Cette recherche a pour but de mettre en évidence les difficultés de parcours des étudiants chercheurs jordaniens pendant leurs recherches universitaires en France. Elle traite les grands thèmes relatifs à l’écriture académique universitaire. Elle aborde les difficultés d’écriture académique des étudiants jordaniens en deux parties : la première traite l’apprentissage en amont de l’exposition à la langue cible, relatif à la scolarité dans le système éducatif jordanien. La deuxième est en aval de l’apprentissage de la langue cible, elle est relative à la qualité de l’apprentissage de la langue cible et de son enseignement dans un contexte où l’étudiant est en contact avec la langue depuis son arrivée dans son institution d’accueil. Nous explorons le système éducatif jordanien et ses rapports au système social, en expliquant comment la nature de l’enseignement des langues étrangères en Jordanie, « en amont », peut être un obstacle « en aval », lors d’un contact direct avec la langue, la société et les communautés natives – communautés différentes et natif entendu au sens concret du terme. Nous essayons de mettre en évidence les problèmes et les difficultés auxquels se heurtent les étudiants-chercheurs jordaniens. Cette démarche commence par une tentative de définition de l’écrit académique, tout en décomposant les notions et les facteurs de cet écrit, pour cerner avec précision les difficultés des étudiants jordaniens dans l’écrit académique. Le questionnement autour de la notion de l’écrit académique nous guide à travers l’analyse du corpus pour mieux cibler les vraies lacunes de l’écrit académique de ces étudiants-chercheurs. / The aim of this essay is to define the difficulties met by Jordanian student researchers during their academic research in France. This thesis deals with the main themes relative to academic writing. Its objective is to differentiate in two parts the problems encountered by Jordanian students in academic writing: firstly, problems relative to learning the target language in the Jordanian education system. Secondly, those relative to learning the language in France and linked to the quality of learning and teaching, and to the contact established by the student when he arrives in a French institution. We will have beforehand explored the Jordanian education system, its links to the social system, and explained how the quality of teaching foreign languages in Jordan can be an obstacle when there is a direct contact with the language, the society and native communities [different communities] and native in the concrete meaning of the term. This thesis attempts to show the problems and the difficulties encountered by Jordanian student researchers, starting with a definition of academic writing and an analysis of its notions and factors. This analysis will help us to target the shortcomings of the academic writing of these student researchers.

This project discusses optimization of e-mail and SMTP traffic in proprietary product of Microsoft Exchange 2013 in regard of marine industry. The goal is at first to analyze the requirements of this service on slow and unreliable network connections, SMTP traffic and then the product itself. Afterwards it defines specification  for the final product and prepares the test environment. Design and implementation of transport agent using Exchange Management Shell is described for synchronization of two installations of Microsoft Exchange 2013; and focuses on emerged problems during the development, discusses different approaches and possible solutions. Testing shows various shortcomings of found solution. Finally, analysis of final solution shows possible future improvements and a need of security upgrade before applying to production environment.

The Journal des Dames et des Modes started its publication in 1797 and was de facto the only popular and lasting fashion magazine aimed towards women since the fall of its predecessor, even prior to 1789. This study argues that this fashion magazine both reflected and constituted the mindset of the new regime’s elite. The French Directoire (1795-1799) was a short-lived but intense regime characterised by its transformative nature and excesses to redefine society’s order and limits. The Journal, although trivial in aspect, participated in this effort by moralising a frivolous part of the female population through the entertainment it proposed, making it a fun yet pedagogical tool in the hands of the dominating bourgeois mindset. The periodical spread socio-cultural norms that were in accordance with the regime’s main concern – public good. And although not active per se in politics, women had their role to play as far as public utility was concerned, that of the civic mother – their designated form of citizenship. However, the readers of the Journal were more engaged in the mundane and cultural world, which demonstrated high permeability and reciprocity with politics. So, while women typically embodied the private sphere and personal concerns, contrary to men who represented the public sphere and public good, the women of the Directoire were the first ones to set the tendency of blurring lines between individual and common concerns – an ambivalent stance which is aligned with the transformative aspect of the regime.

På företaget AFRY i Karlstad har en medarbetare med fika varje fredag och turordningen för detta sker i dagsläget med en Excel-fil vilket är problematiskt då inte alla har tillgång till filen och kan då inte se när det är deras tur att ta med fika, vilket resulterar i att det glöms av att ta med fika. Författaren har fått i uppdrag av AFRY att ta fram en webbaserad applikation där personalen kan se schemat för vems tur det är att ta med fika. En kravspecifikation upprättades av uppdragsgivaren tillsammans med en lista på den tekniska uppsättningen för webbapplikationen som gäller. Studiens syfte är att undersöka vilka komplikationer som uppstår vid implementationen samt hur användarna mottar applikationen. För detta har två undersökningsfrågor upprättats som ligger till grund för studien: Vad resulterar utvärderingarna i och vilka förslag till förbättring mottogs? Vilka komplikationer uppstår vid implementationen och hur har dessa lösts? Design Science Research applicerades som forskningsstrategi för studien där momenten Specificera krav, Implementering och Utvärdering användes för att skapa artefakten som det studeras kring. En agil arbetsmetod låg till grund för att föra arbetet framåt där det utvecklades i tre sprintar. Artefakten utvärderades av testpersoner som var personal hos uppdragsgivaren och det genomfördes Black Box- och Manuella tester där testpersonerna fick uttrycka och reflektera kring implementationen som utförts. Data samlades in med hjälp av strukturerade intervjuer där författaren förde anteckningar på vad som uttrycktes. Utvärderingarna resulterade i att det som implementerades saknade funktionalitet som testpersonerna efterfrågade. Flertalet data samlades in som påvisar att de krav som ställdes skulle behövt specificerats ytterligare för att uppnå högre tillfredsställelse från testpersonerna. De komplikationer som påträffades under implementationen kunde antingen lösas genom att läsa dokumentationen för teknik som användes eller att testpersonerna, som innehar mer erfarenhet än författaren, kunde lösa dessa. Slutsatsen för studien är att krav som ställs måste specificeras mer detaljrikt för att artefakten skall bli så likt användarnas bild av den som möjligt.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:33:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco Antonio Rodrigues Paulo.pdf: 1237641 bytes, checksum: ebaf2b880fdb3e4ccfd73634d40c5e0c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-04-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of this thesis is to analyze the bureaucratic/administrative structure of the public schools, starting with the General Directory´s regulation of 1910. The range extends up until the year 1919, which precedes the Sampaio Dória Reforms. Two movements are realized: the first consists of comparing the bureaucratic/administrative structure implanted by the regulations of public instruction of 1893 and 1898, with the regulation that created the General Directory of Public Instruction in 1910. For this, two categories of analysis are considered: government offices- the structure that administrates and inspects public instruction in the state of São Paulo, and the category of public post- the criteria established for the recruitment and standards for the posts of General Director of public studies and School Inspector. The second movement consists of a comprehensive understanding of the Paulista school structure, from a qualitative and from a quantitative perspective. In terms of the qualitative aspect, the reports from public school employees who occupied a position of General Director or School Inspector were analyzed in relation to their the evaluation of the Paulista public school system as a whole during the period considered in this project. In relation to the quantitative aspect, school statistics and public resources destined for school maintenance were analyzed, as well as the expansion of the Paulista public school system. The most important source of information related to this topic comes from the state of São Paulo yearly Teaching Reports. This study confirms, first, that the process of the rationalization and the bureaucratization instituted at the administration of Paulista public education was implanted before the Proclamation of the Republic, but was especially after 1910 that this process accelerated, with the creation and regulation of the General Directory of Public Instruction; secondly, it became evident that the administrative/bureaucratic structure instituted by the regulation that created the public offices, strengthened the tendency toward rationalization and bureaucratization of the infra-structure for administering and inspecting Paulista public instruction. This tendency expresses itself in the expansion of the Paulista school apparatus / Neste trabalho, é analisada a organização administrativo-burocrática da instrução pública instituída pelo regulamento da Diretoria Geral em 1910. A análise se estende até 1919, ano que antecede a reforma Sampaio Dória. São realizados dois movimentos: o primeiro consiste em comparar a estrutura administrativo-burocrática implantada pelos regulamentos da instrução pública de 1893 e de 1898, com o regulamento que cria a Diretoria Geral da Instrução Pública em 1910. Para isso, são consideradas duas categorias de análise: repartição pública estrutura que administra e fiscaliza a instrução pública do Estado de São Paulo, e cargo público especialmente, quanto aos critérios estabelecidos para o recrutamento e provimento para os cargos de Diretor Geral da Instrução Pública e de Inspetor Escolar. O segundo movimento consiste em compreender o aparelho escolar paulista, do ponto de vista qualitativo e quantitativo. No tocante ao aspecto qualitativo, foram analisados os relatórios dos funcionários públicos que ocuparam o cargo de Diretor Geral e de Inspetor Escolar, a fim de considerar a avaliação feita por esses sujeitos sobre o conjunto de escolas paulistas no período de abrangência deste estudo. Em relação ao aspecto quantitativo, foram analisadas as estatísticas escolares e os recursos destinados à manutenção e à expansão da instrução pública paulista. Para tanto, foram tomados como fontes privilegiadas os Anuários do Ensino e os Anuários Estatísticos de São Paulo. Constatou-se, primeiro, que o processo de racionalização e burocratização da administração da educação pública paulista foi iniciado antes da Proclamação da República, mas foi especialmente a partir de 1910, com a implantação e regulamentação da Diretoria Geral da Instrução Pública que esse processo se acelerou; segundo, a organização administrativo-burocrática, instituída pelo regulamento que criou essa repartição pública, fortaleceu a tendência à racionalização e burocratização dos órgãos que tinham por finalidade administrar e fiscalizar a instrução pública paulista. Tendência que se expressa na expansão do aparelho escolar paulista

Construite sur le tryptique engagement mutuel, entreprise commune et répertoire partagé, les Communautés de pratique sont des espaces pressentis dans le secteur marchand, comme favorables à l'apprentissage situé et à la valorisation des compétences ressources. Cette thèse a pour finalité d'éclairer la genèse et les usages de ce type de collectif dans le secteur particulier et sensible de l'hôpital public d'aujourd'hui. Longtemps demeurées informelles, elles captent progressivement l'intérêt de l'administration et des professionnels de santé car leur contribution au fonctionnement des établissements de santé s'étend au-delà du partage des connaissances. L'introduction du New Public Management génère de nombreux paradoxes et dualités et suppose pour les professionnels, jusqu'à présent autonomes, de s'approprier les nombreuses injonctions hiérarchiques et de construire du sens à la pratique dorénavant fléchée. Cette recherche qualitative, dont l'approche est interprétativiste, est construite sur une étude de trois cas. Elle est menée sous forme d'une observation participante, au sein de trois communautés de pratique d'hôpitaux publics représentatifs de l'offre de soins hospitalière d'aujourd'hui. Cette thèse comporte quatre parties : La première est composée d'une revue de littérature qui présente d'une part, l'environnement et les principales problématiques du fonctionnement hospitalier d'aujourd'hui et d'autre part, les éléments nécessaires à la compréhension de la genèse et des usages des CoP, tels qu'identifiés par les pères de ce concept. La seconde explique le design de recherche. La troisième expose les résultats pour chacun des cas analysés. L'analyse révèle des caractères communs retrouvés dans la genèse, l'organisation et le fonctionnement des trois cas, mais aussi des caractères hybrides. Au-delà d'un nouveau mode d'apprentissage identifié comme situé, les CoP placent les interactions langagières au centre des échanges, favorisent l'appropriation, par les professionnels de soins, des injonctions hiérarchiques. L'analyse des verbatims rappelle l'importance de l'influence du patient qui modifie la relation entre professionnels de soins et la hiérarchie et le situe au cœur de l'activité de production. Un modèle, représentatif de chaque communauté de pratique est élaboré à partir des données du terrain. La quatrième partie ouvre la discussion sur le management des communautés de pratique dont le défi demeure l'intégration des paradoxes et dualités induits par l'institution. La dynamique de management est interrogée et propose, dans la continuité des travaux de Detchessahar (2015) et Grimand (2016) un modèle intégrant. / “Communities of practice (CoP) are groups of people who share a concern, a set of problems or a passion about a topic and deepen their knowledge and expertise in this area by interacting on an ongoing basis” (Wenger, 2002, p.4)They are considered as an efficient way to develop new competencies and financial resources in industrial sector. The finality of this Thesis is to explore communities of practice in public sector, particularly in public hospital sector, which is characterised by complexity and sensitive situations.The research observes and explores three communities of practice, situated in three different public hospitals. This thesis throws light on the contribution of CoP to institutional functioning. Unknow or clearly identified by the institutional hierarchy, these areas allowed language interactions, situated learning and favour appropriate superior's injunctions. They are favourable to develop sensemaking. Especially, the analysis marks the influence of the patient, who transforms the relation between health professionals and hierarchy. It proposes three models, each one is built on verbatims exploration. It questions the management of communities of practice. Finally, it invites to include the presence of institutional paradoxes, rather than try to eliminate them

Durante el desarrollo de la presente investigación, encontramos que la mayor cantidad de empresas en nuestro país son las empresas familiares, que representan incluso el 60% de nuestro PBI, también hemos encontrado en la información de diferentes fuentes bibliográficas que el periodo de vida de estas empresas tiende a ser muy corto o a encontrar en el camino de su desarrollo crisis que no se han podido superar o que han generado que se estanque el crecimiento de las mismas. Por este motivo, decidimos plantearnos la hipótesis de que la presencia del directorio en una empresa familiar, en conjunto con el número de sus trabajadores, SI está relacionada con las ventas de la misma. Para ello tomamos una muestra no probabilística de empresas familiares de diferentes tamaños en las que evaluamos la presencia de variables como el directorio, las generaciones, consejo familiar y años de funcionamiento. Finalmente, estas variables las evaluamos mediante un enfoque cuantitativo; en el cual obtuvimos que efectivamente el directorio y la cantidad de trabajadores de la empresa familiar, si está relacionada estadísticamente y de manera significativa con sus ventas. / During the development of this research, we found that the largest number of companies in our country are family businesses, which even represent 60% of our GDP, we have also found in the information from different sources that the life span of these companies tends to be very short or to find in the path of their development crises that have not been overcome or that have led to stagnation of their growth. For this reason, we decided to consider the hypothesis that the presence of the board of directors in a family business, together with the number of its employees, is related to the sales of the same. To this end, we took a non-probabilistic sample of family businesses of different sizes in which we evaluated the presence of variables such as the directory, generations, family council and years of operation. Finally, we evaluated these variables in a quantitative approach; in which we obtained that effectively the directory and the number of workers in the family business it is related statistically and in a significant way with its sales. / Tesis

La nueva tendencia para aumentar el rendimiento de los futuroscomputadores son los multiprocesadores en un solo chip (CMPs). Seespera que en un futuro cercano salgan al mercado CMPs con decenas deprocesadores. Hoy en d�a, la mejor manera de mantener la coherencia decache en estos sistemas es mediante los protocolos basados endirectorio. Sin embargo, estos protocolos tienen dos grandesproblemas: una gran sobrecarga de memoria y una alta latencia de losfallos de cache.Esta tesis se ha centrado en estos problemas claves para la eficienciay escalabilidad del CMP. En primer lugar, se ha presentado unaorganizaci�n de directorios escalable. En segundo lugar, se hanpropuesto los protocolos de coherencia directa, que evitan laindirecci�n al nodo home y, por tanto, reducen el tiempo de ejecuci�nde las aplicaciones. Por �ltimo, se ha desarrollado una pol�tica demapeo para caches compartidas pero f�sicamente distribuidas, quereduce la latencia de acceso y garantiza una distribuci�n uniforme delos datos con el fin de reducir su tasa de fallos. Esto se traducefinalmente en un menor tiempo de ejecuci�n para las aplicaciones. / Chip multiprocessors (CMPs) constitute the new trend for increasingthe performance of future computers. In the near future, chips withtens of cores will become more popular. Nowadays, directory-basedprotocols constitute the best alternative to keep cache coherence inlarge-scale systems. Nevertheless, directory-based protocols have twoimportant issues that prevent them from achieving better scalability:the directory memory overhead and the long cache miss latencies.This thesis focuses on these key issues. The first proposal is ascalable distributed directory organization that copes with the memoryoverhead of directory-based protocols. The second proposal presentsthe direct coherence protocols, which are aimed at avoiding theindirection problem of traditional directory-based protocols and,therefore, they improve applications' performance. Finally, a novelmapping policy for distributed caches is presented. This policyreduces the long access latency while lessening the number of off-chipaccesses, leading to improvements in applications' execution time.

Unter Berücksichtung des vom Universitätsrechenzentrum (URZ) der TU Chemnitz angebotenen Dienstespektrums wird dessen Erweiterung durch Active Directory (AD) untersucht. Dabei war Aufgabe die vorhandene Infrastruktur nicht signifikant zu ändern. Für AD-basierende Technologien sind Alternativen zu diskutieren. Inbesondere soll Augenmerk auf die Bereiche der statischen DNS-Konfiguration, der vorhandenen Heimdal-basierten Kerberos-Authentifizierung und die Nutzerverwaltung in der MoUSE gelegt werden.

Mit der Sonderausgabe des Newsletters 2/2006 möchte die Universitätsbibliothek ergänzend zum Rundschreiben des Rektors 02/2006 den Angehörigen der TU Chemnitz weitere Informationen zum Thema Open Access (OA) geben. Die Universitätsbibliothek begrüßt den Beschluß von Rektorat und Senat zur Unterstützung von Open Acces an der TU Chemnitz mit dem Wortlaut - Rektorat und Senat der TU Chemnitz fordern die Autoren der Universität nachdrücklich auf, ihre wissenschaftlichen Publikationen als Pre- oder Postprintversion, soweit rechtliche Bedenken der Verlage nicht entgegenstehen, auf dem Publikationsserver MONARCH der TU Chemnitz abzulegen. - Rektorat und Senat ermutigen die Wissenschaftler der TU Chemnitz, in bestehenden Open-Access-Zeitschriften zu publizieren. Gerade die Bibliothek der TU Chemnitz als Dienstleister für Wissenschaftler und Studierende hat die Auswirkungen der Zeitschriftenkrise bitter zu spüren bekommen. Eine drastische Reduzierung des Zeitschriftenbestandes seit Mitte der 90er Jahre ist die Folge. Schon lange beklagen die Wissenschaftler diese Situation. Die Universitätsbibliothek ist der Auffassung, dass langfristig und durch eine weltweite Unterstützung von Open Access diese Entwicklung korrigiert und die Krise im System der wissenschaftlichen Kommunikation überwunden werden kann. Die Etablierung des "Prinzips des offenen Zugangs" setzt jedoch die aktive Beteiligung jedes einzelnen Produzenten von wissenschaftlicher Information voraus. Entscheidend für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung der geplanten Open Access Aktivitäten an der TU Chemnitz ist die Akzeptanz unter den Wissenschaftlern und vor allem deren aktive Unterstützung. / This is a special issue of the library's newsletter. In addition to the rector-circular 02/2006 we would like to give you further information about open access publishing at our university. The library welcomes the joint resolution recently made by the university's rectorate and its senate to support open access publishing at Chemnitz University of Technology. - Rectorate and Senate of Chemnitz University of Technology invite the authors to publish their scientific works as pre- or postprintversion in MONARCH, under attention of the copyright. - Rectorate and Senate encourage the scientists to publish in open access journals. The library as a service provider for scientists and students is confronted with the effects of journal crisis. A dramatically reduction of acquired journal titles is the result. The university library is in the conviction that a long-term and world-wide support of Open Access can corrected and negotiate this development. Therefore is the activity of each individual producer of scientific information important. The acceptance and assistance from our authors is the base for transposition Open Access to the Chemnitz University of Technology.