Existing residential and small commercial buildings now represent the greatest opportunity to improve building energy efficiency. Building energy simulation analysis is becoming increasingly important because the analysis results can assist the decision makers to make decisions on improving building energy efficiency and reducing environmental impacts. However, manually measuring as-is conditions of building envelops including geometry and thermal value is still a labor-intensive, costly, and slow process. Thus, the primary objective of this research was to automatically collect and extract the as-is geometry and thermal data of the building envelope components and create a gbXML-based building geometry model. In the proposed methodology, a rapid and low-cost data collection hardware system was designed by integrating 3D laser scanners and an infrared (IR) camera. Secondly, several algorithms were created to automatically recognize various components of building envelope as objects from collected raw data. The extracted 3D semantic geometric model was then automatically saved as an industry standard file format for data interoperability. The feasibility of the proposed method was validated through three case studies. The contributions of this research include 1) a customized low-cost hybrid data collection system development to fuse various data into a thermal point cloud; 2) an automatic method of extracting building envelope components and its geometry data to generate gbXML-based building geometry model. The broader impacts of this research are that it could offer a new way to collect as is building data without impeding occupants’ daily life, and provide an easier way for laypeople to understand the energy performance of their buildings via 3D thermal point cloud visualization.

Preem verkar inom drivmedelsbranschen som styrs av en mycket hög omsättning med förhållandevis små marginaler. Det är därför viktig med en väl fungerande lagerkontroll. Det man idag är ute efter är en ökad precision i lageruppföljningen och därmed behövs ett nytt systemstöd till detta. Jag fick i min roll hos Preem uppgiften att titta närmre på GUI och processerna bakom. Det resulterade i denna rapport med ett framtaget förslag på användargränssnittet till det nya systemet och dess affärsprocesser som är kopplat till detta. Arbetet fokuserar på hur de två framställs i förhållande till varandra och vilka metoder som används för att konstruera dessa. Arbetet inkluderar illustrationer av as-is och to-be processmodeller enligt BPMN specifikation, wireframes och en sitemap. Denna rapport visar ett förslag på ett sammanfört system och ett intuitivare GUI med nya processer bakom, för just Preem, och hur balansgången går mellan att skapa affärsprocesser och ett grafiskt användargränssnitt ur varandra, beroende av vilka som är involverade i projektet. / Preem is a Swedish company that operates in the oil industry, which is controlled by very high sales and with relatively small margins. It’s therefore essential with a well working stock control. Today they are looking for a better way of monitoring the stock with a higher precision and therefore they need a new system for that. My role at Preem was to take a closer look at the GUI and the processes behind that. It resulted in this thesis that includes the user interface for the new system and the business processes that are linked to this. The work will focus on how these two methods are produced in relation to each other, and the methods that are used to construct them. The thesis includes illustrations of as-is and to-be process models of the BPMN specification, wireframes and a sitemap. This report shows a proposal of an integrating system and an intuitive GUI with new processes, at Preem, and how the balance is between creating business processes and a graphical user interface out of each other, depending on the people who are involved in the project.

ABB Power Grids Grid Integration, PGGI, deliver substations to external customers, the performed work is done in project form and all the projects are being tracked by several Key Performance Indicators, KPI. In this Thesis work one KPI will be investigated, which is OTD. The OTD is in form of 17 standardized milestones that are set from ABB to support the PGGI-project’s on-time-delivery. The problem that shall be investigated is the downward trend discovered regarding the OTD for the 17 milestones. This downward trend means that the PGGI-project’s ability to deliver on time is decreasing. To take on the problem a status analysis to achieve a picture of the current situation regarding the 17 milestones was done, the current situation is called As-Is. An analyze of the targeted situation regarding the milestones was also performed, which is called To-Be. When these two were made an analysis between them was also done. The result from this was that a gap between the As-Is and the To-Be situation exists. The reasons for this gap are; deficiencies in knowledge and lack of understanding regarding OTD, reporting, and unreliable data regarding the 17 milestones. Thereafter a roadmap was developed to suggest how the notified gap between As-Is and To-Be situation can be reduced and possibly be eliminated. This roadmap contains 7 improvement suggestion and an implementation plan for how some of the suggestions is recommended to be managed. This goes out to the company to perspicuous illustrate the shown gap and how to minimize it. Lean philosophy and Statistical Process Control laid as foundation for the developed improvement suggestions. An implementation of the roadmap as a template for the improvement suggestions that were developed are therefore suggested as further work. / ABB Power Grids Grid Integration, PGGI, levererar transformatorstationer till externa kunder, arbetet som utförs är i projektform. Alla projekt följs upp via nyckeltal, nyckeltalet OTD som ska undersökas i detta examensarbete är i form av 17 stycken standardiserade milstolpar satta från ABB för att stötta PGGI-projektens leveranssäkerhet. Problemet som ska redas ut är den nedåtgående trenden som upptäckts i leveranssäkerheten hos de 17 milstolparna. För att ta an detta gjordes en nulägesbeskrivning samt en börlägesbeskrivning, detta visade ett gap i arbetssättet gällande de 17 milstolparna. En analys av gapet mellan nuläge och börläge genomfördes, i analysen upptäcktes brister i kunskap, förståelse, rapportering samt opålitlig data gällande de 17 milstolparna. Därefter utvecklades en plan för att föreslå hur gapet mellan börläge och nuläge ska minska för att sedan elimineras. Lean filosofi, Lean verktyg samt Statistisk Process Styrning låg som grund för de framtagna förbättringsförslagen. Den framtagna planen är tänkt att användas som grund för vidare arbete med förbättringsförslagen som tagits fram.

<p>This master thesis has been written at the School of Mathematics and System Engineering (MSI) at Växjö University in the field of computer science. IT security has become one of the main topics of every enterprise since they all use information technology in their business. Investments have to be done in order to achieve a high protection status of the IT environments. Specially small and medium-sized enterprises need more knowledge and advisory how to handle their IT security. This thesis analyses management tools that have the goal to improve the IT security. The second and main part of the thesis is the design of a tool that should helps to solve the described problems.</p>

Syftet med denna uppsats är att i en jämförande studie utreda skillnaderna beträffande gällande rätt avseende upplysningsskyldigheten för säljaren vid fastighetsköp respektive vid köp av lös egendom. Uppsatsen ska även utreda huruvida skillnaderna är motiverade för säljaren av en vara. Någon bestämmelse som tar sikte på säljarens upplysningsskyldighet finns inte i 4 kap. JB. Av förarbetena framgår det att undersökningsplikten är utgångspunkten för felansvaret och att det inte finns någon generell upplysningsskyldighet för säljaren. I NJA 2007 s. 86 ansågs det motiverat att frångå gängse riskfördelning och ålägga fastighetssäljaren en upplysningsskyldighet, vilken tillsynes verkar ha en generell karaktär. I nämnda rättsfall dras paralleller med avtalsvillkoret i 19 § 1 st. 2 p. KöpL, som ger ett visst mått av upplysningsskyldighet. Inom doktrin är det omdiskuterat om säljaren i vissa situationer ska ha en sådan skyldighet. Efter avgörandet i NJA 2007 s. 86 kan det fastställas att det nu etablerats en upplysningsskyldighet vid sidan av AvtL:s ogiltighetsregler. Mot bakgrund av förarbetena, praxis och doktrin som behandlats gällande 19 § KöpL kan det konstateras att det inte finns ett klart stöd för att säljarens upplysningsskyldighet går vid sidan av AvtL:s ogiltighetsregler. Fastighetssäljaren ansvarar efter NJA 2007 s. 86 redan vid den lägre graden ohederlighet, vilket kan anses ha skapat en slags diskrepans mellan säljaren av lös egendom och fastighetssäljaren. Min sammantagna slutsats blir därmed att de skillnader som nu skapats i gällande rätt beträffande säljarens upplysningsskyldighet vid försäljning av en vara inte är motiverade, med hänsyn till den diskrepans som nu skapats mellan egendomsslagen och som inte kan undgå att betecknas som en generell upplysningsskyldighet för fastighetssäljaren. / The purpose of this thesis is to, in a comparative study, examine differences in the law concerning the obligation for a vendor to inform at real estate purchase and purchase of movable property. The thesis shall also examine whether the differences are justified for the vendor of goods. A provision that refers to the seller's obligation to inform doesn’t exist in ch. 4 JB. The legislative history shows that the buyer’s obligation to inspect is the basis for the allocation of liability and that there isn’t a general obligation for the vendor to inform. In NJA 2007 p. 86, it was considered justifiable to depart from the usual risk allocation and impose a real estate vendor an obligation to inform, which seems to be general. The case mentioned above draws parallels with the contractual term of 19 § 1p. (2) AvtL, which gives a certain degree of obligation to inform. In doctrine, it’s debated whether the vendor in some situations should have such an obligation. After the ruling in NJA 2007 p. 86, an obligation to inform alongside AvtL’s rules on invalidity has now been established. With regard to legislative history, case law and doctrine examined concerning 19 § 1p. (2) AvtL, it can be concluded that there isn’t a clear support that the vendor’s obligation to inform goes alongside the AvtL’s rules on invalidity. The vendor of real estate is liable now by NJA 2007 p. 86 already at the lower degree of dishonesty, which might have created a sort of discrepancy between the vendor of movable property and the vendor of real estate. My overall conclusion is therefore that the current differences created in the law regarding the vendor's obligation to inform when vending goods can’t be justified, having regard to the discrepancy that emerged between asset classes and which can’t avoid to qualify as a general obligation to inform for the vendor of real estate.

Submitted by Jorge Gonçalves Silva (jgsilvaadv.rj@gmail.com) on 2014-09-09T22:19:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GESTÃO POR PROCESSO EM ORGANIZAÇÕES PÚBLICAS - Uma análise sobre obstrutores e facilitadores do Mapeamento de Processo em- (2).pdf: 873582 bytes, checksum: f401b157bafec2ee228bedee86109004 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2014-09-10T15:39:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GESTÃO POR PROCESSO EM ORGANIZAÇÕES PÚBLICAS - Uma análise sobre obstrutores e facilitadores do Mapeamento de Processo em- (2).pdf: 873582 bytes, checksum: f401b157bafec2ee228bedee86109004 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Almeida (maria.socorro@fgv.br) on 2014-09-18T17:55:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GESTÃO POR PROCESSO EM ORGANIZAÇÕES PÚBLICAS - Uma análise sobre obstrutores e facilitadores do Mapeamento de Processo em- (2).pdf: 873582 bytes, checksum: f401b157bafec2ee228bedee86109004 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-18T17:58:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GESTÃO POR PROCESSO EM ORGANIZAÇÕES PÚBLICAS - Uma análise sobre obstrutores e facilitadores do Mapeamento de Processo em- (2).pdf: 873582 bytes, checksum: f401b157bafec2ee228bedee86109004 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-28 / Essa dissertação analisa os pontos críticos alertados pela bibliografia e que causam obstruções ou que facilitam a implantar a gestão de BPM, verifica suas incidências nos casos estudados e as variantes que esses pontos sofreram por decorrência do cenário distinto do ambiente privado, visualizando a aplicação do estudo para projetos em organizações públicas e mistas. A análise foi efetuada através dos relatos extraídos das entrevistas com os gestores e consultores de três organizações que contrataram projetos de mapeamentos de processos pela FGV-Projetos: SEBRAE-RJ – Sistema Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas; FAETEC – Fundação de Apoio à Escola Técnica do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; e uma SECRETARIA MUNICIPAL. O foco dessa dissertação está limitado à fase de mapeamento do processo existente (AS-IS) o reflexo em outras fases. O estudo fornece um conjunto de comparações, que ora corrobora a incidência dos fatores e observações constantes na literatura técnica, e em outros casos, constata-se que na prática houve um comportamento diferente. As avaliações feitas nesse trabalho podem sofrer variantes decorrentes do quantitativo de ambientes pesquisados que representam três amostras de organizações onde tiveram respostas aos projetos realizados diferentes umas das outras, embora tivessem tido o mesmo padrão de consultoria. As conclusões buscam aumentar a consciência para os principais desafios relacionados à introdução da modelagem de processos, e visa ajudar a identificar e evitara incidência dos obstrutores nas peculiaridades das organizações públicas e mistas assim melhorar quando da introdução da gestão de BPM em Organizações desse tipo no Brasil.

This master thesis has been written at the School of Mathematics and System Engineering (MSI) at Växjö University in the field of computer science. IT security has become one of the main topics of every enterprise since they all use information technology in their business. Investments have to be done in order to achieve a high protection status of the IT environments. Specially small and medium-sized enterprises need more knowledge and advisory how to handle their IT security. This thesis analyses management tools that have the goal to improve the IT security. The second and main part of the thesis is the design of a tool that should helps to solve the described problems.

Dans le contexte actuel, la transformation de l’outil industriel par l’intermédiaire de nouveaux paradigmes de performance tels qu’Usine du Futur (Factory of the Future FoF), Industry 4.0 (I4.0) ou encore Smart Factory (SF) est au cœur des préoccupations actuelles des industriels. Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse portent sur la problématique de passage d’une situation spécifique existante (AS-IS) vers une situation cible type Usine du Futur (TO-BE) en prenant en compte la situation souhaitée AS-WISHED et les contraintes de ressources. Dans ce cadre, la principale contribution porte sur une approche reposant sur un modèle de co-évolution permettant de guider ce projet de transition au sein de l’organisation. Sur la base des travaux de Tolio et al. (2010), nous avons proposé un modèle de co-évolution amélioré en intégrant le niveau stratégique, le rôle du système d’information (SI) et celui de la place l’homme. Sur le plan théorique, le nouveau modèle de co-evolution aborde 3 domaines Produit/Production/SI qui sont structurés en deux niveaux d’analyse : externe (stratégique) et interne (structurel). L’ensemble de 6 sous-domaines comportent chacun 3 composants couvrant les choix relatifs à chaque sous-domaine et niveau d’analyse. Sur le plan managérial, la gestion de la co-évolution réside dans la modélisation des ces composants. Ensuite, nous caractérisons des liens de co-évolution existants entre les différents sous-domaines du modèle de co-évolution proposé. La démarche d’exploitation du modèle de co-évolution comporte trois étapes et considère les contraintes opérationnelles et les contraintes dites de co-évolution liées à la gestion des liens ou impacts entrant en jeu dans la co-évolution. Il permet de passer progressivement des modèles AS-IS et AS-WISHED pour aboutir à un modèle TO-BE. / Within the current context, the transformation of industries through new paradigms of performance such as The Factory of the Future (FoF), Industry 4.0 (I 4.0) or even The Smart Factory (SF) is at the heart of the industrials’ current concerns. The present work address the problem of the transition from a specific situation (AS-IS) to a target situation alike FoF (TO-BE) considering the desired situation AS-WISHED and the resources constraints. In this line of action, the main contribution concerns an approach based on a co-evolution model enabling to guide manufacturing industries to perform such a transition. Based on the work of Tolio et al. (2010), we propose an enhanced co-evolution model that integrates the strategic level of decisions, the information system role (IS) and the role of the human workforce. From the theoretical perspective, this new model consists in 3 domains: Product design/ Manufacturing/ IS which are structured into two levels of analysis: external (strategic) and internal (operational). The resulting structure of 6 sub-domains is in turn composed of 3 components covering the decisions related to each sub-domain and level of analysis. From the management perspective, the management of co-evolution relies on the modelling of their components. Hence, we exploit the modelling language constructs of the ISO 19440 (2007) standard for the internal components. Then, we characterize the existing co-evolution links between the different sub-domains of the proposed co-evolution model. At last, a 3 phase approach enabling to exploit the enhanced co-evolution model is proposed. It considers the feasibility constraints and the co-evolution constraints linked to the management of the links or impacts that came into play in the co-evolution. As such, it enables to work out progressively a feasible TO-BE model.

The aim of this thesis was to provide manager of a particular e-shop a practical overview of the current state of strategic and operational management and to suggest possible solutions to discovered imperfections. Within the analysis of the current state following assessments has been accomplished: evaluations of company's vision, related goals, design and implementation of the strategy, organizational structure and set of procedures in the company, analysis of jobs activities and full time equivalent analysis. In addition, key business processes of the community e-shop have been mapped with employees and costs were assigned to their various activities, thereby to obtain quantification of the average cost per order. Steps were designed to optimise key processes to improve e-shop's operational efficiency.

This thesis addresses the problem of registering one point set with respect to another. This problem arises in the context of the use of CMM/Scanners to inspect objects especially with freeform surfaces. The tolerance verification process now requires the comparison of measured points with the nominal geometry. This entails placement of the measured point set in the same reference frame as the nominal model. This problem is referred to as the registration or localization problem. In the most general form the tolerance verification task involves registering multiple point sets corresponding to multi-step scan of an object with respect to the nominal CAD model. This problem is addressed in three phases. This thesis presents a novel approach to automated inspection by matching point sets based on the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm. The Modified ICP (MICP) algorithm presented in the thesis improves upon the existing methods through the use of a localized region based triangulation technique to obtain correspondences for all the inspection points and achieves dramatic reduction in computational effort. The use of point sets to represent the nominal surface and shapes enables handling different systems and formats. Next, the thesis addresses the important problem of establishing registration between point sets in different reference frames when the initial relative pose between them is significantly large. A novel initial pose invariant methodology has been developed. Finally, the above approach is extended to registration of multiview inspection data sets based on acquisition of transformation information of each inspection view using the virtual gauging concept. This thesis describes implementation to address each of these problems in the area of automated registration and verification leading towards automatic inspection.