Being important natural areas due to togetherness of terrestrial and water ecosystems / coastal araes (sea, lake and river coasts) possesses important historic and cultural environments shiowing relationship of mankind with water developed during different periods since ancient periods onwards. In this sense / having housed various civilizations since anquity onwards, Turkey has diverse and rich coastal archaeological sites. However, in addition to natural processes occuring in short and long terms due to their dynamic and evolving nature, athmospheric events, coastal erosions, climate change / developments of rapid urbanization, tourism, industry and infrastructure which have enourmously accelarated since Industrial Evolution have causes irreversibel destruction of natural, cultural and archaeological values of coastal araes. The coastal management policies that have been gaining importance during recent years aim to develop appropriate policies for providing sustainability of natural and cultural values of coastal areas within their conservation-use balance. Within the light of this information / the scope of this thesis is to identify integrated management policies for coastal archaeological environments and to discuss and bring together existing planning and management tools in Turkey in order to develop national management policies. For this purpose, in the First Chapter of the study, historical development of international policies, theoretical discussions and related concepts in relation with planning and and management of coastal archaeological areas is presented. Accordingly, principles related to concept of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) are put forth. This section is concluded with related to reasons and contents for necessities of integrated management of coastal archaeological environments. In the second Chapter of the study, the planning and management tools related with integrated management of coastal archaeological sites within the legislative and administrative system of Turkey are discussed. For this purpose / firstly, historical development archaeological heritage conservation and coastal policies are studied. Secondly / present tools related to decision-making process including survey and registration, planning, implementation, control and monitoring are displayed through the examination of the current situation. The Third Chapter includes case-study research which has been structured in two phases. In the first phase / Regional Analysis, by which impacts of national policies within the light of historic perspective and existing tools of Turkey on Mediterranean Region is put forward. Second phase of case-study includes detailed research related to values and problems of archaeological sites located in Erdemli-Silifke coastal region. The Fourth Chapter, includes evaluations related to results of case-study research. In this sense / the cultural landscape characteristics of coastal areas are put forward within the light of assessments regarding integrity of archaeological, natural and rural characteristics of Erdemli-Silifke coastal region. In the second phase / the natural and man-caused problems threatening these values, which are followed by administrative problems according to existing legislative and administrative system that have been displayed in the Second Chapter, are discussed. Within the light of these information and experiences, integrated management principles required for integrated conservation of coastal archaeological sites are proposed throughout the Proposals and Conclusions Chapter, which constitutes the last section of the study. In the second phase, an administrative model for case-study area is proposed. The last section of the study which forms the Conclusions phase includes evaluations to achieve development of national level policies in Turkey.

The coastal zone including coastal waters and littoral zone are influenced by the interactions between sea and land, and the resources of coastal areas have significant functions and values whatever the regards of nature ecology, industry development, transportation, tourism, national defense, and academic research. Following the population growth, economic advancement, and the change of industry, the land use of coastal zone is more diverse and complex. The incompatible between development and marine environment was happened sometimes. In order to solve the conflicts of coastal resources multiple use and mitigate the negative effects by human activities, integrated coastal zone management was become the most important way for sustainable using the sea. ¡§Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)¡¨ is a resource management system applying the process of integration, connection, and interaction, to analyze the complicated management problem at coastal areas. It is also a framework of principles and methodology for identification of important environmental priorities and allocation of scarce resources. It is an integrated management planning process emphasizing the comprehensive aspect to achieve the sustainable development of the coastal zone. Because the laws and regulations about land planning and coastal zone management is under legislation and the ¡§Coastal Zone Management Plan¡¨ of Kaohsiung County is not accomplished, the research attempts to understand the future development concept and direction about coastal areas in Kaohsiung County according to ¡§Kaohsiung County Comprehensive Development Plan¡¨. The research formulates some phenomena at present involving artificial construction causing coastal erosion, making land destroying the ecology, development project standing, development location overlapping, project contents competing each other, objective scale too large, disregard environmental sensitive areas, using a lot of hard structures, etc. Furthermore, we survey the planning and management of coastal zone through the aspects of integration among sectors, between the land and the water sides of the coastal zone, among levels of government, and among disciplines. Synthesizing the discussions of research, we can find the major problem of coastal zone management at Kaohsiung County is not lacking of planning project, instead of having too many but the implement result is not satisfactory. It is perceived that investigating and evaluating of the resource supply and the user demand at advance planning process was insufficient. Besides, it didn¡¦t have a comprehensive development plan which thinks about coastal environment from the first to be a basis of integration and coordination the various land use. Expecting the future coastal zone development and management, the responsible agency and project proponent can discard the departmental egoism, prior consider the integrated environment, proceed to communication, coordination, and integration continuously in search of a common consensus and vision. Only if that, the coastal zone development can be sustainable.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / The coast northeastern, nowadays, has been attracting enterprises that have an uncommon dynamic: the traditional hospitality associated the market second residence â residential resorts-the called âTurismo-ImobiliÃrioâ. This market contributed large changes in the northeast coast, as the present process of âmacrourbanizaÃÃoâ and improving the status of coastal areas. The research has extended the understanding about the public polices and the âImobiliÃrio-TurÃsticoâ market and its implications in the spatial reordering in the north-east of Brazil (Bahia, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte e CearÃ). The research has been the objective to analyze and to understanding the spatial production of metropolis northeast from the Spanish model of âmacrourbanizaÃÃoâ, in view of the expansion and expression of resorts in recent years. The research was possible through of three steps: bibliographic review about the public policies; analyses data; and to finished it was produced some cartograms. The last step enabled the understanding of installations, logic those enterprises in the metropolis, identifying the types, the particularity and the origin of investments. The research indicated the âImobiliÃrio-TurÃsticoâ is a reality and the coastal has taking a lot of enterprises. This field developed thanks the financial release and the State, investing on tourism on the coast in the hope of attracting more investments for the whole country. / O litoral nordestino, na atualidade, vem atraindo empreendimentos que possuem uma dinÃmica incomum: a hotelaria convencional associada ao mercado tradicional de segunda residÃncia, materializada nos resorts residenciais, que vem caracterizar o chamado Turismo ImobiliÃrio. Esse mercado contribuiu para mudanÃas significativas no litoral nordestino, como o processo de macrourbanizaÃÃo e valorizaÃÃo dos espaÃos litorÃneos na atualidade. A presente pesquisa ampliou o entendimento sobre as polÃticas pÃblicas e o mercado ImobiliÃrio-TurÃstico e suas implicaÃÃes no reordenamento espacial da regiÃo Nordeste do Brasil (Bahia, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte e CearÃ).Teve como objetivo geral analisar e compreender a produÃÃo do espaÃo litorÃneo das metrÃpoles nordestinas a partir do modelo espanhol de macrourbanizaÃÃo,tendo em vista a expansÃo e expressÃo dos resorts e dos complexos turÃsticos residenciais nos Ãltimos dez anos.Como caminho para a construÃÃo da pesquisa, foram necessÃrias trÃs etapas: levantamento bibliogrÃfico sobre o tema; anÃlise de dados secundÃrios junto aos ÃrgÃos responsÃveis; elaboraÃÃo de cartogramas. Essa Ãltima etapa possibilitou o entendimento das lÃgicas de instalaÃÃo desses empreendimentos nas metrÃpoles nordestinas, identificando as tipologias envolvidas, as caracterÃsticas, alÃm de dados relacionados à origem do capital investido. A pesquisa apontou com evidÃncia que o ImobiliÃrio-TurÃstico no Nordeste à uma realidade, e que os litorais vÃm recebendo inÃmeros empreendimentos de capital estrangeiro. Esse setor desenvolveu-se graÃas à liberaÃÃo financeira de mercado e o papel do Estado na consolidaÃÃo das prÃticas turÃsticas, investindo capital no litoral com a esperanÃa de atrair um maior volume de investimentos tanto nacionais como internacionais para todo o PaÃs.

With the sprouting in the last years of necessarily defining the ambiental question as of the process of economic development, the tourism, being a new activity, generating impact in the global economy, comes being conceived in function of the most demanding sustainable parameters. In this universe the pertaining Nova Atalaia to the city of Barra dos Coqueiros/Sergipe, has been related to the tourist activity for the fact of that the place congregates natural aspects favorable, mainly the beaches, for the accomplishment of annual events, or still, to a flow of people, at some times, that they possess second residence in the localidade. However, the characteristics of the town are not with priority criteria for the evidence of providers actions of sustainable tourist place. In this way, the importance it object of this work consisted of identifying and to analyze the dynamics of the development of the tourism and its Inter-relations in the community of the Nova Atalaia, city of Barra dos Coqueiros-Sergipe.The research was constituted by samples of demands of local visitors (of events and swimmers) and by social actors.It is a qualitative work and a description-exploring study of the method of data s collection used was the survey, through half-structuralized interview and questionnaires. For analysis of the results software SPSS was used and first SWOT of the PDITS/SE, organized later in graphs, tables and texts. The research showed that, for some factors, it is impracticable to treat the Nova Atalaia without considering it now as practically new quarter of Aracaju what estimates an integration of city and state tourist politics, without losing of sight the approach of the peculiar characteristics of the Nova Atalaia. Another indicated result was that the activity of second residence does not demonstrate significant impact to be considered tourist aspect local. As a suggestion, the research points elements that could be transformed into attractive tourist and a necessary renewal of the paradigms until then followed by managers and local community / Com o surgimento nos últimos anos, da questão ambiental como necessariamente definidora do processo de desenvolvimento econômico, o turismo, sendo uma atividade nova, gerando impacto na economia global, vem sendo concebido em função dos mais exigentes parâmetros da sustentabilidade.Neste universo, a Atalaia Nova pertencente ao município de Barra dos Coqueiros/SE, tem sido relacionada à atividade turística pelo fato de o lugar reunir aspectos naturais favoráveis, principalmente as praias, pela realização de eventos anuais, ou ainda, pelo fluxo de pessoas, em algumas épocas, que possuem segunda residência na localidade.Contudo, as características do povoado não são critérios prioritários para a constatação de ações mantenedoras de sustentabilidade turística local. Dessa maneira, a importância do objeto deste trabalho consistiu em identificar e analisar a dinâmica do desenvolvimento do turismo e suas inter-relações na comunidade da Atalaia Nova, município de Barra dos Coqueiros-Sergipe.O universo pesquisado foi constituído por amostras de demandas de visitantes locais (de eventos e veranistas) e por atores sociais.Trata-se de um trabalho quanti-qualitativo e de um estudo descritivoexploratório. O método de coleta de dados utilizado foi o levantamento, através de entrevistas e questionários semi-estruturados. Para análise dos resultados foram utilizados software SPSS e matrizes SWOT do PDITS/SE, organizados posteriormente em gráficos, tabelas e textos.A pesquisa mostrou que, por vários fatores, é inviável tratar a Atalaia Nova sem considerá-la, agora, integrada à grande Aracaju (capital), o que pressupõe uma integração de políticas turísticas municipais e estaduais, sem perder de vista o enfoque das características peculiares da Atalaia Nova. Outro resultado indicado foi que a atividade de segunda residência não demonstra impacto significativo para ser considerada aspecto turístico local.Como sugestão a pesquisa aponta elementos que poderão ser transformados em atrativos turísticos e uma necessária renovação dos paradigmas até então seguidos por gestores e comunidade local

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:46:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Angelita Soares Ribeiro_Dissertacao.pdf: 4025391 bytes, checksum: 6d62ab07fb79348cd1ccc404846ff76f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-28 / What motivates the writing of this master´s dissertation is the decrease of the gaps between, on one hand, the development and project management and public social policies by a Social Work professional and, on the other, cosmologies that somehow guide the lives of individuals and social groups. By mythology, I analyze the relations that connect - in the Fishermen´s Colony Z-3, coastal territory of the Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil - humans and non-humans in a system of meanings that reflect the design of everyday ways of thinking, living and dying in this colony. In this network of meanings, I seek also to understand how to formulate the feminine domain and the masculine domain in this coastal territory. / O que motiva a escrita desta dissertação de mestrado é a diminuição dos abismos existentes entre, de um lado, a elaboração e a gestão de projetos e políticas públicas sociais por um profissional de Serviço Social e, de outro, as cosmologias que de alguma forma orientam a vida dos indivíduos e dos coletivos sociais. Através da mitologia, analiso as relações que conectam na Colônia de Pescadores Z-3, território costeiro à Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, humanos e nãohumanos em um sistema de significações que traduzem a formulação cotidiana dos modos de pensar, viver e morrer nesta colônia. Nessa rede de significados, busco também compreender a maneira como se formulam o domínio do feminino e o domínio do masculino neste território costeiro.

A disposição de esgoto em áreas costeiras pode causar impactos para a vida marinha, alterando a biodiversidade e o equilíbrio do ecossistema chegando a causar graves doenças nos seres humanos. Neste estudo, determinou-se a concentração de um conjunto de marcadores orgânicos moleculares de introdução de esgoto no ambiente marinho: alquilbenzeno lineares (LABs) em amostras de sedimento, ostras (Crassostrea brasiliana), mexilhões (Mytella charruana e Mytella guyanensis) e peixes (Mugil curema) (Valenciennes, 1836) nos Estuário de Cananéia - Iguape e Santos - São Vicente, SP, Brasil. As concentrações de LABs (peso seco) encontradas em amostras de sedimento de Cananéia variaram de <1,0 a 80,6 ng g-1 e em Santos variaram de 6,7 a 1234,0 ng g-1. Em moluscos bivalves as concentrações detectadas em Cananéia encontravam-se na faixa de 90 a 1849 ng g-1(peso seco) e em Santos as concentrações variaram de 110 a 50495 ng g-1(peso seco). Os estudos em peixes de Cananéia apresentaram os seguintes valores médios (ng g-1 em peso seco): músculo (64,7 ± 22,6), pele (124,0 ± 60,1), fígado (164,0 ± 79,2) e rim (9,1 ± 9,9). No estuário de Santos, os tecidos de peixes apresentaram os seguintes valores médios (ng g-1 em peso seco): músculo (95,0 ± 90,1), pele (438,0 ± 437,0), fígado (274,0 ±147,0) e rim (60,7 ± 35,6). Houve diferença significativa entre as amostras analisadas nos tecidos de peixes de Cananéia e Santos evidenciando diferenças de acúmulo de LABs de acordo com o nível de antropização. A detecção de LABs nestas matrizes evidenciou a sua capacidade de acúmulo e reflete a exposição ao esgoto e portanto pode ser utilizadas no monitoramento ambiental. / The sewage disposal in coastal areas can cause impacts to marine life, altering the balance of the ecosystem and biodiversity and causing serious diseases in humans. In this study, the concentration of a set of molecular markers for the introduction of organic sewage into the marine environment: linear alkylbenzene (LAB), in samples of sediment, oysters (Crassostrea brasiliana), mussels (Mytella charruana and Mytella guyanensis) and fish (Mugil curema) (Valenciennes, 1836) from Cananéia - Iguape and Santos - São Vicente estuaries, located in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. LABs concentrations (dry weight) found in sediment samples from Cananéia ranged from <1.0 to 80.6 ng g-1 and from Santos ranged from 6.7 to 1234.0 ng g-1. In bivalve molluscs of Cananéia, the concentrations were in the range 90 to 1849 ng g-1 (dry weight) and in Santos, the concentrations ranged from 110 to 50495 ng g-1 (dry weight). Studies in fish from Cananéia showed the following average values (ng g-1 - dry weight): muscle (64.7 ± 22.6), skin (124.0 ± 60.1), liver (164.0 ± 79.2) and kidney (9.1 ± 9.9). In the Santos estuary, the fish tissue showed the following average values (ng g-1 - dry weight): muscle (95,0 ± 90.1), skin (438 ± 437), liver (274 ± 147) and kidney (60.7 ± 35.6). There were significant differences between the samples of tissues of fish from Cananéia and Santos showing differences in accumulation of LABs according to the level of anthropogenic occupation. The LABs detection in these matrices demonstrated their ability to accumulate and reflects the exposure to sewage and therefore can be used in environmental monitoring.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-08-31T17:58:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Rafaela de Sousa Gomes.pdf: 1653692 bytes, checksum: 31b6b096a06b65f4844bd7dc42f042a8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-31T17:58:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Rafaela de Sousa Gomes.pdf: 1653692 bytes, checksum: 31b6b096a06b65f4844bd7dc42f042a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-23 / CAPES / FAPERJ / Shallow coastal marine systems are highly productive and widely recognized by their roles as important habitats for several bottom dwelling or water column fish and invertebrate species. Several mechanisms can influence fish distribution among the coastal marine systems, such as biotic interaction (e.g. predation, competition) and abiotic influences (e.g. type of sediment, turbidity). This study was carried out in sandy beaches of coastal systems that included unsheltered oceanic beaches and sandy beaches in two large embayment (Sepetiba and Ilha Grande). Quarterly samplings were performed to collect fishes, sediment and to measure environmental variables in three sandy beaches of each system during 2014 and 2015. The aim were: 1) to determine and compare the relationship fish and benthic invertebrate among the three systems, and to detect eventual influences of environmental variables on the structure of these two biotic communities and, 2) to compare the ichthyofauna in relation to beta diversity, taxonomic distinctiveness and environmental heterogeneity, to test the hypothesis that systems with high environmental heterogeneity have higher beta diversity. Granulometric composition and environmental variables differed among the systems, with comparatively higher turbidity in the Sepetiba Bay, lower nutrient concentrations in the Ilha Grande Bay and higher salinity in the Oceanic Beaches. The highest abundance of benthic invertebrate was found in the bays, whereas the Oceanic Beaches have the lowest numbers, which can be associated to physical dynamic of wave action in the this latter system that can the potentiality to remove invertebrate from the sediments, resulting in their exposure to predation. Fish and benthic invertebrate were influenced by environmental variables but no significant correlation was found between fish and invertebrate communities. However, some specific strong relationship was found between particular species of fish and invertebrate. For example, the flatfish Citharichthys spilopterus was positively related to representant of the Crustacean from Amphipoda and Tanaidacea orders, and from Polychaeta of Opheliida and Polygordiida orders, suggesting a dependence relationship between fish and invertebrates that can be used as fish feeding prey. The coastal systems did not differ in environmental heterogeneity, whereas the beta diversity was highest in the Ilha Grande Bay, which is probably associated to better preservation of their beaches. We did not detect significant relationship between beta diversity and environmental heterogeneity, which can be attributed to the examined environmental variables that did not influence markedly fish distribution. Taxonomic distinctiveness had positive correlation with species richness, thus the higher the richness the higher the taxonomic distinctiveness that can be associated to interspecific relationship, since species closely related tend to compete for similar resources. Thus, the addition of new phylogenetically distant species will occupy different niches. We suggest that fish turnover (beta diversity) should be included in environmental management plans, as a tool to supply the basis to selection size of areas to be priorized for conservation, aiming to protect the maximum of biological diversity. / Ambientes marinhos costeiros rasos s?o altamente produtivos e amplamente reconhecidos como importantes habitats para muitas esp?cies de peixes e invertebrados associados ao substrato ou ? coluna da ?gua. Diversos mecanismos podem influenciar a distribui??o de peixes entre os sistemas costeiros marinhos, como intera??es biol?gicas (e.g., preda??o, competi??o) e abi?ticas (e.g., tipo de sedimento, turbidez). O presente trabalho foi realizado em sistemas costeiros na regi?o sul do estado do Rio de Janeiro, que incluem praias arenosas oce?nicas desprotegidas e praias arenosas dentro de dois grandes sistemas de ba?as (Sepetiba e Ilha Grande). Amostragens de peixes, sedimento e tomada de vari?veis ambientais foram realizadas trimestralmente em tr?s praias arenosas de cada sistema durante os anos de 2014 e 2015. Os objetivos foram: 1) determinar e comparar a rela??o entre peixes e invertebrados bent?nicos entre os tr?s sistemas costeiros, e detectar eventuais influ?ncias das vari?veis ambientais na estrutura destas duas comunidades bi?ticas; e 2) comparar a ictiofauna em rela??o ? diversidade beta, distin??o taxon?mica e heterogeneidade ambiental, visando testar a hip?tese de que ambientes com maior heterogeneidade ambiental apresentam maior diversidade beta. A composi??o granulom?trica e as vari?veis ambientais variaram significativamente entre os sistemas costeiros, com maior turbidez na Ba?a de Sepetiba, maior salinidade nas praias oce?nicas e menores concentra??es de nutrientes na Ba?a da Ilha Grande. A maior abund?ncia de invertebrados bent?nicos foi observada nas ba?as, com a Ba?a de Ilha Grande destacando-se pelo maior n?mero de indiv?duos, enquanto as praias oce?nicas apresentaram as menores ocorr?ncias, o que pode estar associado a fatores f?sicos, principalmente a a??o de ondas, que pode remover invertebrados do sedimento, acarretando numa maior exposi??o ? preda??o. As composi??es de peixes e invertebrados bent?nicos foram influenciadas pelas vari?veis ambientais e a comunidade de invertebrados bent?nicos n?o apresentou correla??o significativa com a ictiofauna, entretanto algumas correla??es pontuais consistentes foram observadas entre peixes e invertebrados. Por exemplo, o linguado Citharichthys spilopterus, foi positivamente correlacionado com representantes de Crustacea das ordens Amphipoda e Tanaid?cea e Polychaeta das ordens Opheliida e Polygordiida, o que sugere uma rela??o de depend?ncia destes peixes por estes invertebrados que podem estar sendo utilizados como recursos alimentares. Os sistemas costeiros n?o diferiram quanto ? heterogeneidade ambiental, enquanto a diversidade beta foi maior na Baia da Ilha Grande, o que pode estar associado ao estado de melhor preserva??o dos locais amostrados. N?o foi encontrada rela??o significativa entre a diversidade beta e a heterogeneidade ambiental, o que pode ser atribu?do ? escolha das vari?veis ambientais que n?o influenciam na distribui??o da ictiofauna. A distin??o taxon?mica apresentou correla??o positiva com a riqueza de esp?cies. Assim, quanto maior o n?mero de esp?cies, maior a distin??o taxon?mica e esse fato pode estar relacionado a intera??es interespec?ficas, j? que esp?cies proximamente relacionadas geralmente competem pelos mesmos recursos, assim a adi??o de novas esp?cies distanciadas filogeneticamente ocuparia diferentes nichos. Sugerimos que a rotatividade da ictiofauna (diversidade beta) deve ser considerada em planos de gerenciamento ambiental, j? que esta ferramenta pode fornecer bases para sele??o e delineamento de tamanhos de ?reas priorizadas para a conserva??o, visando proteger o m?ximo da diversidade biol?gica.

Den globala havsnivåhöjningen är en direkt följd av den globala uppvärmningen och kommer i framtiden påverka stora områden i kustregionen. Syftet med detta arbete är att öka förståelsen samt se hur Gotlands strandängar samt kustområden kan påverkas av havsnivåhöjningen år 2100 och se vilka eventuella följder detta kan leda till. Metoderna som har använts är GIS-analys och litteraturstudier. Höjdmodeller med olika upplösning jämfördes även för att undersöka vilka som lämpar sig till en liknande analys inför framtida studier. Resultatet visar att vid en havsnivåhöjning på 1 m kommer 97 % av strandängarna försvinna och vid en havsnivåhöjning på 2 m försvinner 99 % av de gotländska strandängarna. För att nybildande av strandängar kring kusten ska vara möjligt så krävs en markanvändning som stödjer detta i form av bete och slåtter. Jämförelsen mellan de olika höjdmodellerna visar att en upplösning på 50 m inte lämpar sig för en studie av detta slag men en upplösning på 10 m kan användas om en höjdmodell med bättre upplösning inte är tillgänglig. Kring kusten finns många bostäder och samhällen som kommer drabbas till stor del vid en havsnivåhöjning på 2 m och detta bör tas på stort allvar. Planering samt åtgärder kring denna problematik i framtiden bör prioriteras av Region Gotland. / Sea-level rise is a direct result of global warming. In the future, large coastal areas will be greatly affected by this phenomenon all over the world. In this thesis, the method is to assess the size of the potential area influenced by sea-level rise along the coast of Gotland. Methods used are literature studies and GIS-analysis. The aim of this thesis is to investigate how Gotland’s shore meadows and coastal areas will be affected by a sealevel rise in the year 2100 and find out possible consequences that could follow. Also, a comparison is made between digital elevation models of three different resolutions, 2 m, 10 m and 50 m, to find out which resolution that is the appropriate to assist studies like this in the future. The results show that in case of a sea-level rise with 1 m 97 % of the shore meadows will disappear and in case of a sea-level rise with 2 m 99 % of the shore meadows will disappear. For these important land areas to be preserved and recreated the land use must be modified for this purpose. The comparison between the different digital elevation models shows that a resolution of 50 m is not appropriate for this kind of study but a resolution of 10 m is acceptable when no better resolution is available. The coast of Gotland is a popular living area and many small communities lie there. Many of these areas are at risk of being affected by future sea-level rise and this threat must be taken seriously by the municipality of Gotland.

A disposição de esgoto em áreas costeiras pode causar impactos para a vida marinha, alterando a biodiversidade e o equilíbrio do ecossistema chegando a causar graves doenças nos seres humanos. Neste estudo, determinou-se a concentração de um conjunto de marcadores orgânicos moleculares de introdução de esgoto no ambiente marinho: alquilbenzeno lineares (LABs) em amostras de sedimento, ostras (Crassostrea brasiliana), mexilhões (Mytella charruana e Mytella guyanensis) e peixes (Mugil curema) (Valenciennes, 1836) nos Estuário de Cananéia - Iguape e Santos - São Vicente, SP, Brasil. As concentrações de LABs (peso seco) encontradas em amostras de sedimento de Cananéia variaram de <1,0 a 80,6 ng g-1 e em Santos variaram de 6,7 a 1234,0 ng g-1. Em moluscos bivalves as concentrações detectadas em Cananéia encontravam-se na faixa de 90 a 1849 ng g-1(peso seco) e em Santos as concentrações variaram de 110 a 50495 ng g-1(peso seco). Os estudos em peixes de Cananéia apresentaram os seguintes valores médios (ng g-1 em peso seco): músculo (64,7 ± 22,6), pele (124,0 ± 60,1), fígado (164,0 ± 79,2) e rim (9,1 ± 9,9). No estuário de Santos, os tecidos de peixes apresentaram os seguintes valores médios (ng g-1 em peso seco): músculo (95,0 ± 90,1), pele (438,0 ± 437,0), fígado (274,0 ±147,0) e rim (60,7 ± 35,6). Houve diferença significativa entre as amostras analisadas nos tecidos de peixes de Cananéia e Santos evidenciando diferenças de acúmulo de LABs de acordo com o nível de antropização. A detecção de LABs nestas matrizes evidenciou a sua capacidade de acúmulo e reflete a exposição ao esgoto e portanto pode ser utilizadas no monitoramento ambiental. / The sewage disposal in coastal areas can cause impacts to marine life, altering the balance of the ecosystem and biodiversity and causing serious diseases in humans. In this study, the concentration of a set of molecular markers for the introduction of organic sewage into the marine environment: linear alkylbenzene (LAB), in samples of sediment, oysters (Crassostrea brasiliana), mussels (Mytella charruana and Mytella guyanensis) and fish (Mugil curema) (Valenciennes, 1836) from Cananéia - Iguape and Santos - São Vicente estuaries, located in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. LABs concentrations (dry weight) found in sediment samples from Cananéia ranged from <1.0 to 80.6 ng g-1 and from Santos ranged from 6.7 to 1234.0 ng g-1. In bivalve molluscs of Cananéia, the concentrations were in the range 90 to 1849 ng g-1 (dry weight) and in Santos, the concentrations ranged from 110 to 50495 ng g-1 (dry weight). Studies in fish from Cananéia showed the following average values (ng g-1 - dry weight): muscle (64.7 ± 22.6), skin (124.0 ± 60.1), liver (164.0 ± 79.2) and kidney (9.1 ± 9.9). In the Santos estuary, the fish tissue showed the following average values (ng g-1 - dry weight): muscle (95,0 ± 90.1), skin (438 ± 437), liver (274 ± 147) and kidney (60.7 ± 35.6). There were significant differences between the samples of tissues of fish from Cananéia and Santos showing differences in accumulation of LABs according to the level of anthropogenic occupation. The LABs detection in these matrices demonstrated their ability to accumulate and reflects the exposure to sewage and therefore can be used in environmental monitoring.

Cette thèse doctorale porte sur la gestion des risques d’inondation et des capacités d’adaptation des zones côtières, notamment face au changement climatique. Le contexte actuel est tel que la vulnérabilité face aux aléas d’inondation est amplifiée par les phénomènes du changement climatique et par la forte exposition, des personnes et des biens, en zones à risques. Sous le cadre général du projet européen Theseus ’’Innovative technologies for safer European coasts in a changing climate’’, ce travail de recherche s’est, en particulier, appuyé sur une étude de cas en France : l’estuaire de la Gironde.L’objectif de ce travail est de proposer un cadre alternatif d’adaptation de la gestion des inondations, à l’égard des incertitudes liées au contexte climatique.Dans cet objectif, cette recherche est partie d’une étude d’exploration, des perceptions locales vis-à-vis des inondations, pour analyser ensuite la gestion actuelle, sous forme de combinaison entre mesures structurelles et non structurelles.La publication d’articles scientifiques, contenus dans ce rapport, cristallise l’essentiel des résultats obtenus et illustre la démarche itérative de progression, entre le recueil des données du terrain et l’analyse des concepts théoriques.Cette thèse doctorale a abouti à la proposition d’un cadre opérationnel de renforcement de la résilience appliqué à l’aménagement du territoire, aux systèmes d’alerte, aux plans d’évacuation, aux plans de continuité de fonctionnement, aux programmes d’assurance et à la gestion du post-trauma. / This PhD thesis deals with the flood risk management and the adaptation capacities of coastal areas, in regard of the climate change.Currently, the flood hazard vulnerability is aggravated by both the climate change phenomenon and the huge exposure, of people and assets, in risk areas. In the general framework of Theseus european project, this research work has particularly focused on the Gironde estuary, in France, as a case study.The aim of this work is to provide an alternative framework of adaptation for the flood risk management, in regard of the climate change related uncertainties.In this order, our research is initiated by anexploratory study , of the local perception toward the flood hazard, followed by the analysis of the current flood risk management, as a set of structural and nonstructural measures.The published papers, included in this report, summarize our results and illustrate our iterative approach between the field data collection and the theoretical concepts analysis.This thesis research has led to put forward an operationnal framework to enhance the resilience applied to land use planning, warning systems and evacuation plans, business recovery plans, insurance programs and post trauma management.