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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Processo para análise de seguro de crédito por empresas no Brasil

Serapicos, Edson De Paulo 14 December 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:20:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 68070200638.pdf: 1746289 bytes, checksum: f0346ef0059ceefcafb161ef506a8d08 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-14T00:00:00Z / Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever e detalhar importante ferramenta de transferência de risco de crédito já disponível no mercado securitário, e propor um processo para que a mesma possa ser avaliada por empresas no Brasil. Apesar de pouco explorado no meio acadêmico e pouco difundido no Brasil, o Seguro de Crédito é muito utilizado em países da Europa e Ásia e pode ter importância fundamental em épocas de crise e no novo cenário econômico mundial. Descreve-se como o seguro de crédito está inserido no contexto de gerenciamento ativo de risco, os tipos de seguro disponível no mercado e os complexos parâmetros de uma apólice dessa natureza, os quais são derivados da necessidade de mitigação de riscos de moral hazard e de assimetria de informações por parte da seguradora. Apresenta-se também um resumo das principais metodologias existentes para precificação de risco de crédito, apontando suas vantagens, desvantagens e adaptações necessárias para a aplicação em empresas não financeiras. Por fim, é proposto um processo para avaliação e contratação do seguro de crédito por empresas no Brasil, o qual considera diversos aspectos que envolvem a realidade das operações e os impactos previstos pelo uso do seguro. Com base na teoria e nas características das apólices de seguro de crédito interno, buscou-se também desenvolver um modelo para avaliação da precificação do prêmio e dos parâmetros da apólice, sendo que sua aplicação é exposta nos exemplos ao final do trabalho.
32

Uso de trade credit pelas empresas: evidência na América Latina

Santos, Gisler André Pereira dos 03 February 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Cristiane Oliveira (cristiane.oliveira@fgv.br) on 2011-06-13T16:51:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 66080100261.pdf: 911970 bytes, checksum: 11cba7708a5ac1251ebc46e1d9a99f04 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vera Lúcia Mourão(vera.mourao@fgv.br) on 2011-06-13T17:00:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 66080100261.pdf: 911970 bytes, checksum: 11cba7708a5ac1251ebc46e1d9a99f04 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vera Lúcia Mourão(vera.mourao@fgv.br) on 2011-06-13T17:03:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 66080100261.pdf: 911970 bytes, checksum: 11cba7708a5ac1251ebc46e1d9a99f04 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-06-13T17:52:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 66080100261.pdf: 911970 bytes, checksum: 11cba7708a5ac1251ebc46e1d9a99f04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-03 / Trade Credit (TC) é o crédito de curto prazo vinculado a venda de produtos cedido pelo fornecedor ao seu cliente sem a figura do agente financeiro. O objetivo deste estudo é testar se as empresas da América Latina (argentinas, brasileiras e mexicanas) substituem o crédito bancário pelo TC nos períodos de crise analisando por setores da economia e por tamanho de empresa. Foi utilizada uma amostra entre os anos 1994 até 2009 dos balanços de empresas listadas na bolsa de valores contendo ao todo 265 empresas com um total de 2.992 observações. Os dados em painel foram regredidos utilizando o método dos Efeitos Fixos. Evidências de que o TC é um substituto do crédito bancário foram encontradas para todas as pequenas empresas e para as pequenas empresas do setor de manufatura dos três países. Estes resultados estão em linha com a literatura internacional (Blasio, 2005). No entanto, não foram encontradas evidências do efeito de substituição para as grandes empresas mexicanas e brasileiras uma vez que estas empresas se utilizam de outras fontes de financiamento como o mercado de capitais, por exemplo. As empresas brasileiras concedem mais Trade Credit que recebem enquanto que as argentinas e mexicanas praticamente empatam em conceder e receber Trade Credit. / Trade Credit is the short term loan between companies and is related to product sales where the supplier finances its clients without a bank agent. The main objective of this study is to test if the Trade Credit is a substitute of banking credit in periods of financial crises for Latin America. Sample of Brazilian, Argentine and Mexican public listed companies were used between 1994 and 2009 (265 companies and 2.992 observations in total), adding size and industry analysis. The panel data were regressed using Fixed Efects method. Evidences that TC is a substitute of banking credit were found in all small companies and small manufacturing sectors for the three countries. Those results are in line with international literature (Blasio, 2005). However, the substitute effect was not found in large Mexican and Brazilian companies since these companies may use other funding sources such as capital market, for example. The Brazilian companies give more than receive Trade Credit while the Argentine and Mexican give and receive roughly same ratio.
33

Does trade credit facilitate access to bank finance? : empirical evidence from South Africa

Madula, Mulalo 02 1900 (has links)
The earlier theories considered trade credit as a substitute for bank credit. Recent theories suggest that bank credit and trade credit can also be considered as two complementary sources of financing. By using South African panel data from 2007 to 2015, the study examines if the problem of financial inclusion in South Africa can be mitigated by utilising trade credit data. The empirical findings using trade credit at current period are consistent with the earlier theories of trade credit that trade credit and bank credit are substitutes, but the model was not robust to estimation techniques. The study also used the lagged trade credit as a variable of interest and found that it is positively related to bank credit. This means that the trade credit data from the previous period can facilitate access to bank credit. Therefore, the information from trade credit can serve as a signal about firms’ quality and thus facilitates access to bank finance. / Economics / M. Com (Economics)
34

Redução de assimetria de informação no mercado de crédito com duplicatas

Bonelli, Matheus Fortes 05 1900 (has links)
Submitted by Matheus Fortes Bonelli (mfbonelli@gmail.com) on 2018-05-10T17:08:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_matheus_vfinal 20180504.pdf: 1822759 bytes, checksum: 919f9b54d955ad46d65a80d54a2f6d15 (MD5) / Rejected by Simone de Andrade Lopes Pires (simone.lopes@fgv.br), reason: Boa tarde Matheus, Para que possamos aprovar seu trabalho são necessários alguns ajustes conforme norma ABNT/APA. Seguir a ESTRUTURA abaixo: Capa (obrigatório) - (FUNDAÇÃO GET”U”LIO VARGAS NÃO TEM ACENTO) Contracapa (obrigatório) – Correto. Ficha catalográfica (obrigatório) - Correto. Folha de aprovação (obrigatório) - Correto - DEDICATÓRIA - AGRADECIMENTOS (A PALAVRA AGRADECIMENTO DEVE SER MAIUSCULO/NEGRITO E CENTRALIZADO) - RESUMO (A PALAVRA RESUMO DEVE SER MAIUSCULO/NEGRITO E CENTRALIZADO): espaçamento simples (150 a 500 palavras), com palavras-chave (obrigatório). - ABSTRACT (A PALAVRA ABSTRACT DEVE SER MAIUSCULO/NEGRITO E CENTRALIZADO) em língua estrangeira. A numeração só pode aparecer a partir da introdução, antes não pode. Após os ajustes você deve submete-lo novamente para analise e aprovação. Qualquer dúvida estamos à disposição, Atenciosamente, Simone de Andrade Lopes Pires SRA on 2018-05-10T20:42:58Z (GMT) / Submitted by Matheus Fortes Bonelli (mfbonelli@gmail.com) on 2018-05-10T21:14:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_matheus_vfinal 20180504.pdf: 1822759 bytes, checksum: 919f9b54d955ad46d65a80d54a2f6d15 (MD5) dissertacao_matheus_vfinal 20180510.pdf: 1822289 bytes, checksum: df5576ca3d2e314dff5d002b339c29cf (MD5) / Rejected by Simone de Andrade Lopes Pires (simone.lopes@fgv.br), reason: Boa Noite Matheus, Segue algumas alterações que ainda são necessárias para aprovação do trabalho: 1º - Pagina do resumo não vai título do trabalho, vai somente a palavra RESUMO em letra maiúscula no centro. Excluir o tema do TA 2º - Pagina do ABSTRACT não vai título do trabalho, vai somente a palavra ABSTRACT em letra maiúscula no centro. Excluir o tema do TA. Se ficar na dúvida há um modelo na pagina 17 e 18 das normas ABNT enviada por e-mail. 3º - Pagina de agradecimentos vem antes do RESUMO. Acredito que com estas alterações, o trabalho será aprovado. Atenciosamente, Simone de Andrade Lopes Pires Secretaria de Registros Acadêmicos on 2018-05-10T23:32:02Z (GMT) / Submitted by Matheus Fortes Bonelli (mfbonelli@gmail.com) on 2018-05-11T13:08:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_matheus_vfinal 20180511.pdf: 1821920 bytes, checksum: 749b23e245f55beec786ee2a7e5180e3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Simone de Andrade Lopes Pires (simone.lopes@fgv.br) on 2018-05-11T17:23:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_matheus_vfinal 20180511.pdf: 1821920 bytes, checksum: 749b23e245f55beec786ee2a7e5180e3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-05-11T17:57:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_matheus_vfinal 20180511.pdf: 1821920 bytes, checksum: 749b23e245f55beec786ee2a7e5180e3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-11T17:57:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_matheus_vfinal 20180511.pdf: 1821920 bytes, checksum: 749b23e245f55beec786ee2a7e5180e3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05 / Esse estudo aborda a assimetria de informação presente no mercado de crédito com duplicatas no Brasil. Foi analisado um conjunto de dados obtidos de uma empresa que desenvolveu uma ferramenta que permite a consulta de informações sobre o documento fiscal das transações comerciais junto às Secretarias de Fazenda estaduais, a formalização da documentação da operação de crédito, e o controle de unicidade dos títulos de crédito. Com o resultado, o estudo propõe indicadores que podem ser integrados aos processos de concessão de crédito dos agentes financeiros, como forma de melhorar a qualidade de suas carteiras de crédito, reduzir a necessidade de garantias adicionais, aumentar o volume de crédito disponível e permitir redução do spread das operações com estes títulos. Foram analisadas 129.381 notas fiscais eletrônicas de 3.459 empresas, que realizaram operações com 240 agentes financeiros, que resultaram em 171.249 duplicatas somando um valor de R$ 633 milhões. A consulta das notas fiscais eletrônicas retornou 12 diferentes tipos de eventos que informam qualquer ato relacionado por um agente envolvido na transação comercial, que foram combinados com os dados de valor, data de emissão, data de envio para desconto, prazo de pagamento e efetivação da operação de crédito. Os resultados sugerem que é possível utilizar as datas de emissão e envio, valor e prazo de pagamento como variáveis que explicam alguns eventos de cancelamento de Nota Fiscal, permitindo indicar maior ou menor segurança para o documento fiscal que serve de lastro para a duplicata. A análise também mostrou que o retorno do evento de cancelamento reduz em 29% as chances da efetivação de operação de crédito, enquanto o retorno dos eventos de ciência ou confirmação aumentam essas chances em 4%. O estudo contribui por trazer uma perspectiva de redução da seleção adversa, resultando em melhora do ambiente de crédito, principalmente para pequenas e médias empresas, tradicionalmente alijadas do processo de concessão de crédito dos agentes financeiros, em um cenário onde há recente mudança de legislação sobre o tema. / This study addresses the information asymmetry present in Brazilian trade receivable’s credit market, analyzing a set of data obtained from a company that developed a tool that allows checking the information of the commercial transactions’ invoice on the Departament of Taxation and Finance’s (Secretaria da Fazenda) database, the credit document’s formalization and receivable’s uniqueness control. With the result, the study proposes indicators that can be integrated to the processes financial agents’ credit granting, as a way to improve the quality of their loan portfolios, reduce the need for additional guarantees, increase the credit volume available and allow spread reduction. A total of 129,381 electronic invoices were analyzed from 3,459 companies, which carried out operations with 240 financial agents, resulting in 171,249 trade receivables and totaling R$ 633 million. By checking electronic invoices, I obtain 12 different types of events that inform any related act by an agent involved in the commercial transaction, which were combined with the data of value, date of issue, date of discount, payment term and effectiveness of the transaction. The results suggest that it is possible to use the dates of issuance and discount of invoices, value and payment deadline as variables that explain the cancellation of the invoice, which may indicate greater or smaller security to the invoice that serves as collateral for a trade receivable. The analysis also showed that the return of the cancellation event reduces 29% the chances of a credit operation, while the return of science or confirmation events increases those chances by 4%. The study contributes to the reduction of adverse selection, resulting in an improvement in the credit environment, especially for small and medium-sized companies, traditionally left out of the process of granting credit, in a scenario where there is a recent legal change on this subject.
35

The effects of financing constraints on firms' use of trade credit and other alternative financing sources / Les effets des contraintes de financement sur l'utilisation du crédit commercial et d'autres sources de financement alternatives par les entreprises

Bui, Thi Thanh Xuan 08 December 2015 (has links)
Cette thèse se compose de quatre essais portant sur les effets des contraintes de financement sur l'utilisation du crédit commercial (TC) et d'autres sources alternatives de financement des entreprises. Dans le premier essai, nous étudions les effets des contraintes sur l'emprunt bancaire (BL) sur l'utilisation du TC par les entreprises vietnamiennes. Nous étudions plus particulièrement l’effet de la taille sur le choix entre les deux types de financement. Nous constatons que les grandes entreprises lorsqu’elles sont rationnées sur les BL comptent plus sur le TC que les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME). En particulier, nous constatons que les grandes entreprises dont la demande de crédit a été refusée utilisent plus de TC tandis que les PME dans la même situation en utilisent moins. Dans le deuxième essai, nous étudions les effets des contraintes sur les BL sur l’utilisation du TC en fonction de la taille et de l'âge des entreprises ainsi que du développement institutionnel des différents pays. Nos résultats suggèrent que le TC et le BL ont tendance à être des substituts pour les entreprises les plus grandes, les plus âgés et lesquelles situées dans les pays développés (développement institutionnel plus fort). En revanche, le TC et le BL sont complémentaires pour les entreprises les plus jeunes, les plus petites et lesquelles situées dans les pays en développement (développement institutionnel faible). Ce résultat est particulièrement net dans le cas où la demande de crédit est refusée. Dans notre troisième essai, nous étudions les effets des contraintes sur les BL sur l'utilisation de six sources alternatives de financement par les PME dans le monde entier. Les formes de financement étudiées sont: le TC, le crédit-bail, les cartes de crédit, la finance informelle, les fonds provenant de la famille et des amis et les capitaux propres. Nos résultats suggèrent généralement que les PME rationnées par les banques ont tendance à compter davantage sur les fonds de la famille et des amis et sur les prêts des usuriers. Nous trouvons aussi qu'elles utilisent les modes de financement alternatifs plutôt pour financer le fonds de roulement que pour financer de nouveaux investissements. Dans le dernier essai, à partir d’un échantillon d'entreprises non financières du S&P 500, nous examinons l'interaction entre l'utilisation du papier commercial (CP), des lignes de crédit bancaire (CL) et du TC sur la période 2003 à 2014. Nos résultats suggèrent que les entreprises avec le risque de refinancement le plus élevé empruntent plus sous la forme de CL et de TC que sous la forme de CP. Cet effet est plus fort pour les CL. Nous constatons également que plus le niveau d'asymétrie d’information est fort, plus les entreprises utilisent les CL et le TC par rapport à CP. En revanche, plus les problèmes d'aléa moral sont graves, plus les entreprises favorisent les CP par rapport aux CL et TC. / This thesis consists of four essays investigating the effects of financing constraints on firms' use of trade credit (TC) and other alternative financing sources. In the first essay, we investigate the effects of bank loan (BL) constraints on the use of TC by Vietnamese firms across size. We find that bank-constrained large firms rely on TC more than bank-constrained Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). Particularly, we find that denied large firms use more TC whereas denied SMEs use less of it. In the second essay, we study the effects of BL constraints on firm's use of TC across size, age and institutional development by using an international sample. Our results suggest that TC and BL tend to be substitutes for larger, older firms and those in developed countries with stronger institutional development; and complements for smaller, younger firms and those in developing countries with weaker institutional development, especially when constraints relate to credit denial. In our third essay, we investigate the effects of BL constraints on the use of six alternative financing sources by SMEs worldwide, i.e. TC, leasing, credit cards, informal finance, sources from family and friends and equity. Our results generally suggest that bank-constrained SMEs tend to rely more on sources from family and friends and those from money lenders. We also find that they use alternative financing to finance working capital requirement to a greater extent as compared to new investments. In the last essay, by using a sample of nonfinancial S&P 500 firms, we examine the interplay between the use of commercial paper (CP), bank credit lines (CL) and TC for the period 2003-2014. Our results suggest that firms with higher rollover risk borrow more from CL and TC relative to CP with a stronger effect for CL. We also find that higher level of asymmetric information is associated with more usage of CL and TC relative to CP while more severe moral hazard problems are associated with more usage of CP relative to CL and TC.
36

Formal and Informal Finance in China's Ethnic Minority Areas / 中国少数民族地域のフォーマル金融とインフォーマル金融

Sun, Junfang 24 September 2014 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(経済学) / 甲第18536号 / 経博第498号 / 新制||経||270(附属図書館) / 31436 / 京都大学大学院経済学研究科経済学専攻 / (主査)准教授 矢野 剛, 教授 塩地 洋, 准教授 三重野 文晴 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Economics / Kyoto University / DGAM
37

The Law BusinessmanTM : Five Essays on Legal Self-efficacy and Business Risk

Jörgensen, Fredrik January 2013 (has links)
The thesis challenges the notion of effectiveness of law as being based on the formal institutions of courts, law enforcement and written law. It argues that the best way to measure the effectiveness of law is the legal self-efficacy of laymen who are the end users of law.  It presents a new perspective on the effectiveness of law. It turns the traditional perspective of studying the effects of legal institutions around and instead studies the effect of how individuals perceive their own ability to use law. This self-reflexive ability - legal self-efficacy -  is the answer to the question “How comfortable are with communicating with legal terminology?”. The thesis makes several comparisons using the traditional perspective and legal self-efficacy and finds that legal self-efficacy is a better measure of legal effectiveness. This thesis analyzes 246 businesspeople in Russia and their risk behavior  with regards to economic transactions in relation to legal self-efficacy.  The theory behind legal self-efficacy is a combination of Luhmann’s theory of law as communication and Bandura’s concept of self-efficacy.  The first paper applies the traditional approach. It analyzes the effect of legal efficiency on leverage and debt maturity for listed and non-listed companies. The second paper is describes the conceptual foundation of the legal effectiveness based on the individual. The third paper compares the effect of private order (including legal self-efficacy) and public order institutions on the granting of trade credit.  The fourth paper analyzes the impact of legal self-efficacy and formal legal institutions on sanctions against clients in a comparative perspective. The final paper seeks out possible sources of legal self-efficacy. Legal self-efficacy can be used to better understand the interaction of individuals and law including such fields of research as behavioral accounting, behavioral law and finance, legal sociology and legal studies.

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