Esta dissertação trata de uma pesquisa empírica que tem como principais objetivos identificar na literatura os determinantes de satisfação de usuários de Governo Eletrônico e aplicar o modelo proposto aos usuários do portal de Cabo Verde. O estudo dos modelos de satisfação dos usuários de Governo Eletrônico foi realizado através de pesquisa bibliográfica. Enquanto que para avaliar a satisfação do usuário do portal do governo de Cabo Verde foi adotada a pesquisa quantitativa. Foi selecionado para esse estudo os modelos de avaliação de satisfação do usuário do Governo Eletrônico dos autores Alawneh, Al-Refai e Batiha (2013), no Artigo: Measuring user satisfaction from e-Government services: Lessons from Jordan, e Damian (2012), na sua tese de doutorado: Um modelo para análise de sites de governos eletrônicos. O modelo adaptado é composto por cinco dimensões: segurança e privacidade, confiabilidade, acessibilidade, divulgação dos serviços disponíveis no portal de e-gov e agilidade dos serviços públicos. Os dados da pesquisa foram coletados através de aplicação de questionários enviados por meio eletrônico aos usuários cadastrados no portal. Os métodos propostos para a análise de dados foram a análise descritiva, a análise fatorial e a análise fatorial confirmatória para analisar a satisfação dos usuários como um todo. A pesquisa obteve 250 respostas completas, sendo que 29 respondentes afirmaram que nunca utilizaram o portal e 221 afirmaram que usavam o portal. Como resultado principal observou-se que todas as medidas utilizadas no estudo estão dentro dos valores aceitáveis na literatura, o que demonstra que a escala em estudo é confiável e válida para medir a satisfação do usuário do Governo Eletrônico. Contudo, esses resultados foram relevantes para fornecer as principais contribuições teóricas e práticas em relação a satisfação dos usuários do Governo Eletrônico. / This dissertation is an empirical research that has as main objective identify in the literature the determinants of e-government users satisfaction and implement the proposed model to the Cape Verde portal users. The study of models of e-government user satisfaction was achieved through literature. While to evaluate user satisfaction of the Cape Verde government portal was adopted quantitative research. For this study it was selected the assessment models of user satisfaction of e-government of the authors Alawneh , Al - Refai and Batiha (2013 ) , in the Article : Measuring user satisfaction from e-government services: Lessons from Jordan , and Damian (2012 ) in his doctoral thesis : a model for analysis of electronic government websites . The adapted model consists of five dimensions : security and privacy , reliability , accessibility , publicizing the services available on the portal of e- gov and agility of public services . The research data were collected through questionnaires sent electronically to the registered users on the portal. The proposed methods for data analysis were descriptive analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis to analyze user satisfaction factor analysis as a whole. The search obtained 250 complete responses, while 29 respondents said they never used the portal and 221 said they used the portal. As main result it was observed that all measures used in the study are within acceptable values in the literature, which shows that the scale in study is reliable and valid to measure e-government user satisfaction. However, these results were relevant to provide the major theoretical and practical contributions towards user satisfaction of e-government.

Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS) / Remittances inflows have gradually become one of the major sources of external financial inflows to developing countries. As a result, research abounds on the developmental effects of remittances in the home countries of migrants. At the micro level, recipients of remittances are more likely to have better access to quality health care, education as well as start-up fund for their own businesses. On the other hand at the macro level, remittances inflows can help increase the credit worthiness of countries by enabling them to use future remittances inflows as collateral for loans. Additionally, remittances inflows as a source of foreign exchange can be used by countries to fund import bills. Although there has been a surge of scholarship on remittances, this scholarship seems to be concentrated on the economic study of migration instead of the macroeconomic aspects of remittances. Furthermore, comparative studies on these macroeconomic aspects of remittances especially on African countries are underresearched and remains at the backwaters of academic study. Using quantitative time series data, this research seeks to do a comparative study on the countercyclical nature of remittances in four selected West African countries (Cameroon, Cape Verde, Nigeria and Senegal). The research used descriptive trend analysis, autocorrelation and an ARMAX model analyse the research problem. After critical analysis on whether remittances are countercyclical or not using the 2009 global financial crisis as a reference year in these four countries, it was found that, remittance inflows to Cameroon, Cape Verde, Nigeria and Senegal were pro-cyclical in nature. Moreover, in analysing the relationship between remittances inflows and gross domestic product (economic growth) the research revealed that there was a positive relationship between remittances inflows and economic growth for the four countries (Cameroon, Cape Verde, Nigeria and Senegal) observed. One recommendation given from this study is that, there is the need for remittances inflows to be invested in productive activities. This is because even if remittances continue to increase, without its investment in productive sectors, it cannot have any meaningful impact on economic growth in these countries.

see document / Master of Science

D’un pays d'émigrants, le Cap-Vert a commencé dans les années 90, en particulier dans la seconde moitié, à recevoir les étrangers, en particulier ceux des pays voisins de la CEDEAO, suite à l'accord de la libre circulation des personnes inscrites dans le Protocole de la libre circulation ratifié par le Cap-Vert. Le pays est devenu un pôle d'attraction de travailleurs étrangers suite à l'essor du tourisme et des activités connexes, notamment la construction civile et les travaux publics, le commerce, l´hôtellerie et la restauration.<p>L´objectif de ce travail vise à analyser la construction des images de l'immigration en provenance de pays membres de la CEDEAO au Cap-Vert, les représentations et les attitudes réciproques à l´égard de ce phénomène et les contextes dans lesquels elles se produisent. L'hypothèse de base est qu´on est dans un pays où les autochtones ont toujours vécu avec des étrangers, pas dans leur pays d´origine, mais dans des nombreuses destinations d'émigration. De même, cette coexistence, que fut la plupart du temps avec les Européens et les Américains blancs, commence à s´établir avec les voisins du continent, non pas dans un pays tiers mais au Cap Vert. Par conséquent, l'objectif est de comprendre les relations entre les groupes sociaux, nationaux et immigrés, à la suite de la fixation et l'insertion des immigrés dans les secteurs socio-économiques nationaux, particulièrement dans le marché du travail, où on trouve un taux de chômage élevé.<p>Cette étude est fondée sur un dialogue avec les théories des migrations internationales et les théories des représentations sociales et qui soutiennent la thèse.<p><p>From a country of emigrants, Cape Verde transformed into a country of immigrants during the 90’s, mainly in the second half of that decade. The country started receiving immigrants especially from the neighbourhood countries of the ECOWAS region, due to the free movement of people subscribed in the Protocol of movement of people ratified by Cape Verde. The country has been a focus of attraction of labour workers following the boom in tourism and related activities, including construction and public works, commerce, hotels, and restaurants services. <p>This work has the main objective to analyse the construction of the images of the people coming from the ECOWAS countries members in Cape Verde, the representations and reciprocal attitudes in relation to this phenomenon and the contexts in which they occur. It is assumed that we are in a country where the local population always interacted with foreigners not in their origins but in the various migratory destinations. Similarly, this coexistence that happened mainly with white Europeans and Americans is happening with the neighbours of the continent. Consequently, it is intended to understand the relationships the social groups, nationals and immigrants establish among them as a result of establishment and insertion in the national socioeconomic sectors, mainly at the labour market, where, along with high unemployment rate, it is, verified a massive inclusion of the ECOWAS foreigners. <p>The current study is based on a dialogue with the international migration theories and the social representation theories that will support the thesis. <p><p><p> / Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The volcanic Island of Fogo that is situated near the end of the southern island chain in the archipelago of Cape Verde is one of the most active oceanic volcanoes in the world. The purpose of this study was to investigate temporal variations in lavas from Fogo by using whole rock major and trace elements and describe trends in magmatic differentiation, melting systematics and mantle source compositions. Further, for the first time Fogo lavas have been investigated by using 18O isotopes, to test for crustal assimilation and source variations. The time span for this study includes one sample of unknown prehistoric age and then from 1799 and onward all eruptions including the most recent in 2014-2015 are covered. The Fogo lavas are mafic, alkali rich, porphyritic, basanite-tephrites dominated by clinopyroxene phenocrysts followed by olivine and opaque phases situated within glass and microcrystalline groundmass.  Fractional crystallization and phenocryst accumulation is important mechanisms for magmatic differentiation, and the best result from fractional crystallization modelling gave a crystallizing assemblage of 20.7 % clinopyroxene, 5.4 % olivine, 4.2 % Fe-Ti oxides and 0.8 % apatite. Temporal variations in MgO content reveal a trend that change from more evolved lavas in older historic eruptions, to more primitive compositions in lavas from the middle of the 19th century, back to more evolved compositions in recent eruptions. Oxygen isotopes of glass and microcrystalline groundmass vary within a normal upper mantle range (δ18O = 5.7±0.3 ‰) which rule out any significant crustal assimilation, and the variations observed for the oxygen isotopes are probably related to source variations as there are tendencies towards covariation with source lithology proxies. Trace element ratios together with high TiO2 contents indicate that pyroxenite is an important source lithology. The Fogo lavas are highly enriched in incompatible elements and utilizing a simple batch melting model suggests ~2-4 % degree of melt for most sampled eruptions. In addition, melting is occurring at high pressures in the presence of residual garnet as the REE are fractionated. Trace element ratios of Ce/Pb and Zr/Y in Fogo lavas are consistent with mixing of a HIMU-like and an EM 1-like mantle source. There are also indications of an increasing involvement of the EM 1-like source through time. Magma mixing is indicated by petrographic observations such as complex zonation patterns and the occurrence of rounded cores in euhedral clinopyroxenes, as well as inferred from a large scatter in certain trace element ratios. / Vulkanön Fogo som ligger nära änden av den sydvästra ökedjan i Kap Verdes skärgård är en av de mest aktiva vulkanerna i världen. Syften med denna studie var att undersöka den kemiska variationen i lava från Fogo över tid och koppla variationen till olika magmatiska processer i vulkanen. Lava från Fogo har dessutom i denna studie för första gången undersökts med hjälp av syreisotoper för att testa för inblandning av material från jordskorpan samt för variationer i manteln i jordens inre där lavan bildas. Denna studie omfattar en tid som sträcker sig från ett förhistoriskt icke tidsbestämt vulkanutbrott, samt från 1799 till och med det senaste utbrottet 2014-2015. Lava från Fogo i denna studie är basisk och relativt magnesiumrik samt rik på alkaliska ämnen och har en porfyrisk textur som innebär att större mineralkorn sitter inbäddade i en finkornig grundmassa. Detta är typiskt för ytliga vulkaniska bergarter som svalnat snabbt. Mineralsammansättningen i lavan domineras av silikatmineralen pyroxen följt av olivin tillsammans med vad som troligen är järn-titan oxider. Dessa mineraler sitter i en grundmassa som består av mikroskopiska mineralkristaller och av glas. Lavan från Fogo har spårämnen som tillsammans med en hög koncentration av titandioxid påvisar att pyroxenit smält i manteln där lavan producerats, till skillnad från peridotit som är vanligare förekommande. Lavan har producerats genom smältning i manteln under relativt högt tryck vilket är typiskt för den här typen av vulkanöar och är dessutom berikad i vissa spårämnen som beror på att bara en liten andel av manteln smält när lavan bildats. En enkel smältningsmodell beräknade att ca 2-4 % smältning av manteln kunde ge de observerade koncentrationerna av spårämnen. Öarna i Kap Verdes skärgård har en geografiskt varierande geokemisk karaktär som beror på att den underliggande manteln består av skilda mantelkomponenter med olika kemisk sammansättning. I lava från den södra ökedjan dit Fogo tillhör ingår en mantelkomponent som saknas i den övriga delen av skärgården. Spårämnen i lava från denna studie överensstämmer med en blandning av dessa mantelkomponenter, dessutom verkar det förekomma en tidsmässig variation av inblandning från respektive komponent. Det finns även bevis för att olika typer av magma blandats från t.ex. mikroskopistudier av mineraltexturer. Resultatet från de analyserade syreisotoperna visar på en variation inom vad som är normalt för övre delen av manteln (5,7 ± 0,3 ‰), vilket utesluter inblandning av större mängder material från jordskorpan. Den variation av syreisotoper som förekommer i lavan beror därför förmodligen på att manteln inte är enhetlig.

Esta pesquisa analisa comparativamente as personagens femininas dos contos de Ivone Aída e Orlanda Amarílis. Ambas as autoras revelam particularidades do cotidiano feminino cabo-verdiano na ilha e na diáspora. Em consonância com o propósito da hermenêutica do cotidiano que procura registrar aspectos concretos da vida de todos os dias, de homens e mulheres, o caráter dinâmico do conto ilumina nas obras de Orlanda Amarílis e Ivone Aída a história cultural caboverdiana e as identidades sociais nela inseridas pelo viés do estudo das relações de gênero. Analisando a situação social feminina vigente em Cabo Verde, durante longo tempo sob o signo da resignação e da obediência, concluímos que as escritoras propõem que o futuro aguardado deve levar em conta o presente das experiências, movido pela esperança concreta que não se esgota em uma realização particular, mas estimula constantemente a ação das mulheres que constroem o seu porvir e o do país. Consideramos a esperança concreta, patente nos textos literários analisados, como um sentimento mobilizador de práticas transformadoras das condições opressoras da sociedade frente aos discursos fatalistas, ampliando a compreensão do real e permitindo visualizar-se de maneira antecipatória uma nova realidade, em prol da construção de novas identidades. / This research analyzes comparatively the feminine characters of Ivone Aída and Orlanda Amarílis stories. Both authors expose particularities of daily Cape- Verdean women on the island and abroad. In harmony with the intention of the hermeneutics of daily activities intents to register concrete aspects of men and women´s life, the storys dynamism illuminates the work of Orlanda Amarílis and Ivone Aída cultural cape-Verdean history and inserted the social identities for the bias of the gender relations study. The current female social situation in Cape- Verde, in the name of the resignation and obedience, we conclude that the writers proposal about waited future, must consider current experiences, moved by concrete hope that does not expire in a private achievement, but constantly stimulates the womens actions to build their future. We consider the concrete hope, in the analyzed literary texts, as an inspired feeling of transforming practices of the oppressors conditions of society against the fatalistic speeches, to expand understanding of reality and allowing to see itself in a new reality, in order to build new identities.

Esta dissertação analisa a categoria espaço nos romances A árvore das palavras (1997), de Teolinda Gersão, e A candidata (2003), de Vera Duarte, com o objetivo de demonstrar como Cabo Verde e Moçambique, países pertencentes ao macrossistema de língua portuguesa, foram mapeados pelas narrativas, que acompanham a formação identitária das protagonistas e de suas respectivas nações. Diante disso, centramos as análises nas personagens femininas protagonistas das narrativas, Gita e Marina, por considerá-las sujeitos históricos imbricados no jogo de relações sociais e culturais, cuja interação se revela nas identidades constitutivas dessas nações. A investigação desenvolveu-se a partir da apresentação de dados biográficos, produção literária e algumas estratégias discursivas das autoras analisadas, para posteriormente pautar-se em categorias glissantianas como rizoma, acumulação, paisagem e poética da relação. Discutimos, também, a intersecção entre espaço e memória, com apoio de Halbwachs. Ressaltamos que, quando abordamos o percurso da protagonista Marina, optamos por fazêlo nos espaços que compõem o mundo caboverdiano: o arquipélago e a diáspora. Buscamos demonstrar, em nossa pesquisa, com a escritura de Teolinda Gersão e Vera Duarte, a partir de pontos de convergência e dissonância, contribuir para a apreensão dos espaços moçambicano e caboverdiano, em interface com o espaço cultural e político português, que opera ora como pólo de confronto (colonizador), ora como pólo de mediação (diáspora). / This dissertation examines the category space in the novels A árvore das palavras (1997), by Teolinda Gersão, and A candidata (2003), by Vera Duarte, with the aim of demonstrating how to Cape Verde and Mozambique, countries belonging to the macrosystem in Portuguese language, were mapped by narratives that accompany the formation of identity of the protagonists and their respective nations. Therefore, the analysis have focused on female characters, protagonists of the narratives, Gita and Marina, by considering them in historical subjects, interwoven set of social relations and cultural interaction which reveals the constitutive identities these nations. The research developed from the presentation of biographical literary and some discursive strategies that were analyzed into categories like rhizome, accumulation and poetics of relation by Glissants theory. It was also discussed the intersection between space and memory, with support from Halbwachss theory. It is emphasized that when we approach the journey of the protagonist Marina, it was chosen by spaces that make up the Cape Verdean world: the archipelago and the Diaspora. By this research was demonstrated how to build the deed of Teolinda Gersão and Vera Duarte from points of convergence and dissonance, contributed to the seizure of the areas of Mozambican and the Cape Verdean, interface with the Portuguese cultural and political space, which now operates as a center of confrontation (settler), sometimes as a center of mediation (diaspora).

Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo fazer uma reflexão sobre três revoltas dos rendeiros na ilha de Santiago em Cabo Verde, entre os anos de 1822 a 1910. Propõe mostrar a especificidade das revoltas dos Engenhos (1822), de Achada Falcão (1841) e de Ribeirão Manuel (1910), compreendendo além do panorama cultural, a importância das confrontações políticas, como elementos condicionadores dessas revoltas. Por outro lado, propõe demonstrar que além das causas econômicas e culturais apontadas pela historiografia, as revoltas foram buscar sua inspiração nas disputas políticas. Propõe ainda demonstrar como as elites políticas locais apropriaram das festas religiosas para mobilizar os rendeiros do interior da ilha de Santiago. Além disso, analisa como as revoltas dos rendeiros devem ser compreendidas a partir das reivindicações pelo livre acesso às terras cultivadas. / This work has as objective principal to do a reflection on three tenant farmers revolts in Santiago\'s island in Cape Verde, among the years from 1822 to 1910. He/she/you intends to show the specificity of the revolts of Engenhos (1822), of Achada Falcão (1841) and of Ribeirão Manuel (1910), understanding besides the cultural panorama, the importance of the political confrontations, as conditioning elements of those riots. On the other hand, he intends to demonstrate that, besides the economical and cultural causes pointed for the historiography, the revolts went to look for your inspiration in the political disputes, for occasion of the elections for positions inside of the clienteles. He intends to demonstrate as the politics local elites they still adapted of the religious parties to mobilize the tenant farmers of the interior of Santiago\'s island. Besides, it analyzes as the revolts of the tenant farmers understood starting from starting the revindications for the free access to the cultivated lands.

Esta dissertação, de caráter exploratório, se insere no campo dos estudos sobre a juventude. O principal objetivo foi investigar como os jovens, de ambos os sexos, oriundos de famílias dos estratos populares na ilha de Santiago, em Cabo Verde, vivem a transição da escola para o trabalho em um contexto de crescente exigência das qualificações escolares e profissionais na busca de acesso ao mercado de trabalho. Secundariamente, buscou-se compreender os sentidos e significados da qualificação profissional na vivência dessa fase de transição. O trabalho de campo baseou-se numa abordagem qualitativa e foi realizado durante o mês de janeiro de 2009. Após a observação das interações entre os jovens na escola - Centro de Formação Profissional da Variante -, e as conversas informais mantidas em vários espaços (dentro e fora da escola), foram realizadas entrevistas, através da aplicação de um formulário, com questões abertas e fechadas, inteiramente preenchido pelo pesquisador. Foram entrevistados 60 jovens, com idades variando entre 18 e 28 anos, que freqüentavam o curso de qualificação profissional. O recurso a esse método correspondeu à intenção de captar, através das percepções dos próprios jovens, a diversidade dos seus percursos na vivência da transição escola-trabalho. Para compreender tal diversidade, forjada em um permanente processo de aprendizagem, foi utilizado o conceito de socialização na perspectiva de Peter Berger e Thomas Luckmann. As noções de prova e de suporte de Danilo Martuccelli foram importantes para compreender a heterogeneidade desses jovens, diante dos desafios enfrentados nessa fase em que buscam se constituir como indivíduos. / This exploratory dissertation targets the study of youth. The key objective of the study was to research on how young people, both sexes, from low income families in Santiago island, in Cape Verde, live the transition from school to work in context of a growing demand for educational and professional qualifications while pursuing the access to labor market. Secondarily, it sought to understand the meaning and significance of professional qualifications for young people within this transitional moment. The field work lied on qualitative studies methods and it was carried out during the month of January 2009. After observing the interaction between young people at the school setting Centro de Formação Profissional da Variante -, and having some informal talks in and out of the school setting, some interviews were carried out by applying an interview protocol form, with open as well as closed questions, fully filled by the researcher. Sixty people aged 18-28 who were enrolled the professional qualifying courses were interviewed. The use of this method was to capture the diversity of the young people school-work transition experience through the perception of these young people themselves. To understand such diversity, built in a permanent learning process, the socialization concept by Peter Berger and Thomas Luckamann was applied. The concepts of proof and support by Danilo Martuccelli were important to understand the heterogeneity of these young people in the course of the challenges they face within the process of turning themselves into individuals.

Cabo Verde tem registrado um crescimento considerável em nível da subregião Oeste africana, apesar dos enormes desafios que o país apresenta, tais como escassez de água potável, de energia, de saneamento básico, deficiente infraestrutura, limitados recursos naturais, materiais e humanos. Este trabalho analisa as perspectivas e as alternativas para a economia de Cabo Verde, tendo em conta esses enormes desafios. Para este propósito, o trabalho inicia com a problemática do (sub)desenvolvimento, onde além de uma discussão teórica do assunto, se aborda a questão dos pequenos estados insulares da qual Cabo Verde faz parte e as oportunidades de desenvolvimento que ainda restam aos subdesenvolvidos. Em seguida, apresenta-se um histórico da economia de Cabo Verde, com destaque para os vários momentos verificados desde o período antes da independência até os dias de hoje. Depois se discutem alguns aspetos considerados relevantes da economia Cabo-verdiana, como as contas nacionais, a estrutura do emprego e de desemprego, a caracterização de alguns setores de atividade econômica e, também, faz-se uma análise do desempenho da economia. Por fim, no capítulo 5 discute-se a importância das relações internacionais do país, avaliam-se os desafios que o país enfrenta, as perspectivas de desenvolvimento face a esses desafios, e as alternativas de desenvolvimento, tendo por base o turismo, a ajuda pública ao desenvolvimento (APD), o investimento direto externo (IDE) e as remessas dos emigrantes (RE). Os resultados obtidos neste estudo sugerem que o país, apesar de melhoras significativas em diversas áreas de desenvolvimento, fato comprovado pela recente elevação a País de Rendimento Médio (PRM), o país apresenta ainda enormes desequilíbrios e distorções no seu processo de desenvolvimento. Evidencia-se neste trabalho que, apesar dos constantes desafios e constrangimentos que o país enfrenta, e apesar das alternativas de desenvolvimento se basearem nos fatores externos que não estão sob total controle do país, as perspectivas de desenvolvimento são bastante favoráveis. / Cape Verde has experienced considerable growth in the sub-region of West Africa which is a part, despite the enormous challenges the country presents, such as scarcity of water, energy, sanitation, lack of infrastructure, lack of natural resources, limited human and material resources. This paper analyzes the prospects and the alternatives for the economy of Cape Verde, given these enormous challenges. For this purpose, this work begins with the problem of the (under) development, where in addition to a theoretical discussion of the subject, addressing the issue of small island states which Cape Verde made part and the development opportunities that remain for developing countries. Then comes a history of Cape Verde's economy by addressing various events occurred since the period before independence until today. After that, it is considered some relevant aspects of the Cape Verde economy, such as national accounts, the structure of employment and unemployment, the characterization of certain sectors of economic activity, and also an analysis of economic performance. Finally, in Chapter 5 discusses the importance of the international relations of the country, to assess the challenges facing the country, prospects for development with these challenges, and the alternatives of development, based on tourism, Help official development assistance (ODA), foreign direct investment (FDI) and remittances (RE). The results of this work suggest that the country, despite significant improvements in several areas of the development, proven by the recent graduate to Middle Income Country (MIC), the country still has huge imbalances and distortions in its development process. Evidence in this work, despite the continuing challenges and constraints facing the country, despite the development alternatives are based on the external factors that are not under total control of the country, the development prospects are quite favorable.