuvre d'une nouvelle organisation du travail et d'une gestion individualisée des carrières vient en quelque sorte finaliser l'émergence d'un nouveau bloc sociotechnologique.</p><p><p><p align="justify">Quant à la troisième partie, elle est consacrée à une lecture théorique de l'innovation managériale à partir des concepts de l'analyse stratégique. Toutefois, la mobilisation du cadre théorique développé par Michel Crozier et Erhard Friedberg a également conduit à en souligner certaines limites dont le rejet de la dimension historique de l'organisation et de ses acteurs.</p><p><p> / Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation sociologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Par rapport aux ressources énergétiques fossiles combustibles, l’énergie solaire présente des caractéristiques inhérentes à la nature même de la ressource. Ce constat met en évidence la nécessité de système de stockage d’énergie. Ce travail de thèse consiste à étudier un stockage thermique pour une centrale solaire à concentration, ainsi que ses deux composants essentiels : le fluide de transfert et les matériaux de garnissage solides. La compréhension du système de stockage thermocline sur lit de roche est réalisée grâce à une approche expérimentale et numérique. Une alternative innovante sur le choix du fluide de transfert consiste à utiliser des huiles végétales. Concernant le garnissage, un matériau à géométrie contrôlée est développé à partir d’un coproduit issu de la sidérurgie. L’originalité de cette association pour le stockage thermique permet d’allier performance, disponibilité des matériaux en quantité industrielle tout en réduisant l’impact environnemental et financier. / Compare to fossil fuel energy resources, solar energy presents the inherent characteristic given by the very nature of the resource (intermittent availability). This observation highlights the need for thermal energy storage system. This doctoral thesis studies thermal energy storage for concentrating solar power plant, as well as its two essential components: the heat transfer fluid and the thermal energy storage materials. The analysis of the thermocline storage system with filler materials is achieved through experimental and numerical approaches. An innovative alternative for the heat transfer fluid consists to use vegetable oils, which offers comparable thermal properties and operating behavior to conventional thermal fluid. Regarding thermal energy storage materials, many natural and recycled materials can be used. A storage material with controlled geometry is developed from steel industry co-product. The originality of this combination for thermal energy storage combines performance, materials availability at industrial scale while reducing environmental and financial impact.

This thesis investigates manufacturer-distributor power relationship in the Chinese Iron and Steel Industry. The main objectives of this study are to identify, describe and investigate the power relationships in Chinese Iron and Steel Industry; to understand the concept of power from the perspective of distributors and their relationship with State-Owned Enterprises and Private-Owned Enterprises in this industry; and to explore the possibility of developing an extended research power-relationship framework by investigating the power construct and potentially related and relevant factors in the Chinese market that may impact predicted outcomes such as positive conflict resolution attitude and levels of conflict. Two quantitative pilot studies were conducted, consisting of 14 surveys with semi-structured questions each, which were instrumental in the design of an extended power relationship model by incorporating the factors such as the level of trust, frequency of communication and level of guanxi that drive positive conflict resolution attitude into the traditional power model that had not been combined in a single framework before. Subsequently, the main study was carried out comprising 148 questionnaires completed by distributor firm managers. These represent the views of 74 respondents, who responded for both state-owned enterprises and private-owned enterprises in the Chinese Iron and Steel Industry The sample size is 74 respondents including 14 respondents that were also respondents for the pilot studies. This study generated four main findings. 1) a State-Owned Enterprises tend to use more non-coercive power than Private-Owned Enterprises, and have a stronger negative effect than Private-Owned Enterprises; 2) although Private-Owned Enterprises were rated higher than State-Owned Enterprises in the level of trust, and have a stronger positive effect when explaining the observed relationship between the level of trust and positive conflict resolution attitude, the difference is really minimal; 3) Private-Owned Enterprises were rated higher than State-Owned Enterprises in the frequency of communication, and have a stronger positive effect than State-Owned Enterprises in the explanation of the relationship between frequency of communication and positive conflict resolution attitude. 4) Private-Owned Enterprises were rated higher than State-Owned Enterprises in the level of guanxi, and have stronger positive effect than State-Owned Enterprises in the explanation of the relationship between level of guanxi and positive conflict resolution attitude. These findings contribute to fill gaps in the literature with regard to power relationships in distribution channels. This thesis extends the current boundary of knowledge through the formulation of an extended framework that integrates conflict resolution constructs into a typical/traditional power model. This extended framework comprises new constructs such as level of trust, frequency of communication and level of guanxi and hypothesises their impact on conflict resolution attitude and level of conflict in the Chinese distribution channel. New knowledge is created by investigating differences regarding the use of power by SOEs and POEs considered from the distributor perspective in the Chinese context. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed in detail.

Produktkoncept för en dubbelhaspel för plåt – För effektivisering inom stålindustrin vid hantering av plåt, är ett projekt som genomförts på Karlstads universitet i samarbete med Camatec Industriteknik AB och är ett examensarbete i högskoleingenjörsutbildningen ’Innovationsteknik och Design’. Projektet handlar om att ta fram ett produktkoncept för en dubbelhaspel. Camatec Industriteknik AB är ett konsultföretag och arbetar i en nära relation med företaget Camcoil Systems AB. Camcoil Systems AB tillverkar idag enkelhasplar, maskiner som används inom stålindustrin vid hantering av tunn plåt, bandplåt. Camcoil Systems AB har uttryckt en önskan att på sikt även tillverka dubbelhasplar. Genom detta projekt läggs en grund för Camcoil Systems AB att ta vid och vidareutveckla det framtagna konceptet. För att ta fram ett hållbart produktkoncept har fyra huvudkategorier undersökts; marknad, teknik, design samt budget. Säkerhet är en kategori som också tas hänsyn till i projektet. I projekt tillämpas designprocessen för att nå målet. En förstudie ligger till grund för hela projektet, där de fyra nämnda huvudkategorierna samt vetenskapliga teorier vad gäller perception, färglära, produktutveckling samt gestaltningslagar behandlas. Det framtagna konceptet består av enkla former uttryckt i runda former där dess utseende och funktion går hand i hand och på så sätt förstärker varandra. Konceptet besitter samtidigt en hållbar teknik och en god säkerhet som ryms inom Camcoil Systems AB’s kostnadsram. Med det framtagna konceptet skapas ett hållbart underlag och möjliggör en vidareutveckling för Camcoil Systems AB att på sikt vara en potentiell aktör på marknaden vad gäller dubbelhasplar. / Product concept for a double-reel for sheet metal – For a more effective process in steel-industry in handling sheet metal, is a project as implemented at Karlstad university in cooperation with Camatec Industriteknik AB and is an examination of the engineering education ’Innovationsteknik och Design’. The project is about to develop a product concept for a double-reel. Camatec Industriteknik AB is a consulting company and works in a close relationship with the company Camcoil Systems AB. Camcoil Systems AB manufactures single-reel’s, machines as used in the steel industry in handling thin sheet, strip steel. Camcoil Systems AB has expressed the desire to in the future be a double-reel manufacture. By this project Camcoil Systems AB wants to build a base to develop the produced concept. In order to develop a sustainable product concept there are four major categories in this project which are investigated; Market, technology, design and budget. Security is something that is also taken into consideration in the project. The design-process is applied in order to achieve the goal. A feasibility study is the basis for the entire project, where all these four main categories, scientific theories regarding to perception, colour theory, product development and design laws are treated. The produced concept is built upon a clean design in which the functions and the design are synchronized towards each other. In that way, they reinforce each other. There are also a sustainable technology and a good security. At the same time the costs are not too high. With the produced concept, there is a foundation which enables a further development for Camcoil Systems AB to be a potential entrant for the market in producing double-reels.

Este artículo de investigación busca conocer la influencia de la publicidad emocional en el sector siderúrgico, cuyo caso de estudio es el spot "Los peruanos de acero sí existen" de Aceros Arequipa; transmitido por televisión y publicado en YouTube y Facebook en marzo de 2015. Estamos interesados en esta pieza de contenido emocional ​​por ser disruptiva frente a la publicidad racional que caracteriza al sector, ya que muchos aseguran que el precio y la calidad son factores importantes que garantizan una acción de compra. Sin embargo, este caso demostraría lo contrario, pues las cifras demostrarían que, a partir de este spot, las ventas aumentaron. Para este estudio de caso, proponemos un enfoque cualitativo, pues buscamos comprender la relación entre la publicidad emocional y la acción de compra a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas dirigidas a los maestros de obra. Con esto, esperamos demostrar la compleja relación entre ambas categorías. / This research article seeks to know the influence of emotional advertising in the steel sector, whose case study is the spot “Peruvian men of steel do exist” by Aceros Arequipa; transmitted on television and published on YouTube and Facebook in March 2015. We are interested in this piece of emotional content as it is disruptive in front of rational advertising that characterizes the sector, since many assure that price and quality are important factors that guarantee a purchase action. However, this case would demonstrate the opposite, since the figures showed that, from this spot, sales increased. For this case study, we propose a qualitative approach, as we seek to understand the relationship between emotional advertising and purchasing action through semi-structured interviews directed to the construction masters. With this, we hope to demonstrate the complex relationship between both categories. / Trabajo de investigación