網頁資料發掘為從全球資訊網所發現或分析而得的有用資訊。若能在訪客所留下的紀錄中，分析出這些資訊，對於經營者而言是一個重要的決策依據。入口網站幾乎僅以廣告為主要收入，如何借重網頁資料發掘技術來了解網路使用者的行為，作為加強網站內容設計與經營方向的參考，當為目前經營者所關心的重要課題。本研究將導入知識的觀點，利用商業智慧中的資料發掘技術，實際分析網站的紀錄資料，研究網頁資料發掘技術對於網站經營者的幫助，進而為企業組織帶來競爭優勢。 網站的日誌檔看似平凡無奇，然而如何從中獲取企業的求勝關鍵，相信是所有希望仰賴資訊科技的網站經營者所關切的。本研究歸納整理網站營運相關的流量指標分析、資源使用分析，與使用者活動分析，並經由實際分析網站經營者一個月內的日誌資料，歸納出流量之變化週期、流量指標之替代性、不同類別的熱門程度、網頁與停留時間的關係、分類索引服務使用者之特性等發現，進而提出對網站經營者的建議，提供企業及後續學術研究的參考。

海關一向在我國整體經貿發展中扮演重要的角色，近年來，為因應快遞業務、國際物流中心的崛起等國際貿易型態的轉變，正逐步引進新的經營理念，推動業者自主管理，並於貨物通關流程中引進風險管理理念；自1995年全面實施海空運貨物通關自動化以來，通關流程中各作業點均已納入自動化範疇，但因現行資訊系統只適合在系統規範的模式下提供資訊，難以依據不同的決策需求靈活、隨意組合查詢條件，迅速產生所需資訊，亦無法提供多樣性的趨勢資訊供決策階層運用。 商業智慧系統的出現，就是利用企業在日常經營過程中搜集的大量資料，將它們轉化為資訊和知識，提供決策階層使用；本研究針對海關決策分析資訊需求進行商業智慧應用設計，並探討前述科技對提升資訊作業與展示效益的可能改善，以及分析性資料的方便取得對管理面及決策的支援程度。 經由本研究獲得以下結論：應用商業智慧，資訊系統可依據需求適時提供正確資訊，提升資訊作業之效益；應用於電子通關作業，因多維度分析資料的方便取得，能迅速掌握決定通關方式的相關因素，可提升通關作業效益，此外，亦能藉由相關分析資訊的輔助，提升海關行政管理效能。 / Customs service has been playing an important role in the country’s trade development. In the past years, to respond to the emerging of the express business and global logistics, the Customs is introducing new concept into its operation including promoting autonomous management and adopting the principle of risk management in deciding how goods are cleared through Customs. Although the automated cargo clearance system, which was implemented in 1995, has covered all the cargo clearance procedures, it can only provide information in a predefined specification. Being a transaction system, it can hardly meet the decision-making requirements which often contain flexible query conditions, not to mention providing a wide variety of trend information to the top executives. Business Intelligence System can integrate data gathering from daily business operation and transform them into information and knowledge for decision making. By designing a Business Intelligence application according to Customs decision analysis requirements, this study explore how Customs can benefit from this technology in information management and information presentation as well as the effect of easy access to analytical information on Customs administration and decision making. The study reaches the conclusion that, by adopting Business Intelligence, information system can easily deliver the right thing to the right person at the right time. Customs clearance efficiency can be enhanced as well because Business Intelligence facilitate multi-dimensional analysis on factors related to ways of clearance. In addition, with the help of analytical information, Customs can also raise its efficiency in administration.

商業智慧(Business Intelligence; BI)可以協助企業進行資料分析與決策支援，將相關的資料整合，轉化成對企業有用的知識，對內可以提升管理績效，對外可以創造競爭優勢。這樣的概念，已經被大企業導入並普及化，但對小型企業而言，仍然是可望而不可及。網際網路的興起，帶動了電子商務的崛起，電子商務商家不論大小，面對的是全球化的挑戰，而大部分的小型商家，因為資源的不足的情況下，只能依照自行編製的報表來進行分析與決策，不易獲得即時和整合的管理決策支援資訊。本研究以商業智慧的概念，結合平衡計分卡模型，建構電子商務觀測站，透過Web的介面，可以即時查詢。本研究所建立的平台可用來提供電子商務經營管理諮詢服務，吸引小型電子商務業者加入，進行資料整合與決策分析，了解本身體質，並透過定期收集外部資料，提供平台使用者了解產業環境與與市場趨勢，幫助小型電子商店擬定營運策略與目標，提升全球競爭力。 / Business Intelligence(BI) helps enterprises to integrate heterogeneous data to conduct various analyses. The useful knowledge can help managers to improve internal performances and external competitive advantages. The concept of business intelligence has been well accepted in large enterprises, but not yet popular in the booming small E-Commerce(EC) businesses. Due to the resource shortage, most small EC stores manage the company and make business decision based on the scattered ad-hoc reports. Facing the globalized competition, a common platform providing the data integration and analysis services should be desirable. This research aims to construct such an EC observation stand, using the concepts of business intelligence and balanced scorecard, to help the small EC managers formulating their strategic objectives and the inherited key performance indicators. The observation stand also collects the industry information from other sources and provides the integrated data analyses based on the heterogeneous data sources. The continuous observation services from the website should be able to help the platform users to understand more on the industry environment and market trend and make better decisions for instant responses.

在有限的資源之下，各區域地方政府相當渴望跳脫僵化與官僚的決策模式，尋求創新有效率的治理機制，另一方面開放政府資料已為國際化的趨勢，台灣於開放資料領域耕耘成果亦相當豐碩。本研究希望建置商業智慧平台，將開放資料轉換為無形的「智慧資本」，持續驅動創新有效率的「治理機制」，進而改善在地人民的生活品質。 本論文研究實作一網頁為基礎的商業智慧分析平台，工具包括資料包絡分析法、競爭者分析，透過探索式資料分析，使用者彈性操作指標與決策參數，反覆進行資料探索分析，進而了解（一）地方之競爭縣市與區域特色（二）各縣市相對治理績效（三）單一縣市之優勢產業。並藉由宜蘭縣的文創、觀光、環境此三個產業面向的資料為例說明。 本論文聚焦於使用前端框架技術—AngularJS之系統實作，藉由資料視覺化設計、提升使用者經驗，建置高擴充性的資料探勘分析的平台，更可滿足使用者一次購足的統計資料查詢環境。 / Facing the challenges of limited resources and budget constraints, regional governments have been actively pursuing strategies to transform conventional bureaucratic decision-making model into innovative and efficient governance mechanism. At the same time, “open government data” is becoming a political commitment for many countries and Taiwanese government has made significant advances in this respect recently. To leverage the trend for open public data, this thesis aims to develop a web-based business intelligence system to support efficient governance through in-depth analysis of intellectual capital. The tools provided in this system include data envelopment analysis (DEA), competitor identification, and exploratory data analysis. The system is designed to allow average users to experiment with different parameter settings and view the results interactively. Insights on competing counties and regional characteristics, relative governance efficiency and leading industry can be gained with ease. We illustrate the functionalities of the system using data from Yi-Lan County and investigate its competitiveness in three areas, namely, culture and creative industry, tourism, and environmental industry. AngularJS, a front-end framework, is utilized to implement the proposed business intelligence system. The objective is to provide a one stop shopping service for interactive data analysis and visualization with user friendly design and good extensibility.

平衡計分卡( Balanced Scorecard, BSC)是一項可以協助描述、並推動組織策略付諸實行的利器，關於描述組織之價值創造的四個構面模式，可以當成高階管理團隊彼此間討論企業發展方向與策略議題優先性的共同語言。至於有關策略性衡量指標，除了是四大構面的績效指標之外，也應被視為BSC內四個構面具有因果關係連結的目標、項目；Robert S. Kaplan和David P. Norton共同創造出一個關於此連結的通用表達方式，用來協助高階主管進行討論，並稱之為策略地圖。他們同時也證明了BSC所寄託的一個基本原則，那就是「如果您能夠衡量，就可以管理」 從實務經驗中大多數人都會認為管理資訊系統不僅協助企業管理工作，也是產出各種衡量數據的利器，因此本研」究希望透過分析已導入過BSC之個案公司，探討該公司由策略地圖所引導出來的各項策略性衡量指標的資訊需求，是否能夠在其管理資訊系統中獲得滿足？管理資訊系統的建置是否應該優先支援公司策略性目標？實際上探訪各行業導入BSC之狀況，發現普遍存在著「數據落差」。 本研究旨在建構一套能夠彌補「數據落差的資訊需求規劃模式，利用商業智慧(BI)工具擷取ERP、CRM、SCM、Workflow、KM、e-Learning等管理資訊系統之有效數據，進行資訊加工後，提供給BSC資訊系統，在數位儀表板上顯示，以協助隨時管控策略性衡量指標之達成狀況。本研究也將BSC導入程序及資訊系統整合作業加以制式化，整理成BSC導入專案進度表，供其它有意導入BSC之企業參考，本論文最後延伸說明BSC在協助組織變革管理、協助智慧資本之衡量、及審視資訊資本齊備程度等方面，都很有助益。 / Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is a powerful tool for describing and implementing an organization’s strategy. The four-perspective model of describing a value-creating organization can be regards as a language for executive teams to discuss the direction and priority of their strategic agenda. In terms of strategy measures, they do not only represent as the key performance indicators (KPIs) of four independent perspectives, but also regard as the cause-effect linkage of goals and items among the four perspectives of BSC. Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton created the expression model of the cause-effect linkage to assist the discussion process of executive teams. It is so called a strategy map. They both also demonstrated a fundamental principle underling the BSC; i.e. “If you can measure, you can manage it.” From an empirical perspective, people believe that management information systems (MISs) can help the efficiency and effectiveness of business administration as well as be the powerful tool of generating data for various performance measures. Therefore, by analyzing a case of a BSC roll-out enterprise, this research would like to address whether the data requirements of strategic measures generating from strategy maps are fulfilled by the data output from the MISs or not. Is it a necessity to support the strategic goals of an enterprise first in case of building MISs for an enterprise? After studying the status of roll-out BSC enterprises in different industries, it shows that there is a “KPI-data accuracy” issue between actual KPIs needed and the data resources from. The purpose of this research is to build a data requirement planning model to find out the “accurate data” by using a business intelligence (BI) tool to access the effective information from ERP, CRM, SCM, Workflow, KM, e-Learning; etc., and then to manipulate those data in order to output the BSC indicators for executive teams for monitoring the status achieved of BSC from the dashboard anytime. Moreover, the study also standardizes the BSC roll-out processes and the integration processes of MISs by summarizing into time tables of project management which can be regarded as a reference kit for enterprises intending to implement BSC in the future. Finally, the study also demonstrates the benefits of BSC in assisting change management of an organization, in evaluating the intellectual capital, and in measuring information capital readiness of an enterprise, etc.

在我國正式加入WTO後，汽車產業面臨嚴重競爭，且相較於其他國家，台灣的汽車市場趨近於飽和現象，在供過於求情況下，製造與裝配過程附加價值低，附加價值存在於隨品牌所提供的產品服務。藉由商業智慧系統之建立，透過資料採礦、預測的功能，將不同消費習慣的客戶進行分類，達到準確的目標行銷。 　　本研究採用「決策樹C5.0」、「CART迴歸樹」與「羅吉斯迴歸」等方法建立模型於新車滿意度資料庫、車主購買滿意度資料庫及車主維修滿意度資料庫之資料。從三大資料庫中找出既有顧客群裡，較有可能會再次購買同品牌汽車的顧客特性，進一步整合行銷策略，提升顧客再次購買的機會。根據不同資料庫，本研究目的如下： 一、 分析於新車滿意度資料庫之資料，此資料包含2005年購買新車之車主資料，主要是建立客戶類型區隔模型及再購模型。 二、 分析於車主購買滿意度資料庫之資料，分別建立顧客是否會再次購買以及是否會向親朋好友推薦該品牌之模型。 三、 分析於車主維修滿意度資料庫之資料，分別建立顧客是否會再次購買、是否會推薦親朋好友以及是否會再次回廠維修之模型。

全球每日產出的資料量持續成長，龐大的資料量、雜亂的資料檔案格式造成資料處理的困難；此外，全球智慧型手機的出貨量持續上升，未來將會至少人手一台行動裝置，同時行動網路的效能提升將可負荷更多的資料流量，行動工作者的數量也因此逐年增加。對商業智慧系統而言，透過企業資料的分析可以發現資訊之間的關連與隱藏其中的事實，讓使用者掌握更多的知識用於決策，分析的資料來源越豐富，其可提供做為決策用的訊息就更為準確。 　　過往商業智慧透過關聯式資料庫處理資料來源及電子郵件的通知使用者，但是龐大的巨量資料遠超過前者所能有效處理的數量，進而造成對資料擷取、保存、使用、分享以及分析時的處理難度；後者對於外出的使用者來說，電子郵件僅只是收到通知而已，使用者依然得需要電腦才能觀看分析報表。 　　故本研究使用雲端運算分散儲存及運算的技術及行動裝置隨手可得的特性解決前述的兩個問題，先透過雲端資料庫加速處理巨量資料的存取並製作成資料倉儲供商業智慧使用，接著透過行動應用程式即時接收推播訊息並呈現分析報表於行動裝置上。 　　在實作中，利用非結構化資料庫進行資料的存取，比起過往的關聯式資料庫確實可以有效提升巨量資料處理的速度；透過行動裝置的報表呈現，在平板電腦有較佳的成效，在手機上則是因為螢幕大小的關係，畫面呈現效果較差，這方面則有待改善。 　　本研究透過非結構化資料庫及行動應用程式設計新的行動商業智慧解決方案，實作雛型系統，並且透過異常申報健保費用醫院為案例，進行系統整體的測試，證明其架構及運作模式之可行性。經過驗證，本系統將能提供使用者使用巨量資料做為分析數據，並且透過行動應用程式立即取得分析報表。 / The volume of daily output data continues to grow world- widely. The huge amount of data and the disorder of data format cause the difficulty of data processing. Additionally, the number of smartphone sales is continuously growing, so everyone will own at least one smartphone in the future. In the meantime, the effectiveness of mobile internet and wireless is largely improved, so it can be loaded with more data flow. Because of this phenomenon, the number of mobile workers will be increasing per year. For business intelligence systems, through the analysis of enterprise's data we can find the relevance and facts hidden in information, allowing users to acquire more knowledge for decision-making. The more data sources we analyze, the more accurate information can be used to make decision. 　　In the past, business intelligence processes data sources through relational database and uses e-mail to notify users. However, the huge amount of data exceeds the number that can be effectively processed by relational database. On account of this, it becomes difficult regarding data acquisition, storage, application, sharing, and analysis. As far as the users are concerned, they only receive notifications by emails, so they still need a computer to view the analysis report. 　　In this study, I use cloud computing technology and mobile devices to solve the two aforementioned issues. First, we speed up the process of big data in data acquisition through Hadoop Hbase, and made it into data warehouse for Business Intelligence use. Secondly, we use mobile applications to receive push messages instantly and present analysis reports. 　　In the practical work, I use NoSQL database to acquire and store data. Compared with relational database, we can indeed effectively enhance the speed of big data processing. In reports’ presentation on mobile devices, the Tablet has better user experience then the phone. The phone is displayed comparatively poorly because of its small screen. This part needs to be improved. 　　In this research, I conceive a new solution of mobile business intelligence through NoSQL database and mobile applications, and implement this method into a prototype system. Moreover, through an example of the analysis of hospitals which have anomalous health-insurance reporting expenses we can test the whole system. It proves that this system’s structure and the mode of operation are feasible. The system will be able to provide big data as the source of analysis and present reports immediately through mobile devices to users.

近幾年在金融風暴及全球競爭等影響下，企業紛紛導入商業智慧平台，提供管理階層可簡易且快速的分析各種可量化管理的關鍵指標。但在後續的推廣上，經常會因商業智慧系統提供的資訊過於豐富，造成使用者在學習階段無法有效的取得所需資訊，導致商業智慧無法發揮預期效果。本論文以使用者在商業智慧平台上的操作相似度進行分析，建立相對於實體部門的凝聚子群，且用中心性計算各節點的關聯加權，整合至所設計的推薦機制，用以提升商業智慧平台成功導入的機率。經模擬實驗的證實，在推薦機制中考慮此因素會較原始的推薦機制擁有更高的精確度。 / In recent years, enterprises are facing financial turmoil, global competition, and shortened business cycle. Under these influences, enterprises usually implement the Business Intelligence platform to help managers get the key indicators of business management quickly and easily. In the promotion stage of such Business Intelligence platforms, users usually give up using the system due to huge amount of information provided by the BI platform. They cannot intuitively obtain the required information in the early stage when they use the system. In this study, we analyze the similarity of users’ operations on the BI platform and try to establish cohesive subgroups in the corresponding organization. In addition, we also integrate the associated weighting factor calculated from the centrality measures into the recommendation mechanism to increase the probability of successful uses of BI platform. From our simulation experiments, we find that the recommendation accuracies are higher when we add the clustering result and the associated weighting factor into the recommendation mechanism.

KPI(Key Performance Index)是一個落後指標，需要一套更及時的領先指標，以動態和系統化的角度，及時展現每一位員工的執行績效和顧客滿意度指標，以數位化看板的概念報導員工對公司的貢獻度和顧客對服務的接受度，因為預先管控和報導，可以確保KPI 的達成，在服務品質的改善和顧客滿意度提升，有很大的助益。. 本研究希望發展出一套具體的線上及時管控指標，讓系統整合公司可以提升顧客信賴和持續服務品質改善，而將重點發展方向轉移到提供更好的內容、產品、服務、系統的品質，以及合理的價格。 因此採用平衡計分卡的四大構面為面向，ITIL服務生命週期之IT服務管理為主軸，參考PZB三位教授之服務品質概念性模式和SERVQUAL量表衡量構面及項目，配合系統整合公司的運作，歸納出一個服務品質改善架構流程圖，並以其為基礎發展一套服務品質改善的及時管控指標；運用商業智慧、數位儀表版等工具設計以支援主管決策管控和員工績效的報導系統。

商業智慧是近年來企業邁向成功重要的工具，在競爭劇烈的市場上採用商業智慧來作業其管理效果卓越。 企業除了提高產能、準時交貨率、服務品質、客戶滿意度等競爭優勢等；另外降低不良率、減少應收帳款周轉天數、減低庫存周轉率、重工率、報廢率、退貨率、客戶抱怨、成本….等。 本文就是利用商業智慧 (Business Intelligence)的企業管理儀表板 (EMD – Enterprise Management Dashboard)的一個成功的案例，例如：單一畫面全方位管理、多維度互動式 (Multi-Dimensional)、相關性快速分析、交叉分析 (Slice & Dice)、穿透鑽取 (Drill-Through)、上捲下鑽 (Drill-Down & Drill-Up)及線上分析 (OLAP – On Line Analytical Processing)引擎，提供各級主管即時的資訊作為管理工具，即時自動轉為視覺化資訊 (Visualizer Web) – 協助企業快速透視整體營運狀況，進而採取最佳行動方案快速超過對手，創造出良好的營運績效為企業帶來可觀的收益與利潤。