The main purpose of the thesis is: on the basis of an analysis and interpretation of Plato's Dialogues, to describe his personal characteristics in its relation to his pedagogic reality, and, on the basis of these descriptions, to analyse and interpret his teaching methods as a result of two different processes. The scientific perspectives of the thesis are inspired by hermeneutic philosophy of history and especially by the theories of Paul Ricoeur and Hans-Georg Gadamer. Furthermore, the perspective is grounded on three concepts of pedagogics, by the help of which both explicit and implicit pedagogic processes are analysed. In order to interrelate the interpretations some analytical and interpretational models have been used, based on Ricoeur's mimesis concept and his theory of narrative identity. The final interpretations maintain that a particular line runs through Plato's teaching, and that its goal is intellectual autonomy and a change in the pupil's whole view of the world, which implies a fusion between intellect and existential experience. This line shows that Plato teaches in both a sensual and spiritual dimension and that these processes, though contrasted, function in parallel. The goal of intellectual autonomy demonstrates how Plato breaks with his culture and by doing so recommends solitude - something quite revolutionary in an age when the group, a strong sense of community and of being one of Us sets its stamp on everyones mentality. An interpretation of the Symposium shows how any change in world view calls for a combination of existential experience and thought. The main principal features in Plato's teaching methods are presented as preparation, change, liberation and wisdom.

Bakgrund: Sedan år 1945 har obesitas tredubblats globalt och år 2016 hade mer än 650 miljoner människor obesitas. Tillståndet resulterar i minst 2,8 miljoner människors död årligen och överstiger antalet dödsfall relaterat till undernäring. Det förekommer stigmatisering kring obesitas vilket påverkar de utsattas fysiska och psykiska hälsa negativt. Individer med obesitas upplever generellt en sämre livskvalitet. Obesitaskirurgi har blivit ett frekvent verktyg för att stävja obesitasepidemin. En beteendeförändring krävs efter obesitaskirurgi för en bestående viktnedgången. KASAM är centralt vid hälsa och huruvida en individ är kapabel att röra sig mot hälsa vid närvaro av stressorer. Syfte: Att beskriva patienters erfarenheter av livet efter obesitaskirurgi. Metod: En litteraturbaserad studie där datamaterialet bestod av tolv kvalitativa artiklar. Resultat: Ur analysen av datamaterialet framträdde tre huvudkategorier; från kaos till kontroll, ett förändrat tankesätt och ett förändrat liv och nio underkategorier. Konklusion: Livet efter obesitaskirurgi var komplext och det fanns skillnader i hur kapabla deltagare var att förändra sitt beteende. Sjuksköterskan behöver ha ett helhetsperspektiv och individanpassa stödet. / Background: Since 1945 obesity has tripled globally and exceeds more than 650 million people in 2016. It results in at least 2.8 million deaths annually and surpass the deaths followed by starvation. There is stigmatization around obesity which may adversely affect the physical and psychological health of the victims. Obese people generally experiences a poorer quality of life. Bariatric surgery has become an increasingly used tool to curb the ongoing obesity epidemic. A behavioural change is required after surgery in order for the weight loss to persist. A sense of coherence is central to health and whether an individual is capable of moving towards health in the presence of stressors. Aim: To describe patient’s experiences of life after bariatric surgery. Method: A literature based study where the data consisted of twelve qualitative articles. Results: From the analysis three categories emerged; from chaos to control, a changed mindset and a changed life and nine subcategories. Conclusion: Life after bariatric surgery was complex and there were differences in capability regarding changing ones behaviour. Nurses need to have a holistic perspective and individualise the support.

Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Ambiental, Instituto de Educação, 2005. / Submitted by eloisa silva (eloisa1_silva@yahoo.com.br) on 2012-09-17T19:59:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao sn.pdf: 1183476 bytes, checksum: 0afcb61bd00e964668a4ed9f7f2170c4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2012-12-02T12:57:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao sn.pdf: 1183476 bytes, checksum: 0afcb61bd00e964668a4ed9f7f2170c4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-12-02T12:57:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao sn.pdf: 1183476 bytes, checksum: 0afcb61bd00e964668a4ed9f7f2170c4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / O presente estudo de caso tem como objetivo compreender os significados e os sentidos atribuidos por um grupo de trabalhadores e trabalhadoras às suas relações interpessoais e socioambientais a partir de uma experiência educacional promovida pelo Sindicato da Alimentação, por meio do Projeto Integrar, que certificou o ensino fundamental. A proposta é analisar as implicações e repercussões dessa experiência em suas vidas, envolvendo superações e permanências. O princípio orientador dessa construção é a dimensão ontológica do trabalho na constituição do ser humano, tendo a abordagem sócio-histórica – que compreende o sujeito através de sua atividade social e histórica e que se constitui a partir das relações sociais – como pano de fundo para a apreensão dos sujeitos pesquisados. O aporte teórico utilizado para construir e analisar os aspectos educacionais – ambiental e não formal – ancorou-se na pedagogia transformadora, a pedagogia do oprimido rumo a sua libertação. A abordagem qualitativa apoiou-se nos pressupostos dialéticos; a construção teórico- metodológica, os procedimentos utilizados para organizar, analisar e interpretar os dados das entrevistas semi-estruturadas, foram sustentados na orientação de Freire, a partir do Tema Gerador como categoria de análise e dos subtemas que dele emergiram, e se pautou na análise de conteúdo. Os dados analisados revelaram que para os pesquisados a experiência significou a superação da visão ingênua do mundo vivido, através da consciência crítica construída nas experiências cotidianas, na inserção comunitária como integrantes de sua classe e nas mediações inter e intrapsicológicas. As decisões coletivas que assumiram pautaram-se muito além das necessidades materiais, foram construídas como uma dimensão afirmativa da cidadania, da dignidade humana e da capacidade de dirigir seus destinos com autonomia, tendo, nesse caso, o fator subjetivo como campo de luta na superação das condições socioambientais adversas. Para que essa suposta transformação não se reduza a momentos, mostra-se necessário sua organização permanente enquanto classe trabalhadora, discutindo e avaliando constantemente os movimentos e transformações do real e, nesse sentido, redirecionando sua ação transformadora. / This study of case paper aims to comprehend the means given for a male and female works group in their relationships and socio-environmental through the educational experience promoted by Feeding Union, through Integrar Project that certificated the primary school. The purpose is analyse the implications and repercussions from this experience in their lives and improve their critic consciousness. The concept of this construction is a real dimension of the work in human’s constitution, it has socio-historic approach – that comprehend the subject through it social and historic activities constituted in relationships – like a background that will apprehend searches subjects. The theoretical to build and analyse educational aspects – non-formal and environmental – was transformer educational, the pedagogy of the oppressed toward their freedom. The qualitative approach was in dialectical knowledge; theoretical-methodology build, the procedures to organise, analyse and interpret interviews semi-organized, before interpreted by Freire, using Tema Gerador and it other themes. The analysis showed that the experiences had surpassed naive vision of the world through a critic consciousness everyday, in their same socio-economic class community and relations inter and intra-psychologic to the searches. They had their decisions besides of the material need, but like a citizenship assertion, human dignity and capacity to guide their destinies with autonomy, the subjectivity is a battlefield to overcome contrary socio-environmental conditions. To this supposed transformation really work, be necessary it constantly organisation while work class, discussing and assessing all movements and transformations from real to the transformer actions.

Syftet med studien var att beskriva immigranters upplevelser av förändring av aktiviteter innan och efter uppehållstillståndet. För att studera detta genomfördes nio intervjuer med personer som haft uppehållstillstånd i minst tio år och som kunde svenska bra nog för att föra ett samtal. Det deltog fem män och fyra kvinnor i åldrarna 25-50 år. Deltagarna kom ursprungligen från Turkiet, Syrien, Irak och Iran. Data analyserades med innehållsanalys och analyserna visade tre kategorier: i) Upplevelsen av att uppehållstillstånd ger rätt till arbete och utbildning som beskriver deltagarnas upplevelser av deras skolgång, utbildning och arbete innan och efter uppehållstillståndet. ii) Möjlighet till delaktighet i aktiviteter i samhället beskriver upplevelsen av möjligheter, rättigheter och delaktighet i samhället innan och efter uppehållstillståndet. iii) Upplevelser av fritidsintressen och vardagliga aktiviteter beskriver upplevelsen av brist på vardagliga aktiviteter och meningsfulla aktiviteter att utföra innan uppehållstillståndet och fler möjligheter till vardagliga aktiviteter samt meningsfulla aktiviteter efter uppehållstillståndet. Resultatet visade även att majoriteten av deltagarna upplevde svårigheter och begränsningar till att få utföra aktiviteter innan uppehållstillståndet och fick flera möjligheter till aktiviteter efter uppehållstillståndet. Konklusionen av studien visar att det finns ett behov av att förstå immigranters upplevelser av deras situation. Det framgår också att det kan vara till gagn för arbetsterapeuter och andra yrkesgrupper att ha en förståelse och större inblick av deras liv samt uppmärksamma eventuella fortsatta svårigheter till aktivitet och delaktighet. / The aim of this study was to describe immigrants experiences of change of activities before and after the residence permit. To examine this, nine participants were interviewed. They have had received residence permit for at least ten years, and could speak the Swedish language god enough to be able to have a conversation. There were five men and four women who participated in the ages between 25-50. The participants originally came from Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Iran. Data was analyzed with content analysis and analyzes showed three categories:i) The experience that a residence permit gives the right to work and education that describes the participants experience of their schooling, education and work before and after the residence permit. ii) Possibility to participate in activities in society that describes experience of possibilities,rights and participation in society before and after residence permit. iii) Experiences of leisure activities and everyday life describes experience of lack of daily activities and meaningful activities to perform before and after residence permit. The result of this study showed that the majority of the participants experienced difficulties and limitations to get to perform activities before getting residence permit and had more opportunities for activities after the residence permit. The conclusion of this study describes that there is a need to understand immigrants experiences of their situation. It also appears that this may be useful for occupational therapists and other professions to have an understanding and gaining insight into their lives and pay attention to possible further difficulties in activity and participation.

Bakgrund: Idag uppskattas var tredje person få en cancerdiagnos under sin livstid.Cancer drabbar inte enbart den enskilda individen utan även de närstående. De närstående anses vara patienternas viktigaste stöd under sjukdomsprocessen och de har ett behov av att vara delaktiga i vården. Syfte: Att belysa forskning om upplevelsen av att vara närstående till en person med diagnosen cancer. Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på tio kvalitativa studier.Resultat: Tre teman framkom vid dataanalysen. De närstående upplevde en förändrad vardag med nya roller och prioriteringar. Känslor som oro, osäkerhet och rädsla präglade de närstående men samtidigt fanns där ett hopp om att behandlingen skulle gå bra. De närstående upplevde att de ibland hade behov av att vara fria från sjukdomen och de sökte stöd hos vänner och familj. Att få vara delaktig i vården och få information var viktigt för att de närstående skulle få en känsla av kontroll och säkerhet. Resultatet i studien visar att de närståendes livssituation förändras och att det är viktigt för sjuksköterskan att vara medveten om deras upplevelser. / Background: Today it is estimated that one of three people get a cancer diagnosis during their lifetime. Cancer affects not only the individual but also the next of kin. The next of kin are considered to be the patient’s main support during the disease, and they need to be involved in the care. Aim: To illustrate the research about the experience of being next of kin to a person diagnosed with cancer.Method: A literature review based on ten qualitative studies.Results: Three themes were found from the data analysis. The next of kin experienced that their daily lives were changed with new roles and priorities. Feelings of anxiety, uncertainty and fear characterized the next of kin but at the same time, there was a hope about that the treatment would go well. The next of kin felt that they sometimes had needs to be free from the disease and they sought support from friends and family. To be involved in the care and get information was important so that the next of kin would get a sense of control and security. The results of the study shows that the next of kin’s life situations are changing and it is important for the nurse to be aware of their experiences.

Hjärtstopp uppstår när hjärtaktiviteten plötsligt upphör och kroppens olika organsystem  inte längre försörjs med blod. Om inte hjärt- och lungräddning samt andra åtgärder vidtas omedelbart kan detta tillstånd leda till plötslig död. I Sverige drabbas cirka 10 000 individer av hjärtstopp utanför sjukhus varje år, ungefär en av tio överlever. Tack vare “överlevnads kedjan” har antalet överlevande ökat. Sjuksköterskan kommer möta dessa patienter i olika vårdenheter, därför är det av betydelse att hen etablerar ett personcentrerat förhållningssätt i bemötandet eftersom hjärtstoppöverlevande uppvisar både fysiska och psykiska besvär till följd av hjärtstoppet som behöver uppmärksammas. Syftet med studien är att sammanställa och beskriva evidens om patienters upplevelser av att överleva ett hjärtstopp utanför sjukhus. Val av metod är en litteraturöversikt som grundar sig i elva studier av empirisk forskning med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ studiedesign. Resultatet genererade tre huvudteman och nio subteman. Slutsatsen är att hjärtstoppet upplevs som en traumatiserande och omvälvande händelse för den drabbade individen, eftersom den orsakar långvariga fysiska och psykiska funktionsnedsättningar. Den drabbade står inför existentiella utmaningar som ger upphov till psykiska besvär såsom ångest, depression och posttraumatisk stressyndrom. Hjärtstoppspatienter uttryckte att omställningen till vardagslivet var påfrestande på grund av informationsbrist som skulle ha hjälpt de att bättre förstå och hantera sina symtom. De efterfrågade en bättre individanpassad vård och uppföljning som tar större hänsyn till deras psykiska lidande eftersom detta kan bidra till snabbare återhämtning. Sjuksköterskan kan genom en personcentrerad vård uppenbara patientens behov och i samverkan med denne och sin närstående finna strategier som underlättar återhämtningen och ökar välbefinnandet. / Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart's activity suddenly stops, and the body's various organ systems are no longer supplied with blood. If cardiopulmonary resuscitation and other measures are not taken immediately, this condition can lead to sudden death. In Sweden, approximately 10,000 individuals suffer cardiac arrest outside of a hospital each year, approximately one in ten survives. Thanks to the "chain of survival", the number of survivors has increased. The nurse will meet these patients in different care units, therefore it is imperative that they establish a person-centered approach in the treatment because cardiac arrest survivors exhibit both physical and psychological problems as a result of the cardiac arrest that needs attention. The aim of the study is to compile and describe evidence about patient’s experiences of surviving a cardiac arrest outside a hospital. Choice of method is a literature review based on eleven studies of empirical research with both qualitative and quantitative study design. The results generated three main themes and nine subthemes. The conclusion is that cardiac arrest is experienced as a traumatizing and upheaval event by the affected individual, as it causes long-term physical and mental impairments. The sufferer faces existential challenges that give rise to psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Cardiac arrest patients expressed that the transition to everyday life was stressful due to a lack of information that would have helped them better understand and manage their symptoms. They requested better individualized care and follow-up that takes greater account of their mental suffering because this can contribute to faster recovery. Through person-centred care, the nurse can identify the patient's needs and, in collaboration with the patient and their loved ones, find strategies that facilitate recovery and increase their well-being.

Magistro darbo tema – Sutarties pakeitimo dėl iš esmės pasikeitusių sutarties vykdymo apinkybių galimybės ir Lietuvos teismų praktika. Darbe analizuojamos galimybės pateisinti sutarties nevykdymą dėl pasikeitusių aplinkybių įtakos remiantis skirtingose teisės sistemose įtvirtintu reglamentavimu. Tyrime analizei pasirinktos tų valstybių nacionalinės teisės sistemos, kuriose įtvirtintas reglamentavimo modelis buvo pavyzdžiu kitoms valstybėms. Darbe analizuojamos Prancūzijos, Vokietijos, Anglijos ir Jungtinių Amerikos Valstijų teisėje įtvirtintos sutarties vykdymo pasikeitus aplinkybėms instituto reglamentavimo variacijos. Taip pat darbe analizuojami skirtinguose tarptautiniuose teisės aktuose įtvirtinti pasikeitusių aplinkybių instituto reglamentavimo modeliai, analizei buvo pasirinkti šie tarptautiniai teisės aktai: Vienos konvencija Dėl tarptautinių sutarčių teisės, UNIDROIT Tarptautinių komercinių sutarčių principai, Europos sutarčių teisės principai ir Jungtinių tautų konvencija Dėl tarptautinio prekių pirkimo – pardavimo sutarčių. Ketvirtąjame darbo skyriuje yra analizuojamos sutarties vykdymo pasikeitus aplikybėms instituto taikymo sąlygos, atskleidžiamas jų turinys ir išskiriami reikalavimų tenkinimo vertinimo kriterijai. Prieinama išvados, kad esminiu gali būti pripažintas tik toks sutarties vykdymo suvaržymas, kuris ne tik iš esmės padidina sutarties įvykdymo kainą arba sumažina gaunamą įvykdymą, bet ir itin komplikuoja suvaržymą patiriančios šalies galimybes toliau... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Thesis of the paper – Probability to adjust the contract terms regarding to changed circumstances and the analysis of Lithuanian courts practice. The paper analyzes the justification for the failure to perform on the basis of changed circumstances. The study selected for analysis the national legal systems, which maintained regulatory model has been followed by other countries. The paper examines French, German, British and United States law of contract and the variety of regulatory variations regarding changed circumstances. It also analyzes the regulatory models of hardship established in different international legal instruments. For the analysis were selected following international instruments: the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts, the Principles of European Contract Law and United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods. The fourth chapter analyzes the requirements for the situation in order to claim hardship. This chapter revealed the content of requirements and identifies the assessment criteria for declaring the fulfilment of the conditions. Analysis leads to the conclusion, that the substantial restriction of the contract can be recognized only in cases, which not only substantially increases the price of the performance or reduce the resulting performance, but also substantially complicates and burdens the possibilities of affected contractor to continue performing... [to full text]

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Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-05-21T11:28:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BERG ÉLISSON SAMAPAIO CAVALCANTE - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGCC) 2016.pdf: 1665807 bytes, checksum: 29f9430f322f8d4644a7bfeee7aaf497 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-21T11:28:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BERG ÉLISSON SAMAPAIO CAVALCANTE - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGCC) 2016.pdf: 1665807 bytes, checksum: 29f9430f322f8d4644a7bfeee7aaf497 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Capes / É evidente hoje o grande investimento em qualidade de software. Assim, para submeter um produto com qualidade aceitável, é necessário determinar a sua testabilidade, uma propriedade que indica a facilidade e precisão na avaliação dos resultados de um teste. Teste de Regressão é um processo custoso, que demanda esforço considerável para detectar defeitos introduzidos em um código testado anteriormente. A fim de aumentar a custo-efetividade deste processo, são aplicadas técnicas de priorização de casos de teste (CTs), que tem por objetivo reordenar o conjunto de testes seguindo algum critério de ordenação. Em particular, a técnica Changed Blocks realiza priorização baseada em mudanças. Segundo estudos realizados neste trabalho, essa técnica apresenta algumas limitações, como: i. os resultados não obtém cobertura máxima de defeitos no topo da lista ordenada; ii. CTs com mesmo número de mudanças cobertas são ordenados aleatoriamente, sem seguir uma regra de importância específica; iii. CTs que revelam mudanças inéditas, mas que apresentam baixa cobertura de mudanças são desfavorecidos. Este trabalho propõe a implementação de duas técnicas baseadas na Changed Blocks, para que mudanças múltiplas agregadas em uma mesma versão do sistema em teste sejam melhor consideradas, não resultando em perdas aos benefícios oferecidos pela técnica original. Várias métricas foram utilizadas na análise, são elas: APFD; F-measure; F-spreading; Group-measure; Group-spreading; e Tempo de Execução. Através de análise experimental, avaliou-se a eficácia das técnicas propostas utilizando uma variedade de versões mutantes de quatro projetos open sources. Os resultados indicam que não houve perda estatística significante na aplicação da melhoria e, na antecipação de CTs em cenários de múltiplas mudanças, em média, foi superior. / The investiment on software quality has grown. To ensure acceptable quality in a product, one needs to determine its testability, a property that indicates the feasibility and accuracy in test results evaluation. Regression testing is an expensive technique to detect faults introduced in a previously tested code. In order to increase its cost-effectiveness, test case prioritization techniques may be used. One of the proeminent techniques is based on changes, called Changed Blocks. According to previous studies, this technique presents limitations, such as: i. Test Cases (TCs) with significant impact on the final result end up in undesired positions in the queue; ii. TCs with same number of covered changes are randomly ordered, without following a specific rule; iii. TCs revealing undetected changes, with low coverage are disadvantaged. This work proposes techniques to improve Changed Blocks by grouping multiple changes in a version of the system under test, with no losses in technical benefits. Several metrics were used as follow: i. APFD ; ii. F-measure ; iii. F-spreading; iv. Group-measure; v. Group-spreading;and vi. Execution Time. We carried out an experimental study to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed techniques using a variety of mutant versions of four open sources Java projects. The results indicate the proposed techniques performed better in the contexts they intend to improve, while presenting no statistically significant loss in contexts common to the original Change Blocks technique.

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