近年來文化創意產業已經變成新顯學，對於地區的整體經濟與國家發展均 漸有舉足輕重的影響力，文化創意產業已成為現代都市發展的重心。相較於進 行創意、創新的產業，許多具有傳統技藝與文化的行業卻較無法維持其生計， 甚至走上「關門大吉」。本研究係藉由研究在文化古都日本京都與台灣台南的 老店經營來探討在外在環境的改變中，老店企業歷經百年而不衰的關鍵因素， 以及找出關鍵因素間互動的情形。 / In resent years, the industry of culture had became a big issue. The economic development of local area and National Development, the culture industry plays an important role, and also becomes a Indispensable part for the development of modern society. Compared to some industry which focused on innovation and creativity, Industry focused on traditional skill and culture are not earning a living so easily. In this paper, the author tried to find out the key factors why hundred-years old stores can earn their living in the changing environment with a deeply interview of two old store: 湯波半in Kyoto, Japan and 祿記包子in Tainan, Taiwan . After the deeply interview and research, spirit level and special social institution named “Jia-Yuan”is the key reason that accumulates and transfers implicit knowledge continuously. Also the spirit of inheritance and dynamic, organic Organization of flexibility was been maintained. Those stores are not only manufacturer and sell the physical goods, but also provide deeply culture and historical experience.

本研究透過個案探討的方式，進行 A 公司汽車電子零組件業務大陸佈局策略分析與研究，得到以下的結論： (1) 大陸汽車電子零組件市場仍處於春秋戰國時代，如何站在棋盤上不要被擠掉，以享受未來進入軌道後的利潤是重大課題； (2) 為求貼近市場及滿足客戶的需要，跟隨台灣汽車零件廠商移往中國大陸發展，增加A公司的利基市場； (3) 增加汽車電子零組件業務展，有效改善A公司業務集中於被動元件景氣波動風險。佈局大陸市場兼收國際投資風險分散之效。 而本論文對 A 公司大陸經營策略提出以下的建議：(1) 公司建立完整的人才培育養成及留才計畫，以建構足夠的人力資源因應寬且深的展策略；(2) 配合大陸當地文化，建立良善管理制，連結激勵性的獎酬制度，以達績效誘因及控管之目標；(3) 完善的資訊系統提升管理效能，戰情中心的設立以強化公司的應變能力；(4) 淘汰落水狗產品，加強產品研發能力及技術提升，創造利基產品，降低對單一產品之依賴度，將景氣與原廠策略率變動影響降至最低；(5) 配合大陸當地景氣及同業發展，檢討調整發展策略，以達永續經營及獲利持續成長之目標。

在台灣，表演藝術活動蓬勃發展的今日，大大小小的各類表演藝術團體此起彼落，有的僅曇花一現成為一劇劇團、一舞舞團，也有的以堅毅卓絕的精神持續奮戰十幾二十年。然而，表演團體雖多，但大部份團體成立的目地都是要方便完全主導自己的創作，因此每一個創作者都是該團的藝術總監，這也是坊間一般的經營模式。 成軍二十年的『舞蹈空間舞蹈團』，為一個擁有專職舞者、專屬排練場以及專業行政的職業舞團，但其創辦人平珩卻未曾發表過創作，舞團演出舞碼均為駐團編舞家的作品。獨特的「創新經營模式」包括承接「代工業務」、「共同設計開發製造」等鴻海專有的經營模式，並夾以「雙品牌」行銷策略，為台灣現代舞團，甚至是整個表演藝術界獨樹一幟。 　　本研究主要探討「創新經營」運用在表演藝術上的作為有何？以及『舞蹈空間舞團』進行創新的挑戰、作為與經營管理的成效分析，故選擇質化分析法中之單一個案研究。 研究結果顯示，『舞蹈空間舞團』在「營運」範疇中「產品市場」、「核心資源」與「事業網路」三構面的發展，的確符合「創新」的四個座標：1.產品的差異化，2.有新的觀眾群體，3.新的價值空間，4.地理疆界的向外移動。並由創新概念中延伸出的新的營運模式，加上該舞團領導者對藝術高包容力的組織文化帶動，讓『舞蹈空間』成為表演藝術界的「異數」，一個致力於與不同編舞家合作的舞蹈品牌。 其次依對經營面向進行成效分析時，則發現『舞蹈空間舞團』創新經營的模式，所創造出來的公共價值超過舞團私人價值，但創新經營方式卻也在某種程度上妨礙『舞蹈空間』這個品牌的發展。 　　最後，本研究依據『舞蹈空間舞團』的創新經營模式，針對深植專業技能、擴大製作團隊的規模經濟、以及強化品牌形象等三方面，提出一套具體改進的建議。 / In recent years, the growth of performing arts in Taiwan is evident. Many performing groups, both big and small were quickly formed. While most groups did not last beyond one show, some have continued to survive, albeit barely, for more than 20 years. A distinguishing feature of the majority of performing groups was that they were formed to retain full control over artists' creative expression. Thus, the founding artists of all performing groups are also the chief art directors, and it was common that artists took on multiple roles in the group. The performance of Dance Forum Taipei was professionally created by the chief choreographers, but was never by the founder Ms. Ping Heng in the past 20 years. In essence, Dance Forum Taipei presented an innovative business management model that includes "original equipment manufacturing", "co-designing, developing and manufacturing" etc. which the leading Taiwanese electronics company Foxconn is specialized in. Furthermore, The adoption of "double identification" strategy has uniquely opted to maintain a clear demarcation of management in the field of performing arts. The present study is aimed at examining the implementation and implications of "innovation" in management of performing art groups. Using qualitative analysis via single subject case study, we will critically analyze the challenges, management strategies and outcomes of the "innovation" by Dance Forum Taipei in managing performing groups. The present study concluded that in the three domains of operations: Product/Market, Core resource, and Business network, Dance Forum Taipei meets the requirements of being labeled as "innovative." Specifically, Dance Forum Taipei demonstrated four major strengths - product differentiation, attracting new audience, providing new core values, and extension of geographical territories. The new business model extended from the innovative ideas have made Dance Forum Taipei a unique role in the field, the brand that symbolizes artistic collaborations among multiple choreographers. However, when we analyzed Dance Forum Taipei for its management effectiveness, the result indicated that the public value was more profound than its own value. In essence, the innovative business management model has stopped Dance Forum Taipei from further development. Finally, based on the innovative business management model by Dance Forum Taipei, the present study proposes a solution for rooting the professional skills, expanding the economy of production scale, and strengthening the business identity.

中國太陽光能行業轉變–由演化經濟面解決分析 / China’s growing energy needs have turned renewable energy into a crucial factor necessary for its social stability and national security. This paper has been written with the understanding that the role renewable energy plays in the Chinese industry and market will be nothing less than critical in coming decades. Solar PV electricity is one of the most promising renewable energy technologies and is a fast growing industry. However in China there exists a huge gap between its market potential and current achievements in the field. This thesis paper depicts the evolutionary path China is currently undergoing from a heavy reliance on fossil produced energy to a balanced energy mix by examining its solar PV industry and market. Its major argument is that as transitional processes require long term vision and planning, the potential of china’s energy transition to solar energy needs to be assessed under a set of criteria that can trace a long term development path. By using the six core elements introduced by the evolutionary economics theory, this paper presents a unique in depth analysis of China’s transitional efforts toward solar PV grid parity. The paper has reached three major conclusions. The first and most important is that the Chinese central government seems to be making genuine efforts in promoting solar PV as one of the nation’s future energy sources. These efforts have been marked by assessing governmental legislation concerning Bounded Rationality issues and various incentive programs. The Renewable Energy Law and the Medium and Long-Term Development Plan have served as instrumental driving forces to the immature market. Local governments have shown significant commitment by providing substantial support to the PV industry as well to Co-evolutionary technologies such as inverters and batteries. Legislation has had limited success in handling Lock In issues such as connection to the national grid and real price reflection of conventional energy. The second conclusion is that although the market is still at an early stage of its development, it relies too heavily on Selection promotions, namely direct subsidies. Recent developments in the PV market growth in China can mostly be regarded to the Golden Sun program and the BIPV program. These efforts have been an important promoter in raising global awareness to the potential of its solar sector. However this form of subsidy does not present a long term sustainable growth solution. The lack of a national Fid in Tariff scheme (despite few specific provincial schemes) and existing problems concerning projects tendering process cause an imbalance in terms of market and industry Diversity. This unbalance appears in the form of lack of Diversity in project developers, being mostly local state owned or highly affiliated with the government enterprises. The third conclusion is that China’s government can and should give more focus on domestic Innovation. Currently the country’s national R&D investment is significantly lower than market leaders in Europe. China’s education system does not support more than several world class solar PV electricity research centers and its industry development relies on expensive imported technology and international collaboration. Most companies in the industry hold a short term development vision which affects technological Diversity, mostly in the upstream segments of polysilicon and ingot production. Lack of attention towards a diverse range of future PV and Co-evolutionary technologies limits industry development to specific sectors that have low technological barriers. The paper concludes that while China is well positioned for further expansion of its market it still lacks in specific aspects of its transitional path. This analysis is unique as it presents not only an up to date market and industry status but also refers to their future growth potential. This paper presents a wide range of aspects that directly affect solar PV’s future development. Its true value lies within the usage of the evolutionary economics approach as a theoretical framework, which allows us to gain better understanding of how the different aspects related to the solar PV world affect each other and the fitness of this historic transition.

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近年來，在財務領域中，有越來越多的人想藉助人工智慧系統來幫助我們做預測與處理最佳化的問題，而類神經網路與基因演算法為兩種最常見的處理系統，可幫助我們監控與做出適當的決策。而本文特別針對以上兩種系統，分別在不同的領域中，做出適當的應用。 在類神經網路方面，本文試圖結合配對交易來建構出一套能獲利的交易模式。由於在配對交易的部分，進出場時機的門檻值是影響獲利的一大重要關鍵，因此若能利用類神經網路輔佐我們的交易並預測適當的進出場時機，或許可提高我們的交易績效與報酬。 而在基因演算法的部分，由於此演算法的最主要功能是處理最佳化問題，因此本文試圖用基因演算法建構最佳化的投資組合，結果指出，利用此方法所得之投資組合在單位風險值的衡量之下，有較好的報酬表現。

本研究以經濟部2006年度「製造業對外投資實況調查」報告為研究資料，利用Probit Model針對上述調查結果進行迴歸實證分析，探討廠商特質及投資動機對海外子公司經營績效之關係，並進一步分析台商廠商特質及投資動機在不同技術取得模式下，其對經營績效的影響效果；研究結果發現，就「技術來源」單一因素，對於大陸子公司經營績效無重要影響，但經由「廠商規模」、「國際化深度」及「市場導向」技術來源由非母國提供技術時，對大陸子公司的經營績效較經由母國提供具有正向且重要影響。就廠商特質而言，「廠商規模」、「國際化深度」及「研發密集度」為影響大陸子公司經營績效的重要因素；當不考慮「國際化深度」的影響因素時，「投資時間」亦會成為影響大陸子公司經營績效的重要因素。就投資動機而言，「市場導向」、「勞動力導向」及「網絡因素」為影響大陸子公司經營績效的決定因素。

「神人」與「鳥」歷經中國文化蘊涵與積累，多被賦予自由穿梭、翩然越界的象徵，然而，若追溯《山海經》神話，「神人與鳥」則以更豐富的面向折射出初民的生命態度。以氏族先祖與神祇化身所衍生的神人帝俊，在〈大荒經〉中以「使四鳥」以及「使四鳥：虎、豹、熊、羆」的行文方式成為神話敘事套語。若連綴《山海經》、《楚帛書》對於帝俊的記載以及原始信仰中以鳳為風的古老觀念，可推知帝俊使四鳥神話應是受殷商文化影響所孕育而生。殷商先祖帝俊驅使四鳥，象徵了至上神驅使鳥形日神與鳥形風神巡遊四方，頗有創制四方空間的意味。這類神話呈現出人們尋求重現創制空間所帶來的秩序與安穩，尋求生活於神聖中心的渴望。 同為神人驅使靈鳥的關係，西王母與三青鳥則表達出人們對永恆生命的追尋與探索。西王母兼具了生命與死亡的雙重神聖意義，展現大母神神性特徵，但若從神話空間意識所蘊含的意義分析，與西方空間密切相關的西王母，即然代表了凋零與死亡，卻也同時意味著生命得以新生，醞釀另一種生命形式。這種象徵意涵在西王母結合昆侖山樂園意象後更為彰顯，在絕地通天後，昆侖山成為人們登昇天界的唯一途徑。西王母神話也因其與昆侖山的緊密連結，由原始神話所隱含的「再生」特質，逐漸發展成引領人們通往天界的特殊神職。 此外，本文亦探討《山海經》中以人鳥同體的異形形貌體現神異的鳥形神人。具有神祇性質的鳥形神人，其神狀均為人面鳥身並且能珥蛇、踐蛇或乘龍；至於經文類屬為人的殊方異人，皆為以人為主體，輔以鳥類特徵。者神狀的微妙差異，應隱藏某種特殊意涵。 本文即嘗試系統性地總結《山海經》神人與鳥所建立的對應關係及合體意象，探討其與原始意涵的關連，以期發現神人與鳥的敘事話語如何在神話脈絡中建構人與宇宙間的永恆秩序，從而對於人的存在價值，能夠有更客觀的認識。

90年代起，隨著兩岸政策不斷鬆綁，台灣對中國大陸投資限制的逐漸開放，以及中國大陸政府極力改善投資環境，再加上豐厚的勞工資源與龐大的潛在市場，於是台灣中小企業紛紛前往大陸設廠投資。本文的目的在探討台商赴大陸投資的經營策略，分析成功、失敗的關鍵因素等等，以做為日後有意前往中國大陸投資者之參考。 本研究針對2家成功台商與1家失敗台商以訪談及問卷方式，了解該公司赴大陸投資的原因與時間，投資型態與規模大小等特性，及其公司管理制度的移植、技術創新活動的投入如何造成其經營內涵的演變等。本文採用個案方式分別探討其經營策略模式，成功或失敗之關鍵因素。本文最後歸結成功經營之關鍵因素有:「專業技術與研發能力」、「明確掌握產業脈動」、「良好的任用政策」、「嚴謹的財務控管」。而在失敗經營個案中，「業外投資過多」、「本業無法兼顧」、「欠缺財務控管」、「資金運作不良」、「任用政策不當，無法適才適用」、「管理跟不上公司快速的擴充」為台商赴大陸投資失敗因素。 事實上多數台商企業長久以來以代工為主，缺乏自己的核心技術、自有品牌與市場通路。在面對整體投資環境的轉變，台商企業應盡快提升經營體質，達成升級轉型。在大陸地區經營環境上，融資管道也十分不便，在財務規劃需格外注意。此外大陸地區勞工素質參差不齊且流動性大，勞工政策不斷修改，且工資也不斷上漲，因此在人才培訓與法令政策更需花費心地及多加熟悉。此外，公司更應提升員工福祉，不但能藉此建立員工向心力與公司良好聲譽，更能善用當地資源，以利公司穩健發展。

一廠商欲促速技術升級，可行之途徑不外乎自先進國家引進他廠商已開發完成之技術，或自行投資研究發展活動以獲得新技術。然而關鍵技術為各廠商之高度商業機密，取得不易，欲使技術升級之根本之計，惟有廠商本身投入研發活動，以己力獲得新技術。然而，廠商從事研發活動雖可獲得新技術，但同時也承受極高之失敗風險，換言之，研發活動之結果為成功，代表廠商投入之研發費用可創造更多廠商之未來價值；但若結果為失敗，則廠商所投入之研發資金如同石沉大海。由上述得知，廠商之研發支出對於衡量其經營績效時，實為重要之考量因素，亦為值得吾人探討之議題。 為了評估廠商所支出之研發費用對其經營績效之影響，本文以1999年至2003年間設籍於台北市並投入研發支出費用之71家廠商之資料，以追蹤資料迴歸模型—固定效果模型探討可能對廠商毛利率造成影響之因素。實證結果顯示：（一）就全部產業而言，研發支出密集度、速動比率及營收總額對廠商之毛利率呈正向關係，研發支出密集度平方及負債比率對廠商之毛利率呈負向關係。（二）就電子業及非電子業而言，研發支出密集度、速動比率及營收總額對廠商之毛利率呈正向關係。電子業方面研發支出密集度平方之結果未達顯著標準，非電子業研發支出密集度平方對廠商之毛利率呈現負向關係。在負債比率方面，電子業及非電子業呈現相反之結果（電子業呈負向關係，非電子業呈正向關係），經分析之原因應與產業結構有關。