Este trabalho tem por objeto de estudo o Directorio que se deve observar nas Po-voaçoens dos Índios do Pará, e Maranhão em quanto Sua Magestade não mandar o contrário - legisla-ção implementada no Estado do Grão-Pará e Maranhão, entre os anos de 1758 e 1798. Ela-borada em meio às intervenções do ministério de Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo para a região, essa lei tem sido vista pela historiografia como uma lei pombalina. A análise bus-cou acompanhar os processos de formulação da lei. Assim, a tese propõe uma compreen-são distinta da comumente aceita: o Diretório dos Índios (como a lei ficou conhecida) sur-giu como um desdobramento dos conflitos havidos entre a Metrópole portuguesa e sua Colônia americana. Logo, não se trata de uma lei pombalina, mas de uma resposta do mi-nistério de Carvalho e Mello ao conflito que se lhe apresentou – a qual incorpora demandas coloniais e metropolitanas. Por outro lado, a tese buscou compreender o exercício da lei e, nesse sentido, tratou de evitar concebê-lo como o desdobramento lógico do que dispunham os seus dispositivos legais. Antes, tratou de entendê-lo como relacionado ao contexto que o fez emergir. Dessa forma, a tese busca evidenciar que os conflitos que provocaram a lei foram determinantes para a conformação da sua aplicação e trata de analisar, então, a atua-ção dos agentes históricos envolvidos, ao longo do período de sua vigência: as populações indígenas, os colonos, os missionários e os agentes da administração metropolitana. / This works subject matter is the Directorio que se deve observar nas Povoaçoens dos Índios do Pará, e Maranhão em quanto Sua Magestade não mandar o contrário - legislation im-plemented in the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão during forty years, since 1758 until 1798. That legislation was elaborated at the same time of some others, implemented by Minister Sebastião Jose de Carvalho e Mello, as part of a political plan to improve relations between the Colony and its Metropolis. As a consequence of that, history has signed the legislation as a Marquis of Pombal’s law. The analysis realized in this work searched to follow the making process of the law. Thus, the thesis considers a distinct understanding in relation to the idea accepted by history: the Directory of the Indians (as the law became known) appeared as a result of the conflicts which occurred between the Portuguese Me-tropolis and its American Colony, and incorporates colonial and metropolitan demands. On the other hand, the thesis searched to understand the law practices as related to the context that made it to emerge, to make evident that the conflicts that had provoked the law had been determinative for the conformation of its application the thesis analyzes the perform-ance of the historical agents involved: the Indian populations, colonists, the missionaries and the agents of the metropolitan administration.

Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2017-10-25T16:14:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Neusa Lopes Vicente.pdf: 3144061 bytes, checksum: 6f90518086ac7bc621a7096b99ac77b0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-25T16:14:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Neusa Lopes Vicente.pdf: 3144061 bytes, checksum: 6f90518086ac7bc621a7096b99ac77b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-29 / Universidade Católica de Santos - Católica de Santos / Historical records show that youth play a significant social role in the world. This free movement, committed and led by young people has aroused the attention of society and is understood as a youth protagonism. The research aimed to understand the contribution of the Catholic University of Santos (UNISANTOS) to the exercise of youth protagonism in its Faculty of Law. The research focused on the period between 1986 (year of creation of the University) and 1990, year of graduation of these first entrants. The object of study were the student leaders elected to the board of the then Academic Directory "Alexandre de Gusmão", a student body of the Faculty of Law. The theoretical contribution is in the fields of Sociology of Youth with Machado Pais (2006), in the social theme of the youth in Abramo (1997) and in Social Psychology with Stamato (2008). The methodology focuses on the consultation of documents and institutional records of UNISANTOS and the Academic Directory and the news published in the national and regional press. The testimony of former presidents of the student body and of persons who held positions of academic and administrative management in that period of time corroborate the investigative process. / Os registros históricos demonstram que a juventude exerce um significativo papel social no mundo. Esse movimento livre, compromissado e liderado por jovens vem despertando a atenção da sociedade e é entendido como protagonismo juvenil. A pesquisa pretendeu entender a contribuição da Universidade Católica de Santos (UNISANTOS) para o exercício do protagonismo juvenil em sua Faculdade de Direito. A investigação concentrou-se no período entre 1986 (ano de criação da Universidade) e 1990, ano da graduação desses primeiros ingressantes. O objeto de estudo foram as lideranças estudantis eleitas para a diretoria do então Diretório Acadêmico ¿Alexandre de Gusmão¿, entidade estudantil da Faculdade de Direito. O aporte teórico situa-se nos campos da Sociologia da Juventude com Machado Pais (2006), na tematização social do jovem em Abramo (1997) e na Psicologia Social com Stamato (2008). A metodologia concentra-se na consulta a documentos e aos registros institucionais da UNISANTOS e do Diretório Acadêmico e no noticiário veiculado na imprensa nacional e regional. Os depoimentos de ex-presidentes da entidade estudantil e de pessoas que ocuparam cargos de gestão acadêmica e administrativa naquele período de tempo corroboram com o processo investigativo.

Data anonymization is a relevant and important field within data privacy, which tries to find a good balance between utility and privacy in data. The field is especially relevant since the GDPR came into force, because the GDPR does not regulate anonymous data. This thesis focuses on anonymization of directory-structured data, which means data structured into a tree of directories. In the thesis, four of the most common models for anonymization of tabular data, k-anonymity, ℓ-diversity, t-closeness and differential privacy, are adapted for anonymization of directory-structured data. This adaptation is done by creating three different approaches for anonymizing directory-structured data: SingleTable, DirectoryWise and RecursiveDirectoryWise. These models and approaches are compared and evaluated using five metrics and three attack scenarios. The results show that there is always a trade-off between utility and privacy when anonymizing data. Especially it was concluded that the differential privacy model when using the RecursiveDirectoryWise approach gives the highest privacy, but also the highest information loss. On the contrary, the k-anonymity model when using the SingleTable approach or the t-closeness model when using the DirectoryWise approach gives the lowest information loss, but also the lowest privacy. The differential privacy model and the RecursiveDirectoryWise approach were also shown to give best protection against the chosen attacks. Finally, it was concluded that the differential privacy model when using the RecursiveDirectoryWise approach, was the most suitable combination to use when trying to follow the GDPR when anonymizing directory-structured data.

With the exponential growth of the Web and the inherent polysemy and synonymy problems of the natural languages, search engines are facing many challenges such as information overload, mismatch of search results, missing relevant documents, poorly organized search results, and mismatch of human mental model of clustering engines. To address these issues, much effort including employing different information retrieval (IR) models, information categorization/clustering, personalization, semantic Web, ontology-based IR, and so on, has been devoted to improve the relevance of search results. The major focus of this study is to dynamically re-organize Web search results under a socially constructed hierarchical knowledge structure, to facilitate information seekers to access and manipulate the retrieved search results, and consequently to improve the relevance of search results. / To achieve the above research goal, a special search-browser is developed, and its retrieval effectiveness is evaluated. The hierarchical structure of the Open Directory Project (ODP) is employed as the socially constructed knowledge structure which is represented by the Tree component of Java. Yahoo! Search Web Services API is utilized to obtain search results directly from Yahoo! search engine databases. The Lucene text search engine calculates similarities between each returned search result and the semantic characteristics of each category in the ODP; and thus to assign the search results to the corresponding ODP categories by Majority Voting algorithm. When an interesting category is selected by a user, only search results categorized under the category are presented to the user, and the quality of the search results is consequently improved. / Experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach of this research can improve the precision of Yahoo! search results at the 11 standard recall levels from an average 41.7 per cent to 65.2 per cent; the improvement is as high as 23.5 per cent. This conclusion is verified by comparing the improvements of the P@5 and P@10 of Yahoo! search results and the categorized search results of the special search-browser. The improvement of P@5 and P@10 are 38.3 per cent (85 per cent - 46.7 per cent) and 28 per cent (70 per cent - 42 per cent) respectively. The experiment of this research is well designed and controlled. To minimize the subjectiveness of relevance judgments, in this research five judges (experts) are asked to make their relevance judgments independently, and the final relevance judgment is a combination of the five judges’ judgments. The judges are presented with only search-terms, information needs, and the 50 search results of Yahoo! Search Web Service API. They are asked to make relevance judgments based on the information provided above, there is no categorization information provided. / The first contribution of this research is to use an extracted category-document to represent the semantic characteristics of each of the ODP categories. A category-document is composed of the topic of the category, description of the category, the titles and the brief descriptions of the submitted Web pages under this category. Experimental results demonstrate the category-documents of the ODP can represent the semantic characteristics of the ODP in most cases. Furthermore, for machine learning algorithms, the extracted category-documents can be utilized as training data which otherwise demand much human labor to create to ensure the learning algorithm to be properly trained. The second contribution of this research is the suggestion of the new concepts of relevance judgment convergent degree and relevance judgment divergent degree that are used to measure how well different judges agree with each other when they are asked to judge the relevance of a list of search results. When the relevance judgment convergent degree of a search-term is high, an IR algorithm should obtain a higher precision as well. On the other hand, if the relevance judgment convergent degree is low, or the relevance judgment divergent degree is high, it is arguable to use the data to evaluate the IR algorithm. This intuition is manifested by the experiment of this research. The last contribution of this research is that the developed search-browser is the first IR system (IRS) to utilize the ODP hierarchical structure to categorize and filter search results, to the best of my knowledge.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-69). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-69). Also available on the Internet.

With this study we aim at contributing to the discursive reflections on the national language and identity constitution. In order to reach this purpose, we based our study upon the interpretation (ORLANDI, 1996) of the Indians Directory as well as their inscriptions in the History of linguistic ideas in Brazil as a motive to think about the language concepts (national and mother), idiom, identification, identity and subject. We had the theory of Discourse Analysis as a base to reach our aim, represented, amongst others, by Pêcheux (2002; 1999; 1997a) and Orlandi (2002a; 2002b; 2001c; 1996) and also having the works of Mariani (2004; 2001; 1997) about the Colonization, the Indians Directory and the XVIII Century Literary Academics as fundamental principles. This documental and bibliographic research with the support of the lessons proceeding from a variety of knowledge fields interprets the Directory as a discursive event (PÊCHEUX, 2002), indicating that it, once registered in our discursive memory, is a base for the constitution of the Portuguese Language speaker subject identifications which happens in Brazil. From the discussions of Brazilian colonization effects, as well as from the Directory intervention we defend that due to the linguistic event that is a remark in our constitution as Brazilian people in Portuguese Language, this language imposes itself in the One place, restraining the possibility of a nation be formed in One national language, not an illusion of uniformity (official idiom), but an effect of the symbolic which enables a mother/father tongue. Moreover, it was possible for us to indicate: a) the possibility of the discourse work be guided by the reflection on the subject identification effects to the discursive memory; b) the identification as the constitutive process of interpretation; c) the discourse interpretation as an identification effect follows a way determined by the institutional and constitutive memories, but it is also, at the same time, affected by the possibility of interpretation moments dependent on the language game in history; d) the identification as an access way to the subject, to the language game in history and to the effects of unconscious; e) the subject, determined by the language, based on identification has different moments of interpretation ; f) the identity demands, in order to be characterized, an awareness which in a pendulous movement between the external (Other) and the internal (I) characterizes this last one as a unique being, similar to others and different from the Other. However, what moves the election of an Other in this process comes from the order of the unconscious and is part of the identification process; g) from the discursive memory the subjects, by identification, establish identities. This work brings forward, in this base how inscriptions that the Directory authorizes in the memory and that are considered as signs for our national identity, discursive sequences that: a) indicate a distinguished treatment which must be given to the Indians, considered inapt to be run alone; b) authorize the repression and/or the negation of indigenous culture; c) authorize the idea of a supremacy dependent on the colour of skin; d) authorize the assumption of Catholic Christian Doctrine as a base for the society which was in constitution. The analysis indicated imbricated relations among the concepts of identity, identification and subject which forward to new studies. / Com este estudo buscamos contribuir para as reflexões discursivas acerca da constituição da língua e identidade nacional. Para isso, tomamos a interpretação (ORLANDI, 1996) do Diretório dos Índios e de suas inscrições na História das idéias lingüísticas do Brasil como motor para pensar os conceitos de língua (nacional e materna), idioma, identificação, identidade e sujeito. Fundamo-nos, com esse intento, na teoria da Análise do Discurso representada, entre outros, por Pêcheux (2002; 1999; 1997a) e Orlandi (2002a; 2002b; 2001c; 1996), e nos trabalhos de Mariani (2004; 2001;1997) sobre a Colonização, o Diretório dos Índios e as Academias Literárias do Século XVIII. A pesquisa, de natureza documental e bibliográfica, com o suporte das lições advindas de diversos campos do saber, interpreta o Diretório como um acontecimento (PÊCHEUX, 2002) discursivo, indicando que ele, inscrito em nossa memória discursiva, é base para a constituição de identificações do sujeito falante da Língua Portuguesa que se realiza no Brasil. A partir da discussão de efeitos da colonização brasileira, bem como da intervenção do Diretório, defendemos que pelo acontecimento lingüístico que marca nossa constituição como brasileiros na Língua Portuguesa, esta última impõe-se no lugar do Um, interditando a possibilidade de a nação se formar em Uma língua nacional que fosse não uma ilusão de unidade (idioma oficial), mas um efeito do simbólico que possibilita Uma língua materna/paterna. Além disso, foi-nos possível indicar: a) a possibilidade de o trabalho com o discurso se guiar pela reflexão sobre os efeitos de identificação do sujeito à memória discursiva; b) a identificação como o processo constitutivo da interpretação; c) a interpretação de um discurso como um efeito de identificação segue um rumo determinado pelas memórias institucionalizada e constitutiva, mas também é, ao mesmo tempo, afetada pela possibilidade de momentos de interpretação dependentes do jogo da língua na história; d) a identificação como uma forma de acesso ao sujeito, ao jogo da língua na história e aos efeitos do inconsciente; e) o sujeito, constituído pela linguagem, por identificação, tem momentos de interpretação diferentes; f) a identidade exige, para se caracterizar, uma consciência, a qual, em um movimento pendular entre o exterior (Outro) e o interior (eu), caracterize este último como um ser único, semelhante a outros e diferente de Outro. Mas o que, nesse processo, move a eleição de um Outro é da ordem do inconsciente e faz parte do processo de identificação; g) a partir da memória discursiva os sujeitos, por identificação, constituem identidades. O trabalho aponta, nesse sentido, como inscrições que o Diretório autoriza na memória e que servem como traços para nossa identidade nacional, seqüências discursivas que: a) indicam um tratamento diferenciado que deve ser dado aos índios, considerados incapazes de se dirigirem sozinhos; b) autorizam o recalque e/ou negação da cultura indígena; c) autorizam a idéia de uma supremacia dependente da cor da pele; d) autorizam a assunção da Doutrina Cristã Católica como base para a sociedade que se constituía. A análise indicou imbricadas relações entre os conceitos de identidade, identificação e sujeito as quais remetem a novos estudos.

NinetechGruppen AB is an IT service providing company with about 30 employees, primarily based in Karlstad, Sweden. The company began to have problems with their DNS administration because the number of administrated domains had grown too large. A single employee was responsible for all the administration, and text editors were used for modifying the DNS configuration files directly on the name servers. This was an error prone process which also easily led to inconsistencies between the documentation and the real world. NinetechGruppen AB decided to solve the administrative problems by incorporating a DNS administration system, either by using an existing product or by developing a new sys-tem internally. This thesis describes the process of simplifying the DNS administration procedures of NinetechGruppen AB. Initially, an investigation was conducted where existing DNS administration tools were sought for, and evaluated against the requirements the company had on the new system. The system was going to have a web administration interface, which was to be developed in ASP.NET 2.0 with C# as programming language. The administration interface had to run on Windows, use SQL Server 2005 as backend database server, and base access control on Active Directory. Further, the system had to be able of integrating customer handling with the domain administration, and any changes to the system information had to follow the Informa-tion Technology Infrastructure Library change management process. The name servers were running the popular name server software BIND and ran on two different Linux distributions – Red Hat Linux 9 and SUSE Linux 10.0. The investigation concluded that no existing system satisfied the requirements; hence a new system was to be developed, streamlined for the use at NinetechGruppen AB. A requirement specification and a functional description was created and used as the basis for the development. The finalized system satisfies all necessary requirements to some extent, and most of them are fully satisfied.

Apples datorer med operativsystemet OS X blir allt vanligare på arbetsplatserna. För att företagets IT-avdelning ska kunna upprätthålla en stabil och säker miljö strävar man efter att standardisera system och hårdvara. Verkligheten stämmer inte alltid överens med IT-avdelningens strävan och anställda vill i ökande grad använda sig av produkter de valt själva. Arbetet har undersökt möjligheterna och begränsningarna med att integrera Apple OS X i Microsofts Active Directory. För att kunna besvara de frågor som använts som avgränsning inleddes arbetet med att metodiskt studera litteratur och på internet publicerade artiklar. Därefter har laborationer med och utan tredjepartsmjukvarorna ADmitMac och Centrify genomförts med inriktning på arbetets avgränsningar. Parallellt med detta har intervjuer av organisationer med olika bakgrund genomförts. Intervjuer och laborationer gav ett resultat som sedan diskuterades i rapportens avslutande del. I analysen gjordes en jämförelse av resultaten från intervjuer samt laborationer. Från detta kunde bland annat följande slutsats dras; För att integrera en dator med Apple OS X i Active Directory fungerar det inbyggda stödet men med begränsad funktionalitet. Med hjälp av tredjepartsmjukvaror utökas stödet och fler funktioner i Active Directory kan användas.

This was a project to develop a Telephone Directory Web service (TDWS) to provide convenient and cost-effective access to public telephone directory data.