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金馬影展觀影者的生活型態、知覺價值與觀影者滿意度與忠誠度之關係研究 / A study of the relationship among life style,perceived value, satisfactoin and loyalty of Taipei Golden Horse Film Festival’s Audience陳雯明, Chen, Wen Ming Unknown Date (has links)
「台北金馬影展」是國內最重要、歷史最悠久的影展,從1979年開辦至今已逾30年,一直是影迷們心中的年度電影盛會,但老字號的金馬影展若想繼續維持其影展界的龍頭地位,就必須更了解其觀影者的組成輪廓,因此本研究從生活型態的角度切入,目的是希望能描繪出金馬影展觀影者輪廓,及探討觀影者的生活型態和其與金馬影展的知覺價值、滿意度及忠誠度間的關係。
本研究以量化之問卷調查為主,輔以質化之焦點團體訪談進行分析。問卷之目標對象為看過2010金馬影展的16-35歲觀影者,以網路問卷方式進行,回收之有效問卷共計365份。經統計分析得出之研究結果發現:金馬影展16-35歲的觀影者多為未婚之女性,23-26歲最多,職業以學生為主,且具有高學歷之特質。而其生活型態可分為「思考分析」、「活躍社交」及「靜態藝文休閒」等三群,其中又以「靜態藝文休閒」型的觀影者最多。而不同生活型態之觀影者,對金馬影展的滿意度及忠誠度並無顯著差異。
研究亦發現,金馬影展觀影者的知覺價值與滿意度及忠誠度均呈顯著的正相關,知覺價值對滿意度及忠誠度亦有顯著影響,其中又以「品質與情感價值」影響力最大。而觀影者之滿意度亦與忠誠度呈顯著正相關,且滿意度對忠誠度有顯著影響,尤其是對忠誠度之「宣傳推薦」部分影響較大。
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後殖民語境下的華語電影-解讀西方影展的「中國熱」現象胡清暉 Unknown Date (has links)
西方自從1970年代末期逐漸重視華語電影,國內外影評、輿論經常以「中國電影熱」形容這個現象,本研究將此現象置入歷史文化的脈絡中分析,認為這個現象肇因於當時西方面對封閉而陌生的中國,一種交織過去文化想像、殖民經驗、神秘氛圍、現實需求(戰略考量、廣大的市場)所形塑的心理動機,並展現在許多不同領域,而電影「中國熱」是在此情況下的一個環節。
另一方面,本研究以「中心╱邊陲」的後殖民思考架構,視「中國熱」現象為華語電影走向世界的過程中的四個階段-「重新被發現、新電影運動與西方中級影展、納入主流藝術電影院線、與好萊塢電影工業接軌」。同時,本研究也將進一步探討背後的文化意涵及其所代表的意義。 / Since late 1970s, the Western has gradually put more and more concentration on the Chinese films. The film reviews and the public opinions always regard the phenomenon as the “Chinese Cinema Fever”. This article, on the one hand, analyzes the phenomenon in the historical and cultural veins. While facing China, a state once made the western feel so distant and unfamiliar before, a kind of mentality in the “Western” has been molded by the cultural imagination, colonial experience, mysterious atmosphere, and realistic demand (such like strategic consideration and large-scale market, et al.), and displayed in the various fields. Meanwhile, the “Chinese Cinema Fever” is being a part in such complicated situation. On the other hand, the phenomenon, the Chinese Cinema Fever in the Western Film Festivals since late 1970s, will be considered under the framework of “Center-Periphery” and be regarded as a process of the Chinese film toward the world, which is composed of re-discovering, re-emphasizing, including into the mainstream in the system of the Art Theatre. Nowadays, the Chinese films have turned into a part of the worldwide culture and universal consumption. At the same time, I would like to go a step further to discuss the cultural meanings behind the appearance.
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文化治理下的台北電影節 / Taipei Film Festival Under Cultural Governance張嘉真, Chang, Chia-Chen Unknown Date (has links)
本研究主要以文化治理切入分析影展,並以台北電影節作為研究個案。台北電影節與政府的緊密關係則為本研究選擇文化治理之因。本研究先梳影展與文化治理的概念,並回溯台北電影節十八年來的歷史,最後透過田野研究與深度訪談聚焦於影展工作者。
影展研究的特殊來自其場域的高度複雜性,從多重行動者,到與產業的關係。同時影展高度受限於時空條件,例如:舉辦時間、地點、台北電影節在全球電影產業分工下的角色。全台唯一針對台灣電影設立的台北電影獎也成了其特殊之處,受惠於此的同時也深受其牽制。
台北電影節的設立與大方向訂定與政府/文化局的政策緊密扣連。然而在人事浮動和台灣政治環境下,除了「以文化作為治理方法」,也產生「文化成為被治理對象」的現象。台北電影節有過半經費來自台北市文化局,行政體系上又隸屬財團法人台北市文化基金會,必須遵守嚴格的公文、核銷請款流程。
然而卻與影展工作者特質相互矛盾,影展工作者多半愛好自由、對工作有相當執著等,也因此更容易對繁瑣行政體系產生反彈,同時影展工作常見的短聘制度更是不利公文體系的運作和經驗傳承。原以方便管理、防弊為出發的行政流程,卻吻合Foucault 談論的治理性,治理並不特定指涉國家機器,而是由不同論述推砌。除了由外向內,更同時進行主體化,成為由內向外的規訓。 / This study aims to analyze film festival through the concept of cultural governance. Due to the perceived close relationship between Taipei Film Festival and Taipei government, this festival has been chosen as the case study. It will begin by exploring the concepts of “film festival” and “cultural governance”, and the history of Taipei Film Festival and will focus on the workers through field study as well as in-depth interview.
The field of film festival is highly complex. Its diversity of actors, close relationship with film industry, limited time and space, and the global situation concerning film industry all play parts in the performance of a film festival.
Taipei Film Awards, a competition specialising in Taiwanese films, also makes Taipei Film Festival more confined in its creativity while brining it much resources. The close relationship Taipei Film Festival has with Department of Cultural Affairs, Taipei City Government makes its cultural aspect gets oppressed with endless administrative procedures to follow in order to gain financial and administrative support. Culture, in this case, has turned into a tool of administration; while on the other hand is ruled over by political decisions as well.
The strict administrative procedures pose strong contrast to the nature of film festival workers as they often develop a system on their own to deal with the tons of work that befall on them. They therefore tend to oppose onerous oversight. On the other hand,
the short-term contracts, which are common in film festival, also keeps the system from working fluidly. Administration is now coherence with what Foucault called “governance”. Instead only refer to government, governance is about different discourses. Governance is a process of subjectification, not only from to inside, also become the discipline which works from inside to outside.
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影迷的盛宴:台北金馬影展觀眾的儀式性參與 / The Feast of Cinéphile: The Ritual Participation of Taipei Golden Horse Film Festival Audience張哲豪, Chang Che-Hao Unknown Date (has links)
金馬影展對台灣藝術電影影迷而言,就像是場神聖的盛宴,在這場儀式中,透過群體的力量,讓信念的力量益發強大。本研究嘗試依循「朝聖」(pilgrimage)的角度,將金馬影展的觀影者,視為一種信仰著藝術電影教派(cult)的信徒,他們的身份不只是閱聽人或消費者,而是一種參與者(participants)。
本研究分為三階段進行。第一階段針對金馬影展三十年來(1980~2009)的影片清單進行歷史性檔案研究,歸納出金馬影展播映影片的脈絡。第二階段對影展觀眾進行問卷調查與參與觀察,以期歸納出金馬影迷的外在觀影行為,並透過田野調查實際了解金馬影迷的參與過程。第三階段則是對影迷進行深度訪談與生命史訪談。在影展現場找尋了78位金馬影迷進行訪談,另針對3位具代表性的影迷,分別透過他們參與金馬影展的經歷,來進一步認識歷年金馬影迷參與的過程。
本研究發現金馬影展的儀式概念(The Cult of Film Festival)主要來自於三者:在時間性而言,因一年一度有如逢年過節的「週期性」而營造了儀式感;在空間性而言,因影片與影迷的「齊聚性」而營造了儀式感;除了這兩者之外,要達到類宗教的景仰標準,勢必還要有「神聖性」的概念,其神聖感則是來自於電影大師的作品,所帶來的崇拜心態。
至於影迷的朝聖歷程,本研究以三位影迷的生命史作為引述,介紹20、30、40歲各個世代的影迷,究竟是什麼樣的樣貌。而後根據大量深度訪談、田野觀察與問卷調查的結果,搭配儀式結構的模式,描繪出金馬影迷單次旅程與生涯歷程。在單次旅程的部份,可以分作「前影展時期」、「影展時期」與「後影展時期」,三者中尤以前影展時期的套票搶購與排隊劃位最具儀式性特質。在生涯歷程的部份,亦可分作「前影迷階段」、「影迷階段」與「後影迷階段」,此三者之間主要差異,是以對電影的重視、迷戀與可犧牲程度作為劃分標準。 / For art cinema fans of Taiwan, Golden Horse Film Festival just like a sacred Feast, fans gathered together every year, that increasingly the forces of faith in the ritual. This study attempts to follow the "pilgrimage" view, to imagine that Golden Horse Film Festival audience as the cult followers, their identity is not just the audience or consumers, but a participants.
This study is divided into three stages. First is the archive research of Golden Horse Film Festival for the thirty years (1980~2009). Second is the festival audience questionnaire survey and participant observation, to understand the fans viewing behavior. The third stage is life history interviews.
The study found that the “ritual” or “cult” concept of Golden Horse Film Festival mainly from the three points: the timing, the result of annual holidays, like the "cyclical" and created a sense of ritual; in the space, for film and fans of the "gather" of the ritual to create a sense; In addition to these two, the religious admiration to achieve the standard class is bound to also have "sacred" concept, its sacred sense is from master's work in the film, brought the worship mentality.
For fans of pilgrims journey, the study quoted by three fan’s life history, describes the various generations of 20,30,40 years old. Then according to a large number of interviews, field observations and findings of the survey, with the ritual process model depicts a single journey and the career of the cinephiles. In a single part of the journey, we can divided into "pre-festival period", "Film Festival Period" and "post-festival period". Part in a career of the cinephiles can be divided into "pre-cinephile stage", "cinephile stage" and "post-cinephile stage", the main differences between the three is based on the film's importance, degree of obsession and expendable as the division of standard.
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影展潮:藝術行銷的觀點 / The marketing strategy of the commerical film festival唐慧音, Tang, Hui-Yin Unknown Date (has links)
近年來國內電影映演呈現多元化發展,不只電影類型、內容日趨豐富,電影的映演方式也更趨多元。而擁有集結映演主題、少廳院、長映期、多功能搭配、選擇不設限、聯票預售等特性的「商業影展」更成為九十年代電影市場中極為盛行的電影行銷方式。
隨著電影觀眾的觀影口味多元使得電影分眾市場確立之故,讓許多不同類型的影片得到出現在市場上的機會,再加上多廳戲院取代了傳統大型戲院,除了因應電影分眾的潮流,還可以接受多一些電影放映。另外,為了能夠和大型電影發行商強大的行銷資源相抗衡,將許多部影片的行銷資源集合起來,再透過影展主題式集結的方式行銷,也成為現今非主流商業影片另謀映演空間的方法。上述種種電影市場的新現象就成為現在商業影展興起的契機。
在競爭愈來愈激烈的影展熱潮中,要如何建立有效的行銷策略將是未來經營影展所必須仔細思考的重要課題之一。因此,本研究旨在以行銷的觀點檢視商業影展的經營運作概況,以現在已存的「絕色影展」做為研究對象,整理、分析與討論其所擬定的行銷策略,並將之與消費者的商業影展消費行為調查結果相互比較,提出對商業影展發展行銷策略上的建議,期望對將來在推行商業影展擬訂行銷策略時能有所助益。
本研究探討的行銷策略包括了目標行銷策略以及行銷組合策略兩部分,得到的研究結論如下:
一、目標行銷策略:
商業影展的目標觀眾仍以愛好電影、常看電影的影痴為主,其中年輕的學生人口仍為主要的目標觀眾。
二、行銷組合策略:
1.產品策略:商業影展影片仍以藝術影片為多,建議在主題的選取上可 以朝向更專業化的設計,提供觀眾更具深度的觀影經驗。另外,配合影展提供相關議題的影評講座或座談活動將可以增加影展產品的附加價值。
2.價格策略:採較低價的定價策略並輔以有條件的價格修正措施將可以吸引更多的觀眾。
3.通路策略:觀眾已漸漸培養出購買預售票以及聯票的習慣,因此提供更為簡單便捷的售票系統,將會促進更多觀眾買票進場的意願。
4.推廣策略:商業影展性質有別於一般院線電影,其所採行的推廣策略並非得要用昂貴的大眾媒體做廣告,反而透過公關報導的形式將影展訊息曝光,再利用影評人作為「意見領袖」的方式影響觀眾,透過口碑的傳播,將影展推銷出去,可以得到更大的宣傳影響力量。另外,透過品牌的建立以及建立與維持和顧客長期的良好關係都是商業影展推廣策略中極重要的一環。 / The main theme of the study focus on the marketing strategy of the commercial film festival. The goals of the study include the following:
1. To know what and how the commercial film festival develop marketing strategy, then to evaluate the effect.
2. To find out the main factor that marketing strategy formulated.
3. To research the consumer behavior of the commercial film festival, and suggest the best marketing strategy of the commercial film festival from the consumer research information.
In order to achieve the above goals, the study intends to integrate the qualitative and quantitative data. "Cast study" and "Consumer survey" are conducted. Choosing "Fanciful Film Festival" be the cast of the study, to find out how and what the fanciful film festival develop the marketing strategy, then analysis and discuss them. Simultaneously, using the research to get the quantitative data of commercial film festival consumer behavior. Contrasting both cast qualitative data and quantitative research of consumer survey, and get the marketing strategy suggestion.
The results of the study are followed:
1. Target marketing strategy the target audience of commercial film festival is mainly enthusiast about film.
Mostly they are the young college students.
2. Product strategy
(1) Film category: art film is still the main film category of the commercial film festival.
(2) Film subject: the more professional, profounder film subject is suggested.
(3) Additional product strategy: it would advantage to use some additional product strategies, such as symposium, film review conference...
3. Price strategy: using the going-rate pricing and the conditioned discount.
4. Place strategy:
(1) The consumer has trained the habit of buying the advance ticket and the suit ticket.
(2) To supply the more convenient ticket system would encourage consumer.
5. Promotion strategy
(1) The main promotional tools still are mass medium, especially the public relations. Using the public report to communicate and advertise the film festival, encourage audience consuming.
(2) To pay much attention to the effect of the opinion leader.
(3) To place importance on brand management and relationship marketing.
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影視節目市場展之比較研究劉嘉明, Liu James C. Unknown Date (has links)
台灣電影產業曾經在華人世界舉足輕重,如今在好萊塢商業電影大舉入侵後,已是夕陽餘暉。激烈的市場競爭與新科技的出現,使得電影產業價值鏈重塑,並造成交易形式與交易機制的改變。台灣影片雖然在藝術成就上時有斬獲,但以產業觀點,卻在全球影視市場上無足輕重。回顧過去的研究,大多數集中在電影歷史、類型、社會議題和創作程序等面向,但關於產業本身的管理議題卻付之闕如。為深入探討電影產業的交易平台與網路社群,本研究以全球電影產業中的五項影視市場展為觀察對象,分別為美國電影市場展、坎城影展暨市場展、米蘭電影市場展、釜山國際影展暨釜山電影推廣展以及國際電視與傳播市場展(MIPTV/MIPCOM)。研究發現,坎城影展暨市場展的營運模式最佳,而社群機制與網路治理的建立與維繫、跨產業資訊的整合力、全球宣傳平台、資訊服務與商展規劃同步經營以及政府支持皆為成功經營之基本條件。
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台灣「新電影」論述形構之歷史分析(1965-2000) / Discursive Formation of the "Taiwanese New Cinema": A Historical Analysis (1965-2000)張世倫, Chang, Shih-Lun Unknown Date (has links)
本文以藝術社會學觀點出發,將台灣「新電影」視為一藝術「群體」行動所建構之現象,並分析「新電影」之論述形構過程。
本文認為「新電影」與60年代後逐漸傳入台灣的西方「藝術」電影典範,以及「作者電影」影評之系譜間,有若干思想及美學觀方面之傳承關係,其次回溯「新電影」現象初期,支持者如何藉由電影論述與策略運用,在與各種敵對勢力之批判論爭中,建構出一套「新電影」論述,以求存續發展。
本文並分析「新電影」群體與三種「電影評鑑」機制之間的關係,這包括了「新電影」勢力難以掌握的《金馬獎》、由其主導之《中時晚報電影獎》系譜、以及「新電影」派不斷嘗試接軌的國際「藝術」電影鑑賞機制。分析結果,本文認為「新電影」派由於無法掌握《金馬獎》,便逐漸與其疏離,《中晚電影獎》此一系譜之評鑑機制則並未成功替代《金馬獎》,而「新電影」之藝術正當性來源,則是藉由國際影展策略而達成。
「新電影」派之國際影展策略,在90年代與國家機器之外交宣傳目的逐漸契合,政府態度便由80年代的消極轉為積極地藉由「輔導金」、「電影年」、及鼓勵國際影展路線等方式,來收編「新電影」勢力。「新電影」派亦藉「國際路線」漸受官方重視的脈絡,在論述及實踐上逐漸將「新電影」建構為「台灣」電影唯一存在之國際代表(representation),藉由與官方之需求達成某種程度之契合,「新電影」得到80年代以來從未有過之藝術正當性。
然而此一策略,在國家機器缺乏對電影發行及映演部門之干預下,使「新電影」逐漸在市場與美學評鑑兩個層次上,與台灣本土之脈絡產生疏離,於此同時,則是若干導演已獲得電影「作者」之地位,具有吸引國際投資之能力,但卻難以與台灣電影工業產生良性聯繫,且有淪為跨國資本「研發」單位的可能。本文在分析過「新電影」派於不同時期之各種論述策略後,最後認為除了形成一股集體力量,對台灣電影工業進行政策面之思考與改造外,「新電影派」目前之論述策略,皆不足以改變目前台灣電影業之困境。
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