The Impact of Neighborhood Study was formalized by the Statute of the City Law as an instrument of urban policy, but it s still subject of discussion in multidisciplinary fields such as Law, Geography and City Planning, on its universe of coverage. This paper analyzes the Impact of Neighborhood to identify its limitations and prospects of application. For this analysis are sought, initially, the genesis of the instrument, trying to identify its origin and appearance as well as the conceptual aspects of founding, considered the impact of urban neighborhoods and developments impacting. Since the 1970s, the society attempts to regulate, through legislation, specific parameters for the implementation of some activities in urban areas, but only in 2001 was formalized a specific instrument for this purpose. To understand the universe of coverage of the Impact of Neighborhood Study were used definitions of some authors, organized in a framework where they established two types of discussion: the Impact of Neighborhood Study as a guarantee of constitutional principles and as an instrument of social control and urban land use. This study also examines three methods of application of the Impact of Neighborhood Study, built from the intention to promote the application of the instrument, making sure they were facing the city and neighborhood impacts. Finally, it were analyzed the laws of certain municipalities that already have regulations on the Impact of Neighborhood Study, checking its progress and contributions related to the Statute of the City Law, identifying how it were established: the urban impact, the neighborhood, the striking new development and mitigating and compensatory measures of verified impacts. / O Estudo de Impacto de Vizinhança (EIV) foi formalizado pelo Estatuto da Cidade como um instrumento da política urbana, mas ainda hoje é objeto de discussão sobre seu universo de abrangência em campos multidisciplinares, como o Direito, a Geografia e o Planejamento Urbano. Esta dissertação de mestrado em Arquitetura e Urbanismo analisa o Estudo de Impacto de Vizinhança (EIV), visando identificar seus limites e perspectivas de aplicação. Para a realização desta análise busca-se, inicialmente, a gênese do instrumento, procurando identificar sua origem e surgimento assim como os aspectos conceituais fundantes, considerados o impacto urbano, a vizinhança e os empreendimentos impactantes. Desde a década de 1970, a sociedade tenta regulamentar, através de suas legislações, parâmetros específicos para a implantação de algumas atividades no território urbano, mas só em 2001 é que se formalizou um instrumento específico para este fim. Para a compreensão do universo de abrangência do EIV foram utilizadas as definições de alguns autores, organizadas em um quadro de onde são estabelecidas duas ordens de discussão: o EIV como garantia de princípios constitucionais e como forma de controle social e do uso do solo urbano. Este trabalho também analisa três metodologias de aplicação do EIV, construídas a partir da intenção de favorecer a aplicação do instrumento, verificando como foram enfrentados os impactos urbanos e a vizinhança. Por fim, analisa-se as legislações de alguns municípios brasileiros, que já possuem regulamentação sobre o EIV, verificando os avanços e contribuições em relação ao Estatuto da Cidade, identificando como foram estabelecidos: os impactos urbanos, à vizinhança, os empreendimento impactantes e as medidas mitigadoras e compensatórias decorrentes dos impactos constatados.

Submitted by Juliana Bezerra de Souza (julianarj47@hotmail.com) on 2018-01-16T11:04:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_JulianaSouza_MAP.pdf: 2422404 bytes, checksum: 8e7ec64586fe2c5ad561dc559266aa53 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2018-01-16T12:13:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_JulianaSouza_MAP.pdf: 2422404 bytes, checksum: 8e7ec64586fe2c5ad561dc559266aa53 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-30T11:59:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_JulianaSouza_MAP.pdf: 2422404 bytes, checksum: 8e7ec64586fe2c5ad561dc559266aa53 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-24 / Objective- This dissertation proposes a model to evaluate the impact of the implementation of the Polo Industrial e Tecnológico da Saúde (PITS), in Eusébio-CE, on development indicators of the affected area. Methodology- Two different approaches to estimate the impacts of the PITS are presented, both of which rely on comparisons between development indicators of the area directly affected with that of similar areas not affected by the enterprise. One consists of comparing the whole Fortaleza metropolitan region with a synthetic Fortaleza, which is constructed by weighing other metropolitan regions in the country. The second approach consists of comparing Human Development Units (UDH) in the immediate vicinity of PITS with that of similar UDHs, both in the Fortaleza metropolitan area and other metropolitan areas of the North and Northeast of the country. Results- The dissertation generated an impact evaluation model that can be characterized as ex-post and quantitative, and which can now be implemented in a relatively straightforward way once post-intervention data become available. Limitations- The dissertation consists only of the design of the impact evaluation. The actual evaluation will only be carried out once post-intervention data become available. Practical contributions- The dissertation generated an evaluation tool that can be implemented, in the future, by any interested party, such as local governments, academics or Fiocruz itself. Social contributions- If implemented, the impact evaluation can inform policymakers’ decisions. The dissertation can also help disseminate the notions of impact evaluation. Originality- The impact assessment of interventions and policies is still not widely disseminated among public entities. As such, the dissertation generates an innovative applied tool for policymakers. / Objetivo- Este trabalho visa propor um modelo de avaliação do impacto da implantação de um grande empreendimento, o Polo Industrial e Tecnológico da Saúde (PITS), em Eusébio-CE, em indicadores de desenvolvimento local sustentável da região. Metodologia- São apresentadas duas abordagens diferentes para estimar o impacto do PITS, ambas considerando a comparação entre indicadores de desenvolvimento sustentável da área diretamente afetada pela intervenção com áreas similares, não afetadas pela intervenção. A primeira abordagem consiste na comparação da Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza com uma região metropolitana sintética à de Fortaleza, que foi construída pelo balanceamento de outras regiões metropolitanas do país. A segunda visa comparar as Unidades de Desenvolvimento Humano (UDH’s) imediatamente adjacentes ao Polo, com UDH’s com perfil socioeconômico semelhantes, tanto da Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza, como de outras regiões metropolitas do Norte e Nordeste do país. Resultados- O resultado do trabalho é um modelo de avaliação de impacto que pode ser caracterizado como ex post e quantitativo, e que pode ser implementado de forma relativamente direta, uma vez que os dados pós-intervenção estejam disponíveis. Limitações- O trabalho consiste apenas no desenho do modelo de avaliação de impacto. A aplicação da avaliação só poderá ser realizada quando os dados pós-intervenção forem disponibilizados pelas fontes secundárias. Contribuições práticas- A ferramenta de avaliação poderá ser aplicada, no futuro, por qualquer parte interessada na obtenção desses dados como, por exemplo, órgãos públicos locais, instituições acadêmicas e a própria Fiocruz, instituição âncora do Polo. Contribuições sociais- Se implementada, a avaliação de impacto poderá orientar as decisões dos gestores locais no sentido de se promover a sustentabilidade da região e do empreendimento. O trabalho também pode contribuir para a disseminação dos conceitos e noções sobre avaliação de impacto. Originalidade- A avaliação de impacto de intervenções e políticas públicas ainda não é amplamente disseminada entre entidades públicas. Dessa forma, a dissertação gera uma ferramenta aplicada inovadora para formuladores de políticas.

Import sanctions were used to a very limited extent against South Africa in the early sixties and latter half of the seventies to clearly signal the international community's disapproval of the country's apartheid policy. In the middle eighties South Africa was further exposed to a two year wave of export and financial sanctions. This was after the government had already committed itself to move away from apartheid as a policy that was no longer deemed feasible. All these sanctions were lifted in the early nineties after the abolition of apartheid but before negotiations for a new constitutional dispensation had firmly got under way. Contrary to some popular impressions, the 1985-87 sanctions were also severe1y limited in scope and nature, with the result that their economic impact was only marginal at best. They were introduced at a time when the country unexpectedly had to face a foreign debt crisis and had to drastically adjust the economy downward, not unlike that experienced by many other developing countries. The severe recession and greater socio-political unrest that followed did not lead to an escalation of sanctions, but nevertheless threatened to make large parts of the country ungovernable. The evidence is that sanctions only played a minor role in bringing about this poor and deteriorating state of affairs. The political aims of abolishing apartheid and preparing the way for negotiations was achieved mainly as a result of certain internal political developments, together with the political implications of such major other outside developments as the economic collapse of Sub-Saharan Africa and the Soviet Union. South Africa's experience with sanctions confirms that as elsewhere their economic impact as an instrument of foreign policy was invariably exaggerated, whereas their contribution in explaining the subsequent course of political events was at best uncertain. / Department of Economics / Ph.D. (Economics)

Submitted by GABRIELA SCUTA FAGLIARI null (gabrielafagliari@gmail.com) on 2017-12-26T15:07:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Gabriela Scuta Fagliari - v.DEFINITIVA.pdf: 3166003 bytes, checksum: 8caffd9f56a00fb1125373159993c0ca (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Aparecida Puerta null (dripuerta@rc.unesp.br) on 2018-01-03T16:40:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fagliari_gs_dr_rlca.pdf: 3056553 bytes, checksum: 326046ed0d02de4677f217363de64389 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-03T16:40:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fagliari_gs_dr_rlca.pdf: 3056553 bytes, checksum: 326046ed0d02de4677f217363de64389 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-11 / A ocorrência de residências secundárias é significativa, principalmente no entorno dos grandes centros urbanos. Particularmente diferenciado é o espaço resultante da aglomeração de residências secundárias em condomínios fechados, diferenciando-se de outras formas de uso e ocupação do solo. Partindo da relevância e diferenciação desse fenômeno, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a influência dos condomínios de residências secundárias na produção e organização do espaço. Para tanto, a partir de levantamentos bibliográficos e documentais, trabalho de campo, entrevistas e levantamentos quantitativos, este trabalho descreveu e analisou o processo de organização do solo decorrente da implantação dos condomínios de segundas residências da Rodovia Bunjiro Nakao (SP-250), na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. O trabalho apresenta a realidade dos condomínios e de seus entornos, descrevendo processo de formação, características e dinâmica desse tipo de espaço especializado. A lógica desse fenômeno é discutida a partir da perspectiva da interação e dos conflitos entre os diferentes grupos de agentes sociais envolvidos, incluindo proprietários de residências secundárias, proprietários de terras, empresários, moradores do entorno e agentes públicos. Os resultados demonstram que os condomínios de residências secundárias trazem benefícios e prejuízos à sociedade das áreas onde são criados, reproduzindo a realidade de desigualdade e injustiça social. / Second home is the residential property not used permanently, which does not constitute the place of primary residence of a particular household. The actual occurrence of this type of property is significant, mainly in the surroundings of large cities. The space resulting from the agglomeration of second homes in private developments is particularly differentiated. This sort of urbanization differs substantially from other forms of land use and occupation, not constituting urban nor rural spaces. Based on the relevance and differentiation of this phenomenon, the objective established for this work was to analyze the influence of second homes developments in the space production and organization. This work described and analyzed the land use and occupation process resulting from the implementation of second homes developments on Bunjiro Nakao Highway (SP-250), in the proximities of São Paulo Metropolitan Region (RMSP). The analysis was based on bibliographical and documental surveys, fieldwork, in-depth interviews and quantitative data analysis. The study presents the reality of second homes developments and their environments, describing the creation process, characteristics and dynamics of this type of specialized space. The logic of this phenomenon is discussed in the perspective of the interaction and conflicts between the different groups of social agents involved, including owners of second homes, landowners, real state corporations, residents of the surroundings and public agents. The results show that second homes developments bring benefits and losses to the society, reproducing the reality of inequality and social injustice, but at the same time generating income and employment.

This paper endeavors to establish some basic points of reference to better understand the early culture-historical dynamics of the Casma Valley. The revised chronology presented here follows the ceramic sequence developed by Peter Fuchs (1990) on the basis of his Cerro Sechín stratigraphy, confirmed and amplified in its early sections by his recent excavations at Sechín Bajo. A systematic review of the different categories of archaeological data reveals many lacunae that still persist in our record. Monumental architecture most clearly expresses the socio-cultural complexity of the ancient Casma Valley polities. It first appeared during the Sechín Period (3400-1650 cal BC) which is part of the Late Archaic (Preceramic), followed during the Early Formative by the Moxeke Period (1650-1400 cal BC) and the Haldas Period (1400-1000 cal BC) with their diagnostic ceramics. Within this timeframe, some hypotheses formulated by Shelia and Thomas Pozorski (2006) about the socio-political transactions between major Casma Valley sites are evaluated in the light of the archaeological evidence. The tradition of monumental adobe architecture that goes back to about 3400 cal BC in the Casma Valley, reminds us of analogous developments in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of the ancient Near East. There still remains the challenge to adapt Archaic Period terminology in the Andes to those new discoveries (Kaulicke 1994, 2007: 17-18). / Las investigaciones recientes permiten esbozar un nuevo cuadro cronológico del valle de Casma gracias a la secuencia cerámica elaborada por Peter Fuchs (1990) sobre la base de la estratigrafía de Cerro Sechín, confirmada y ampliada en su parte temprana por los descubrimientos en Sechín Bajo. Al mismo tiempo, el recuento sistemático categorizado de los datos revelará muchas lagunas en el registro arqueológico actual. El avance sociocultural de los habitantes del valle de Casma se expresa, más claramente, en su arquitectura monumental. Se da a conocer, primero, en el Periodo Sechín (3400-1650 a.C.), que forma parte del Arcaico Tardío y Final, seguido durante el Formativo Temprano —según los contextos cerámicos diagnósticos—, por los periodos Moxeke (1650-1400 a.C.) y Haldas (1400-1000 a.C. [calib.]). Dentro de este marco se tratará de evaluar, a la luz de las evidencias arqueológicas, algunos desarrollos sociopolíticos bosquejados por Shelia y Thomas Pozorski (2006) como si fuesen reales. La presencia de una arquitectura monumental de adobe que se remonta hacia 3400 a.C. (calib.) en el valle de  Casma, hace recordar los desarrollos análogos del Neolítico Precerámico (Pre-Pottery Neolithic) del Cercano Oriente. Permanece pendiente el reto de estructurar una terminología conveniente para el Periodo Arcaico andino, de acuerdo con los nuevos descubrimientos (Kaulicke 1994; 2009: 17-18).

Este trabalho trata de estudos de casos qualitativos dirigidos para a análise da produtividade e da qualidade em hospitais. Foram considerados cinco hospitais - três públicos e dois privados, todos de grande porte, localizados na região metropolitana da cidade de São Paulo - Brasil, que possuem programas, metodologias e/ou ferramentas da qualidade estabelecidos em seus processos, e que busquem a melhoria contínua. Analisa a influência que estes programas, metodologias e/ou ferramentas têm sobre os processos, produtos e serviços oferecidos, além de aspectos específicos da qualidade quando aplicados em sistemas de saúde do Brasil. Para esta análise, são apresentadas sete proposições. Para confirmar ou refutar as proposições da pesquisa, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas em cada hospital, divididas em duas partes: a) pesquisa semiestruturada, realizada tomando como base a revisão da literatura pertinente e b) pesquisa semiestruturada, realizada tomando como base a metodologia da EFQM. Os resultados mostram que há uma convergência entre a aplicação de programas, metodologias e ferramentas da qualidade e a acreditação hospitalar. Indicam, também, que a acreditação é o principal meio pelo qual um hospital inicia e difunde a gestão da qualidade e que o apoio da alta direção influencia positivamente na disseminação de uma cultura de qualidade nas instituições. A conclusão da pesquisa mostra que as proposições não se confirmam de forma plena e duas variáveis de destaque na literatura não são empregadas. Foi proposta uma matriz de resultados, com o objetivo de indicar qual programa, metodologia ou ferramenta da qualidade deve ser empregada para atingir o efeito esperado, de acordo com a entrada aplicada. / This work is to qualitative case studies directed to the analysis of productivity and quality in hospitals. Were considered five hospitals - three public and two private, large all, located in the metropolitan region of São Paulo - Brazil, which have programs, methodologies and / or quality tools established in its processes, and seek continuous improvement. Analyzes the influence that these programs, methodologies and / or tools have on processes, products and services, as well as specific aspects of quality when applied to the Brazilian health systems. For this analysis, seven propositions were presented. To confirm or refute the propositions of research, semi-structured interviews were conducted in each hospital, divided into two parts: a) semi-structured survey, conducted on the basis the review of the literature and b) semi-structured survey, conducted based on the methodology EFQM. The results show that there is a convergence between the application programs, methodologies and tools of quality and healthcare accreditation. Also, indicate that accreditation is the primary means by which a hospital starts and spreads the quality management and the support of senior management positively influences the spread of a culture of quality in institutions. The conclusion of the research shows that propositions it was not confirmed fully and two prominent variables in the literature it was not employed. Was proposed a payoff matrix, in order to indicate which program, method or quality tool must be used to reach the desired effect according to the applied input.

Makro Trender inom Kinesiska Human Resurser Medan vi går mot en mer avancerad globaliserad ekonomi har vi också utvecklats från ett jordbrukssamhälle till ett service samhälle. Som med alla andra delar av mänsklighetens utveckling har vi fortsatt på en stig av entreprenörskap och förändring till det som vissa idag kallar ett ”kreativt samhälle”. Det kan vara för tidigt att säga att vi är på väg in i en ny era men det är klart att förändringar händer mycket snabbare och med en större effekt runtom jorden och det skapar ett samhälle som är annorlunda jämfört med förut. Ett samhälle där de begåvade, utbildade och kreativa är den ekonomiska utvecklingens katalysator. Men uppkomsten av denna, den kreativa klassen, och globaliserings processen innebär också problem. När människor höjer sig själva och dem runtomkring till nya höjder genom omfattande förändring finns en risk att de människor som inte klarar omställningen till en sådan värld lämnas kvar. Det är Globaliseringens paradox; den ger rikedom till människor som kan anpassa sig medan de andra ofta lämnas för att ta hand om sig själva. Den här uppsatsen handlar om de effekterna på världens mest befolkade nation, Kina. När de kommer till dessa, Human Resurser, de mest produktiva elementen av ett modernt samhälle är Kina långt bakom. Det Kinesiska loppet mot att bli en global makt handlar - 3 - lika mycket om att komma ifatt resten av världen ekonomiskt som socialt och politiskt. Medan Kina spänner sina ekonomiska muskler för att förändras uppstår andra problem och hastigheten som Kina förändras med leder till mer komplicerade sociala problem som kan komma att hota landets utveckling. Kina försöker göra det som det tog de främsta utvecklade länderna i världen den största delen av de senaste 300 åren att göra inom loppet av en generation. Tvingade av nödvändigheten av reformer jonglerar kommunistpartiet dessa politiska, ekonomiska och utbildningsmässiga problem på mer och mer komplicerade sätt och längre och längre bort från varandra. Den här historien börjar dock på ett tåg mellan Washington DC och New York. / Macro Trends in Chinese Human Resources As we move into a more advanced globalized economy we have developed from an agriculture society to a service society. As with every other part of human development we have continued down the path of innovation and change to what some today call the “creative society”. It might be to early to say that we are entering a new age but it is clear that changes happen faster and with greater impact across the globe and that is creating a society that is different from before. A society where the talented, educated, creative, are the catalyst of economic development in a modern economy. But the rise of this creative class and the process of globalization also offer problems. When people elevate themselves and those around them to new heights through major change the people who are unable to transit into such a world run the risk of being left behind. It is the paradox of Globalization; it brings riches to the people who can adapt to it while the others are often left to tend for themselves. This thesis is about those effects on the world’s most populous nation, China. And when it comes to these, the Human Resources, the most productive elements of a modern - 5 - society, China is far behind. The Chinese race toward becoming a major global power is as much about catching up to the rest of the world economically a socially and politically. As China masses its economical muscles to change other problems evolve and the speed of the change lead to even more complicated social problems that might come back to haunt the country’s development path. China is trying to do what it took the major developed nations of the world a larger part of the last 300 years to do in one generation. Pushed by the need for reform the communist party is juggling politics, economy, and education of their people in more and more complicated ways and further and further away from each other. The story however, starts on a train ride between Washington DC and New York.

Macro Trends in Chinese Human Resources As we move into a more advanced globalized economy we have developed from an agriculture society to a service society. As with every other part of human development we have continued down the path of innovation and change to what some today call the “creative society”. It might be to early to say that we are entering a new age but it is clear that changes happen faster and with greater impact across the globe and that is creating a society that is different from before. A society where the talented, educated, creative, are the catalyst of economic development in a modern economy. But the rise of this creative class and the process of globalization also offer problems. When people elevate themselves and those around them to new heights through major change the people who are unable to transit into such a world run the risk of being left behind. It is the paradox of Globalization; it brings riches to the people who can adapt to it while the others are often left to tend for themselves. This thesis is about those effects on the world’s most populous nation, China. And when it comes to these, the Human Resources, the most productive elements of a modern - 5 - society, China is far behind. The Chinese race toward becoming a major global power is as much about catching up to the rest of the world economically a socially and politically. As China masses its economical muscles to change other problems evolve and the speed of the change lead to even more complicated social problems that might come back to haunt the country’s development path. China is trying to do what it took the major developed nations of the world a larger part of the last 300 years to do in one generation. Pushed by the need for reform the communist party is juggling politics, economy, and education of their people in more and more complicated ways and further and further away from each other. The story however, starts on a train ride between Washington DC and New York.

Cette thèse interroge le parcours de l’architecte alsacien Charles-Gustave Stoskopf (1907-2004), deuxième second grand prix de Rome en 1933, en se fondant principalement sur le dépouillement de ses fonds d’archives d’agences. Cet acteur de la scène professionnelle des Trente Glorieuses entame sa carrière en 1945 dans le cadre de la Reconstruction, où il a la charge de rebâtir des villages détruits autour de Colmar, puis devient le maître d’œuvre de plusieurs grands ensembles en Alsace et en région parisienne. Afin d’éclairer cet itinéraire, sont explorées tour à tour, la biographie de l’architecte dans ses multiples aspects, l’analyse architecturale de quelques œuvres significatives et enfin, des dimensions transversales caractérisant cette production considérable. Celle-ci révèle plusieurs registres d’expressions, marqués par la permanence d’un vocabulaire académique et d’un héritage alsacien constamment revendiqué et réinventé. Elle agrège également des influences diverses lui permettant de répondre aux commandes inédites de cette période de modernisation et de forte croissance. / This thesis considers the career of Alsatian architect, Charles-Gustave Stoskopf (1907-2004), who was awarded in the Prix de Rome in 1933. It is based mainly on research in his agency archives. He was professionally active during the “Thirty Glorious Years” in France, starting in 1945 when he was involved in post-war Reconstruction and given responsibility for the rebuilding of villages around Colmar razed to the ground in the conflict. Later, he designed a number of major developments in Alsace and the Paris area. To shed light on his career, we explore the various aspects of the architect’s life, conduct an architectural analysis of a few of his most significant works and, finally, consider the transversality that is a feature of his considerable output. Our study reveals his use of various registers of expression, all of them marked by academic terminology and an Alsatian heritage to which he refers constantly while giving it a new innovative twist. He also succeeded in drawing on various influences, enabling him to respond to unusual commissions during this period of modernisation and strong growth.

Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Thesis (D Com (Econometrics))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Economics / unrestricted