Traditional dwellings have been exposed to environmental factors due to the increasing concentration in urban areas or reusing the dwellings for a different function that brings more profit. Tourism is one of the most important reasons for this transformation. Cappadocia is one of the regions where the transformation of historical structures into tourism facilities is common. In the last 5-10 years the concept of tourism and hotel management has changed and dwellings themselves were transformed to hotels and were called Boutique Hotels. And this transformation is mostly seen in &Uuml / rg&uuml / p. However, some problems are encountered in the transformation of traditional dwellings into Boutique Hotels. These problems are concerned with the difficulties experienced in interventions to the dwellings, positive and negative affects on environment and the legal problems pertaining the project, implementation and certification procedures. This thesis aims to question the harmony between the transformation in &Uuml / rg&uuml / p and the functional, physical, social and cultural aspects of the traditionaldwellings in &Uuml / rg&uuml / p, to assess the the implementations and their relations with environment relationships. In addition to this, taking the example of &Uuml / rg&uuml / p as a starting point, this thesis aims to discuss the relations between cultural identity and tourism, the positive and negative effects of tourism on traditional structure, and the balance between conservation and tourism. Taking into consideration the deficiencies in the legal definition and management criteria of Boutique Hotels, which are gradually becoming common, the discussion of the definition of Boutique Hotel is one of the important aims of this thesis.

This thesis tries to define &lsquo / landscape archaeology&rsquo / as a concept / it describes and analyzes the key landscape archaeology types, dynamics, and approaches. Then, it aims to define the landscape archaeological characteristics of the Troad Region in this context. The archaeological landscape character of the Troad Region shapes the importance of the area, not only for the Anatolian culture, but also for the European cultures and for archaeology discipline. Hence, the necessity of conservation works for the area with the horizon of this concept gains importance. Thesis defines what had been done for the area in terms of conservation and reviews the Long Term Development Plan prepared for the Troia Historical National Park Area. With a critical view of what has been done and what has not been done, it tries to emphasize the importance of grasping the landscape archaeological character of the area in conservation and management plan works. It gives a general guideline to ensure a sustainable future for the historic, cultural, social, economic and environmental nature and qualities of these kinds of areas.

<p>Denna kvalitativa studie bygger på intervjuer med sex svensklärare vid tre olika gymnasieskolor. Genom att göra parintervjuer med lärarna har jag undersökt hur de tolkar skrivningarna om kulturarv och kulturell mångfald i läroplanen, Lpf94. Jag har även frågat hur de anser att deras undervisning påverkas av dessa ord i läroplanen.</p><p>Orden kulturarv och kulturell mångfald är inte definierade i Lpf94. Lärarnas svar visar på hur denna brist på konkretisering av innehållet skapar viss osäkerhet men också speglar den bredd av tolkningar som det kan ge upphov till. Denna svårighet att definiera och ge utrymmer för en bredd i tolkningen är något som tidigare forskning också har påtalat.</p><p>Resultatet visar att dessa sex lärare är väl medvetna om det dubbla uppdraget, att förmedla kulturarvet och att ha en kulturell mångfald i undervisningen. Jag uppfattar att de har ett elevcentrerat perspektiv och att de i sina didaktiska val gärna vill att elevernas förutsättningar och villkor ska vara med och styra innehållet. Därför blir det många gånger elevens värld och elevens intressen som bidrar till den kulturella mångfalden men samtidigt strävar lärarna efter att både förmedla kulturarvet och att bredda elevernas syn på vad som är kulturell mångfald.</p>

The present study examines the spatial relationship between archaeological sites on the island of Roatán, Honduras and their topographical and biophysical location, as well as how these relationships are and continue to be impacted by the island's current socioeconomic context. Despite several studies and explorations conducted on the island's history, archaeology, and geography since the early twentieth century, little is known of its place and role within the larger cultural and socioeconomic spheres of interaction in this region: Mesoamerica and the Intermediate Area. Previous archaeological research has shown that hilltops on Roatán were chosen in prehispanic times for the location of the largest and most prominent sites, and several hypotheses have been put forward to explain the unique location of these sites. Despite the island's potential for addressing questions regarding the culture and history of this poorly understood region of Honduras, Roatán's status as Honduras' top tourist destination has resulted in the altering of its landscape in irreversible ways, including the destruction of archaeological sites. Given this unique situation, site preservation and the study of settlement patterns on Roatán are intricately related, and they both need to be carried out simultaneously if research into the past of this island is to continue, since without immediate site preservation what little we can learn on prehispanic settlement patterns might be lost. Using data compiled from previous archaeological research on Roatán, as well as data acquired through pedestrian survey carried out during the 2009 season of the University of South Florida (USF)'s Project Roatán, I have developed a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) geodatabase in order to provide a broader perspective on both prehispanic and modern settlement patterns. An analysis of site locations with regards to their topography shows that the majority of sites recorded on Roatán are in fact located on hilltops, an observation which, when complemented with other archaeological and ethnohistoric data from northeast Honduras, suggests a possible ritual importance of these spaces. An analysis of current settlement and urban growth patterns shows the degree to which development has encroached upon previously untouched areas of the island, which has impacted an increasing number of archaeological sites. I analyze the various factors and agents that have resulted in this situation, and highlight the need to carry out archaeological research that has heritage management and site preservation as one of its core priorities. These efforts must address the various components that define the management of archaeological heritage in Roatán and Honduras, including local socioeconomic context, national and international policy and law, as well as the various stakeholders with vested interests in cultural heritage. Due to the lack of adequate structures for managing and preserving archaeological resources on Roatán, I argue that approaches such as community participation and increased engagement from the part of researchers outside of Honduras' heritage management sphere are adequate and realistic short-term solutions to the pressing issue of protecting archaeological sites constantly in danger of being affected or destroyed.

Natūralus gamtinis kraštovaizdis dažnai yra naikinamas, keičiamas, arba sukuriamas naujas kultūrinis kraštovaizdis. Esant tokiai situacijai, būtina išsaugoti teritorijas, turinčias ekologinę, socialinę bei kultūrinę reikšmę. Įvertinta Šiaulių apskrityje esančių kraštovaizdžio vertybių naudojimo ir apsaugos sistema bei jų tvarkymo organizavimas. Analizės rezultatai parodė, kad problematiškiausios yra kultūros paveldo ir gamtos vertybių teritorijos. Vykstant žemės grąžinimo procesams, savavališkų statybų invazijai, dėl žmonių žemo ekologinės savimonės lygio, šios teritorijos gali prarasti vertybinį funkcionavimo pagrindą, skatinti didesnę ar mažesnę natūralaus kraštovaizdžio biodegradaciją. Norint apsaugoti kraštovaizdžio vertybių kultūrinę vertę, sustabdyti gamtinio kraštovaizdžio nykimą gamtinio karkaso bei saugomose teritorijose, atliekamas Šiaulių apskrities generalinio plano koncepcijos strateginių pasekmių vertinimas; rengiami saugomų teritorijų planavimo dokumentai; kompleksiškai organizuojama saugomų teritorijų priežiūra; vykdomi NATURA 2000 saugomų teritorijų tinklo gamtotvarkiniai projektai. / Natural landscape very often is being destroyed, replaced or created as a new cultural landscape. In such a situation it is very important to preserve areas, which has got it’s own ecological, social and cultural significance. The main purpose of this work is to estimate the valuable landscape’s, located in Šiauliai district, usage, protection system and how it’s regulation is being organized. As results of the analysis show, the biggest problems meet cultural heritage and valuable natural areas. While land rehabilitation is being in progress, illegal building is being held, because of people misbehavior, these areas may loose they own natural values, bigger or smaller natural landscape destruction may began. Trying to protect natural landscape’s cultural values, stop its disappearance and destruction in natural frame and conservation areas, general (long term) plan concept ional strategies consequences in Šiauliai district estimation is being held, conservation areas planning documents being created, conservation areas completed supervision being organized, NATURA 2000 conservation area’s network landscape management projects being arranged.

Darbo objektas – turistų pasitenkinimas. Darbo tikslas – įvertinti turistų pasitenkinimą Kauno m. senamiesčio kultūros paveldo objektais. Darbo tikslui pasiekti suformuluoti tokie uždaviniai: 1) pateikti turistų pasitenkinimo kultūros paveldo objektais teorinį pagrindimą; 2) įvertinti turistų srautus Kauno mieste; 3) apžvelgti pagrindinius Kauno m. senamiesčio kultūros paveldo objektus; 4) atlikti turistų pasitenkinimo Kauno m. senamiestyje esančiais kultūros paveldo objektais analizę. Tyrimo rezultatai. Atlikus turistų pasitenkinimo Kauno m. senamiestyje esančiais kultūros paveldo objektais analizę nustatyta, kad kultūros paveldo objektai, kuriuos vidutiniškai aplankė 86 proc. visų tyrime dalyvavusių respondentų – pagrindinė senamiesčio gatvė, Kauno rotušė ir Kauno pilis. Pasak didžiosios respondentų dalies, Kauno miesto senamiestis - graži, jauki, saugi, tvarkinga, švari, unikali miesto vieta, kurioje objektai tarpusavyje dera. Vertinant respondentų pasitenkinimą atskirais Kauno senamiesčio kultūros paveldo objektais pastebėta, jog tyrime dalyvavę turistai labiausiai patenkinti bendra senamiesčio atmosfera, rotuše, senamiesčio architektūra, Kauno pilimi. Trečdalis respondentų, apsilankiusių Kauno miesto senamiestyje pastebėjo keletą trūkumų: šioje miesto dalyje per mažai turistams įdomių šios rūšies objektų, dalis kultūros paveldo objektų yra neapšviesti, sunkiai randami. Tyrimo išvados. Nepaisant respondentų įvardintų kelių Kauno miesto senamiesčio, kaip kultūros paveldo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Object of thesis – tourists’ satisfaction. Purpose of thesis – evaluate tourists’ satisfaction with Kaunas old town cultural heritage objects. To reach purpose of thesis there were formulated next tasks: 1) to present theoretical substantiation of tourists’ satisfaction with cultural heritage objects; 2) to evaluate stream of tourists in Kaunas city; 3) to examine main cultural heritage objects in Kaunas old town; 4) to accomplish analysis of tourists’ satisfaction with cultural heritage objects in Kaunas old town. Results of research. After accomplishing tourists’ satisfaction with Kaunas old town cultural heritage analysis, was established, that 86% of respondents, who completed the inquest, were visiting these cultural heritage objects – main Kaunas old town street (Vilniaus str.), town hall and Kaunas castle. According to the respondents answers, Kaunas old town – beautiful, cozy, secure, tidy, clean, unique part of the city, where different objects haggle with each other. While analyzing tourists’ satisfaction with different cultural heritage objects in Kaunas old town, can be seen, that respondents, who participated in inquest, highly satisfied with the atmosphere of an old town, town hall, architecture of an old town, Kaunas castle. One third of respondents, who visited Kaunas old town, had noticed few disadvantages: in this part of town there are not enough of cultural heritage objects, cultural heritage objects are unlit, and also it is hard to find them. Leaning... [to full text]

Social cohesion is an important priority of the development both on Lithuanian and EU level. It is addressed to a human being, to the reduction of social differences between people, their groups and regions. Elaboration of tourism, including adaptation of the manors for tourism needs, is one of the priority directions of Lithuanian countryside development in order to ensure economical welfare and social cohesion. Elaboration of the manors as tourism objects must be linked with their integration into society life of local community. The goal of this research project was to define key principles of modern manor development strategy – principles, that would ensure, besides economical aspects of the manor elaboration, satisfying of social and cultural expectation of local society, would set grounds for an manors to became an example of most advanced forms of economical activities and social policy application. In this work an exploratory, qualitative research aiming to estimate relations between the manor and local society and their expectations towards the manor, was carried out. As a result, two possible alternatives for the manor development were settled and based on this a vision of the modern manor future and main strategic development principles to strive for this vision presented. The research has proved, that at present time the main expectation of the local society related to the manor is a minimum – that is, to have former facilities and parks of the manor rebuilt... [to full text]

La plupart des analyses actuelles et averties de la notion de public s'intéressent à la diversité des modalités de construction de la catégorie désignée comme public. Elles tentent ainsi de s'écarter à la fois de la vision schématique d'un public assimilé à un groupe anomique et amorphe de récepteurs, et de celle de publics démultipliés à l'infini et jouissant d'une importante liberté. Aussi, ces recherches offrent un nouvel espace d'interrogations : entre structures et individualités, existe-il une (des) réalité(s) de la notion de public ? Et que recouvre(nt)-t-elle(s) ? Cette thèse traite de la question du public du patrimoine en envisageant la (les) forme(s) d'espace public que recouvre la maison de vacances de Marcel Proust : la Maison de Tante Léonie (Illiers-Combray, Eure et Loir). L'hypothèse qui sous-tend ce travail est l'existence d'un visiteur co-constructeur. Le patrimoine suscite une production de sens par une diversité d'acteurs (professionnels, pouvoirs publics, visiteurs, etc. ), ces significations contribuant, par adjonction et/ou conjonction, à façonner la symbolique du patrimoine. L'analyse des entretiens effectués auprès des visiteurs de trois sites (la Maison de tante Léonie, l'exposition Marcel Proust à la BnF en 1999 et le Musée Curie) a permis de mettre à l'épreuve cette hypothèse principale, en proposant une méthodologie originale combinant mondes de référence et critères de jugement. Des figures de visiteurs ont été dégagées et ne correspondent plus au public fort du schéma binaire proposé dans le cadre des recherches portant sur la télévision, et qui l'opposerait à un média fort. L'opposition fait place à une co-construction. En outre, les méandres des médiations (A. Hennion, 1993) mises en évidence, en faisant apparaître une forme de mutualité qui lie visiteurs, professionnels et objet patrimonial, font émerger des réalités de sujets et d'objets à la fois co-constructeurs et co-construits.

The aim of this study is to examine the use of famous historical or fictional persons in place branding. It seeks to analyze the images of places that are produced, and the representations of persons that are used in branding practices. Largely this use is located within a tourist discourse, begging the question how tourists take part in the shaping of these cities. In sum, the study aims to examine constructions of the past and the present, as well as representations of gender. The main question is which parts of the history of a city are described and which sites are highlighted. Four cases studies are presented. First, the uses of the heritage connected with author Selma Lagerlöf in and around Sunne are examined, in particular her former residence, Mårbacka, now musealized. Second, Uppsala's and Småland's uses of the Carl Linnaeus heritage are surveyed. Third, the uses of inventor Johan Petter Johansson in Enköping are studied, and fourth the tourist and heritage practices around fictional police detective Kurt Wallander in Ystad are examined. Taken at face value, these examples differ from each other in many ways. The aim of the dissertation is to track these differences, but also the likenesses in practices, meaning production and visualizations. In sum, the aim of this dissertation is to examine how the productions of meaning are influenced through the use of these individuals. How do visitors influence the production on these heritage sites? Is there room for change in descriptions of persons and places? How are ideas of authenticity produced when places are viewed through one individual? What ideas of gender and masculinity are produced?

ABSTRACT LOCAL DYNAMICS IN THE PROCESS OF CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION PROJECTS IN KASTAMONU Aysu Kes M.Sc., Urban Policy Planning and Local Governments Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sibel Kalaycioglu January 2006, 102 pages The aim of this thesis is to understand the local participation dynamics in Turkey, especially in the cities with small populations. The conservation and restoration projects in Kastamonu were chosen as the case in order to achieve this aim. These projects include the restoration and reuse of historical/traditional houses in Turkey. The research was focused on the stakeholders in relation to these projects in order to be able to examine the social processes with regard to the local participation in Kastamonu. The major data collection method of this research was interviews with three groups of stakeholders. These stakeholders were the decision- makers, the owners of the houses, and the local people. For the research, 41 interviews were conducted in November 2004 in Kastamonu. The interviews included questions with regard to perceptions of the respondents about the issues of participation and decision- making dynamics, as well as the conception of sense of place, through the conservation and restoration processes. All these interviews were recorded and transcribed for discourse analysis. There are three major findings of this thesis. Firstly, the stakeholders do not have a consistent perception of what participation is. This leads to the second finding that the level of interaction and the level of participation are low among the stakeholders. Thirdly, the conservation and restoration projects in Kastamonu are perceived as economic investments by the vast majority of people. The heritage and cultural value of the houses are less frequently referred to.