The Jaguar Baby vessels belong to a large corpus of Late Classic Maya pictorial ceramics dubbed Codex-style pottery and originating from archaeological sites, such as El Mirador and Nakbe, in the north-central area of Peten, Guatemala, where they were made for a brief period shortly before and/or after the turn of the eighth century AD. Through strategic juxtapositions of images and words, the vessels convey the story of a rain god and a death spirit who, in the darkness between the sun’s setting and dawn, sacrifice an infant, a jaguar, or an infant with jaguar traits on a mountain in the midst of water, as an offering during the conjuring of an elderly deity. New evidence from a fragmentary Codex-style vessel recovered from the site of Calakmul in the southern half of Campeche, Mexico, suggests that the sacrifice is part of a pre-accession ritual serving to endow royal heirs with the ability to conjure, which, in turn, was integral to assuming the throne. / text

ix, 115 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / Friar Bernardino de Sahagún's Historia general de las cosas de la Nueva Espana, more commonly known as the Florentine Codex, begun in 1558, is arguably the most comprehensive source of information concerning the pre-colonial and colonial indigenous cultures of New Spain. This compilation, produced both by Sahagún and indigenous aides, documents the convergence of Aztec and European cultures. As such it represents the hybrid nature of colonial culture and is best approached from an understanding of both its European and Aztec influences. It is the aim of this thesis to consider the Florentine Codex, and Book Eleven ("Earthly Things") specifically, in the context of the European bestiary tradition. This thesis will illuminate Sahagún's role as a Franciscan missionary and the ways in which he utilized Aztec animal imagery syncretically, for the purpose of evangelization. Analysis takes the form of case studies concerning the jaguar, birds, and serpents. / Committee in Charge: Dr. James Harper, Chair; Dr. Lauren Kilroy; Dr. Robert Haskett

La reconnaissance par le droit du développement durable ne parvient pas à masquer l’absence de valeur juridique de cette notion. N’étant pas directement applicable, elle se révèle être une ligne directrice guidant les gouvernants, mais sa traduction en actes peine à se manifester. En raison de son impact environnemental, social et économique, l’agriculture, et plus particulièrement celle destinée à l’alimentation, fait figure de terrain idéal à l’analyse du développement durable. L’intensification des échanges internationaux de produits agroalimentaires, loin de se faire de façon anarchique, se fait dans le cadre d’accords bilatéraux ou multilatéraux. L’OMC, organisation multilatérale par excellence, joue un rôle majeur en la matière, mais limite son action à la régulation du commerce international. Dans cette quête du développement durable, le rôle des consommateurs n’est pas à négliger ; en raison de leur poids économique, ils peuvent contribuer à cet objectif. Toutefois, malgré l’encadrement juridique, ils se trouvent devant une multiplication d’informations accompagnant les denrées alimentaires vantant leurs différents mérites et leur éventuelle contribution au développement durable. L’analyse de l’encadrement juridique de la denrée agroalimentaire à travers le prisme du développement durable permet, d’une part, de l’aborder en tant que système pourvu d’une cohérence dépassant les barrières traditionnelles en droit, et d’autre part, de mettre en lumière les obstacles à l’avènement du développement durable en son sein. / Despite the fact that sustainable development has widely penetrated the legal domain, it remains non-binding. Indeed, this concept appears to be an objective driving political action, but it seems difficult to perceive its implementation into binding legal instruments. Because of its environmental, social and economic impacts, agriculture, particularly its activities related to the food industry, appears to be an appropriate field for analyzing sustainable development from a legal perspective. The intensification of international food trade is not the result of a chaotic international regulation: it is supported and regulated through multilateral/bilateral trade agreements and by international organizations. The WTO plays a paramount role in international trade regulation, but it seems that its competences do not expand beyond economical concerns. In this quest for sustainable development, consumers should not be forgotten. Their economic power enables them to promote sustainable development. However, despite several legal norms regulating food information, consumers have to deal with a tremendous amount of product statements, promoting their qualities and their compliance with sustainable development. The analysis of the legal frame of food stuff through a sustainable development viewpoint provides two key lessons. On one hand, this frame can be apprehended as a comprehensive system challenging traditional areas of law. On the other hand, it lightens impediments to achieving sustainable development.

Though discovered in 1945, the First Apocalypse of James from Nag Hammadi Codex V, 3 has received very little attention from the scholarly community. This is primarily due to the fragmentary condition of the text. Previous scholarly engagements with the text have led to the conclusion that the purpose of such a revelatory dialogue was to impart instructions for the ascent of the soul to one about to be martyred. The recent discovery of a second copy of the text simply titled “James” as part of the Tchacos Codex has led to not only a greater amount of scholarly interest, but also to different possible interpretations. From NHC V, 3 it was possible to ascertain a pre- and post- martyrdom revelation of Jesus to James, however, the text from Al Minya clearly shows a third revelatory section wherein the martyrdom of James is used as a means of revelation to Addai, the legendary founder of Eastern Syrian Christianity. Chapters one and two answer the question of why James was chosen as the protagonist of the narrative. In chapter one I look in detail at the literary construction of the martyrdom of James and problematize the development of the traditions. Chapter two then turns to a discussion of the figure of James as an authority in the developing Christian community. Chapters three and four are concerned with the literary classification of the text. Chapter three situates the First Apocalypse of James within the overarching genre of apocalyptic literature, and the specific sub-genre of gnostic apocalypses. Chapter four discusses how the text might be understood as a commission narrative while interrogating the lineage of descent beginning with the transmission of the revelation from James to Addai. Following this in chapter five I explore the cosmology of the text with particular attention to the ascent of the soul.

Representations and Imaginary of Intimity in the Medieval Literature Martin Šorm Abstract The thesis presents an analysis of a corpus of Old Czech literature, focusing on how intimacy was represented in the late Middle Ages (especially in the second half of the 15th century) and how the texts in question achieved intimate effects. The corpus is defined by the material preservation of the texts (the so-called Pinvička's ms., The National Museum Library, II F 8, from 1459-1463) and is extended with other units and individual texts enabling comparison (related manuscripts or close literary works, other language versions, chivalric epic, the genre of verse dispute, etc.). The thesis focuses on the techniques by which the texts sought to shape their audiences; it describes the ways in which the relationships between writing and reading, the intimate impact and the perceived connection of the individual with his or her surroundings, were articulated. Focusing on gender codes, it examines both the dominant - masculine - perspectives through which representations of the subject were determined, as well as the marginal models. It interprets the meaning and function of features typical of verse disputes in lyric heteroglossia, emphasizing the genre continuity and intertextuality that contributed to the impact of the...

This dissertation examines to what extent the transmission history of Codex Bezae’s Greek text of Acts shows awareness of the explicit quotations’ Old Testament origin, and to what extent this awareness played a role in the final formation of this manuscript’s text. The dissertation limits itself to explicit quotations from the Psalms, Isaiah and the Minor Prophets. Each explicit Old Testament quotation of these three books is discussed in the order of their appearance in Codex Bezae. In these discussions, special attention is paid to the layout of the text of the manuscript, the introductory formula of each explicit quotation and the text of each quotation as it appears in the codex. The aim of this discussion is to discern whether the variant readings and layout of the manuscript (i.e., variant as opposed to other Greek New Testament manuscripts) show Old Testament awareness or possible influence from the OT as opposed to the “initial” text of the New Testament. The variant readings of Codex Bezae are therefore measured against the pertinent Old Testament traditions (Hebrew, Greek and Latin). The aim of this investigation is to determine whether Old Testament awareness played any role in the formation of the text of Codex Bezae, not necessarily to solve textual difficulties in the given explicit quotations. By paying close attention to the awareness of the Old Testament in the Bezan tradition, an opportunity is afforded to glimpse into the stages of the transmission history of this text, to learn more about its users and the users of the text of previous manuscripts in its tradition, and to discover more about how the Old Testament was perceived in the early stages of Christianity. / Thesis (DD)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / New Testament Studies / unrestricted

This thesis examines the changes Spain was forced to make toward their colonial patterns due to Nahua resistance. Each chapter assesses different periods during the colonial era, tracing how the Virgin of Guadalupe's meaning changed according to Spanish colonial needs.

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Les comportements des entreprises envers les organisations intergouvernementales (O.I.G.) sont peu étudiés. Nous proposons de comprendre en quoi les O.I.G. et leurs processus de décision sont un contexte particulier pour les entreprises et d'étudier quelles stratégies politiques les entreprises y mènent. La recherche est exploratoire et s'appuie sur cinq études de cas d'élaboration de normes par le Codex Alimentarius. Le modèle décisionnel de la poubelle et le concept d'organisations faiblement couplées permettent de voir les O.I.G. comme des lieux d'" indécision ponctuée de décisions". Les stratégies politiques menées vis-à-vis des O.I.G. combinent lobbying national et entrée dans la négociation internationale, nous les qualifions de " meta-lobbying " Une relation de " coopération nationale ", liée à la négociation internationale, peut s'établir entre l'administration et les entreprises. Des compléments aux travaux sur les ressources politiques des entreprises sont aussi apportés

Zugl.: Hagen, FernUniversiẗat, Diss., 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 347-364).