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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

中國流通業的開放與韓國廠商的對策:以內銷流通領域為中心

趙顯埈, Cho, Hyun-jun Unknown Date (has links)
本研究的目的是探明中國流通業開放帶來的以上重大變化和影響的實質,並揭示韓商利用開放時機應採取的策略。作為韓國人本人認爲,韓國對中國經濟的研究中,對流通領域的研究相對薄弱,因此本課題研究更具必要性。特別是正處於體制轉型期的中國流通業的系統、結構、制度及環境,與韓國相比有許多的不同點,因此需要進行深層次的研究。 中國以2001年12月11日加入WTO爲契機,正在進行全方位的擴大開放,將於2006年實現流通業的全面性的開放。近來韓國企業對中投資形態,從出口導向型的當地生産爲主逐步向注重當地銷售型轉變;這種趨勢下,也要求深入研究中國的流通業。 本研究的範圍爲工業消費品的零售流通業,著眼點圍繞外國投資的製造業企業的當地銷售流通途徑問題展開邏輯。其理由是韓國企業對中投資企業大部分是製造業企業,專門從事流通的企業是極少數,因此製造企業的投資企業對流通問題的研究需要大。同時,本研究從外國企業進入中國流通市場角度,著眼點放在「流通渠道」的研究。 本研究的研究方法,首先,充分參考國內外的文獻資料,尤其是中國的中文資料,如報紙、有關流通的專業雜誌、其他調查研究報告等。同時注重臺灣的中文資料,其理由一是臺灣對中國研究有多年的積累;二是臺灣對中國投資多爲勞動力密集型中小製造業企業,與韓國有可比性;三是在電子、IT、服裝、食品等領域,臺灣與韓國有競爭與互補性。 其次,進行了案例調查和當地調查。關於部分臺灣企業進入中國內銷流通市場的案例和現狀,通過文獻資料分析和歸納。韓國企業的案例和現狀,同時進行文獻調查和當地調查。當地調查的時間是2002年11月。 本研究的理論基礎是流通産業論、流通管理論、市場行銷理論等。在研究進入中國內銷流通市場的案例和方案時,採用了所謂「4P」(産品、價格、流通渠道、促銷)分析框架。 與韓國國內外既有的研究成果相比,本研究的關注重點不在於現狀介紹,乃在於動態變化分析;著重揭示中國式的結構和特徵;對市場進入案例做了理論性的歸納整理;與進入中國的韓國企業有關人士進行了深入採訪;進行了不同行業的案例比較。同時,力圖利用了中文資料和第一手資料。 本研究基於流通管理理論和市場行銷分析框架,深入分析了外國企業進入中國的案例,提出韓國企業進入中國市場的戰略。同時考慮到韓國中小企業的資訊收集分析能力薄弱的狀況,重點整理提出了中小企業的進入戰略及韓國政府支援中小企業政策的若干要點。此外,本研究注意到中國成爲世界性生産基地的同時成爲流通基地的可能性,提出了韓國政府對中經濟合作方向、「東北亞商務中心」設想等方面的政策建議。 / The Liberalization of the Distribution Industry in China and Korea's Strategy Hyun-jun Cho This study aims to examine changes and effects related to the liberalization of China's distribution industry and to suggest some strategies to take advantage of the opportunities accruing from the liberalization. Several recent important trends related to the liberalization of China's distribution industry are as follows: The general process of liberalization of its distribution industry was initiated by China's accession to the WTO. With its comparative advantages of a vast market and lower production costs, China is becoming a global distribution and production base. With the opening of the distribution industry, accessing China's domestic market is increasingly becoming the main objective of foreign investment to China. Since China's distribution industry has been highly protected in the past, its liberalization is generating substantial changes. As distribution functions as a linkage between production and consumption in economic circulation, its liberalization is producing multi-faceted effects. In terms of foreign economic exchange, the liberalization offers foreign enterprises significant opportunities to expand trade and investment into China; foreign-invested manufacturing firms in China are particularly undergoing crucial changes related to value chain management of production, procurement, marketing, logistics, after-sales services, etc. From the perspective of the bandwagon effect of globalization and regional integration, the liberalization of China's distribution industry affects the global commodity chain and global allocation of economic resources, while facilitating intra-regional economic exchange in East Asia. Compared to previous studies, this paper places more importance on dynamic structural changes and Chinese characteristics than on the status quo of the Chinese distribution industry. Accession to the WTO is especially noted and analyzed as a critical factor, in that the degree of liberalization and prospects for China's distribution industry are estimated according to China's protocol of accession to the WTO. Meanwhile, a vast rapidly growing domestic market, transitional economic system, immense territory and regional differences are characteristics specific to the Chinese situation that affect the development pattern and direction of its distribution industry. With regards to the case study on distribution businesses managed by foreign-invested enterprises in China, this paper takes both a theoretical and practical approach, employing theories of distribution management and marketing to analyze relevant literature and interview results. Through such analyses, some useful strategies and devices are offered for Korean companies hoping to enter China's domestic market. Those strategies are divided into ones for coping with the characteristics of the Chinese distribution industry and ones for the so-called '4 Ps' of marketing -- products, prices, place, and promotions. Lastly, this paper takes note of China's emergence as a global production and distribution base. The liberalization of China's distribution industry may pose some serious dangers, the so-called 'China shocks,' as well as present vast market opportunities. In this regard, the paper makes some policy recommendations for the Korean government to help its enterprises (particularly small and medium-sized businesses) enter the Chinese market to direct economic cooperation with China and to implement the vision of 'becoming the business hub of Northeast Asia.'
2

我國會計人員在外商投資企業與本國企業工作滿足之比較研究

陳祥澄, CHEN, XIANG-CHENG Unknown Date (has links)
第一章 緒論 第一節 研究動機與研究目的 第二節 研究問題、研究對象與研究限制 第三節 研究架構 第二章 工作滿足之文獻探討 第一節 工作滿足研究之起由、發展及意義 第二節 工作滿足之理論基礎 第三節 工作滿足之衡量工具 第四節 工作滿足之相關因素 第三章 研究方法 第一節 樣本抽取及施測過程 第二節 測量工具 第三節 分析方法 第四章 結果與討論 第一節 會計人員在外資企業和本國企業工作滿足程度以及兩者之比較 第二節 會計人員在外資企業和本國企業成就動機之高低以及兩者之比較 第三節 會計人員在外資企業和本國企業離職意願程度,以及兩者之比較 第四節 外資企業與本國企業會計人員之成就動機與工作滿足之分析以及兩者之比較 第五節 外資企業與本國企業會計人員之離職意願與工作滿足之分析以及兩者之比較 第六節 個人屬性特徵與成就動機對離職意願與工作滿足之影響,以及兩者之比較 第五章 結論與建議 第一節 結論 第二節 對有志於從事會計工作者之建議 第三節 對後續研究者之建議
3

大陸臺商企業員工招募與任用制度之研究 / Taiwan enterprise worker enlist and employ study in China.

李玉芬, Li, Yu Fen Unknown Date (has links)
自1979年以來,中共實施對外開放政策,積極吸收國外資金,希望藉此改善國內資金不足的問題;再加上大陸地區勞動力充沛,勞動成本低廉等誘因,中國大陸便成為外商海外投資的新選擇。值得注意的是,中國大陸擁有豐沛的勞動力是外商企業紛紛赴大陸投資設廠的最主要考量因素,但是三資企業在勞動力招募方式與管道方面卻鮮少有相關文獻予以論述,再者一般工人數量上相當充裕,招募上不虞匱乏,但是管理幹部與技術人員在數量上則未必如此充足,二者間在企業內的招募方式勢必顯得大異其趣,因此外商企業赴大陸所採取的員工招募方式真相與一般員工和管理、技術人員在招募管道的差異,是我們亟欲了解的課題。大陸勞工受到中共長期以來實行「統包統配」制度的影響,工作態度較不積極,對企業的認同感以及對事物的價值觀均與其他國家勞工不同;在這樣的環境之下,外商企業是如何管理大陸員工?員工在進入崗位前是否必須先接受一定的訓練課程,以激發工作潛能,改變工作態度?隨著臺商到大陸投資家數的不斷增加,我們實有必要針對企業內勞工管理及訓練問題做一深入探討。此外,外商企業初到大陸投資時,往往考慮到信賴程度和易於控制等因素,將管理及技術人員由臺灣派駐人員擔任,這固然可以作為一時的權宜政策,但是隨著投資年限的增長,我們除了有必要了解海外派遣人員之所以願意赴大陸開疆闢土的原因,也應針對海外派遣人員之選派與管理事項,進行了解;以使外商企業所遭遇之困擾降至最低。另一方面,臺商企業赴大陸投資設廠,早日推動管理幹部或技術人員本土化政策,是臺商企業必須予以正視之課題,本文也會針對臺商企業是否有具體的策略,來發掘當地幹部人選並加以培育?在推行過程中又會遭遇何種困難?這些都是我們希冀了解的問題。
4

勞動合同法對外資在中國經營之影響 / The labor contract law impacts to the foreign-invested enterprises in China.

鄭煒儒 Unknown Date (has links)
追求經濟成長是中國大陸這幾十年來的發展重點,但追求經濟成長所衍生的勞動問題卻日益嚴重。雖然中國大陸在1995年頒布《勞動法》,但執行成效不佳,反而由於經濟發展,產生更多新的勞資問題。因此,2007年6月29日中國大陸頒布第一部有關勞動合同制度的全國性專門法規《勞動合同法》,於2008年1月1日起施行。希望藉由此法的頒布,能杜絕勞動者權益長期受到忽視、侵犯的情況。 《勞動合同法》之立法目的係以傾斜保護勞工之權益為主,並基於《勞動法》之基礎而具體地以總則、勞動合同的訂立、勞動合同的履行和變更、勞動合同的解除和終止、特別規定(集體合同、勞務派遣、非全日制用工)、監督檢查、法律責任、附則…等八章,共九十八條條文來規範勞資雙方之權利義務。當中國大陸勞動法令內容從定義模糊不明到明確規範;從有法「應」依到有法「必」依的過程中,必然對企業的營運管理產生影響。 《勞動合同法》之施行將對於眾多赴中國大陸從事商業投資活動之外商投資企業,在關於企業經營成本、企業內部管理、企業招聘人力及法律責任…等方面產生重大之影響及衝擊。外商投資企業在中國大陸工業增加值比重中佔了四分之一,就業人數至2007年達1583萬,對外商的衝擊為何?尤其是勞動力密集產業。所以希望外商投資企業能評估《勞動合同法》所造成之影響,針對《勞動合同法》之衝擊而擬訂完善之因應策略。《勞動合同法》實施後所產生的影響,台商應如何面對﹖希望本研究可以做為台商企業在中國大陸投資的參考。 / Pursuing the economical growth has been the main policy of China for decades. However, the labor problems derived from such development are getting worse. Although the government of the People’s Republic of China passed the 《Labor Law》 in 1995, it achieved little in execution and resulted in more labor-management problems. Thus, the government of the People’s Republic of China promulgated the first national labor specific regulations, 《Labor Contract Law》 on June 29, 2007 and has put it into effect since January 1, 2008. The law has been expected to eliminate the situations of long term ignorance and offense of labor rights. The purpose of 《Labor Contract Law》 inclines to protect the rights and interests of the labors. It is based on the 《Labor Law》 and clearly specifies the rights and obligations of both parties by the eight chapters, a total of 98 Articles: General Provisions, Conclusion of employment and Termination of Employment Contracts, Special Provisions (Collective Contracts, Placement, Part-time Labor), Monitoring Inspections, Legal Liability, and Supplementary Provisions. According to the law, Mainland China will experience the china will experience the changes: from the vague definition to clear standards and from the law “should be” in accordance with the law “must be” in accordance with the process. Such changes will affect the operation of the corporation and then the business management. The enforcement of 《Labor Contract Law》 has dramatically impacted foreign-invested enterprises in China on the company operating cost, business administration, aspects of employment and legal liability…etc. Foreign-invested enterprises in China account for a quarter of the added value. Employees of foreign-invested enterprises had reached 15.83 million by 2007. What the impact will be on foreign-invested enterprises, especially on the labor-intensive industries? Therefore, it is hoped that foreign-invested enterprises will re-evaluate the impact of 《Labor Contract Law》 and formulate effective measures. With the execution and the impact on enterprises, how should the Taiwan inventors cope with? The researcher hopes the study may serve as a reference to the Taiwanese enterprises with investment in China.
5

跨國企業國際投資行為之研究:以中國通訊產業研發中心為核心 / The study of international investment strategies of Transitional Corporations Case Study:Communication industry R&D centers in China

高逢誠, Vincent, Feng Cheng Kao Unknown Date (has links)
跨國企業的發展已建構出一個極為龐大的全球商業體系,其涵蓋了全球生產總值的25%,國際貿易行為的65%,國際技術貿易的60%至70%,產品研發的80%至90%,換言之跨國企業實際上掌握了全球的國際貿易與技術研發。而過往跨國企業多群集於技術領先之處進行海外研發活動,近年來卻轉往以亞洲為主的開發中國家。其中OECD甚至表示跨國企業對於中國研發的投入已經使中國在2006年超越日本,成為研發投入全球第二的國家。 因此本論文便以此為出發點,希冀瞭解跨國企業國際投資行為,並將以跨國企業(摩托羅拉、諾基亞)在中國的投資行為為觀察對象,以瞭解跨國企業如何應對東道國之產業政策,以及如何利用東道國的政策法令、市場地位來極大化其跨國經營的效益,並在最後以臺灣廠商(明基)在中國的研發佈局為對照,指出臺灣廠商未來可以努力的方向。研究後所得整理如下: 1.跨國企業進入資本輸入國的型態已經呈現多元化的趨勢,多數的國際投資開始藉由離岸公司或是多國籍的方式進入資本輸入國。 2.資本輸入國時常會利用法令政策為手段來培植齊國內產業,而跨國企業也會藉由合資、併購等手段來避開資本輸入國法令政策的羈絆。 3.對於中國3G標準(TD-SCDMA)跨國企業之參與不遺餘力。 4.研發行為全球化型態已經成為目前跨國企業研發的方式,藉由建立全球研發管理平台跨國企業更能掌握全球資源。 5.臺灣廠商應盡力往技術研發方向佈局,並應盡力建立跨國研發管理平台,避免一味的追逐製造行為以為滿足,以免在中國本土廠商技術提升之後,淪為替人家代工或是必須遷往成本更低廉的地方。 / The development of Transitional Corporations has already created an enormously complicated business structure in the world. It includes 25%of the gross world product, 65%of the international trade, 60%~70%of the international technology licensing, 80%~90%of the R&D. In other words, Transitional Corporations has manipulated the trade and R&D activities of the world. Moreover, Transitional Corporations are now spreading their R&D activities to developing countries(mainly in Asia). OECD even mentioned that China will surpass Japan by the end of 2006 in R&D spending to become the world's second R&D investor after United States. This thesis examines the international investment strategies of Transitional Corporations. We discuss the international investment law and the foreign investment legal system in China(host country in this thesis)first. Then we focus on the investment strategies of Motorola and Nokia in China to realize how they arrange their R&D centers in China and how they deal with the policies of the host country to maximize their investment interests. In conclusion, we study the investment strategies of BenQ in China to give Taiwan corporations some advice about their international investment strategies. Our conclusions are as followed: 1.Transitional Corporations enter into the host country with diversified nationalities and through the establishment of offshore company. 2.The host country will have certain policies to foster their own industries, Transitional Corporations should use Joint Venture company or M&A action to evade this kind of restrictions. 3.Transitional Corporations spare no effort to affect and join the development of 3G standardization(TD-SCDMA)in China. 4.Globalization R&D has played a major role in the R&D model of Transitional Corporations. Through the built of international R&D management platform, Transitional Corporations are more capable of controlling their global resources. 5.Taiwan Corporations should focus their investment on valuable activities, such as R&D, instead of just pursing manufacture interests.
6

外資投入對大陸國有企業經營績效影響之實證研究

李承信, Lee, Sueng-Shin Unknown Date (has links)
本論文主要在探討外商投資,特別是與國有企業合資,對國有企業經營機制轉換及其經營績效的改善有何影響。新制度經濟學者,Williamson(1991)認為,當制度環境變化時(這些環境的變化包括:產權、政治、法律、及不確定性等),會降低組織結構的轉換成本,因而會改善企業經營機制。本論文把外商與國有企業的合資看成產權結構的變化也就是制度環境的變化,外商投資可以降低國有企業改造(建立公司治理結構或企業現代化)的成本,因而會導致國有企業經營機制的轉換。另外,國有企業和外商合資之後,會援用較先進之外商的管理方式來建立對其經營績效改善有益的企業治理結構。本文應用的就是組織再造理論來探討其問題。 雖然相關的研究發現,外商投資對國有企業的經營機制轉換有影響,但是用一些具體的理論來說明其內涵的研究並不多。因此,本研究想對此問題進一步利用計量方法,研究外商投資對國有企業經營機制的轉換有何影響,即外商與國有企業合資之後,國有企業產權的變化對其企業組織形式有何改變,探討中外合資企業中外資對其經營績效改善的影響程度。 從實證模型的迴歸分析結果發現,有外資投入的國有企業的經營績效比沒有外資投入的國有企業的經營績效高;國有企業與外商合資經營企業的經營績效比未利用外資的國有企業經營績效高,因此可推論合資企業的經營機制較佳。這表示,外商投資使國有經濟達到以產權明晰化為條件的資源最優配置,有助於解決國有企業綜合低效益問題。 本文研究得到的結論為外商投資對國有企業經營績效之改善有顯著的效果,究其原因主要有三,一是國有企業有龐大的社會負擔,二是國有企業冗員太多,人力資源運用效率較差,三是國有企業的經營機制不佳。外商投資帶給國有企業現代企業管理知識、技術,建立較佳的企業經營制度,因而合資企業經營績效較好。 關鍵字:中國大陸、國有企業、經營績效、外資投入、外商投資、新制度經濟學、交易成本、組織再造 / This study mainly discuss about foreign direct investment (FDI) in mainland China, especially the influence of the joint venture (JV) of FDI and state-owned enterprises (SOE) on the change of management mechanism and management performance of SOE. New Institutional Economist Williamson (1991) said, when the institutional environment (including property right, politics, laws and uncertainty) is changed, the transaction cost of organization will be reduced. In this study, consider JV of foreign enterprises and SOE as a change of the property right which is the change of institutional environment. FDI can reduce the cost of enterprises’ reform and it causes the change of management system of SOE. After SOE and foreign enterprise’s JV, Chinese company will adopt a relatively advanced foreign company’s organization structure to build its’ organization structure that is effective for the management performance. And Reengineering theory is used to explain their adjustment of organization structure. The result of regression analysis shows that the management performance of JV is much better than SOE without foreign investment. Therefore, we can infer the management system of JV is better than SOE’s management system. It shows that foreign investment can make property right of SOE more clearly and effective resource allocation which is helpful for resolving SOE’s low economic effectiveness. The conclusion of this study is that FDI is remarkably effective for the improvement of SOE’s management performance. There are three reasons to this: first, SOE has a great amount of social responsibility; second, SOE has too much labor, so it has low effectiveness of human resource management; third, SOE has a bad management system. FDI can bring modern knowledge of management, new technology, and can build an effective management system, therefore we can say the management performance of JV is relatively good. Key words: mainland China, state-owned enterprise (SOE), management performance, foreign direct investment (FDI), New Institutional Economics, transaction cost, Reengineering
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中國大陸新企業所得稅法之研究

顏菀暄 Unknown Date (has links)
本論文分五章探討,第一章為緒論。 第二章為中國大陸企業所得稅法的立法沿革介紹及發展史。在此,介紹了中國從1950年開始至今50多年來中國稅制的演變。 第三章開始探討企業所得稅制的發展歷程,由於過去中國急於發展,稅制主要目的在於吸引資金,對外資企業設立許多租稅優惠,但在這樣的大環境之下,卻產生了許多不公的情況。內外資企業所得稅分立並行,兩套稅制在稅基、稅率、稅收優惠等方面都不統一,且外資企業享有大量租稅優惠,相較之下,內資企業成為弱勢,不利市場公平競爭,為納稅人避稅和偷稅提供相當大的誘因。另外,在第四節的部分,談的是新企業所得稅法的改革重點及內容介紹,並對新舊制度做出比較。 第四章談的是新企業所得稅法施行的問題點。本章將新法規定較模糊或是較晚公布細則的地方做出釐清,並談論在新法之下,有哪些合法的避稅管道可供使用。在第二節的部分藉由數據證明,新企業所得稅法雖然取消了許多外資企業的租稅優惠,但在2008年一整年的稅收比2007年來得要多,這說明了,修法只是一個國家制度的完善與健全,資金流向中國的原因並不全然是租稅優惠的關係,而是由於中國擁有資源及良好的投資環境等因素。 第五章為結論與建議。

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