Le texte du Bellum ciuile n'a pas fait l'objet, en France, d'une nouvelle édition ou d'une traduction complète depuis celle parue à la CUF entre 1927 et 1930. Ce phénomène est d'autant plus surprenant qu'à la fin du XXème siècle et au début du XXIème siècle ont été réalisées des éditions en langue anglaise, allemande et italienne. La présente thèse tente donc de pallier ce manque en proposant une édition, une traduction et un commentaire du livre II de la Pharsale. Après une brève présentation des éléments d'introduction au texte qui touchent à l'auteur, à son œuvre ainsi qu'à des spécificités du livre II de la Pharsale, le premier tome de ce travail est consacré à l'histoire du texte de Lucain. Il apparaît que la tradition manuscrite du Bellum ciuile est complexe et qu'il n'est pas possible d'établir de stemma classant les manuscrits. Bien plus, la contamination manifeste de la tradition manuscrite ne signifie pas que l'état général du texte tel qu'il a été conservé est bon : au contraire, il existe de très nombreux passages obscurs dans le texte de Lucain. Le texte établi dans le présent travail ne repose donc pas uniquement sur la tradition directe de la Pharsale : il s'appuie également sur une vaste étude de la tradition indirecte et surtout sur la consultation des nombreuses conjectures qui ont été formulées pour tenter de mieux comprendre le texte de Lucain. Le texte latin et sa traduction sont suivis, dans un second volume, d'un commentaire linéaire. Celui-ci regroupe des discussions philologiques sur l'établissement du texte, mais aussi des considérations littéraires et stylistiques ainsi que des explications visant à éclaircir les allusions savantes du poète. / Lucan's epic has not been edited nor translated in France since Bourgery's edition published between 1927 and 1930. This fact is surprising considering that English, German and Italian scholars did such a work at the end of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century. These two present volumes try to compensate this lack in contemporary French scholarship by furnishing a new edition, translation and commentary of Bellum ciuile's book 2. The first volume begins with an introduction to Lucan, to his epic and to some of the distinctive features of book 2, followed by an history of Lucan's text transmission. Pharsalia's textual tradition is complex and it is not possible to make a stemmatic recension fo the manuscripts. Moreover, the obvious contamination of Lucan's tradition does not imply that we are facing a well transmitted text : quite the opposite, many lines of the Bellum ciuile are certainly corrupted. The text established in this work doesn't rely on nothing but manuscripts of Pharsalia : I used as well the indirect tradition and, most importantly, the numerous conjectures made since the 15th century to improve the understand of Lucan's text. In the second volume of this work, the Latin text and its translation are followed by a line by line commentary. It is composed by critical discussion about text establishment, comments about stylistics and explanations of all the allusions made by the poet.

This thesis examines the lives of women in Classical Greece in the context of war. War is often regarded as the domain of men but actually it is a social phenomenon where everybody is involved. Scholarship has begun to be interested in issues of women and war in Classical Greece, while they are insightful and demonstrate portions of women’s experience, studies to date have not attempted to create a holistic view. In such studies, women are generally depicted as a single homogeneous group, their involvement in war is viewed as limited and exceptional, and they are only seen as the marginal victims of war. This thesis, by contrast, strongly argues for diversity in women’s experiences during war. It demonstrates the centrality of war to women’s lives in Classical Greece, as well as how women’s experience might vary according to (for example) their social and economic circumstances. By analysing both written sources and archaeological material across the Classical period, this thesis intends to produce a broader perspective. By providing the first full-length study on the subject, this thesis, thus, contributes to the disciplines of both gender studies and warfare studies. This thesis begins by investigating the way in which ancient sources outlined wartime boundaries for women. While there were no formal ‘rules of war’, ancient writers nonetheless suggest that there were certain social conventions particular to the treatment of women in Classical Greece at times of war. As chapter 1 shows, perhaps surprisingly, women were not always evacuated from their communities as is commonly thought, they were not supposed to be maltreated, nor killed in Classical Greek warfare. Chapter 2 then examines ancient authors’ positive and negative evaluations on the behaviour of women in war. By analysing the way in which different sources rationalized women’s wartime behaviour, this thesis shows that there existed boundaries for women in war. Having established women’s potential involvement in war, an exploration follows of their contributions to the war effort, both in the city and abroad. Two observations emerge from chapter 3. First, women were heavily involved in crucial wartime activities such as defending the city, distribution of food and missiles, giving military advice, among others. However, they also participated in negative and traitorous wartime behaviour such as facilitating enemy soldiers to escape a city under conflict. Second, their wartime contributions were not perceived to be ‘breaking social norms’ as is commonly maintained in much scholarly discussion. In chapter 4, the analyses of the different social and economic impacts of war on women reveals that war affected them directly through their experience of evacuations and their necessity to find employment due to wartime poverty, but war also affected women in more insidious ways, especially in their family life and relationships. Finally, chapter 5 then analyses the impact of war with special reference to women’s experiences in post-war contexts such as captivity, slavery, and rape and sexual violence. By showing the variety of experiences and how there existed selection processes with regards to women, this chapter demonstrates that not all women were going to experience the same fates after war. The result is the emergence of a rounded picture of the wartime lives of women in Classical Greece.

This study presents a citation analysis of 20 doctoral dissertations in the subject field of Latin which is part of the broader field of classical philology. The dissertations were all written at Swedish universities and were published during two measurement periods between 1979-2017. The aim of the study is to provide a basis for decision-making for librarians who are responsible for collections of books and journals on classical philology at Swedish university libraries. The study takes as its starting point and theoretical background a citation analysis made by Gregory A. Crawford and published in an article in 2013. That citation analysis was made with a philological journal as empirical object and found a remarkable stability over time in citation practices by scholars involved in classical philology especially regarding the language, age and type of material cited. With Crawfords results as background this present study finds similar patterns of stability in citation practices in the Swedish dissertations analysed. The conclusion of this study is that Swedish university libraries should retain their older books on classical philology as well as continue to develop their collections with books as well as journals written in the English, German, French, and Italian languages. This is a two years master´s thesis in Library and Information Science.

La présente thèse de doctorat offre une nouvelle édition critique, traduite et commentée, du Périple de Pseudo-Scylax (hormis la description du Pont-Euxin). L’œuvre, un périple des côtes méditerranéennes, est transmise par un manuscrit du XIIIe siècle (Paris, BNF, Suppl. gr. 443) et par deux apographes de la Renaissance (München, BSB, gr. 566 e Vaticano, BAV, Pal. gr. 142) qui indiquent comme auteur Scylax de Caryanda, un personnage ayant vécu sous le règne de Darius I (522-486). Cependant différents indices ne permettent pas d’étayer telle datation et, après une longue querelle, les savants partagent aujourd’hui en général l’idée que le 338 av. J.-C. doit plutôt être indiqué comme le terminus post quem. En continuité avec ces études, notre thèse, articulée en trois parties principales (introduction, édition du texte avec traduction et commentaire), a pour but d’offrir une analyse attentive de l’œuvre afin d’apprécier à sa juste valeur le seul périple complet de la Méditerranée que l’antiquité nous ait transmis. La première partie, avec fonction d’introduction, vise à encadrer l’œuvre dans son contexte historico-politique et littéraire. Font suite à l’introduction un long chapitre sur l’histoire du texte, l’édition critique et une traduction du Périple. Enfin, la troisième et dernière partie est occupée par un commentaire dans lequel sont discutés des éléments textuels et historiques qui mettent bien en lumière l’importance et l’actualité de cette œuvre dans la civilisation occidentale. / This doctoral thesis offers a new edition, accompanied by a translation and a commentary, of the Periplous of Pseudo-Skylax (with the exception of the description of Black Sea). The text, a periplous of the Mediterranean, survives in a codex unicus (Paris, BNF, Suppl. gr. 443) and in two apographs (München, BSB, gr. 566 e Vaticano, BAV, Pal. gr. 142), that indicates Skylax of Caryanda as his author, a man who lived at the time of Darius I (522-486). However, several textual evidences have demonstrated that the identification of date and author would not be plausible and after a century-long debate, today the critics generally agree that 338 BC should be seen as the terminus post quem. Agreeing with the conclusion of these studies, this thesis, organized in three major sections (introduction, edition with translation, commentary), offers a systematic analysis of the work and aims to value the only and complete ancient periplous of the Mediterranean as the true and sole example of the genre of the time. The introduction aims to put the works in his own historical, political and literary context. Then, after the introduction and a long chapter on the history of the transmission of the works, the critical edition and the translation of the Periplous follow. The third and last section furnishes a rich commentary and analyse the textual and historical aspects of the work in order to show his value and his relevance for the western tradition.

La présente dissertation analyse toutes les prises de position attribuées dans les scholies hésiodiques à un commentateur de l'Antiquité. Cette étude a pour optique d'apporter un regard nouveau sur les méthodes philologiques appliquées par les exégètes des époques hellénistique et romaine à la lecture des textes poétiques archaïques. / Doctorat en Langues et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

L'activité d'Eudoxe de Cnide, savant grec du IVe siècle av. n. è., s'est déployée dans de nombreux domaines incluant la philosophie, les mathématiques, l'astronomie, la géographie, la médecine, la législation et l'astrologie. La présente thèse de doctorat consiste en une édition traduite et commentée des fragments et témoignages relatifs à Eudoxe. Elle réunit quelque 800 passages de textes antiques et byzantins faisant référence à Eudoxe. Elle inclut notamment des textes inédits et des conjectures nouvelles. L'édition est accompagnée de la première traduction en langue moderne de tous les fragments et témoignages antiques relatifs à Eudoxe. Le commentaire donné en notes de bas de page éclaire les difficultés d'interprétation et s'attache à déterminer la valeur des différentes sources pour la reconstruction de l'œuvre d'Eudoxe. La notice qui précède l'édition traduite et commentée contient un exposé synthétique de l'activité intellectuelle d'Eudoxe, qui restitue sa profondeur et sa cohérence dans l'ensemble des domaines où elle s'est déployée, tout en la replaçant dans son contexte historique et culturel. / Eudoxus of Cnidus, a Greek scholar from the 4th century BCE, was active in a wide range of fields including philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, geography, medicine, legislation and astrology. This doctoral thesis consists of an edition, translation and commentary of the fragments and testimonia concerning Eudoxus. It brings together some 800 passages from ancient and Byzantine texts dealing with Eudoxus. In particular, it includes unpublished texts and new conjectures. The edition is comes with the first modern-language translation of all ancient fragments ant testimonia concerning Eudoxus. The commentary provided in the footnotes sheds light on problems of interpretation and endeavours to determine the value of the various sources for reconstructing Eudoxus' work. The introduction preceding the edition, translation and commentary contains a synthetic account of Eudoxus' intellectual activity which reconstitutes its depth and consistency in all of the fields in which it took place, and puts it back in its historical and cultural context.

Cette thèse de doctorat vise, à partir de l'exemple que constitue le traitement du mythe d'Œdipe par les trois dramaturges que sont Eschyle, Sophocle et Euripide, à comprendre comment les tragiques grecs, qui traitaient toujours des mêmes histoires, et suscitaient pourtant l'intérêt du public, ont su renouveler la création théâtrale, en parvenant à ne pas faire les mêmes pièces à partir des mêmes légendes. Certes, la matière mythique n'était pas figée en soi ; toutefois, comme la tragédie était un genre très codifié dans sa structure et relativement limité en termes d’effets visuels, c'est surtout sur le texte même que l'auteur pouvait intervenir, au prix d'un travail toujours renouvelé sur sa langue.C'est donc au texte même des tragédies que cette étude s'attache, texte qui est abordé selon une triple perspective, à la fois herméneutique, philologique et comparatiste, ce qui permet de comprendre non seulement les enjeux profonds de chacun d'eux, mais aussi les variations sur le mythe et les effets ainsi créés. Le corpus, restreint mais raisonnable (Les Sept contre Thèbes d'Eschyle, l'Œdipe Roi, l'Antigone et l'Œdipe à Colone de Sophocle, et les Phéniciennes d'Euripide), est analysé avec rigueur et aussi peu d'a priori que possible. Cette étude permet de mieux comprendre le fonctionnement de la tragédie, ainsi que la façon dont une poétique se renouvelait sans cesse et évoluait de la sorte, en explorant les possibilités que lui offrait sa langue et en travaillant sur les représentations et les contenus traditionnels dont le poète tragique héritait. Ce projet vise ainsi à mieux saisir les ressorts de la création poétique dans un contexte culturel qui permet d’appréhender au mieux les limites entre lesquelles elle est mise en œuvre ; il permettra également d'approfondir la compréhension d'une culture qui prenait plaisir à aller voir des pièces dont elle connaissait déjà la fin. / The aim of this PhD thesis, based on Aeschylus’, Sophocles’ and Euripides’ treatments of the Oedipus myth, is to understand how Greek tragic playwrights – who aroused the public interest while always dealing with the same stories – managed to reinvent theatre and write new plays out of the same myths. Admittedly, mythical material was not fixed, yet, tragedy was a genre which structure was highly codified, and quite limited in terms of visual effects. Thus, it was mainly within the text itself that authors could intervene by way of an ever-repeated work on their own language. Therefore, it is the texts of tragedies themselves which are the subject of this study, and which will be explored from three different perspectives; hermeneutic, philological and comparative. This not only allows for an understanding of the deeper issues each text tackles, but also of the variations on the myth and the effects they create. The corpus (Aeschylus' Seven against Thebes, Sophocles' Antigone, Œdipus Rex, Œdipus at Colonus, Euripides' Phoenician Women) – limited yet reasonable – will be analysed rigorously and with as little a priori as possible. What is proposed in this study is a better understanding of how the mechanics of tragedy worked, as well as of how part of a poetics could evolve through perpetual renewal, as tragic poets explored the possibilities of their language, worked on representations and traditional materials they had inherited. The aim of this study is to better grasp the means of poetic creation in a given cultural context so as to gain the best possible understanding of the limits within which it took place. It also allows for a deepened understanding of a culture in which people still enjoyed plays while already knowing how they would end.

Mon étude a pour objet la dimension persuasive qui est présente au sein de l’historiographie ancienne et qui est au cœur de nombreuses discussions sur la nature de l’histoire dans l’Antiquité. Au travers de lectures comparées d’une série d’extraits parallèles tirés des œuvres de l’historien grec Polybe (± 208 - ± 126 avant J.-C.) et de l’historien latin Tite-Live (64 ou 59 avant J.-C. - 17 après J.-C.), en s’appuyant sur les théories anciennes et contemporaines de la rhétorique, ma recherche permet de mieux comprendre comment l’historien ancien exploite les ressources de l’argumentation pour rendre son propos crédible et vraisemblable, mais aussi pour orienter la vision du lecteur et le faire adhérer à certaines conclusions. <p> / Doctorat en Langues et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The thesis aims to analyse the reception of the ancient Greek drama by the Italian scholar Ettore Romagnoli (1871-1938), considering his critical essays, translations, and theatre performances. The mutual interaction of these three aspects represents the methodological approach to understand how Romagnoli conceived the interpretation of Greek theatre and its dramatic production in the modern age. The thesis consists of three parts. The first one analyses Romagnoli’s ideas on classical studies and the modern translations of ancient Greek poetry within the Italian culture in the early 20th Century and in opposition to the positivist approach in the classical philology and the Neo Idealistic Aesthetics. Furthermore, an exam of the entire work of Romagnoli as stage director is offered, along with the reconstruction of a mainly unknow controversy after his dismissal from the National Institute of Ancient Drama. The second part analyses Romagnoli’s academic studies on the hypothetical performance of ancient tragedy and comedy and the evolution of Greek poetry from music. It also identifies the possible influence of these theories within his own translations and performances. The last part deals with two examples of translations for the stage: the "Agamemnon" (1914) and the "Bacchae" (1922). On the basis of theatre translation studies and thanks to Romagnoli’s editions of the two works, both placed at his archive and library in Rovereto and rich of notes by the translator himself, the analysis attempts to examine the hypothetical performability and speakability of the two texts and whether cuts or modifications were introduced during the stage productions. / La ricerca si propone di condurre un esame il più possibile esaustivo dell’opera del grecista Ettore Romagnoli (1871-1938) come esegeta, traduttore e metteur en scène del dramma antico. Grazie all’analisi della reciproca interazione di questi tre aspetti si è tentato di comprendere come il grecista abbia concepito l’interpretazione del teatro greco e ne abbia progettato la ‘reinvenzione’ drammatica. Il lavoro si suddivide in tre parti. Nella prima viene condotta una ricostruzione della carriera di Romagnoli nel contesto storico-culturale di inizio Novecento, analizzando le sue idee sul rinnovamento degli studi classici e sull’aggiornamento delle traduzioni della poesia greca. In questo quadro assumono notevole rilievo le polemiche condotte da Romagnoli in opposizione alle maggiori correnti accademico-culturali dell’epoca: l’estetica crociana e la filologia scientifica. Inoltre, l’analisi prende in esame l’idea di messinscena e le produzioni dirette da Romagnoli a partire dagli spettacoli universitari (1911-1913) fino alle rappresentazioni teatrali svolte a Siracusa e in altri teatri e siti archeologici d’Italia (1914-1937), insieme alla ricostruzione di una terza polemica, definita ‘siracusana’, che coinvolse il grecista in seguito alla sua estromissione dall’Istituto Nazionale del Dramma Antico. La seconda parte prende in considerazione gli studi scientifici e divulgativi di Romagnoli circa la ricostruzione dell’ipotetica performace della tragedia e della commedia di quinto secolo a.C. e l’evoluzione della poesia greca dalla musica, individuando, inoltre, le possibili rielaborazioni di queste teorie all’interno delle traduzioni e degli spettacoli teatrali. Nella terza parte si analizzano le traduzioni di "Agamennone" e "Baccanti" che Romagnoli portò in scena a Siracusa. Si è tentato di valutare, anche sulla base degli studi teorici relativi alla traduzione per il teatro, quanto l’attenzione alla ‘performabilità’ e alla ‘dicibilità’ del testo ne avesse influenzato la composizione oppure se fossero stati introdotti tagli e modifiche in fase di produzione degli spettacoli. Le due edizioni di "Agamennone" (1914) e "Baccanti" (1922) che facevano parte della biblioteca privata di Romagnoli presentano infatti annotazioni dell’autore riconducibili proprio ai suoi allestimenti per gli spettacoli al Teatro greco di Siracusa. Il lavoro ha potuto avvalersi di scritti inediti, articoli di giornale e documenti privati custoditi negli Archivi della Fondazione INDA e presso il Fondo Romagnoli, dal 2016 proprietà dell’Accademia Roveretana degli Agiati e attualmente in catalogazione presso la Biblioteca civica “G. Tartarotti” di Rovereto.