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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
111

澳門粵曲曲藝的發展與李向榮研究 = A research on the development of Cantonese operatic songs in Macao and Li Xiang Rong / Research on the development of Cantonese operatic songs in Macao and Li Xiang Rong

凌錦雄 January 2009 (has links)
University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Chinese
112

多標記接受者操作特徵曲線下部分面積最佳線性組合之研究 / The study on the optimal linear combination of markers based on the partial area under the ROC curve

許嫚荏, Hsu, Man Jen Unknown Date (has links)
本論文的研究目標是建構一個由多標記複合成的最佳疾病診斷工具,所考慮的評估準則為操作者特徵曲線在特定特異度範圍之線下面積(pAUC)。在常態分布假設下,我們推導多標記線性組合之pAUC以及最佳線性組合之必要條件。由於函數本身過於複雜使得計算困難。除此之外,我們也發現其最佳解可能不唯一,以及局部極值存在,這些情況使得現有演算法的運用受限,我們因此提出多重初始值演算法。當母體參數未知時,我們利用最大概似估計量以獲得樣本pAUC以及令其極大化之最佳線性組合,並證明樣本最佳線性組合將一致性地收斂到母體最佳線性組合。在進一步的研究中,我們針對單標記的邊際判別能力、多標記的複合判別能力以及個別標記的條件判別能力,分別提出相關統計檢定方法。這些統計檢定被運用至兩個標記選取的方法,分別是前進選擇法與後退淘汰法。我們運用這些方法以選取與疾病檢測有顯著相關的標記。本論文透過模擬研究來驗證所提出的演算法、統計檢定方法以及標記選取的方法。另外,也將這些方法運用在數組實際資料上。 / The aim of this work is to construct a composite diagnostic tool based on multiple biomarkers under the criterion of the partial area under a ROC curve (pAUC) for a predetermined specificity range. Recently several studies are interested in the optimal linear combination maximizing the whole area under a ROC curve (AUC). In this study, we focus on finding the optimal linear combination by a direct maximization of the pAUC under normal assumption. In order to find an analytic solution, the first derivative of the pAUC is derived. The form is so complicated, that a further validation on the Hessian matrix is difficult. In addition, we find that the pAUC maximizer may not be unique and sometimes, local maximizers exist. As a result, the existing algorithms, which depend on the initial-point, are inadequate to serve our needs. We propose a new algorithm by adopting several initial points at one time. In addition, when the population parameters are unknown and only a random sample data set is available, the maximizer of the sample version of the pAUC is shown to be a strong consistent estimator of its theoretical counterpart. We further focus on determining whether a biomarker set, or one specific biomarker has a significant contribution to the disease diagnosis. We propose three statistical tests for the identification of the discriminatory power. The proposed tests are applied to biomarker selection for reducing the variable number in advanced analysis. Numerical studies are performed to validate the proposed algorithm and the proposed statistical procedures.
113

運用菲利浦曲線預測物價 / Forecasting Taiwan Inflation using Phillips Curve

王宣智 Unknown Date (has links)
大多數國家的中央銀行均以「穩定物價,控制通貨膨脹」視為貨幣政策的主要目標,因此本研究以 Stock and Watson (1999) 為基本架構,運用2000年1月至2015年12月台灣失業率與其他經濟指標之 Phillips 曲線模型,以遞迴迴歸 (recursive regression) 的方式進行模擬樣本外預測1個月與12個月核心消費者物價指數通貨膨脹率及消費者物價指數通貨膨脹率,及檢驗模型結構穩定性,並利用組合預測方式,進行模型預測績效比較。 其實證結果顯示:核心消費者物價指數年增率模型的預測績效優於消費者物價指數模型的預測績效,而比較失業率及其他經濟指標之 Phillips 曲線各個單一模型,在模擬樣本外預測1個月核心消費者物價指數年增率之預測績效,為營造工程物價指數 (cci) 表現最好,再者發現預測12個月核心消費者物價指數之 Rel. RMSFE 比預測1個月核心消費者物價指數之 Rel. RMSFE 來的小,另外Diebold-Mariano 檢定對於核心消費者物價指數 (cpix) 和消費者物價指數 (cpix) 做為通貨膨脹率之組合預測模型樣本外預測1個月通貨膨脹率之預測績效皆沒有改善效果,反而是部分組合預測模型在樣本外預測12個月通貨膨脹率之預測績效具有改善效果,皆顯示長期預測12個月比短期預測1個月之各個經濟變數的組合預測模型預測績效有明顯的改善,可能係在檢定預測12個月核心消費者物價指數 (cpix) 之 Phillips 曲線模型具有結構性改變影響所致。
114

最適關稅理論--小國之探討

林溫琴, LIN, WEN-GIN Unknown Date (has links)
傳統的國際貿易理論,假定市場為完全競爭型態––無外部性及扭曲存在,無不確定 性或風險,無產品差異性––自由貿易能使世界的資源配置達於柏瑞圖最適境界;然 而實際的經濟社會往往並不如此單純,一旦這些前提假定不存在時,自由貿易勢必無 法澱到柏瑞圖最適境界,此時,政府的適度干預,則是資源有效調配的必要手段。 全文約六萬字,共分六章進行,第一章緒論;第二章探討最大收入關稅與最適收入關 稅,並討論其所可能隱含的政策意義以及研析這些政策是否合理及其得失;第三章探 討國內市場有扭曲存在時之最適關稅,採用間接效用函數方法導引最適關稅之一般化 公式;第四章探討國際價格不確定下之小國最適關稅,並討論其政策含意;第五章探 討貿易品為壟斷性競爭品時之最適關稅,首先比較有貿易與無貿易均衡狀態,並分析 貿易提高社會福利所應滿足之充要條件,進而導引壟斷性競爭貨品的最適進口關稅; 第六章綜合上述結果作成結論。
115

多國籍企業外匯風險管理之理論與實證

邱永順, GIU, YONG-SHUN Unknown Date (has links)
內容大致如下: 第一章:說明本論文研究動機與目的、研究方法、研究限制等。 第二章:探討多國籍企業對外匯風險管理的兩項首要工作─匯率變動預測與外匯風險 暴露分析。 第三章:探討多國籍企業外匯風險管理的目的、動機、對風險的態度、避險策略設定 ,各種替代性避險技術之評與選擇,最後說明集權制與分權制之取捨。 第四章:首先說明我國企業對外投資現況與展望,次探討我國外匯風險管理的環境, 最後分從匯率預測、外匯風險暴露分析及其管理對策探究目前我國多籍企業外匯風險 管理之務。 第五章:結論與建議。
116

隨機過程下損益平衡點之研究----兼論學習曲線之運用

劉永康, Liu, Yong-Kang Unknown Date (has links)
內容如后: 第一章:導論,說明本論文之研究目的、研究方法、研究限制及全篇論文之結構。 第二章:敘述傳統情況下損益平衡分析之假設限制條件及應用上之限制。 第三章:損益平衡分析法之最新發展。 第四章:不確定情況下之損益平衡分析、說明線性、非線性分析、討論單一產品及多 產品的常態分配模式、對數常態分配模式。 第五章:建立不確立情況下損益平衡分析之一般決策模式,將需求及利潤視為隨機變 數,以修正傳統模式,並研究兩平點之隨機分析,即假設固定成本與邊際貢獻為互變 數對數常態分配時之兩平點機率探討。 第六章:實例研究。 第七章:學習曲線在損益平衡分析上之應用。 第八章:結論。
117

利用和絃特徵探勘音樂旋律曲風之研究 / Melody Style Mining Using Chord Features

郭芳菲, Kuo, Fang-Fei Unknown Date (has links)
隨著數位多媒體技術的進步,越來越多的音樂以數位化的方式來儲存,數位音樂的檢索成為重要的研究領域之一。以內容為主的音樂檢索(Content-Based Music Retrieval, CBMR)能讓使用者直接利用音樂的內容做檢索,而非傳統以音樂的metadata查詢的方法。目前有關CBMR的研究,常見的查詢方式包括哼歌、唱歌或打拍子等。但是,這些方法都會因為查詢者缺乏音樂訓練而無法正確表達出想查詢的音樂,影響查詢效果。 人們常常會根據曲風將音樂分類,音樂曲風的探勘將有助於CBMR的研究。本篇論文主要目的在結合多媒體與資料探勘的技術,從大量MIDI音樂中,作音樂曲風的探勘及分類,並將曲風探勘的技術應用在個人化音樂推薦、音樂風格檢索及音樂風格瀏覽上。 在本論文的第一部份,音樂曲風探勘分類的研究,包括了三個研究議題:音樂特徵的粹取、頻繁樣式的探勘及曲風的分類。我們利用和絃作為音樂的特徵,根據和聲學的原理,從MIDI音樂中找出主旋律搭配的和絃。粹取出和絃後,我們研究不同的和絃特徵表示法與其頻繁樣式探勘演算法。針對所探勘出的頻繁樣式,我們修改associated classification演算法,以應用在音樂曲風的分類上。此外,不同的曲風,其風格的多樣性也不同。因此,為了提高分類的效果,我們提出Single-Type Variant-Support (STVS) 與Multi-Type Variant-Support (MTVS) classification演算法,使得分類規則中允許多種特徵表示與不同的最小支持度。 在本篇論文的第二部分,我們應用曲風探勘的技術,提出了個人化音樂推薦的機制。針對使用者對音樂風格的喜好,將新的音樂推薦給使用者。系統根據使用者對資料庫中音樂的存取行為,學習使用者在音樂曲風上的偏好,產生個人化的2-way preference classifier,以推薦符合使用者喜好的音樂。 第三部分為音樂曲風的檢索。目前大部分的CBMR系統中,使用者僅能尋找已經聽過的音樂。然而,使用者想查詢的很可能是沒聽過,但曲風感覺類似的音樂。針對上述的問題,我們提出了以音樂曲風作檢索的新方法。同時,我們提出四種曲風查詢的描述方式,並且利用音樂風格探勘與分類的技術產生的分類規則計算曲風的相似度,最後依照曲風的相似程度產生檢索結果。 本篇論文的最後一部分為音樂風格的分群。音樂風格的分群有助於瀏覽大量的音樂資料。我們利用和絃為特徵,針對不同的特徵表示方法,提出相似度的計算方式。我們將數種分群演算法應用於音樂風格的分群上,並比較各種分類演算法與不同的音樂特徵與表示法的分群效果。 / With the development of multimedia technology, digital music is now in widespread use. Content-based music retrieval (CBMR) has attracted much interest in recent years. CBMR allows users query by music content rather than metadata. However, even with the capability of query by humming, the effectiveness of CBMR system suffers from the ability of query content expression for people without music training. Music style is one of the features that people used to classify music. Discovery of music style is helpful for the design of content-based music retrieval systems. In this thesis, we investigate the mining techniques of music style by melody from a collection of MIDI music and apply the mining techniques to three applications, personalized music filtering, music retrieval by melody style and music style browsing. In the first part, the design issues of melody style mining and classification consist of the feature extraction, frequent pattern mining and melody style classification. We extracted the chord from the melody based on the harmony and investigated the representation of extracted features. For each extracted feature, the corresponding frequent pattern mining techniques are developed. For the melody style classification algorithm, we propose the Single-Type Uniform-Support classification (STUS) algorithm which is modified from the associated classification algorithm. To improve the performance of classification, we propose two new classification algorithms - Single-Type Variant-Support Classification (STVS) and Multi-Type Variant- Support classification (MTVS) algorithm. STVS learns the appropriate minimum supports of every category’s frequent patterns automatically. MTVS algorithm considers all types of frequent patterns for every category further and can decide the appropriate combination of frequent patterns and the corresponding minimum supports. In the second part, we present a personalized content-based music filtering system to support music recommendation based on user’s preference of melody style. The system learns the user preference by mining the melody patterns from the music access behavior of the user. A two-way melody preference classifier is therefore constructed for each user. Music recommendation is made through this melody preference classifier. Performance evaluation showed that the filtering effect of the proposed approach meets user’s preference. A new approach for CBMR by the semantic property of music – melody style is proposed in the third part of this thesis. Most CBMR systems provide users the capability to look for music that has been heard. However, sometimes, listeners are looking, not for something they already know, but for something new. Moreover, people sometimes wish to retrieve music that “feels like” another music object or a music style. We propose four types of query specification for melody style query. The output of the melody style query is a music list ranked by the degree of relevance to the query. We adopted melody style mining and classification rule learning algorithm to obtain style classification rules. The style ranking is determined by the style classification rules. In this thesis, we also investigate music clustering techniques which are useful to browse large music archives. We propose the similarity measures for the representation of the extracted chord-sets and compared the performance of different clustering algorithms with various extracted features.
118

復原力的力量: 個人與來自家庭、學校脈絡中的保護機制對青少年憂鬱症狀改變之影響 / Resilient Outcome:The Impacts of Self-Esteem and Protective Mechanisms in Family and School Contexts on Trajectories of Adolescent Depressive Symptoms

黃鈺婷, Huang,Yu Ting Unknown Date (has links)
本研究採用一項有關青少年成長與發展調適問題的長期貫時性追蹤資料(1996-1999),試圖突破過去討論青少年憂鬱症狀發展時,所用之横斷式資料的囿限,嘗試應用潛在成長曲線模型(Latent growth curve model, LGC Model)的分析方法,加入歷史時間的縱深,捕捉青少年憂鬱症狀的「起始狀態」、與「個別的成長軌跡發展」。以不扭曲地將所有受試青少年在三年間的內化症狀變化情形,忠實地描述出來。而後,加入「改變」因素的討論,企圖尋找能影響青少年憂鬱症狀發展軌跡的關鍵機制。 此研究主要目的即在「具象化」復原力的理論觀點,企圖加入動態的時間面向,確認負向生活事件與青少年憂鬱症狀發展軌跡之間的因果關聯,並探討來自個人、與環境脈絡中的關係運作,對青少年憂鬱症狀平均數、變化方向與速率的跨時間影響。研究結果明確回答:為什麼有些青少年在受到憂鬱症狀的負向影響之後,尚能有回復機會並「表現地比預期好」的疑問。至於針對一群憂鬱症狀發展呈現改善、或惡化的少數青少年樣本,在性別、自尊、負向生活事件、家庭親子互動、學校好朋友關係等特性上的差異,本研究亦逐一說明。 在理論層次上,本項研究結合適切的研究方法,從「靜態」到「動態」地觀察青少年的身心發展、自「個人」到「家庭系統內外」討論內外在資源對青少年復原的短暫以及長久影響效果,並以一般青少年為研究對象的作法,擴增了復原力理論的推論範疇與解釋深廣。研究顯示,青少年的「改善」或「惡化」憂鬱症狀發展軌跡,確實在環境脈絡的節制之下,存在著個別差異。此外,青少年起始的憂鬱狀態並不影響憂鬱症狀軌跡發展的變化率。家庭經濟不利這項負向生活事件,對於青少年憂鬱症狀的預測,只呈現短暫的初始影響。自尊和好朋友關係皆是青少年可以主動建構與可為之舉,為兩個最重要能影響青少年憂鬱症狀變化的關鍵因素。至於學校脈絡,則可視為在家庭脈絡之外,能提供青少年憂鬱症狀改變效果的新路徑,以及讓青少年可以順利「轉大人」之雙重機會的結構因素。 / Using data derived from a panel study (1996-1999) of long-term Taiwanese adolescent development and adaptation, this study intended to break through the limitations of cross-sectional studies, which plagued past studies of adolescents’ developing depressive symptoms. By employing the Latent Growth Curve Model (LGC Model), this study mainly attempted to feature the individual initial status and the trajectory of every adolescent’s developmental depressive symptoms, which concerned about the important functions of the dynamic historical time and space on youth internalizing symptoms, for the research purpose to reflect the real resilient outcome each adolescent displayed. Besides, in order to understand the key factors that were taken as positive and effective mechanisms to influence the initial status and rates of changes on youth trajectories of depressive symptoms, several latent constructs such as self-esteem and protective factors developed from family and school contexts were taken into accounts. Further, specified characteristics were noted to highlight the basic differences gradually showed between resilient improved adolescents and worsen ones. A positive-psychological stance was taken as the leading research perspective in this study. The results shows that familial economic hardship only affects the initial status of adolescent depressive symptoms, implying that this negative event just had a short-term effect on youth’s psychological well beings. Those who were initially vulnerable to familial negative event had opportunity to become resilient over time. As to the protective factors, self-esteem and cohesive good-friendship were two crucial facets adolescents could actively construct and make efforts for further resilient performances to be better than expected. The analyzing results indicated, interestingly, that parent-child relationship early obtained in family context and adolescent’s satisfaction with parenting merely counted for the initial impact on adolescent trajectories of depressive symptoms. Concerns and cohesive relationships acquired in school contexts, especially in classes, provided dual chances for adolescents to become resilient in a long run.
119

從傑克•戴維斯的《頭生兒三部曲》中看澳洲原住民生存的毅力 / Indigenous Australians’ Persistence in Survival in Jack Davis’s The First Born Trilogy

邵姵蓉, Shao,Pei Jung Unknown Date (has links)
澳洲原住民已經生存在澳洲大陸長達四萬年。他們有著自成一套的宗教系統、神話、風俗習慣、語言和藝術,遵循著使人和自然都共榮的生存方式。但是,由於白人的入侵,企圖強占他們的土地,使得澳洲原住民幾乎要絕滅。在大規模的屠殺和白人從歐洲帶來的傳染病流行之下,原住民的人口急遽減少,連他們的文化都受到威脅。因此,原住民成為澳洲社會中被邊緣化的少數族群。 因此,此篇論文要援引巴赫汀(Mikhail Bakhtin)提出的「時空型」的概念、法國史學家納拉(Pierre Nora)對於記憶的看法及相關的原住民文化,去探討傑克•戴維斯在《頭生兒三部曲》中,顯示出白澳社會對於原住民的壓迫及原住民在重建文化記憶和原住民本質的強化之下,所表現出來生存的毅力。第一章包含了白人和澳洲原住民接觸的歷史背景、傑克•戴維斯及其劇作的簡介,其他評論家對於《頭生兒三部曲》的評論。第二章中,我要援引巴赫汀的「時空型」的概念來討論在白人政府的壓迫之下,原住民所處嚴酷的社會環境及原住民弱勢的社會地位給原住民帶來的影響。第三章則援用納拉對於記憶的論點來分析戴維斯藉由說故事、舞蹈和夢境來創造「記憶場域」(lieux de mémoire)以保留原住民對於其文化的記憶。第四章則是探討原住民本質所帶來的能力增強。藉由此能力強化,原住民得到了對抗白人迫害的力量,且可以為自己發聲。第五章則是為前四章所論做總結。 / Indigenous Australians have lived in Australia for 40,000 years. They develop their own system of religion and mythology, social conventions, language and arts, observing a life that can make both the environment and human beings prosperous. But Aboriginals are driven to extinction by the White who intend to possess their land. Because of large scale of massacres and diseases, both the number of Aboriginal population and their culture are endangered. Indigenous Australians become the marginalized minority in Australian society. Therefore, with the reference to Mikhail Bakhtin’s idea of the chronotope, Pierre Nora’s concept of memory and related Aboriginal culture, this thesis aims to discuss that Jack Davis, in The First Born trilogy, presents the oppression of White Australian society to Aboriginal people and displays Aboriginals’ persistence in survival through the reconstruction of Aboriginal memory and the empowerment of Aboriginality. Chapter One includes the general historical background of the contact between the White and Aboriginals, the introduction to Jack Davis and his plays, and the criticism on Davis’s trilogy. In Chapter Two, I take advantage of Bakhtin’s idea of the chronotope to discuss the severe social environment of indigenous Australians who are oppressed by the White Australian government and the social consequences of Aboriginals’ disadvantaged position in society. Chapter Three aims to utilize Pierre Nora’s concept of memory to analyze that Davis, through stories, dances, and dream visions, creates lieux de mémoire to preserve Aboriginal memory. Chapter Four concentrates on the empowerment of Aboriginality, which offers a subversive force for Aboriginals to fight against the White persecution and have their voice heard. Chapter Five is the concluding chapter to wrap up these three plays.
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猫霧捒社(Babusaga)的研究 ——猫霧捒社非猫霧捒族考 / Study of Babusaga:Babusaga Village not Babuza Tribe

簡史朗, Jean, Shih Lang Unknown Date (has links)
台灣西部平埔族群Papora(拍瀑拉族)及Babuza(巴布薩族)之間存在著 族、社分類歸屬的問題,其中以「猫霧捒社」所引發的疑點及爭論最多。猫霧捒 社的社址在現今台中市的「南屯區番社腳」一帶,其社域廣泛分布於台中市市區 的南半部,但是從日治時代到當今的研究及學術分類中,「猫霧捒社」一直被歸 類為Babuza,甚至於以社名「猫霧捒」做為Babuza 的漢文族名,稱呼Babuza 為「猫霧捒族」。 本論文以考古出土的資料、語言的證據,配合歷史發展過程、命名制度、祭 典歌謠(猫霧捒社番曲)、語料提供人的家世、系譜、古契文書等,證明「猫霧 捒社」屬於Papora(拍瀑拉族),並不屬於Babuza(猫霧捒族/巴布薩族);而 且猫霧捒社與大肚南、中、北社及水裡社合稱為「大肚五社」,是一個具有地緣 關係和血緣關係的社群結合,其關係之緊密甚至於可以上溯到荷蘭時代「大肚王 (Quataong)」的權力運作結構。 傳統認知裡「Papora 分布於大肚山以西」及「Papora 包含大肚社、水裡社、 沙轆社、牛罵社等四大社群」的說法均應予以修正。本論文認為Papora 的組成 應該再加入猫霧捒社。而「Papora 的原始分布範圍」為:西邊從清水海岸平原起, 東邊到台中盆地東側的豐原、太平、霧峰山地止,北邊到大甲溪、南邊以大肚溪 與彰化平原的Babuza(巴布薩族)為界。台中平原除了豐原丘陵及太平丘陵山 地一帶為Pazeh 族群(朴仔籬社、烏牛欄社、阿里史社)的領域之外,絕大部分 都都屬於Papora 的原始分布領域。 廓清「猫霧捒」的問題之後,對於台灣西部平埔族的研究,當可引發全新的 視野及研究的取向。

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