Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T14:42:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Merce Muller.pdf: 3741907 bytes, checksum: 276d3c9db2ce046554ccd50d42c5dbb6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-08 / This research aimed as the main purpose analyses the perspectives of the rural young women who studies at Fronteira Sul Federal University(UFFS) -campus Realeza-PR, in relation to their permanency in the countryside. We have as a hypothesis that the entry into University is due to the pursuit of finding a professional qualification in order to remain in the countryside. This study was made with young rural students who studies in the graduation courses offered at campus Realeza-PR. To develop the analyses, we worked with these young rural women whose identified themselves as rural women, and entered in the University during the period from 2010 to 2013, with age between 15 and 29 years old. We used as methodological proceeding, the qualitative and quantitative parameters to get information, applying surveys and interviews to the young women. To understand the reality faced by the young women interviewed, it was necessary to study the aspects about rural youth approaching, in studies of the problems faced in the farming which influences on the future plans of these rural young women. Moreover, the aspects of the patriarchy family and conflicts of generations which are present on the farming, contribute to deciding the permanence. Studies have shown that lack of autonomy to the implantation of changes in the family production unit, the economic troubles faced by farmers and the professional qualification can contribute to the future projects aimed by the young rural women, besides, they have several objectives from professional qualification, and aspects related to their familiar production unit influences their professional projects. / A pesquisa teve como objetivo principal analisar as perspectivas das jovens rurais que estudam na Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS) Campus Realeza PR, em relação à permanência no espaço rural. Tendo como hipótese que o ingresso no ensino superior é pela busca de qualificação profissional, com o intuito de permanecer no espaço rural. O estudo foi realizado com jovens rurais que estudam nos cursos de graduação ofertados no Campus Realeza-PR. Para desenvolver a análise, trabalhamos com as jovens rurais que se identificaram como tal, ingressaram no período de 2010 a2013, e na faixa etária de 15 a29 anos. Utilizamos como procedimentos metodológicos, para a produção das informações, métodos qualitativos e quantitativos, com aplicação de questionários e entrevistas às jovens rurais. Para compreensão da realidade vivida pelas pesquisadas, foi necessário estudar aspectos sobre a juventude rural, com abordagens em estudos realizados, problemas enfrentados na agricultura e que influenciam nos projetos futuros das jovens rurais. Além disso, aspectos do patriarcado e conflitos de geração, que estão presentes na agricultura e contribuem sobre a decisão de permanência. Estudos têm demonstrado que a falta de autonomia para implantação de mudanças na unidade produtiva familiar, as dificuldades econômicas enfrentadas pelos agricultores e a formação profissional podem contribuir para que as jovens rurais projetem seu futuro profissional fora do espaço rural, sem contar, que as jovens rurais possuem objetivos os mais variados a partir da formação profissional, e que aspectos relacionados às famílias nas unidades produtivas influenciam na construção dos seus projetos profissionais.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:30:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO_VALDIR.pdf: 3293789 bytes, checksum: db58e879bfb5349e9cdcc94927611b4e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-30 / The western region of Santa Catarina is based in the dependence of large economic agro-industrial groups, as BRF, Aurora and Diplomata Industrial and Commercial LTD, which dominate the sector of poultry/pork and its derivatives. In the dialectical relation between the countryside, the city and the agroindustry, the workers have been often qualified/disqualified to take care of the production s interest and the capital s reproduction, imposed by the agro-industrial complex which tries to meet the international market s demands. When the workers qualify/disqualify, they live a contradictory process and a confrontation in the social relations of the production (KUENZER, 2011). When the capital requires more education of the proletarian, it simplifies the activities in the industry, developing the capitalist pedagogy of the skills and competencies, because it expropriates the knowledge in the work relations and internalizes the estranged productions forms. So the worker tries to enlarge the formal schooling, however he/she continues in the employed conditions of the agroindustry, which often tries to capture the subjectivity for the forms consensus of the capitalist production, involving the proletarian in the fabric of the control and mastery s relations. The study s area comprises the municipality of Xaxim, in the Western Catarinense, characterized by the presence of large agro-industrial groups, besides of a significant trade and service s sector. The period to be searched involves the decades from 1960 to 2010, characterized by deep transformations in the labor s world. / A região Oeste de Santa Catarina tem como base à dependência com grandes grupos econômicos agroindustriais, como a BRF, Aurora e Diplomata Industrial e Comercial LTDA, que dominam o setor de carnes de aves/suínos e seus derivados. Na relação dialética entre o campo, a cidade e a agroindústria, os trabalhadores, vêm constantemente se qualificando/desqualificando para atender os interesses da produção e reprodução do capital, impostas pelos complexos agroindustriais que buscam atender às exigências do mercado internacional. Ao se qualificar/desqualificar, o trabalhador vive um processo contraditório e de confronto nas relações sociais de produção (KUENZER, 2011). O capital ao exigir maior escolarização do proletário, simplifica as atividades no interior da indústria, desenvolvendo a pedagogia capitalista das habilidades e competências, pois expropria o saber nas relações de trabalho e internaliza as formas de produção estranhadas. Assim o trabalhador busca ampliar a escolarização formal, porém permanece nas condições assalariadas da agroindústria, que busca constantemente capturar a subjetividade para o consenso das formas de produção capitalistas, envolvendo o proletário na trama das relações de controle e domínio. A área de estudo compreende o município de Xaxim, no Oeste Catarinense, caracterizado pela presença de grandes grupos agroindustriais, além de um significativo setor de comércio e serviços. O período a ser pesquisado compreende as décadas de 1960 a 2010, caracterizado por profundas transformações no campo e na cidade, resultado da reestruturação produtiva do capital e das transformações no mundo do trabalho.

This master thesis is aimed at the didactic concept of natural communities at village schools with age-mixed-pupil classes. The introductory part summarizes basic facts of the classes, the natural communities such as the forest, meadow, water and its basic characteristics. This part also outlines views of teaching natural science to young pupils by different authors. The second part consists of suggested teaching methods, discussion with hunters and teaching with walks in the countryside. The suggested teaching methods have been thaught at two different age-mixed-pupil classes. Success of the teaching methods has been scrutinized through a test the pupils have worked with two times, before and after the teaching. The final part of the thesis sums up the conditions, process, acquired knowledge and the evaluation of the methods.

Agricultural environments are critical to the conservation of biota throughout the world. This is due both to the limited extent of current reserve systems and the large, and still expanding, proportion of terrestrial environments already dominated by agricultural land-uses. Consequently, there is a growing call from scientists around the world for the need to maximise the conservation value of agricultural environments. Efforts to identify key influences on the conservation status of fauna in agricultural landscapes have taken complementary approaches. Many studies have focussed on the role of remnant or semi-natural vegetation, and emphasised the influence on biota of spatial patterns in the landscape. Others have recognised that many species use diverse ‘countryside’ elements (matrix habitats) within farmland, and emphasise the benefits of landscape heterogeneity for conservation. Here, these research themes have been combined. This study takes a whole-of-landscape approach to investigating how landscape pattern and countryside heterogeneity influence the occurrence of birds in agricultural environments. Birds were sampled in 27 agricultural mosaics, each 1 km x 1 km in size (100 ha), in Gippsland, south-eastern Australia. Mosaics were selected to incorporate variation in two landscape properties: the cover of native vegetation, and richness of different types of element (i.e. land-uses/vegetation types). In each mosaic, 15 fixed sampling locations were stratified among seven different elements in proportion to their cover in the mosaic: native vegetation, linear vegetation, tree plantation, scattered paddock trees, pasture, wetlands and farm dams. Six point counts of birds were undertaken at all sample points in each mosaic: three each in the breeding and non-breeding months of a one-year period (October 2004 – August 2005). Independent measures of the composition, configuration, and heterogeneity of elements in the mosaic had differing effects on the richness of bird species recorded in these same mosaics. Sub-groups of birds based on habitat requirements responded most strongly to the extent of preferred element types in mosaics. Woodland birds (those of greatest conservation concern in farmland environments in Australia) were richer in mosaics with higher cover of native vegetation while open-tolerant species responded to the extent of scattered trees. In contrast, for total species richness, mosaic heterogeneity (richness of element types) and landscape context (cover of native vegetation in surrounding area) had the greatest influence. Mosaic structural properties also influenced the composition of entire bird assemblages in study mosaics. Avifaunal composition showed systematic variation along two main gradients which were readily interpreted in relation to landscape properties: 1) a gradient in the cover of wooded vegetation and, 2) the proportional composition of vegetation types in the mosaic. These gradients represent common trajectories of landscape modification associated with agricultural development: namely, the removal of wooded vegetation and the replacement of native species with exotic vegetation (e.g. crops and plantations). Species possessing different characteristics in relation to three avian life-history traits (nest type, feeding guild and clutch size) varied significantly in their position along these gradients of landscape modification. Species with different nesting requirements showed a strong relationship with the gradient in wooded vegetation cover while species belonging to different feeding guilds were influenced by the gradient defined by the replacement of native vegetation with exotic species. More bird species were recorded in native vegetation than in any other type of element sampled in this study. Nevertheless, most countryside elements had value for many species; particularly structurally complex elements such as scattered trees and tree plantation. Further, each type of landscape element contained different bird assemblages. Species that were recorded in a greater number of different types of landscape element were also recorded in more mosaics. This was true for all species and for woodland birds, and indicates that species that can use a greater range of countryside elements may have an increased tolerance of future landscape modification. The richness of woodland species at survey sites in different elements was influenced by features of the mosaic in which they occurred. Notably, the richness of woodland bird species recorded at sites in scattered trees and pasture increased with a greater cover of native vegetation in the overall mosaic. Of the overall pool of woodland bird species documented in the broader study region, 35% of species were not recorded in the agricultural mosaics sampled here. While many of these species were uncommon in the study area, or were associated with vegetation communities infrequently sampled in mosaics, this shows that conservation efforts in agricultural landscapes will not be appropriate for all species. For those woodland species that were recorded, measures of the extent of wooded vegetation cover had a strong, positive influence on the frequency of occurrence of individual species in mosaics. Thus, individual species of woodland bird occurred more frequently in mosaics with a greater cover of wooded vegetation. Nine woodland species showed a stronger response to measures of vegetation cover that included tree plantation and/or scattered trees than to the cover of native vegetation alone. For these species, structurally complex countryside elements provide valuable supplementary habitat at the landscape scale. Results of this study show that landscape properties influence the occurrence of birds in agricultural mosaics. The extent of cover of element types, particularly native vegetation, had the strongest influence on all measures of bird occurrence in mosaics. Thus, native vegetation is vital for the persistence of birds in farmland landscapes and is the primary element on which conservation efforts in these environments depend. Nevertheless, with careful management, countryside elements may provide additional conservation benefits for many bird species. Countryside elements made an important contribution to landscape heterogeneity, the landscape property with greatest influence on overall bird richness in mosaics. Countryside elements also increased the structural complexity of cleared agricultural land, and so have the capacity to enhance connectivity in fragmented landscapes. A focus on these factors (landscape heterogeneity and structural complexity) will provide the greatest opportunities for using countryside elements to increase the conservation value of farmland environments for native fauna. The relatively small scale of this study indicates that the cumulative effect of even small elements in farm mosaics contributes to the structural properties of entire landscapes. Critically, this emphasises the important contribution that individual landholders can make to nature conservation in agricultural environments.

No description available.

No description available.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Ashland Theological Seminary, 2002. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 164-172).

This thesis concerns Malung and the annual music and dance festival Dansbandsveckan. The aim is to study collective identity and memory processes connected to this event among the local residents, and to find how aspects of Dansbandsveckan relates to the local history in Malung. The study is based on interviews and observations and the central theoretical concepts used are memory, identity and community. These concepts highlight process, the evolving structures in negotiating different aspects of Dansbandsveckan among the locals. The result shows that Dansbandsveckan is indeed a central economical and social component for the local residents, although they do not take part in the main feature of the event – the dance. Instead other arenas are claimed by the locals and used to strengthen aspects of the social memory and collective identity of Malung. The way the event is organized and structured connects it to the local history through values and ideals such as entrepreneurship and volunteerism. The fading of the old collective identity, the leather industry, is an ongoing trauma for the community since the symbolically important tannery burned down in 2014. Dansbandsveckan claims a stronger presence in the social memory every year and is slowly becoming a new cornerstone in Malungs collective identity as the leather will either slide further into the forgotten or become institutionalized in the cultural memory.

Between 1991 and 1996 the number of German second home owners in Sweden increased from about 1,500 to more than 5,500. The purpose of this thesis is to give a comprehensive description and analysis of the German cottage purchases in Sweden, 1991-96. In detail, the motives of the cottage buyers, the circumstances, the geographical patterns of cottage ownership, its diffusion, the integration of the cottage owners, and their expenses in the receiving areas are investigated. The analysis is based on two main sources; (a) an unique database UMCOBASE covering all second homes in Sweden; (b) a survey among 91 German second home owners. Second home ownership is considered as touriste product and as semi-permanent migration to the countryside. These perspectives have in common the importance of the role of the positive image of the countryside. Differences in property prices and climate may also attract second home owners to a specific area. It is argued that changes in the German society form a considerable driving force. Stress and life in the large metropolitan areas as well as the political situation after German reunification contribute not only to this interest for second home living, for the countryside, but also for Sweden, often seen as a shining example. Many German images of Sweden are based on popular writings and movies of the Swedish children's author Astrid Lindgren. Sweden provides the German cottagers with the requested environments and the availability of housing, cheap property prices, and rather short distances make the interior parts of southern Sweden an ideal destination for the mixture of households with different individual motivations and preferences mainly from Hamburg and Berlin. The internationalization of the economy and the globalization of culture make it easier to purchase a second home abroad. In this case, the growth of German second home ownership in Sweden can be considered as a colonization of the Swedish countryside. The diffusion of cottage ownership is enhanced and directed by the innovators who due to their social networks attract new cottagers to the same area. A very important precondition for the increased German interest in Swedish cottages was the decline of the Swedish currency in 1992 allowing purchases at a cheaper price. The fact that the real estate agencies focused on the German market may be another reason for the increase, and also for the distribution of German cottage ownership within Sweden. The German second home patterns are also analyzed employing multiple regression analysis. It is shown that the distance between ferry harbors and second homes is a major restriction for the distribution of German cottage ownership in Sweden. Even future growth will take place in areas where German cottage owners are present today. The multi-functionality of the countryside caused competition regarding land-use and decision-making power between rural residents, tourists, and agents of other interests. Even if second home tourists and the permanent residents share a lot of interests, integration into the local community can be difficult. It is argued that the German cottagers are leisure gentrifiers consuming the countryside as a leisure resource only. Second home owners are faithful tourists who visit the second home area frequently and stay for a long time. This entails that they also spend a considerable amount of money in the host community. Hence, some jobs in the research area are more or less dependent on the expenditures of the German cottage owners. Despite being motivated, most German cottagers have problems integrating into the host community. The German cottagers seem to adapt to this situation by meeting with each other and by applying a conservative eco-strategy, thus converting their surroundings into their imaginary Swedish countryside. The post-war societies in the western world are characterized by rapid changes. The recent interest in second homes can be read as a rejection of modern life, because the cottage might be the continuous place in life. It is argued, however, that the second home is attractive because it blurs the strict separation of everyday life and tourism. / digitalisering@umu

Det ”alternativa livet” kan ses som en motrörelse till urbanisering, ökad konsumtion och ett allt snabbare tempo i samhället. Detta är en kvalitativ studie med syftet att undersöka det alternativa livet. Sex informanter intervjuades om deras upplevelser och uppfattningar av det alternativa livet. Intervjuerna transkriberades och analyserades utifrån en induktiv tematisk metod. Gemensamt för alla informanter är att de vill leva enkelt utifrån grundläggande behov, leva nära naturen, reducera saker livet som de upplever mindre viktiga, anta utmaningar och få mer tid över för sådant de upplever meningsfullt. Genom reduktion upplever infomanterna en större livskvalité och närvaro i nuet. Kombinationen av individuella faktorer och en vilja att leva mer miljömässigt hållbart kan ses som de stora orsakerna till varför de intervjuade väljer att leva alternativt. Resultaten har tolkats utifrån behovsmässig teori, existentiell psykologi och Antonovskys Känsla av Sammanhang. / The “alternative life” can be described as a counter movement to the urban society, increased consummation and a stressful lifestyle. The aim of this qualitative study is to examine the alternative life on the countryside. Six informants were interviewed about their experiences and views about the alternative life. The data is transcribed and analyzed with an inductive, thematic approach. The informants want to live with more simplicity, intimate with their basic needs, live close to nature, reducing less important things in life, challenging themselves and having more time for things they find meaningful. The informants experience more quality in life and presence in the moment through reduction. The main reasons for the informants to live an “alternative life” are the combination of individual factors and a desire to live more environmentally friendly. The results have been analyzed from behavioral theory, existential psychology and Antovskys “Sense of Coherence”.