O meio ambiente cultural, composto de natureza e cultura, é parte integrante do direito ambiental, e sua proteção caracteriza-se como direito constitucional fundamental de todo cidadão, vez que visa a manter viva a história e identidade de um povo, evitando dissipar a geração antecedente daquelas que ainda estão por vir. A preservação do patrimônio ambiental cultural pode ser considerada como o direito à preservação do meio ambiente cultural, que é meio para a garantia da sadia qualidade de vida humana. Os valores que retratam a proteção do patrimônio ambiental cultural estão presentes no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, com previsão constitucional, infraconstitucional e legislações esparsas, com caráter nacional e internacional, voltadas à proteção desse patrimônio de forma abrangente. A tutela do patrimônio ambiental cultural, que porta referência à ação, à memória e à identidade do povo brasileiro, encontra guarida nos principais instrumentos jurídicos de tutela administrativa e judicial dos bens culturais, bem como naqueles de ordem local, regulamentados no Estatuto da Cidade e executados pelo Plano Diretor Municipal, os quais buscam tutelar e fiscalizar a proteção que faz jus o patrimônio cultural, mantendo preservado o meio ambiente cultural, histórico e paisagístico de uma comunidade, resguardando suas memórias históricas, suas origens, seus costumes e, em especial, sua identidade. A preservação do meio ambiente histórico e cultural de uma localidade, cidade ou região, deve ser incentivada na atual sociedade, pela própria comunidade local, que deverá reconhecer o valor intrínseco de cada bem que pretende ver preservado, bem como mediante políticas públicas que visem não deixar cair no esquecimento a história do povo que a colonizou, evitando dissipar a memória da geração antecedente. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-06-04T17:50:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Queli Mewius Boch.pdf: 6466022 bytes, checksum: 77d9a0c2fa0ea41c446923b46ef339b9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-04T17:50:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Queli Mewius Boch.pdf: 6466022 bytes, checksum: 77d9a0c2fa0ea41c446923b46ef339b9 (MD5) / The cultural environment, consisting of nature and culture, is an integral part of environmental law and its protection is characterized as a fundamental constitutional right of every citizen, as it seeks to keep alive the history and identity of a people, preventing the absorption of previous generation from those who are yet to come. The preservation of cultural heritage environment can be considered as the right to preservation of cultural environment, which is the way to guarantee healthy quality of life. The values that reflect the cultural heritage protection environment are present in Brazilian law, with constitutional and infra-constitutional provision and sparse legislation, with national and international character, that aim to protect this heritage in a comprehensive manner. The preservation of the cultural heritage environment, which carries a reference to action, memory and identity of the Brazilian people, find shelter in the main legal instruments for administrative and judicial protection of cultural property, as well as those of local order, regulated by the Statute of the City and performed by the Municipal Master Plan, which seek to protect and enforce the protection that lives up the cultural heritage preserved by keeping the cultural environment, history and landscape of a community, protecting its historic memories, their origins, their habits and, in particular, their identity. The preservation of historic and cultural environment of a city, town or region should be encouraged in today´s society, by the local community itself, which should recognize the intrinsic value of each item you want to see preserved as well as through public policies that do not allow the history of the colonized people to be forgotten, avoiding dispel the memory of the previous generation.

O meio ambiente cultural, composto de natureza e cultura, é parte integrante do direito ambiental, e sua proteção caracteriza-se como direito constitucional fundamental de todo cidadão, vez que visa a manter viva a história e identidade de um povo, evitando dissipar a geração antecedente daquelas que ainda estão por vir. A preservação do patrimônio ambiental cultural pode ser considerada como o direito à preservação do meio ambiente cultural, que é meio para a garantia da sadia qualidade de vida humana. Os valores que retratam a proteção do patrimônio ambiental cultural estão presentes no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, com previsão constitucional, infraconstitucional e legislações esparsas, com caráter nacional e internacional, voltadas à proteção desse patrimônio de forma abrangente. A tutela do patrimônio ambiental cultural, que porta referência à ação, à memória e à identidade do povo brasileiro, encontra guarida nos principais instrumentos jurídicos de tutela administrativa e judicial dos bens culturais, bem como naqueles de ordem local, regulamentados no Estatuto da Cidade e executados pelo Plano Diretor Municipal, os quais buscam tutelar e fiscalizar a proteção que faz jus o patrimônio cultural, mantendo preservado o meio ambiente cultural, histórico e paisagístico de uma comunidade, resguardando suas memórias históricas, suas origens, seus costumes e, em especial, sua identidade. A preservação do meio ambiente histórico e cultural de uma localidade, cidade ou região, deve ser incentivada na atual sociedade, pela própria comunidade local, que deverá reconhecer o valor intrínseco de cada bem que pretende ver preservado, bem como mediante políticas públicas que visem não deixar cair no esquecimento a história do povo que a colonizou, evitando dissipar a memória da geração antecedente. / The cultural environment, consisting of nature and culture, is an integral part of environmental law and its protection is characterized as a fundamental constitutional right of every citizen, as it seeks to keep alive the history and identity of a people, preventing the absorption of previous generation from those who are yet to come. The preservation of cultural heritage environment can be considered as the right to preservation of cultural environment, which is the way to guarantee healthy quality of life. The values that reflect the cultural heritage protection environment are present in Brazilian law, with constitutional and infra-constitutional provision and sparse legislation, with national and international character, that aim to protect this heritage in a comprehensive manner. The preservation of the cultural heritage environment, which carries a reference to action, memory and identity of the Brazilian people, find shelter in the main legal instruments for administrative and judicial protection of cultural property, as well as those of local order, regulated by the Statute of the City and performed by the Municipal Master Plan, which seek to protect and enforce the protection that lives up the cultural heritage preserved by keeping the cultural environment, history and landscape of a community, protecting its historic memories, their origins, their habits and, in particular, their identity. The preservation of historic and cultural environment of a city, town or region should be encouraged in today´s society, by the local community itself, which should recognize the intrinsic value of each item you want to see preserved as well as through public policies that do not allow the history of the colonized people to be forgotten, avoiding dispel the memory of the previous generation.

(English) Master thesis is focused on the influence of cultural environment on the user approach to social sites. First chapter of the theoretical part is oriented on the evolution of the human behaviour in the role of an active creator of the content in the hypertext. Next chapter examine the roots of the social networks' usage diversification in Japanese sociocultural environment. Special focus is given on the divergence of the social networks' usage comparing to the global standard. Also, the thesis is trying to reveal possible reasons of the Japanese usage specifics via exploring the historical evolution of the publishing of the users' content in Japan from the first blogs to the most popular social networks worldwide. These platforms are then analysed with emphasis put on description of the Japanese user specifics. In the practical part of the thesis we are trying to support the hypothesis that change of the cultural environment for the long time period (a year of longer) will lead to the change of the usage customs. Following study is concentrated on this question in order to answer it using half-structured interviews with the Japanese respondents who lived/is living in the Czech Republic for the time period longer/equal to one year. The results will be compared with the results from the same...

Studien undersöker den roll ljuset spelar för att skapa en trygg upplevelse i en kulturmiljö. Undersökningen genomförs i Tändsticksområdet som är ett före detta industriområde i Jönköping och har ett kulturhistoriskt värde. Målet med studien är att få kunskap om vilka regelverk som rör belysningen i Tändsticksområdet och vilka delar av regelverken som är viktigast gällande belysningen, ur ett trygghetsperspektiv. En fallstudie utfördes i Tändsticksområdet. Metoder i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer, trygghetsanalys med hjälp av en litteraturöversikt genomfördes. Intervjuerna genomfördes med fyra sakkunniga personer. Analyser utfördes i Tändsticksområdet vid ett flertal tillfällen. Resultatet visade att det viktigaste med arbete av belysning i kulturmiljöer är att belysningen ska passa in och framhäva det som redan finns där. I Tändsticksområdet är det kulturmiljölag (1988:950) som skyddar områdets kulturhistoriska värde. Vissa delar av belysningen i området kan bidra till en otrygg upplevelse då de bländar och ger obehag. För att ändra på belysningen i området måste förslaget tas upp via länsstyrelsen som kan diskutera och reagera på förslaget tillsammans med antikvariat. / The study examines the role that lighting roles in creating a safe experience in a cultural environment. The investigation was done in Tändsticksområdet, a former industrial area in Jönköping with cultural-historical value. The aim of the study is to gain knowledge about the regulations concerning lighting in Tändsticksområdet and identify the most significant aspects of these regulations in terms of lighting, from a safety perspective. A case study was conducted in Tändsticksområdet using methods such as semi-structured interviews, safety analysis, with help of an literature review. The interviews were conducted with four people that had experience within the area. Analyses were carried out in Tändsticksområdet in several occasions. The result showed that the most important thing when working with lighting in cultural environments is that the lighting should highlight what is already there. In Tändsticksområdet, it is the kulturmiljölag (1988:950)  that protects the area´s cultural-historical value. Certain parts of the lighting in the area can contribute to an unsafe experience as they cause glare and discomfort. To change the lighting in the area, the proposal must be taken up via the country administrative board, which can discuss and react to the proposal together with the antiquarian authority.

This diploma thesis focuses on integration of pupils with different maternal language to Czech primary schools. It concludes legislation of integration of foreign pupils in the Czech Republic. It suggests methodology and activities that can help foreign pupils to integrate to Czech school environment. It describes unsuccessful proces of integration as well. Practical part of this thesis is a case study that describes conception of integration in concrete primary school. KEY WORDS Integration of pupils with different maternal language, adaptation to different socio- cultural environment, individual approach, methodology of integration, inslusion, foreign pupil, Czech as the second language

Abstract The research is based on the historic wooden town as a cultural heritage site and as an everyday environment for its inhabitants. A cultural environment takes shape in interaction with people living it. In the preservation of a historic town finding a continuing balance between change and permanence has nevertheless become a challenging issue. This research examines the opportunities that a historic wooden town has of continued prosperity, taking as a starting point the safeguarding of its cultural environment as a good living environment. Empirical cases are Old Porvoo and Old Raahe. The significance of a historic wooden town as a living environment is examined in relation to the objectives of a heritage conservation as viewed by the authorities. Urban planning documents and personal interviews provide the research material. These depict the significance of a wooden town both as a place for living and as a cultural heritage site. Based on the holistic concept of man, the human-environment relationship is seen as one in which the individual has a chance for complete personal participation inseparable from the environment. Being content with the environment, the individual feels affinity to the options afforded and can make good use of them relatively independently. It is historically characteristic of wooden towns to be formed in a close interaction between the individual and the environment and to conform to real-life situations of its inhabitants. According to this research, this characteristic is also highly appreciated by the current inhabitants. It can also be seen as an important factor that guarantees the continuity of both a good living environment and the cultural-historical significance of these towns. Thus, the cultural-historical value can be seen as relating to the characteristic change of the environment as an expression of the human-environment relationship. Instead of material authenticity, of primary importance is the authenticity of a way of living coherent with the environment, which gains meaning when compatibility between people and their environment is found. Nevertheless, as the inhabitants’ sense of the qualities of the environment deepens, the need for material change decreases. Maintenance of the cultural environment is best sustained by humane way of life, made possible as the human-environment relationship deepens into holistic participation. The holistic preservation of the built environment means taking care of the whole – the mutual relationship between the individual and the environment. As humane work progresses in dialogue, it favours the unique quality of individuals and their personal life situations as the impulses of a culture. Holistic preservation can be further promoted by widening the expertise of cultural heritage in issues concerning human welfare, by co-operation between various administrative organs and also by strengthening the local communality. / Tiivistelmä Tutkimusasetelma perustuu historialliseen puukaupunkiin kulttuurihistoriallisesti arvokkaana suojelukohteena ja asukkaidensa arkiympäristönä. Kulttuuriympäristö muotoutuu vuorovaikutuksessa sitä elävän ihmisen kanssa. Sen suojelussa jatkuvuutta toteuttavan tasapainon löytäminen muutoksen ja säilyttämisen välille on muodostunut kuitenkin vaikeasti ratkaistavaksi kysymykseksi. Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan historiallisen puukaupungin jatkuvuuden mahdollisuuksia lähtökohtana kulttuuriympäristön suojelu hyvänä elinympäristönä. Empiiriset kohteet ovat Vanha Porvoo ja Vanha Raahe. Historiallisen puukaupungin merkitystä nykyihmisen elinympäristönä on tuotu esiin suhteessa rakennussuojeluviranomaisten asettamiin tavoitteisiin. Kaupunkisuunnittelun asiakirjoihin ja haastatteluihin perustuva aineisto kuvaa puukaupunkiin liitettyä merkityksenantoa elettynä ja suojeltuna. Holistiseen ihmiskäsitykseen perustuen inhimillisenä ympäristösuhteena on pidetty yksilön mahdollisuutta kokonaisvaltaiseen osallisuuteen ympäristöstään erottamattomana. Kokiessaan elinympäristönsä hyväksi ihminen oivaltaa sen tarjoamia mahdollisuuksia mieltymyksiään vastaaviksi ja voi niitä myös hyödyntää ympäristöön suhteellisen omaehtoisesti suuntautuen. Ihmisen ja ympäristön välittömässä suhteessa muotoutuminen ja elämäntilanteisiin vastaava joustavuus on puukaupungille historiallisesti ominainen rakentumisen tapa ja tutkimuksen perusteella myös nykyasukkaiden arvostama ominaisuus. Sitä voidaan pitää jatkuvuuden tekijänä sekä hyvän elinympäristön että kulttuurihistoriallisen merkityksen kannalta. Kulttuurihistoriallinen arvo voi siten liittyä ympäristölle luonteenomaiseen muuttumisen tapaan ihmisen ja ympäristön välisen suhteen ilmaisuna. Materiaalisen autenttisuuden sijasta primääriä on ympäristölle ominaisen elämäntavan autenttisuus, joka saa merkityksensä ihmisen ja ympäristön yhteensopivuuden löytymisestä. Asukkaan oivaltavuuden kasvaessa ympäristön tarjoamien mahdollisuuksien suhteen tarve aineelliseen muuttamiseen kuitenkin vähenee. Kulttuuriympäristön suojelussa jatkuva ylläpito toteutuu aidoimmillaan elämäntapaan sisäistyneenä inhimillisen asumisen taitona, joka kehittyy ympäristösuhteen syventyessä kokonaisvaltaiseksi osallisuudeksi. Rakennetun kulttuuriympäristön holistinen suojelu merkitsee kokonaisuuden eli ihmisen ja ympäristön välisen suhteen hoitamista. Tasavertaisissa vuorovaikutustilanteissa etenevänä ihmistyönä se suhtautuu suopeasti yksilölliseen ainutlaatuisuuteen ja henkilökohtaisiin elämäntilanteisiin kulttuurin tekijöinä. Holistista suojelua edistää kulttuuriperintöalan osaamispohjan laajentaminen ihmisen hyvinvointia koskevissa kysymyksissä, eri hallintokuntien välinen yhteistyö sekä paikkaan sitoutuneen yhteisöllisyyden vahvistaminen.

Abstract The research is based on the historic wooden town as a cultural heritage site and as an everyday environment for its inhabitants. A cultural environment takes shape in interaction with people living it. In the preservation of a historic town finding a continuing balance between change and permanence has nevertheless become a challenging issue. This research examines the opportunities that a historic wooden town has of continued prosperity, taking as a starting point the safeguarding of its cultural environment as a good living environment. Empirical cases are Old Porvoo and Old Raahe. The significance of a historic wooden town as a living environment is examined in relation to the objectives of a heritage conservation as viewed by the authorities. Urban planning documents and personal interviews provide the research material. These depict the significance of a wooden town both as a place for living and as a cultural heritage site. Based on the holistic concept of man, the human-environment relationship is seen as one in which the individual has a chance for complete personal participation inseparable from the environment. Being content with the environment, the individual feels affinity to the options afforded and can make good use of them relatively independently. It is historically characteristic of wooden towns to be formed in a close interaction between the individual and the environment and to conform to real-life situations of its inhabitants. According to this research, this characteristic is also highly appreciated by the current inhabitants. It can also be seen as an important factor that guarantees the continuity of both a good living environment and the cultural-historical significance of these towns. Thus, the cultural-historical value can be seen as relating to the characteristic change of the environment as an expression of the human-environment relationship. Instead of material authenticity, of primary importance is the authenticity of a way of living coherent with the environment, which gains meaning when compatibility between people and their environment is found. Nevertheless, as the inhabitants’ sense of the qualities of the environment deepens, the need for material change decreases. Maintenance of the cultural environment is best sustained by humane way of life, made possible as the human-environment relationship deepens into holistic participation. The holistic preservation of the built environment means taking care of the whole – the mutual relationship between the individual and the environment. As humane work progresses in dialogue, it favours the unique quality of individuals and their personal life situations as the impulses of a culture. Holistic preservation can be further promoted by widening the expertise of cultural heritage in issues concerning human welfare, by co-operation between various administrative organs and also by strengthening the local communality. / Tiivistelmä Tutkimusasetelma perustuu historialliseen puukaupunkiin kulttuurihistoriallisesti arvokkaana suojelukohteena ja asukkaidensa arkiympäristönä. Kulttuuriympäristö muotoutuu vuorovaikutuksessa sitä elävän ihmisen kanssa. Sen suojelussa jatkuvuutta toteuttavan tasapainon löytäminen muutoksen ja säilyttämisen välille on muodostunut kuitenkin vaikeasti ratkaistavaksi kysymykseksi. Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan historiallisen puukaupungin jatkuvuuden mahdollisuuksia lähtökohtana kulttuuriympäristön suojelu hyvänä elinympäristönä. Empiiriset kohteet ovat Vanha Porvoo ja Vanha Raahe. Historiallisen puukaupungin merkitystä nykyihmisen elinympäristönä on tuotu esiin suhteessa rakennussuojeluviranomaisten asettamiin tavoitteisiin. Kaupunkisuunnittelun asiakirjoihin ja haastatteluihin perustuva aineisto kuvaa puukaupunkiin liitettyä merkityksenantoa elettynä ja suojeltuna. Holistiseen ihmiskäsitykseen perustuen inhimillisenä ympäristösuhteena on pidetty yksilön mahdollisuutta kokonaisvaltaiseen osallisuuteen ympäristöstään erottamattomana. Kokiessaan elinympäristönsä hyväksi ihminen oivaltaa sen tarjoamia mahdollisuuksia mieltymyksiään vastaaviksi ja voi niitä myös hyödyntää ympäristöön suhteellisen omaehtoisesti suuntautuen. Ihmisen ja ympäristön välittömässä suhteessa muotoutuminen ja elämäntilanteisiin vastaava joustavuus on puukaupungille historiallisesti ominainen rakentumisen tapa ja tutkimuksen perusteella myös nykyasukkaiden arvostama ominaisuus. Sitä voidaan pitää jatkuvuuden tekijänä sekä hyvän elinympäristön että kulttuurihistoriallisen merkityksen kannalta. Kulttuurihistoriallinen arvo voi siten liittyä ympäristölle luonteenomaiseen muuttumisen tapaan ihmisen ja ympäristön välisen suhteen ilmaisuna. Materiaalisen autenttisuuden sijasta primääriä on ympäristölle ominaisen elämäntavan autenttisuus, joka saa merkityksensä ihmisen ja ympäristön yhteensopivuuden löytymisestä. Asukkaan oivaltavuuden kasvaessa ympäristön tarjoamien mahdollisuuksien suhteen tarve aineelliseen muuttamiseen kuitenkin vähenee. Kulttuuriympäristön suojelussa jatkuva ylläpito toteutuu aidoimmillaan elämäntapaan sisäistyneenä inhimillisen asumisen taitona, joka kehittyy ympäristösuhteen syventyessä kokonaisvaltaiseksi osallisuudeksi. Rakennetun kulttuuriympäristön holistinen suojelu merkitsee kokonaisuuden eli ihmisen ja ympäristön välisen suhteen hoitamista. Tasavertaisissa vuorovaikutustilanteissa etenevänä ihmistyönä se suhtautuu suopeasti yksilölliseen ainutlaatuisuuteen ja henkilökohtaisiin elämäntilanteisiin kulttuurin tekijöinä. Holistista suojelua edistää kulttuuriperintöalan osaamispohjan laajentaminen ihmisen hyvinvointia koskevissa kysymyksissä, eri hallintokuntien välinen yhteistyö sekä paikkaan sitoutuneen yhteisöllisyyden vahvistaminen.

This thesis focuses on the use of information technologies (ICT) in the development of children from families with low socio-economic background, specifically on the use of the Smart application. The theoretical part of the thesis discusses the specificity of the pre-school age from the perspectives of developmental psychology and social pedagogy. These disciplines are used to define the optimal characteristics and competencies necessary for school readiness. Next, specific aspects of school readiness and factors influencing this readiness are discussed. Relatedly, the specificities of upbringing in socially disadvantaged families and their impacts on child development are explored. In the following chapter, information technologies and their effects on child development are thoroughly discussed. The application Smart is then introduced, which is a specific tool designed to support the development of school readiness. The Smart application is then used in the empirical part of the thesis. Finally, at the end of the theoretical part, the diagnostic instrument Isophi is described. This instrument was used to evaluate the children participating in my research. The empirical part of the thesis describes a multiple case study of the development of children from families with low socio-economic...