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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
781

Les niveaux psychologiques de Platon : une théorie de la connaissance d'après la cybernétique / Plato's Psychological Levels : a theory of knowledge in the words of cybernetics

Roche, Florentin 29 September 2017 (has links)
Cette recherche se propose de montrer l’existence de ce que nous appelons des « niveaux psychologiques » chez Platon, en empruntant à la théorie des types logiques, formulée par B. Russel et A.N. Whitehead, puis revisitée par l’anthropologue G. Bateson au sein du mouvement cybernétique. Par « niveaux psychologiques », nous entendons des états psychiques d’être en relation avec le réel sur le mode analogique. Nous défendons la thèse selon laquelle la théorie platonicienne des formes n’oblige pas à penser des degrés de réalité de la chose mais bien un processus de réalisation de l’objet en soi par le sujet de l’expérience. En tant que tels, les niveaux psychologiques correspondent donc à des niveaux d’apprentissages de la réalité. Ainsi, la méthode dialectique utilisée par Socrate accompagne le progrès de l’âme, pilotée par l’intellect, au moyen de la raison qui relie et distingue les phénomène sensibles. Cette double fonction caractérise l’exercice du langage et rend compte du mouvement de la pensée. La succession et la répétition des ajustements opérés à partir de l’expérience conduisent ainsi à une meilleure définition de la forme de l’objet en soi, i.e. une saisie plus nette de ce qui, de l’intelligible, passe dans le sensible. De ce fait, la théorie platonicienne de la connaissance apparaît comme une théorie du processus et non comme une théorie du contenu de savoir, qui mène du théâtre intérieur de nos représentations, limitées par le temps d’une vie et l’espace d’un corps, au spectacle de l’infini. En outre, parce qu’il existe un seul chemin pour penser ce qui est réellement, l’examen psychologique des causes de soi rejoint nécessairement la recherche philosophique sur les causes du monde, dans une cosmologie. / This research intends to demonstrate the existence of what we call "psychological levels" in Plato's philosophy, taking from the theory of logical types, formulated by B. Russel and A.N. Whitehead, then restyled by the anthropologist G. Bateson, inside the cybernetic movement. By "psychological levels", we mean psychic states of being in relation with reality under an analogical scheme. We defend the argument that Plato’s theory of Forms does not imply degrees of reality in the thing but a process of realization of the object in itself through the subject experiencing it. As such, psychological levels refer to levels of learning what is reality. Thus, the Socratic dialectical method accompanies the soul’s progress, driven by the intellect, thanks to reason which relates and distinguishes the sensible phenomena. This double function characterizes what language is and gives reason for the movement of thought. Succession and repetition of the adjustments made from the experience of the thing lead to a better definition of the Form of the object in itself, i.e. a clearer acquisition of the intelligible part of the thing that is passing through its sensible expression. Hence, Plato’s theory of knowledge stands like a process theory more than a content theory, by conducting the search for truth from the inner theatre of our representations, limited by a lifetime and the space of a body, to the spectacle of the infinite. Furthermore, since there is only one path in order to think what exists in reality, the psychological research into the causes of thyself necessarily fits in the philosophical research into the causes of the world — a cosmology.
782

CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS DANOS OCASIONADOS POR Edessa meditabunda (F.), Chinavia impicticornis (Stal) e Piezodorus guildinii (West.) (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) NA CULTURA DA SOJA / Characterization of damage caused by Edessa meditabunda (F.), Chinavia impicticornis (Stal) and Piezodorus guildinii (West.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) to soybean

Husch, Patricia Elizabeth 29 February 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-25T19:29:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Patricia Elizabeth Husch.pdf: 1923789 bytes, checksum: 66b22bd82c197d61e9ab27b9feed842a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Experiments conducted in field cages (1.0 m x 1.0 m x 1.2 m) in Ponta Grossa, Paraná, with soybean NK 3363, during the 2010/2011 season, were designed to characterize and assess the damage caused by Edessa meditabunda, Chinavia impicticornis, and Piezodorus guildinii. The plants were infested with different population levels (0, two, and three adults/m) at different phenological phases, as follows: from the beginning of grain development up to maturation (R5.1-R9); 25% to 50% of seeds filled up to maturation (R5.3-R9); completely filled seeds up to maturation (R6-R9); physiological maturity (R7-R9). Two experiments were carried out: 1) the first with the species E. meditabunda and P. guildinii and the soybean sown on November 12, 2010 and harvested on April 8, 2011 (cycle of 147 days); 2) the second with the species C. impicticornis and P. guildinii and the soybean sown on December 16, 2010 and harvested on May 2, 2011 (cycle of 150 days). The following parameters were analyzed: leaf retention; germination; yield; damage estimate with tetrazolium, classified from 1 to 8; total number of non-viable seeds. Data underwent variance analysis and the Tukey test at 5% significance level. P. guildinii caused higher leaf retention during the longest infestation period (60 days, from R5.1 to R9), with an average retention index of 4.1 (41% to 60% of the plants with symptoms of leaf retention), whereas in the shortest period of infestation (21 days, from R7 to R9), the average retention index was 3.2. The lowest germination (66.5%) was observed in plants infested at the beginning of grain development (R5.1-R9) with three adults/m of P. guildinii, as well as in plants infested at the physiological maturity (R7-R9) with three adults/m of E. meditabunda (68.7%), a species that, in the same period of infestation, caused the highest number of non-viable seeds (18.0%). C. impicticornis infestation caused the lowest percentage of germination (76.5%) during phase R5.3 with two adults/m. The highest average percentage of seeds damaged occurred with infestations during R5.1-R9, with two and three adults/m of P. guildinii, when 22.6% to 25.0% of the seeds and 63.6% to 68.0% of the seeds were damaged in the first and second experiments, respectively, in a total of 50 seeds. E. meditabunda was responsible for the greatest damage in infestations at R7, with an average of 34.0% and 41.4% of the damaged seeds in the first and second experiments, respectively. C. impicticornis affected the highest number of seeds (approximately 54.0%) in infestations with two insects/m at R6. P. guildinii caused the severe damage (36.0% of non-viable seeds) in infestations during the longest period (R5.1-R9). No significant differences were observed between the periods of infestation with two and three insects/m. The highest reduction in viability and seed vigor was caused by infestations at R5.1 with three adults/m of P. guildinii, with only 64.0% of viable seeds and 38.7% of vigorous seeds. Yield (kg ha-1) was not significantly affected between the two periods of infestation and between different population levels. / Experimentos conduzidos em campo com gaiolas (1,0 m x 1,0 m x 1,2 m), em Ponta Grossa, Paraná, na cultura da soja, cv. NK 3363, na safra de 2010/2011, tiveram como objetivo caracterizar e avaliar os danos ocasionados pela alimentação de Edessa meditabunda, Chinavia impicticornis e Piezodorus guildinii. As plantas foram infestadas com diferentes níveis populacionais (0, dois e três adultos/m), em diferentes fases fenológicas, sendo elas: do início do desenvolvimento do grão até a maturação (R5.1-R9); 25% a 50% de granação até a maturação (R5.3-R9); semente completamente cheia até a maturação (R6-R9); maturidade fisiológica (R7-R9). Foram conduzidos dois experimentos: o primeiro, com as espécies E. meditabunda e P. guildinii e a soja semeada em 12 de novembro de 2010 e colhida em 8 de abril de 2011 (ciclo de 147 dias); o segundo, com as espécies C. impicticornis e P. guildinii e a soja semeada em 16 de dezembro de 2010 e colhida em 2 de maio de 2011 (ciclo de 150 dias). Foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros: retenção foliar; germinação; produtividade; danos estimados com análise de tetrazólio, sendo classificados de 1 a 8; número total de sementes danificadas, classificado de 6 a 8; número total de sementes inviabilizadas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey no nível de 5% de probabilidade. P. guildinii causou maior retenção foliar no período mais longo de infestação (60 dias, de R5.1 a R9), com índice médio de 4,1 (41% a 60% das plantas com sintomas de retenção foliar), enquanto no período mais curto de infestação (21 dias, de R7 a R9), o índice médio de retenção foliar foi de 3,2. A menor germinação (66,5%) foi observada nas plantas infestadas no início do desenvolvimento dos grãos (R5.1-R9) com três adultos/m de P. guildinii, bem como nas plantas infestadas na maturidade fisiológica (R7-R9) com três adultos/m de E. meditabunda (68,7%), espécie que, neste mesmo período de infestação, causou o maior número de sementes inviáveis (18,0%). A infestação com C. impicticornis causou a menor porcentagem de germinação (76,5%) no período de R5.3 a R9, com dois adultos/m. As maiores porcentagens médias de sementes danificadas ocorreram nas infestações em R5.1-R9 com dois e três adultos/m de P. guildinii, tendo sido observados danos de 22,6% a 25,0% e de 63,6% a 68,0%, no primeiro e segundo experimentos, respectivamente, em um total de 50 sementes. E. meditabunda foi responsável pelos maiores danos nas infestações em R7, com média de 34,0% e 41,4% de sementes danificadas, no primeiro e segundo experimentos, respectivamente. C. impicticornis afetou o maior número de sementes (cerca de 54,0%) nas infestações em R6 com dois insetos/m. P. guildinii ocasionou os danos mais severos (36,0% de sementes inviabilizadas) em infestações no período mais longo (R5.1-R9). Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os períodos de infestação com dois e três insetos/m. A maior redução da viabilidade e do vigor das sementes foi ocasionada pelas infestações em R5.1 com três adultos/m de P. guildinii, obtendo-se apenas 64,0% de sementes viáveis e vigor de 38,7%. A produtividade (kg ha-1) não foi afetada significativamente entre os diferentes períodos de infestação e entre os diferentes níveis populacionais.
783

Condições de privação e pós-privação sensoriais de aprendizagem : experimento com quatro estudantes de diferentes níveis acadêmicos

Madeira, Renan Moreira January 2017 (has links)
A presente dissertação teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos de privações sensoriais durante a prática inicial de peças para piano, tanto em situação de privação sensorial como em situação pós-privação. Com tal delineamento objetivouaproximar esta temática, trazida para a área da música na década de 1980, às situações mais habituais de prática musical. A hipótese era de que a prática com privação sensorial poderia influenciar a prática de piano em condições habituais, não só pelas diferentes maneiras como as peças seriam aprendidas, como pelas diferentes habilidades que as condições experimentais poderiam requerer dos participantes. Foram delineadas quatro condições de privações sensoriais: (A) privação do piano, com decodificação visual da partitura; (B) privação da partitura e do piano, com decodificação auditiva da gravação da peça; (C) privação da resposta sonora, com decodificação da partitura em um piano elétrico desligado; (D) privação da partitura, com decodificação da gravação em um piano acústico. Quatro participantes fizeram parte da amostra: um de extensão universitária, outro cursando o início da graduação, um terceiro sendo formando, e o quarto de pós-graduação. Cada participante realizou quatro sessões de coleta de dados, nas quais estudou a peça em situação de privação sensorial e em situação pós-privação, em tempo máximo de 30 minutos. Foram realizados registros em áudio e vídeo das sessões de prática assim como entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os registros de performances das práticas com e pós-privação foram submetidos à avaliação de árbitros externos. A análise dos dados juntamente com os relatos dos participantes, concedidos durantes as entrevistas, comprovam a hipótese de que a prática em condições de privação sensorial ofereceu novas abordagens no contato inicial com a obra, promovendo reflexão sobre estratégias de estudo, ampliando recursos expressivos e aprofundando a compreensão de elementos interpretativos. Os resultados mostraram que os comportamentos se distribuíram de maneira diferente entre as situações com e pós-privação, sendo mais variados na primeira. Esta variedade de comportamentos aponta para as especificidades para lidar com as tarefas propostas, relacionando-se também com os níveis de expertise dos participantes, exigências de realização artística e comprometimento com a consecução dos produtos de performance. Na situação pós-privação, os comportamentos se apresentaram de forma mais homogênea, embora tenham sido também revelados diferentes níveis de aproveitamento das informações apreendidas na situação de privação, distintas maneiras de adaptar os conhecimentos prévios adquiridos na prática com privação e diferentes ideais de refinamento e acabamento artístico. Tanto o nível acadêmico dos participantes quanto suas habilidades individuais se mostraram decisivos na maneira como os estudantes abordaram os dois momentos de prática, com privação sensorial e pós-privação sensorial. / The present dissertation aimed at investigating the effects of sensory deprivations during the initial practice of short piano compositions, whether in deprivation or post deprivation situations. The Idea of this design was to bring this research field closer to actual situations of musical practice. At the beginning, the hypothesis was that practice with sensory deprivation could influence the piano practice in normal conditions, not only because of the different manners in which the pieces could be learned, but also because of the different abilities that the experimental conditions could require. Four different experimental conditions were designed: (A) deprivation of piano, with visual decoding of the music score; (B) deprivation of piano and score, with auditory decoding of a commercial recording of the practiced composition; (C) deprivation of sound response, with the music score being decoded in a turned-off digital piano; (D) deprivation of score, with the recording being decoded on an acoustic piano. Four participants were part of the research’s sample: one having piano classes at the University’s extension program; one at the sophomore year of the undergraduate piano course; one at the senior year of the undergraduate piano course; and a student at the graduate program. Each participant accomplished four experimental sessions, in which the piano composition was practiced in a situation involving sensory deprivation and in a post-deprivation situation, for the maximum time of 30 minutes. The practice session, the performance products and semi structured interviews were recorded. Performance products were evaluated by external referees. The analysis of data, together with the participants’ speeches given during the interviews, verify the hypothesis that the practice in conditions of sensory deprivation offered new approaches to the initial contact with the compositions, promoting reflection on practice strategies, broadening expressive resources and also brought a deeper comprehension of interpretive elements. Results showed that practice behaviors were employed in different ways in the deprivation and post deprivation situations, with more variety in the first. This variety of behaviors points out to the specificities in order to deal with the proposed tasks, being also related to the participants’ expertise level, their own demands of artistic goals, and commitment with the attainment of the performance products. In the postdeprivation situation the behavior were more homogeneous, even if there were been differences in the degrees in the use of the contents learned during the deprivation situations, different ways of adapting the previous knowledge of the deprivation situation and different goals of artistic refinement. Both the participants’ academic level and their individual abilities were crucial in the ways in which the students worked in the two practice moments, with sensory deprivation and post sensory deprivation.
784

Perspectivas de deliberação do fenômeno da prática pianística em diferentes níveis de expertise

Mantovani, Michele Rosita January 2018 (has links)
A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar perspectivas de deliberação na prática pianística em função dos níveis de expertise, uma vez que a literatura consultada sustenta a temática num viés de polarização em níveis extremos e deixa em aberto à discussão acerca da prática de níveis intermediários dentre aqueles propostos na literatura de psicologia cognitiva, a saber: novato, iniciante avançado, competente, proficiente e o expert. Fundamentando-se nos princípios fenomenológicos de E. Husserl (1900-1970), o delineamento metodológico envolveu etapas de mapeamento preliminar da amostra, na qual 18 participantes (em níveis de extensão, graduação, pós-graduação universitária e profissional) gravaram em áudio e vídeo uma sessão de prática de duas peças de seus repertórios e participaram de duas entrevistas semiestruturadas. Quatro casos representativos em níveis distintos de expertise foram selecionados e analisados em profundidade por procedimentos qualitativos (perspectiva fenomenológica) e quantitativos (por estatística descritiva e inferencial). Para a descrição do fenômeno da prática, unidades de prática foram delimitadas, e nessas, as essências do fenômeno investigado denominadas categorias psicossensoriais (testar, repetir, isolar, ajustar, alternar, parar, explorar, dispersão e lapso). Essas categorias formaram o arcabouço no qual as incidências (em termos de ações, desvios e procedimentos) foram compiladas e organizadas, resultando maneiras de praticar tanto comuns a todos, como outras peculiares a cada participante investigado. As perspectivas de deliberação foram identificadas e refinadas numa dimensão mais pontual para o fenômeno da prática pianística como um indício de empenho na e para a situação de prática com relação à intencionalidade frente ao fenômeno estudado. Tais perspectivas resultaram na proposição de um modelo, que considera os limites do foco de atenção, as ações da prática sobre a natureza e a mobilidade dinâmica das categorias psicossensoriais, e possíveis fatores resultantes em função de uma dada intensificação de ações empreendidas. O argumento da presente tese é que a deliberação na prática pianística não é uma constante, e sim uma perspectiva dinâmica que ocorre a cada unidade de prática a partir da intencionalidade dos sujeitos para com as obras praticadas. / The present research aimed at investigating perspectives of deliberation in piano practice according to the levels of expertise, since the consulted literature supports this subject in polarized at extreme levels and leaves a gap in the discussion about the practice of intermediate levels among those proposed in the literature of cognitive psychology, namely: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient and the expert. Based on the phenomenological principles of E. Husserl (1900-1970), the methodological designed involved preliminary sample mapping, in which 18 participants (at university extension, undergraduate, graduate and professional levels) recorded in audio and video one practice session of two musical works from their repertoire and participated in two semi-structured interviews. Four representative cases at different levels of expertise were selected and analyzed in depth by qualitative procedures (phenomenological perspective) and quantitative ones (by descriptive and inferential statistics). For the description of the phenomenon of practice, units of practice were delimited, and in these, the essences of the phenomenon investigated denominated psychosensorial categories (testing, repeating, isolating, adjusting, alternating, stopping, exploring, dispersing and lapsing). These categories made up the framework in which the incidences (in terms of actions, deviations and procedures) were compiled and organized, resulting in ways of practicing both common to all participants and others peculiar to each investigated one. The perspectives of deliberation were identified and refined in a more specific dimension to the phenomenon of piano practice as an indication of commitment in and for the practice situation regarding intentionality at the studied phenomenon. Such perspectives resulted in the proposition of a model, which considers the limits of the focus of attention, the actions of the practice on the nature and the dynamic mobility of psychosensorial categories, and possible resulting factors from a given intensification of undertaken actions. The argument of the present thesis is that deliberation in piano practice is not a constant, but it is a dynamic perspective that occurs to each unit of practice from the intentionality of subjects towards the musical works practiced.
785

Webbutiker : Hur hanteras frånvaron av det fysiska rummet för kommunikation? / Web shops : How is the absence of the physical room forcommunication managed?

Eriksson, Sofia, Hedinge, Camilla January 2009 (has links)
Online shopping is growing and its turnover increases each year. Internet hastherefore become an important retail location for companies. Web shops lack thephysical room for marketing as well as face-to-face interaction between customer andsalesperson. Therefore there is a need to develop marketing and customercommunication methods for this way of shopping. In physical shops the customer hasthe ability to try on the garments and be pampered by the staff. All in all, the wholevisit can be seen as an experience. For the fashion web shops, this is not possible andhence, they have to find other ways.Our purpose with this study is to describe how web shops replace the physical roomfor communication. We will do that by identify and describe the different functionsoffered to the fashion web shops' customers. Further we aim to find out whichfunctions can be regarded as standard, and which are extra and hence could be seen ascompetitive advantages. Based on these descriptions we will be able to present anormative model for best practice for the fashion web shop industry.Our literature review begins with a general introduction to marketing, marketcommunication and how Internet has affected these two areas. This is followed by amore focused review on the literature of web shops and the various functions relatedto them, for example product presentation and different kinds of services. Theprimary aim of our literature review was to formulate our research questions but it hasalso provided us with concepts and models for the structuring of our findings.We started our study by mapping the field of web shops by making observations onthe Internet. Then we divided our material in categories so that we could limit ourfurther part of the study. We chose H&M, Nelly and Acne as study cases for our indepthstudy, and we chose another seven web shops for comparisons. The functionsthat were observed more thorough were product presentation, purchase related andrelation oriented functions. Our empirical material was then analysed according toKotler’s levels of product. By doing this we also present the normative model for bestpractice.We have found that web shops use several different methods to replace the physicalfunctions. Both virtual dressing rooms and video clips of catwalks will probably be apart of best practice in the future. The loss of the physical functions makes it difficultII Ifor web shops to fully compete with physical shops. There are however severalbenefits of web shops that customers can’t get from a physical shop, for example thelarge range of products, and the 24-hours availability. In conclusion, physical andvirtual shops convey different kinds of experiences for the customer. Web shops canbe a complement to physical shops, but they will probably not be able to fully replacethem.This Bachelor thesis will follow in Swedish. / Program: Textilekonomutbildningen
786

Acoplamentos não-adiabáticos pelo método hiperesférico. / Nonadiabatic couplings in the hyperspherical method.

Masili, Mauro 19 March 1993 (has links)
Soluções não-adiabáticas em coordenadas hiperesférica para sistemas coulombianos de três corpos são apresentadas. Energias altamente precisas para o estado fundamental do hélio são obtidas, pela primeira vez, no método adiabática hiperesferico (HAA). Com a inclusão de somente três curvas de potencial e os correspondentes acoplamentos, precisão de partes por milhão foram obtidas. Concluímos que o HAA, usado exaustivamente para descrever semi-quantitativamente sistemas atômicos e moleculares, não está mais obstruído pela falata de prescrição para se obter funções de onda de precisão arbritária para sitemas coulombianos. / Non-adiabatic solutions for the Coulombic three-body systems in hyperspherical coordinates are presented. Highly accurated energies for the helium ground state are obtained, by the first time, in the hyperspherical adiabatic approach (HAA). With the inclusion of only three potential curves and the corresponding couplings, precision of parts per million have been achieved. We conclude that the HAA, exhaustively used to describe semi-quantitatively both molecular and atomic systems, is no longer more hampered by the lack of prescription for the obtainment of arbitrary precision wave functions for Coulombic systems.
787

Dizziness and falls rate changes after routine cataract surgery and the influence of visual and refractive factors

Supuk, Elvira January 2015 (has links)
Purpose: To determine whether symptoms of dizziness and fall rates change due to routine cataract surgery and to determine the influence of visual and refractive factors on these common problems in older adults. Methods: Self-reported dizziness and falls were determined in 287 subjects (mean age of 76.5±6.3 years, 55% females) before and after routine cataract surgery for the first (81, 28%), second (109, 38%) and both eyes (97, 34%). Six-month falls rates were determined using self-reported retrospective data. Dizziness was determined using the short-form of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory. Results: The number of patients with dizziness reduced significantly after cataract surgery (52% vs. 38%; χ2 = 19.14 , p < 0.001), but the reduction in number of patients who fell in the 6-months post surgery was not significant (23% vs. 20%; χ2= 0.87, p=0.35). Multivariate logistic regression analyses found significant links between post-operative falls and change in spectacle type (increased risk if switched into multifocal spectacles). Post-operative dizziness was associated with changes in best eye visual acuity and changes in oblique astigmatic correction. Conclusions: Dizziness is significantly reduced by cataract surgery and this is linked with improvements in best eye visual acuity, although changes in oblique astigmatic correction increased dizziness. The lack of improvement in falls rate may be associated with switching into multifocal spectacle wear after surgery.
788

Respostas fisiológicas de bovinos e bubalinos recebendo dietas com diferentes níveis de concentrado / Physiological responses of cattle and buffaloes fed diets with different levels of concentrate

LEITE, Amanda Menino 01 February 2010 (has links)
Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2017-03-22T11:45:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Amanda Menino Leite.pdf: 391546 bytes, checksum: 52bc8a5614355c53ce9715b63d0dc59f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-22T11:45:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Amanda Menino Leite.pdf: 391546 bytes, checksum: 52bc8a5614355c53ce9715b63d0dc59f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-01 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The objective of this work was to investigate the physiological responses of cattle and buffaloes to warm temperatures is affected when fed diets with different proportions of forage and concentrate. The experiment was conducted in the Animal Science Department at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, from February to June 2006. Four male buffaloes and four steers were fed diets with increasing levels of concentrate, on dry matter basis (DM). Animals were housed in individual pens with cemented floor and covered with asbestos-cement tiles. It was used a split-plot arrangement in a complete randomized experimental design. The experiment lasted for 114 days. The environment was monitored bya meteorological station installed at the experimental area. Thermoregulation was evaluated by measures of rectal temperature (RT), respiratory rate (RR), skin temperature (TP), and sweating rate (TSUD). Average air temperature ranged from 25.6 to 31.0 ºC, the temperature and humidity index (THI) from 76.0 to 81.6 the black globe temperature and humidity index (BGHI) from 77.7 to 84.8, and Radiant Thermal Charge (RTC) from 480.1 to 538.4 watts/m².Higher levels of concentrate in the diet of cattle and buffaloes increased RT, RR, and TP of animals, but these values remained within the normal physiological range. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar as respostas fisiológicas de bovinos e bubalinos, recebendo dietas com diferentes proporções de volumoso e concentrado. O experimento foi conduzido no Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, no período de fevereiro a junho de 2006. Foram utilizados quatro bubalinos e quatro bovinos, alimentados com rações contendo níveis crescentes de concentrado, com base da matéria seca (MS). Os animais foram alojados em baias individuais de piso concretado, em galpão coberto com telha de fibrocimento. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com arranjo em parcelas subdivididas, sendo a parcela composta por um arranjo fatorial 2 x 4 (duas espécies e quatro níveis de concentrado: 0, 24, 48, 72%) e na subparcela o período de avaliação. O ensaio foi analisado por turnos, manhã e tarde. O experimento teve duração de 114 dias. O ambiente foi monitorado por intermédio de um abrigo termométrico, localizado no interior do galpão. A termorregulação foi avaliada por medidas da temperatura retal (TR), frequência respiratória (FR), temperatura de pele (TP) e taxa de sudação (TSUD). Durante o período experimental, a temperatura do ar variou de 25,6 a 31,0 ºC, o Índice de temperatura e umidade (ITU) de 76,0 a 81,6 e o Índice de temperatura de globo e umidade (ITGU) de 77,7 a 84,8 e a Carga Térmica de Radiação (CTR) de 480,1 a 538,4. O aumento nos níveis de concentrado na dieta de bovinos e bubalinos ocasionou aumentos na TR, FR e TPL dos animais, entretanto, esses valores se mantiveram dentro da faixa fisiológica normal.
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Dust of ideas in the wind ou como pequenos grãos de ideias se propagam: o impacto do ambiente internacional e as pressões internas sobre o padrão na oferta de políticas públicas no Brasil e na Colômbia / Dust of ideas in the wind or as small grains ideas spread: the impact of the international environment and internal pressures on the standard in the provision of public policies in Brazil and Colombia

Costa, Saulo Felipe 24 May 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Elesbão Santiago Neto (neto10uepb@cche.uepb.edu.br) on 2016-09-08T18:27:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Saulo Felipe Costa.pdf: 2922821 bytes, checksum: 18754431dd9c3a1c85b267cf73e19c69 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-08T18:27:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Saulo Felipe Costa.pdf: 2922821 bytes, checksum: 18754431dd9c3a1c85b267cf73e19c69 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-24 / CAPES / The research aimed to screen for evidence of the influence of ideals of the international medium on the pattern of public policies in Brazil and Colombia. Through an approach that linked the theory of two levels games and policy paradigm understanding in Kuhn and the mechanism of social learning, it was possible to develop a proxy for the degree of influence of international pressure for the adoption of a given policies. We attempted to analyze the influence of the proposed of solution to the state problems, issued by multilateral agencies, through what became known as the Washington Consensus. The choice of Brazil was due to an increased availability of data, while the choice of Colombia is its function in this country experience a long period of democratic rule, with jarring ideological profile of the Brazilian. For this, the research has focused on the behavior of public spending in both countries, was also performed a more specific case study on the deployment of the managerial model of public administration in Brazil, with the aim of better understanding how this process occurred import and export of ideas and solutions for different problems. The research showed that multilateral organizations have greater power to print your ideas in countries' policies when such changes are first and second order, by type built. In return, changes in third order are only induced by multilateral bodies, since the ideology of society plays a more decisive role for the incorporation or not of such ideas "exogenous”. / A pesquisa em tela buscou por evidências da influência de ideais do meio internacional sobre o padrão de oferta de políticas públicas no Brasil e na Colômbia. Através de uma abordagem que uniu a teoria dos jogos de dois níveis à compreensão de mudança de paradigma em Kuhn e ao mecanismo de aprendizagem social (social learning), foi possível elaborar uma proxy para o grau de influência das pressões internacionais pela adoção de determinado conjunto de políticas. Buscou-se analisar a influência das propostas de solução aos problemas estatais, emanadas por agências multilaterais, através do que ficou conhecido como Consenso de Washington. A escolha do Brasil se deu devido uma maior disponibilidade de dados, ao passo que a opção pela Colômbia se deu em função deste país experimentar um longo período democrático, com perfil ideológico destoante do brasileiro. Para tanto, a pesquisa se debruçou sobre o comportamento do gasto público em ambos os países, foi executado também um estudo de caso mais específico sobre a implantação do modelo gerencial de administração pública no Brasil, com o intuito de melhor compreender como se deu este processo de importação e exportação de ideais e soluções para os mais diversos problemas. A pesquisa evidenciou que os organismos multilaterais possuem um maior poder de imprimir seu ideário nas políticas dos países quando tais mudanças são de primeira e de segunda ordem, segundo a tipologia construída. Em contra partida, mudanças de terceira ordem são susceptíveis apenas de indução pelos organismos multilaterais, uma vez que a ideologia da sociedade desempenha um papel mais determinante para a incorporação ou não de tal ideário “exógeno”.
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Propriedades de dinâmica hamiltoniana em níveis de energia convexos de R4 / Properties of the hamiltonian dynamics in convex energy levels of R4

Marcelo Ribeiro de Resende Alves 25 May 2011 (has links)
A existência de seções globais para uxos é de central importância na teoria de sistemas dinâmicos, pois uma seção global simplica o estudo da dinâmica de um uxo reduzindo-o ao estudo da dinâmica de um difeomorsmo. Apresentamos detalhadamente a construção feita Hofer, Zehnder e Wysocki (em \'\'The dynamics on a strictly convex energy surface in R4\'\') de uma seção global para o uxo Hamiltoniano restrito a um nível de energia convexo em R4 . Uma importante consequência da existência dessa seção global é que o uxo Hamiltoniano restrito a um nível de energia convexo em R4 tem 2 ou innitas órbitas periódicas. Essa construção utiliza-se da teoria de curvas pseudo-holomorfas em simplectizações de variedades de contato desenvolvida pelos mesmos autores. Os argumentos apresentados também dão uma nova prova da Conjectura de Weinstein para formas de contato tight em S3 . / The existence of global surfaces of section to ows is of central importance in the theory of dynamical systems, as a global surface of section simplies the study of the dynamics of a ow reducing it to the study of the dynamics of a dieomorphism. We present in detail the construction due to Hofer, Wysocki and Zehnder (in \'\'The dynamics on a strictly convex energy surface in R4\'\') of a global surface of section for the Hamiltonian ow restricted to a convex energy level in R4 . An important consequence of the existence of the global surface of section is that the Hamiltonian ow restricted to a convex energy level in R4 has either 2 or innitely many periodic orbits. This construction makes use of the theory of pseudo-holomorphic curves in symplectizations of contact manifolds developed by the same authors. The arguments also give a new proof of Weinstein conjecture for tight contact forms in S3 .

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