Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-10T00:02:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LuizEduardoMateusBrandao_DISSERT.pdf: 1459064 bytes, checksum: 761fdf6cac76c33ca0fce5c0da852e03 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-16T20:37:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LuizEduardoMateusBrandao_DISSERT.pdf: 1459064 bytes, checksum: 761fdf6cac76c33ca0fce5c0da852e03 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-16T20:37:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuizEduardoMateusBrandao_DISSERT.pdf: 1459064 bytes, checksum: 761fdf6cac76c33ca0fce5c0da852e03 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-22 / Os transtornos de ansiedade e a doen?a de Parkinson s?o patologias que atingem uma grande parcela da popula??o. Grande parte das alternativas terap?uticas para essas patologias n?o contribui para melhora de todos os aspectos cl?nicos e/ou acarreta efeitos colaterais indesej?veis, havendo assim uma grande demanda para o desenvolvimento de novos f?rmacos. A Passiflora cincinnata Mast., planta conhecida popularmente por ?maracuj? do mato?, ?maracuj? tubar?o? ou ?maracuj? mochila?, ? uma esp?cie nativa presente em diversos estados brasileiros. As esp?cies do g?nero Passiflora s?o muito conhecidas por suas flores vistosas, seus frutos comest?veis de sabor marcante e por suas propriedades sedativas, tranquilizantes e ansiol?ticas relatadas pela medicina popular. S?o plantas que apresentam compostos org?nicos importantes como fen?is, glicos?deos cianog?nicos, alcal?ides e flavan?ides, sendo estes respons?veis pelas atividades ansiol?tica, antioxidante, antiinflamat?ria, antihiperglic?mica, entre outras quando testadas em mam?feros. Apesar disto, poucos s?o os estudos realizados no sentido de investigar os poss?veis efeitos biol?gicos in vivo do extrato da esp?cie Passiflora cincinnata Mast. Ent?o, neste estudo avaliamos o efeito do extrato alco?lico desta planta na ansiedade e em um modelo animal da doen?a de Parkinson. O extrato etan?lico de P. cincinnata n?o acarretou altera??es significativas nos par?metros cl?ssicos relacionados com ansiedade no labirinto em cruz elevado, tanto para o tratamento agudo como para o cr?nico. Em rela??o ao potencial neuroprotetor, como demonstrado anteriormente por nosso grupo, a administra??o de inje??es repetidas de reserpina induz preju?zos motores progressivos, como o aumento no tempo de catalepsia em barra, aumento da frequ?ncia de tremor de mand?bula e mastiga??o no v?cuo, e redu??o na velocidade m?dia dos animais no campo aberto, bem como inibiu a produ??o de tirosina hidroxilase em c?lulas do SNpc. Al?m disso, este tratamento promoveu preju?zo na evoca??o da mem?ria aversiva nos camundongos submetidos a esquiva discriminativa no labirinto em cruz elevado. De forma inesperada, a administra??o de passiflora tamb?m acarretou preju?zo na evoca??o da mem?ria. Em contrapartida, a inje??o concomitantemente com extrato etan?lico de P. cincinnata, foi capaz de retardar o surgimento de d?ficits motores avaliados pela catalepsia em barra, e mais, reverteu o d?ficit na produ??o de TH na SNpc. / Anxiety disorders and Parkinson?s disease (PD) affect a large portion of the world population. Indeed, therapeutic alternatives available do not contribute to improve most clinical conditions and/or are linked with undesirable side effects. Thus, there is a great demand for the development of new drugs to treatment of these diseases. Passiflora cincinnata Mast. is a native species present in several Brazilian states, popularly known as ?maracuj? do mato?, ?maracuj? tubar?o? or ?maracuj? mochila?. Additionally, species of Passiflora genus are traditionally known for their exotic flowers, edible fruits with pronounced flavor and for their sedative, tranquilizer and anxiolytic properties reported by folk medicine. These plants possess important organic compounds such as phenols, cyanogenic glycosides, flavonoids and alkaloids, which are responsible for the anxiolytic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, among others activities when tested in mammals. Despite this fact, only a few studies have been conducted to investigate the possible in vivo biological effects of Passiflora cincinnata Mast extracts. Thereby, in this study we evaluated the effects of the alcoholic extract of this plant in anxiety and PD animal model. Mice acutely or chronically administered with ethanolic extract of P. cincinnata do not showed any anxiogenic- or anxyolitic-like effect in elevated plus maze (EPM). In order to reproduce PD symptom?s in mice, we administered repeated injections of reserpine which progressively induced motor impairments such as increase in catalepsy, oral movements, and reduction of the average speed of the animals in the open field, as well as depleted dopamine prodution in SNpc cells. Furthermore, this treatment resulted in the loss of aversive memory recall in mice when undergoing PMDAT. Yet, passiflora group also show this amnesic profile. However, animals treated concomitantly with the alcoholic extract of Passiflora cincinnata Mast. showed higher latency for the onset of motor impairment evaluated by catalepsy. Thus, our results shows that the alcoholic extract of the plant P. cincinnata was able to delay the onset of the catalepsy induced by reserpine administration, plus reverted the depletion of dopamine production in SNpc cells.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-31T23:30:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandaCarvalhoCagni_DISSERT.pdf: 1786366 bytes, checksum: c9744d9e47a1b28a2acd8f572b07d5da (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-05T20:01:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandaCarvalhoCagni_DISSERT.pdf: 1786366 bytes, checksum: c9744d9e47a1b28a2acd8f572b07d5da (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-05T20:01:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandaCarvalhoCagni_DISSERT.pdf: 1786366 bytes, checksum: c9744d9e47a1b28a2acd8f572b07d5da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-12 / As doen?as neurodegenerativas s?o objeto frequente de estudo devido ao n?mero crescente de casos associados ao processo de envelhecimento populacional e pelo impacto que causam na qualidade de vida dos indiv?duos. A doen?a de Parkinson (DP) ? a segunda doen?a neurodegenerativa mais frequente. Apesar da sua etiologia ainda n?o ser completamente conhecida, sabe-se que a mesma ? causada por fatores ambientais e gen?ticos. Assim, a investiga??o dos fatores etiol?gicos e os mecanismos respons?veis pelas altera??es que levam a DP podem contribuir para o seu diagn?stico e preven??o. Uma poss?vel associa??o entre DP e o polimorfismo comum do Fator Neurotr?fico Derivado do C?rebro (BDNF) G196A (Val66Met) tem sido sugerido por diferentes estudos com resultados contrastantes. Por esse motivo, o objetivo deste estudo ? verificar se o polimorfismo BDNF Val66Met confere susceptibilidade a DP em uma amostra de pacientes brasileiros e se isso implica em quaisquer altera??es no n?vel de BDNF em sangue total e na manifesta??o de sintomas. A amostra foi constitu?da de pacientes acompanhados pelo servi?o de neurologia do Hospital Universit?rio Onofre Lopes (HUOL) e controles saud?veis (CTRL). Os aspectos motores da DP foram avaliados pela Escala de Hoehn e Yahr (HY), Unified Parkinson?s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) e Escala de Atividades Di?rias de Schwab e England (SE). Para a avalia??o dos aspectos n?o-motores foram utilizados os instrumentos: Bateria de Avalia??o Frontal (BAF), Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM), Invent?rio de Depress?o de Beck (IDB) e o Invent?rio de Ansiedade de Beck (IAB). Amostras de sangue foram coletadas para a genotipagem do polimorfismo Val66Met e mensura??o da concentra??o de BDNF em sangue total. Como esperado, os pacientes com DP apresentaram pior desempenho na avalia??o motora, cognitiva e emocional. A distribui??o dos alelos entre os grupos n?o foi significativamente diferente, por?m o gen?tipo A/G foi associado significativamente como protetor para a DP. O gen?tipo G/G, por sua vez, foi associado significativamente com o desenvolvimento de depress?o e ansiedade em pacientes com DP. No entanto, as concentra??es de BDNF n?o foram diferentes entre os gen?tipos ou grupos. Este ? o primeiro estudo de associa??o gen?tica desse polimorfismo com a DP no Brasil e o primeiro que associou o heterozigoto A/G com prote??o contra a DP. / Neurodegenerative diseases are frequently studied due to the increasing number of cases associated with the populational ageing and to the impact on the conditions on the quality of life. Parkinson?s disease (DP) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease. Despite the fact that its etiology is not completely understood, it is known that DP is caused by environmental and genetic factors. Thus, the investigation of etiologic factors and mechanisms responsible for the changes that lead to DP may help early diagnostic and prevention. A possible association between DP and the common polymorphism of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) G196A (Val66Met) has been suggested by different studies with contrasting results. For this reason, the aim of this study is to investigate if the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is related to susceptibility to DP in a cohort of Brazilian patients. Additionaly, we verify if the presence of the polymorphism implies in alterations in the BDNF whole blood concentrations, as well as variations in symptomatology. The sample comprised Brazilian patients accompanied by the neurology service of the Onofre Lopes University Hospital (HUOL) and healthy controls (CTRL). The motor aspects of DP were evaluated by Hoehn e Yahr Scale (HY), Unified Parkinson?s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Schwab & England Scale (SE). For the evaluation of non-motor symptoms were used the following instruments: Frontal Assessment Battery (BAF), Mini-Mental State Examination (MEEM), Beck Depression Inventory (IDB) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (IAB). Blood samples were collected for BDNF Val66Met polymorphism genotyping and BDNF whole blood measurement. As expected, DP patients performed worse in motor, cognitive and emotional battery of questionnaires. Alleles distribution between DP and CTRL was not significantly different, but the A/G genotype was significantly associated with a protector factor for DP. In contrast, the G/G genotype was significantly associated with depression and anxiety development in DP patients. However, BDNF concentrations were not different between genotypes or groups. This is the first study of genetic association of this polymorphism with DP in Brazilian subjects and the first one that associate A/G genotype with protection against DP.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-26T19:16:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DiegoGomesTeixeira_DISSERT.pdf: 3901094 bytes, checksum: 8c230a0e1503d41ddbfe3f8758b2dbce (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-28T21:48:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DiegoGomesTeixeira_DISSERT.pdf: 3901094 bytes, checksum: 8c230a0e1503d41ddbfe3f8758b2dbce (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T21:48:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DiegoGomesTeixeira_DISSERT.pdf: 3901094 bytes, checksum: 8c230a0e1503d41ddbfe3f8758b2dbce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-02 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A Leishmaniose ? uma doen?a infecciosa que at? o momento n?o possui uma vacina capaz de eliminar o parasita do hospedeiro, sendo tratada apenas por meio de drogas pouco eficientes e de alto custo. Essa doen?a normalmente se apresenta formando ulcera??es na pele, mucosas e v?sceras. Os pa?ses mais atingidos por esse parasita encontram-se nas regi?es tropicais do planeta, e afeta aproximadamente dois milh?es de pessoas a cada ano. Acredita-se que no continente americano a esp?cie Leishmania infantum tenha sido introduzida pelos imigrantes durante o processo de coloniza??o dos pa?ses da Am?rica Central e do Sul. Nas ?ltimas d?cadas, estudos v?m mostrando que a expans?o urbana associada com o fluxo de pessoas para regi?es muito povoadas est?o contribuindo para uma expans?o no n?mero de reservat?rios para o parasita, influenciando uma maior varia??o de suas caracter?sticas g?nicas. Tais varia??es gen?ticas v?m sendo associadas ao perfil sintomatol?gico dos parasitas em seus hospedeiros, principalmente humanos. No estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, foram isolados e sequenciados o genoma de 20 cepas de L. infantum as quais apresentaram diferentes padr?es sintomatol?gicos (sintom?tico e assintom?tico) e com diferentes per?odos de isolamento, 5 na d?cada de 1990 e 15 nos anos recentes. Apesar dos diferentes padr?es cl?nicos o genoma dos isolados apresentaram alto grau de identidade entre si, at? mesmo os isolados da d?cada de 90 quando comparados com os recentes. Entretanto, as poucas varia??es foram suficientes para a identifica??o de padr?es de agrupamentos dos isolados por meio de an?lises de componentes principais, mostrando que os isolados dos anos recentes se encontram mais homog?neos na popula??o. An?lises de reconstru??o filogen?tica utilizando m?todos Bayesianos foram realizadas e observou-se a manuten??o nos padr?es de agrupamento j? vistos nos resultados anteriores, al?m disso foi gerado um expanded bayesian skyline plot por onde foi poss?vel constatar o crescimento da popula??o gen?mica de L. infantum quando comparado com a d?cada de 1990. Foram observadas altera??es no n?mero de c?pias cromoss?micas em todos os isolados, entretanto apenas o cromossomo 31 se apresentou como exclusivamente triss?mico. O presente trabalho apresenta ind?cios de padr?es nos genomas de isolados de L. infantum relacionando-os ?s caracter?sticas cl?nicas dos hospedeiros. / Leishmaniasis is a complex of diseases with no preventable or therapeutic vaccine available. There is only a small set of drugs for treatment of these diseases, which evolve with distinct clinical outcomes from skin ulcers, to mucosal involvement or visceralization. The type of clinical presentation usually is associated with the infecting species of Leishmania. Leishmania infantum is the visceralizing species, causing visceral leishmaniasis, in Latin America, Europe and northern Africa and was introduced in the Americas by Europeans during colonization. Visceral leishmaniasis used to be a sporadic disease found in rural areas Northeast of Brazil, however with urbanization, outbreaks have been reported in periurban areas of major cities. L. infantum infection can evolve with control of the parasite without apparent clinical symptoms, with only a minority developing symptomatic disease. The reasons why one evolve with selfresolution and others develop full blown disease is not entirely understood, but seems to include host genetic susceptibility, comorbidity, sand fly exposure and potentially genetic variation in the infecting Leishmania species. Our ongoing study, have shown structural genome variations in several clinical Leishmania isolates obtained from people infected in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. Despite the different clinical patterns, the isolates? genomes showed a high identity degree to each other, even the ones isolated from the 90 compared with the latest. However, the few found changes were sufficient for the isolation of the distinct groups by a principal component analysis, showing that the isolates from more recent years are more homogeneous among the population. Phylogenetic analyzes using Bayesian reconstruction methods have been made and supported the grouping patterns already seen in the foregoing results. Moreover by an Expanded Bayesian Skyline Plot it was possible to observe the growth of the genomic population of L. infantum compared with the 1990s. Changes were observed in the number of chromosome copies in all strains, but only chromosome 31 is presented as exclusively trisomic. This work presents evidence on patterns of L. infantum isolated genomes relating them to clinical characteristics of their hosts.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-05-30T20:01:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IanaVasconcelosMoreiraRosado_TESE.pdf: 1298071 bytes, checksum: 5d17f8124c28a42de1d32bc4a4975ee7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-05-31T22:54:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 IanaVasconcelosMoreiraRosado_TESE.pdf: 1298071 bytes, checksum: 5d17f8124c28a42de1d32bc4a4975ee7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-31T22:54:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IanaVasconcelosMoreiraRosado_TESE.pdf: 1298071 bytes, checksum: 5d17f8124c28a42de1d32bc4a4975ee7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-01 / A sa?de resulta da intera??o de fatores biol?gicos, sociais, econ?micos, pol?ticos e culturais. Nessa perspectiva, objetivou-se analisar a rela??o entre o trabalho nos hospitais p?blicos de urg?ncia e emerg?ncia e o processo de sa?de-adoecimento dos profissionais que o executam. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza quantiqualitativa, na qual foram aplicados question?rios com 240 profissionais (m?dicos, enfermeiros, assistentes sociais, psic?logos, dentistas, nutricionistas, fonoaudi?logos, fisioterapeutas e terapeutas ocupacionais). Os resultados demonstraram que os sujeitos reconhecem a import?ncia do trabalho para garantia de condi??es favor?veis ? sa?de. Entretanto, destacam seus efeitos no desgaste f?sico e ps?quico dos trabalhadores, por impulsionar estresse, aus?ncia de h?bitos saud?veis, hipertens?o arterial, dist?rbios do sono, osteomusculares e gastrintestinais. Torna-se premente enfrentar esta realidade, para potencializar a sa?de dos profissionais e, por conseguinte, a qualidade da assist?ncia ao usu?rio, visto que o adoecimento dos trabalhadores de sa?de est? fortemente relacionado com o modelo de sa?de existente na sociedade. / Health results from the interaction of biological, social, economic, political and cultural factors. Under this perspective, we aim to analyze the relationship among working in public emergency hospitals and the health-sickness of the professionals who work there. We are based in a quantitative and qualitative research, in which 240 health professionals (doctors, nurses, social workers, psychologists, dentists, nutritionists, audiologists, physiotherapists and occupational therapists) answered a survey. All of them recognize the importance of work to guarantee favorable conditions to good health. However, they highlight its physical and mental wear effects on workers like stress, absence of a healthy life-style, high blood pressure, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal and sleep disorders. It becomes urgent to face this reality, to enhance professionals' health and, consequently, the quality of user?s assistance, since the illness of health workers is strongly correlated with the existing health model in society.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-27T17:53:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LuisAlcidesDeLucenaMarinho_DISSERT.pdf: 1320162 bytes, checksum: cef9d2a20ccf311289d904d465faabe9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-29T21:36:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LuisAlcidesDeLucenaMarinho_DISSERT.pdf: 1320162 bytes, checksum: cef9d2a20ccf311289d904d465faabe9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-29T21:36:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuisAlcidesDeLucenaMarinho_DISSERT.pdf: 1320162 bytes, checksum: cef9d2a20ccf311289d904d465faabe9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-07 / INTRODU??O: A doen?a renal cr?nica (DRC) ? um problema de sa?de mundial, com preval?ncia crescente no seu est?gio terminal, fatos que podem ser justificados pela falha no reconhecimento da doen?a e dos seus fatores de risco. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o perfil de conhecimento de m?dicos residentes (MR) e m?dicos preceptores (MP) em hospitais da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte em Natal-RN - Brasil, sobre a DRC, com base na diretriz do Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI). M?TODOS: Estudo de corte transversal, onde 64 MR (R1=32; R2=15; R3=17) e 63 MP responderam um question?rio baseado na diretriz do KDOQI, dividido em sete sess?es, abordando aspectos da DRC desde a defini??o, at? o encaminhamento ao nefrologista. RESULTADOS: Apenas 20 participantes (15.7%) informaram utilizar alguma diretriz para o manejo da DRC. Os scores obtidos por sess?o foram: Defini??o e classifica??o (46.1?47.8); Fatores de risco (70.5?27.9); Avalia??o laboratorial (58.2?8.8); Plano de a??o cl?nica (57.6?19.9); Redu??o da protein?ria (68.3?15.0); Complica??es (64.8?19.9); Encaminhamento ao nefrologista (73.0?44.6). Observamos que houve uma diferen?a estatisticamente significante entre o conhecimento dos MR e MP nas sess?es: Avalia??o laboratorial (MR 61.5?8.4 vs MP 54.8?7.9; p<0.001); Redu??o da protein?ria (MR 73.1?11.4 vs MP 63.5?16.7; p<0.001) e Encaminhamento ao nefrologista (MR 81.2?39.3 vs MP 64.5?48.2; p=0.035). Entre os MR, os R2 obtiveram a melhor pontua??o (R1 63.9?22.6 vs R2 71.9?17.2 vs R3 63.5?22.5; p=0.445). Observamos um baixo percentual de acerto dos m?dicos sobre a defini??o da DRC (MP=46%; R1=40.6%; R2=60%; R3=52.9%; p=0.623), assim como a classifica??o da DRC (MP=34.9%; R1=53.1%; R2=60%; R3=52.9%; p=0.158). CONCLUS?O E CONSIDERA??ES FINAIS: Diretrizes para DRC s?o pouco utilizadas por m?dicos que, mesmo atuando em ambiente universit?rio, ainda exp?em lacunas no conhecimento sobre o tema. Nesse sentido, propomos a realiza??o de uma oficina para os m?dicos participantes e estudantes do internato da UFRN, utilizando estrat?gias educacionais centradas no estudante, no sentido de fortalecer a incorpora??o das diretrizes da DRC no ensino de gradua??o e na pr?tica cl?nica de m?dicos em geral. / INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem, with increasing prevalence in its terminal stage and one of the factors that can contribute is the failure to recognize the disease and its risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the knowledge of medical residents (MR) and medical preceptors (MP) in hospitals in the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte in Natal-RN - Brazil, on the DRC, based on the policy of the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO ). METHODS: Cross-sectional study where 64 MR (R1 = 32; R2 = 15; R3 = 17) and 63 MP answered a questionnaire divided into seven sessions that addressed aspects of the DRC since the setting up referral to a nephrologist. RESULTS: Only 20 participants (15.7%) reported using any guidelines for the management of CKD. The scores obtained by session were: Definition and classification (46.1 ? 47.8); Risk factors (70.5 ? 27.9); Laboratory evaluation (58.2 ? 8.8); Clinical action plan (57.6 ? 19.9); Reduction in proteinuria (68.3 ? 15.0); Complications (64.8 ? 19.9); Referral to a nephrologist (73.0 ? 44.6). There was a statistically significant difference between the knowledge of MR and MP in the sessions: Laboratory evaluation (MR 61.5 ? 8.4 vs 54.8 ? 7.9 MP; p <0.001); Reduction in proteinuria (73.1 ? 11.4 vs MR MP 63.5 ? 16.7; p <0.001) and Referral to a nephrologist (MR 81.2 ? 39.3 vs 64.5 ? 48.2 MP; p = 0.035). Among the MR, the R2 obtained the best score (63.9 ? 22.6 vs R1 R2 R3 71.9 ? 17.2 vs 63.5 ? 22.5, p = 0.445). It identified a low percentage of success of the doctors on the definition of CKD (MP = 46%; R1 = 40.6%; R2 = 60%; R3 = 52.9%; p = 0.623) and classification (MP = 34.9%; R1 = 53.1%, R2 = 60%; R3 = 52.9%; p = 0.158). CONCLUSION: The study showed that most doctors do not use any guidelines for clinical management of CKD and that there are gaps in knowledge on the subject, even among physicians who work in the university environment. In this sense, we propose the realization of mini-workshops for participants and students from boarding UFRN, using Case-Based Learning Strategy (CBL), with small group discussion, to strengthen the incorporation of CKD guidelines in undergraduate teaching and in clinical medical practice in general.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-07-08T20:36:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LuciaMariaDeOliveiraSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 1117679 bytes, checksum: b534802cf25f161fce0c6edc89f67851 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-11T19:00:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LuciaMariaDeOliveiraSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 1117679 bytes, checksum: b534802cf25f161fce0c6edc89f67851 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-11T19:00:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuciaMariaDeOliveiraSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 1117679 bytes, checksum: b534802cf25f161fce0c6edc89f67851 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-25 / O L?pus Eritematoso Sist?mico (LES) ? uma doen?a autoimune cr?nica, rara, multissist?mica, com um padr?o muito heterog?neo de manifesta??es cl?nicas e sorol?gicas. O paciente, al?m de sofrer agravos f?sicos e no funcionamento fisiol?gico, tamb?m pode enfrentar uma s?rie de problemas psicossociais. Pesquisas apontam que o LES pode acarretar danos importantes no ?mbito psicol?gico, principalmente com presen?a de ansiedade e depress?o. O American College of Rheumatology (ACR), em 1999, prop?s a defini??o de 19 s?ndromes cl?nicas neuropsiqui?tricas atribu?das ao LES. A depress?o, portanto, encontra-se entre os transtornos de humor e ? uma das manifesta??es psiqui?tricas mais comuns nesse grupo, sendo encontrada com maior frequ?ncia nesses pacientes do que na popula??o em geral. Estudos tamb?m sugerem que o apoio social desempenha um papel importante no desenvolvimento de estrat?gias de enfrentamento, na gest?o do LES e na depress?o. Assim, este estudo tem como objetivo geral verificar a associa??o entre sintomas depressivos e apoio social percebido em pacientes com LES. Os objetivos espec?ficos voltaram-se ?: investigar a preval?ncia de sintomas depressivos; investigar o apoio social percebido e verificar se h? associa??o entre a depress?o, o apoio social e vari?veis sociodemogr?ficas. Utilizou-se um question?rio sociodemogr?fico, a Escala de Depress?o de Beck e a Escala de Apoio Social Percebido. A an?lise foi realizada atrav?s das estat?sticas descritiva e inferencial. A amostra final foi de 79 mulheres com LES, com uma m?dia de idade de 35,7 anos. Destas, 44 (55,7%) eram casadas. Apenas 6 (7,59%) haviam terminado o ensino superior e 32 (40,51%) ainda n?o finalizaram o ensino m?dio. Setenta e uma (89,87%) tinha renda abaixo de tr?s sal?rios m?nimos e 71 (89,87) praticavam alguma religi?o, sendo a cat?lica (67,71%) a mais mencionada pelas participantes. Do total da amostra, 37 (46,74%) j? haviam sido diagnosticadas h? mais de 7 anos, sendo que 25 (31,65%) tinham LES h? mais de 10 anos. Apenas 19 (24,05%) desenvolviam alguma atividade laboral. Quarenta e duas (53,17%) apresentaram n?veis de sintomas depressivos de leve a grave e 51 (64,46%) referiram n?veis de dor igual ou acima de 5. Encontrou-se associa??o significativa entre sintomas depressivos e dor (p=0,013) e sintomas depressivos e atividade laboral (p=0,02). Quando se verificou a percep??o de apoio social, os resultados mostraram n?veis altos pelas participantes do estudo. Atrav?s do teste de correla??o de Spearman, encontrou-se forte correla??o entre sintomas depressivos e apoio social (p= 0,000037) de modo que quanto maior a frequ?ncia de apoio menor os escores de depress?o. Esses achados s?o relevantes porque sintomas depressivos nos pacientes com LES t?m um car?ter multicausal e multifatorial e podem permanecer despercebidos, pois muitos deles se confundem com as manifesta??es da doen?a. Tal fato exige dos profissionais uma avalia??o cuidadosa, n?o apenas no ?mbito cl?nico, mas tamb?m considerando outros fatores de ordem psicossociais que podem estar atuando no surgimento ou mesmo agravamento dos sintomas. Esses resultados tamb?m corroboram com outros estudos, os quais n?o apenas confirmam o papel preditivo do apoio social nos aspectos f?sicos, mas tamb?m psicol?gicos. Nesse sentido, os profissionais de sa?de que atuam nesta ?rea, podem desenvolver a??es que fortale?am as dimens?es de apoio social, pautando-se em interven??es bem-sucedidas j? em curso ou, a partir da fala dos pacientes com LES, construir pr?ticas de cuidado que estejam de acordo com as necessidades, peculiaridades e disponibilidade desse grupo. / Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease, rare, multisystem, with a very heterogeneous clinical and serological manifestations standard. The patient, in addition to suffering injuries on his physical and physiological functioning, may also face a number of psychosocial problems. Research indicates that SLE can cause significant damage to the psychological realm, especially with the presence of anxiety and depression. In 1999, the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), proposed the establishment of 19 neuropsychiatric clinical syndromes attributed to SLE. Depression lies between mood disorders and is one of the most common psychiatric manifestations in this group, being found more frequently in these patients than in the general population. Studies also suggest that social support plays an important role in the development of coping strategies, in SLE management and depression. This study has as main objective verify the association between depressive symptoms and perceived social support in patients with SLE. The specific objectives turned to: investigte the prevalence of depressive symptoms; investigate the perceived social support and verify if there is an association between depression, social support and sociodemographic variables. We used a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Beck Depression Scale, and the Perceived Social Support Scale. The analysis was performed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The final sample could count with 79 SLE women, with an average age of 35.7 years. 44 (55.7%) of the participants were married. Only 6 (7.59%) had completed higher education and 32 (40.51%) have not finished high school. Seventy-one (89.87%) had an income below three minimum salaries and 71 (89.87) practiced a religion, and the Catholic (67.71%) was the most mentioned by them. Of the total sample, 37 (46.74%) had been diagnosed SLE more than 7 years before, and 25 (31.65%) had the disease for more than 10 years. Only 19 (24.05%) had some work activity. Forty-two of them (53.17%) had depressive symptoms levels from mild to severe, and 51 (64.46%) reported pain levels of 5, or above. The study found a significant association between depressive symptoms and pain (p = 0.013) and depressive symptoms and work activity (p = 0.02). When we examined the perception of social support, the results showed high levels among participants. Using the Spearman correlation test we found a strong correlation between depressive symptoms and social support (p= 0,000037). It means that the higher the frequency of support, the lower the score of depression. These findings are relevant because depressive symptoms in patients with SLE have a multicausal and multifactorial character and may remain unnoticed, since many of them are confused with the manifestations of the disease. This fact requires a careful assessment from professionals, not only in the clinical setting, but also considering other psychosocial reasons, that may be influencing the emergence or worsening of symptoms. These results also corroborate other studies, which not only confirm the predictive role of social support in the physical wellbeing, but also in the psychological.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-07-11T17:13:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PatriciaGuerraPeixeGoncalves_DISSERT.pdf: 943209 bytes, checksum: 858cf53a3d375685e3e69be1d38caba2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-15T20:21:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PatriciaGuerraPeixeGoncalves_DISSERT.pdf: 943209 bytes, checksum: 858cf53a3d375685e3e69be1d38caba2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-15T20:21:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PatriciaGuerraPeixeGoncalves_DISSERT.pdf: 943209 bytes, checksum: 858cf53a3d375685e3e69be1d38caba2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-22 / A angiog?nese e a linfangiog?nese s?o altera??es tamb?m decorrentes da inflama??o gengival provocada por microrganismos presentes no biofilme dental, bem como pela a migra??o de c?lulas de defesa e secre??o de mediadores inflamat?rios no local da agress?o. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a angiog?nese e linfangiog?nese em 90 esp?cimes de bi?psias de tecido gengival clinicamente saud?vel, com gengivite e com periodontite cr?nicas. Os cortes histol?gicos foram avaliados pela colora??o de hematoxilina e eosina e pela t?cnica de imunoistoqu?mica atrav?s da imunomarca??o de CD34 e podoplanina, para avaliar, respectivamente, o ?ndice angiog?nico e linfangiog?nico, por meio da t?cnica de contagem microvascular. Os resultados mostraram que h? correla??o entre os ?ndices (p=0,030), por?m, mostrou que na periodontite h? menos n?meros de vasos linf?ticos do que no tecido gengival clinicamente saud?vel (p=0,016). A podoplanina mostrou marca??o no epit?lio e que h? rela??o da intensidade de marca??o com a intensidade do infiltrado inflamat?rio, sendo mais intensa a marca??o na presen?a de infiltrado inflamat?rio severo (p=0,033). Concluiu-se neste estudo que h? menor n?mero de vasos sangu?neos na periodontite em compara??o com a gengiva clinicamente saud?vel. As sinaliza??es presentes no processo inflamat?rio, bem como o real papel da vasculatura sangu?nea e linf?tica gengival ainda n?o est?o totalmente elucidadas / Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are changes that occur due to gingival inflammation caused by microorganisms present in the biofilm, as well as the migration of immune cells and secretion of mediators in the aggressed site. This study aimed to research angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in 90 specimens of clinically healthy, with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis gingival tissue biopsies. The histological sections were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin and the immunohistochemical technique through immunostaining for CD34 and podoplanin. To evaluate the angiogenic and lymphangiogenic indexes we performed a microvessel counting technique. The results showed that there is a correlation between the indexes (p = 0.030), however, we observed that periodontitis showed less lymphatic vessels than clinically healthy gingival tissue (p = 0.016). Podoplanin showed positive staining in the basal layers of the epithelium, and we observed a relationship between immunostaining intensity and the intensity of inflammatory infiltrate, with more intense staining in the presence of severe inflammatory infiltrate (p = 0.033). For this study, we concluded that there are fewer blood vessels in periodontitis compared with clinically healthy gingiva. The signaling present in the inflammatory process and the actual role of gingival blood and lymphatic vasculature are not fully understood, with further studies on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis being suggested.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:30:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaRLA.pdf: 621369 bytes, checksum: 16e9cd521a5599eb0289fb550685807b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Periodontal infections consist of a group of inflammatory conditions caused by microorganisms that colonize the tooth surface through the formation of dental biofilm. Chronic infections such as periodontitis have been associated to the development and progression of atherosclerosis. AIM: Detect cultivatable and non-cultivatable periodontopathogenic bacteria in atheromatous plaques; search for factors associated to the presence of these bacteria in the atheromatous plaques and characterize the presence of cultivatable and non-cultivatable bacteria in these plaques. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of 30 patients diagnosed with atherosclerosis in the carotid, coronary or femoral arteries and surgically treated with angioplasty and stent implant, bypass or endarterectomy. The plaques were collected during surgery and analyzed using the PCR molecular technique for the presence of the DNA of the cultivatable bacteria Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola and of the non-cultivatable Synergistes phylotypes. The patients were examined in the infirmary, after the surgery, where they also responded to a questionnaire aimed at determining factors associated to the presence of periodontopathogenic bacteria in the atheromatous plaques. RESULTS: All patients with tooth (66,7%) possessed disease periodontal, being 95% severe and 65% widespread. No periodontopathogenic bacteria were found in the atheromatous plaques. However, four samples (13.3%) were positive for the presence of bacteria. Of these, three participants were dentate, being two carriers of widespread severe chronic periodontite and one of located severe chronic periodontitis. None of them told the accomplishment of procedures associated to possible bacteremia episodes, as treatment endodontic, extraction the last six months or some procedure surgical dental. CONCLUSION: The periodontopathogenic bacteria studied were not found in the atheromatous plaques, making it impossible to establish the prevalence of these pathogens or the factors associated to their presence in plaques, the detection of positive samples for bacteria suggests that other periodontal and non-periodontal pathogens be studied in an attempt at discovering the association or not between periodontal disease and/or others infections and atherosclerosis, from the presence of these bacteria in atheromas / As infec??es periodontais compreendem um grupo de condi??es inflamat?rias, causadas por microrganismos que colonizam a superf?cie dent?ria, atrav?s da forma??o do biofilme dent?rio. Atualmente, infec??es cr?nicas como as periodontais t?m sido associadas ao desenvolvimento e progress?o da aterosclerose. OBJETIVOS: Detectar bact?rias periodontopatog?nicas cultiv?veis e n?o cultiv?veis em placas ateromatosas; buscar fatores associados ? presen?a destas bact?rias nas placas ateromatosas e caracterizar a presen?a de bact?rias cultiv?veis e n?o cultiv?veis em placas ateromatosas. METODOLOGIA: Foi realizado um estudo seccional, utilizando uma amostra de 30 pacientes que apresentaram o diagn?stico de aterosclerose nas art?rias car?tidas, coronarianas ou femorais, e foram tratados cirurgicamente atrav?s da realiza??o dos procedimentos de angioplastia com implante de stent, bypasse ou endartarectomia. As placas foram coletadas durante as cirurgias realizadas e analisadas atrav?s da t?cnica molecular de PCR para a presen?a de DNA das bact?rias periodontais cultiv?veis Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis e Treponema denticola e o filotipo n?o-cultiv?vel Synergistes species. Os pacientes foram examinados no leito da enfermaria, ap?s as cirurgias, onde tamb?m responderam a um question?rio cujo objetivo foi buscar fatores associados ? presen?a de bact?rias periodontopatog?nicas nas placas ateromatosas. RESULTADOS: Todos os pacientes dentados (66,7%) possu?am doen?a periodontal, sendo 95% severa e 65% generalizada.Nenhuma bact?ria periodontopatog?nica pesquisada foi encontrada nas placas ateromatosas. No entanto, quatro amostras (13,3%) foram positivas para a presen?a de bact?rias. Destas, tr?s participantes eram dentados, sendo dois portadores de periodontite cr?nica severa generalizada e um de periodontite cr?nica severa localizada. Nenhum deles relatou a realiza??o de procedimentos associados a poss?veis epis?dios de bacteremia, como tratamento endod?ntico, exodontia nos ?ltimos seis meses ou algum procedimento cir?rgico odontol?gico. CONCLUS?O: As bact?rias periodontopatog?nicas estudadas n?o foram encontradas nas placas ateromatosas, n?o pudendo ser estabelecida a preval?ncia destes pat?genos e nem os fatores associados ? presen?a deles nas placas, mas, a detec??o das amostras positivas para bact?rias abre caminhos para que outros pat?genos periodontais e n?o periodontais sejam estudados na tentativa de elucidar de maneira definitiva a associa??o ou n?o entre a doen?a periodontal e/ou outras infec??es e a aterosclerose, atrav?s da presen?a destas bact?rias nos ateromas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:32:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BrunaAA_TESE.pdf: 3866204 bytes, checksum: 7934d035171f609056bc3ea2c84219b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-16 / Periodontal disease is an infection initiated by oral periodontal pathogens that trigger an immune response culminating in tissue destruction. This destruction is mediated by the host by inducing the production and activation of lytic enzymes, cytokines and the stimulation of osteoclastogenesis. The aim of this study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of factors involved in bone resorption, RANKL (Ligand Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kappa B), OPG (Osteoprotegerin) and TNF-&#945; (tumor necrosis factor alpha) between the gingival healthy, gingivitis and chronic periodontitis and correlate them with clinical parameters. The sample consisted of 83 cases and 12 clinically healthy gums, 42 gingivitis and 29 periodontitis, from 74 adolescent and adult patients with a mean age of 35 years, without systemic changes and non-smokers, predominantly female and race brown. There was no statistically significant difference for the expression of anti-RANKL (p = 0.581) and RANKL / OPG ratio (p = 0.334) when comparing the three conditions, but the anti-OPG and anti-TNF-&#945; showed statistically significant between the types of injury (p = 0.001 and p <0.001, respectively), showing greatest expression in periodontitis. In cases of periodontitis, the variable clinical attachment loss (PIC) was statistically significant and positive correlation, respectively, with immunostaining of anti-RANKL (p = 0.002, p = 0.001 and r = 0.642), anti-OPG (p = 0.018, p = 0.014 and r = 0.451), anti-TNF-&#945; (p = 0.032, p = 0.014 and r = 0.453) and the percentage ratio of RANKL / OPG (p = 0.018, p = 0.002 and r = 0.544). The tooth mobility (MB) showed a statistically significant difference only with immunohistochemical anti-RANKL (p = 0.026), and probing depth (PD) was positively correlated with anti-RANKL (p = 0.028 and r = 0.409), both in cases of periodontitis. Only in cases of gingivitis TNF-&#945; was positively correlated with RANKL (p = 0.012 and r = 0.384) and the RANKL / OPG ratio (p = 0.027 and r = 0.341). Given these results, we conclude that the greatest expression of TNF-&#945; in periodontitis demonstrates a relationship with the progression and severity of periodontal disease and the correlation between all antibodies and clinical attachment loss demonstrates their involvement in periodontal bone resorption / A doen?a periodontal ? uma infec??o oral iniciada por periodontopat?genos que desencadeiam a resposta imune culminando com a destrui??o tecidual. Essa destrui??o ? mediada pelo hospedeiro atrav?s da indu??o da produ??o e ativa??o de enzimas l?ticas, citocinas e da estimula??o da osteoclastog?nese. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a express?o imuno-histoqu?mica dos fatores envolvidos na reabsor??o ?ssea, RANKL (Ligante do Receptor Ativador do Fator Nuclear kappa B), OPG (Osteoprotegerina) e TNF-&#945; (Fator de Necrose Tumoral Alfa) entre a gengiva clinicamente saud?vel, a gengivite e a periodontite cr?nica, correlacionando-os com os par?metros cl?nicos periodontais. A amostra consistiu de 83 casos, sendo 12 de gengivas clinicamente saud?veis, 42 de gengivite e 29 de periodontite, oriundos de 74 pacientes adolescentes e adultos com idade m?dia de 35 anos, sem altera??es sist?micas e n?o fumantes, predominantemente do sexo feminino e da ra?a parda. N?o houve diferen?a estatisticamente significativa para express?o do anticorpo anti-RANKL (p=0,581) e da raz?o RANKL/OPG (p=0,334) quando se comparou as tr?s condi??es cl?nicas, mas o anti- OPG e anti-TNF-&#945; mostraram diferen?as estatisticamente significativas entre os tipos de les?o (p=0,001 e p<0,001, respectivamente), revelando maior imunoexpress?o na periodontite. Nos casos de periodontite, a vari?vel perda de inser??o cl?nica (PIC) mostrou diferen?a estatisticamente significativa e correla??o positiva, respectivamente, com a imunomarca??o dos anticorpos anti-RANKL (p=0,002; p=0,001 e r=0,642), anti-OPG (p=0,018; p=0,014 e r=0,451), anti-TNF-&#945; (p=0,032; p=0,014 e r=0,453) e com a raz?o percentual de RANKL/OPG (p=0,018; p=0,002 e r=0,544). A mobilidade dent?ria (MB) apresentou diferen?a estatisticamente significativa somente com a imunoexpress?o do anti-RANKL (p=0,026), e a profundidade de sondagem (PS) apresentou correla??o positiva com o anti- RANKL (p=0,028 e r=0,409), ambos nos casos de periodontite. Somente nos casos de gengivite o TNF-&#945; apresentou correla??o positiva com o RANKL (p=0,012 e r=0,384) e com a raz?o RANKL/OPG (p=0,027 e r=0,341). Diante desses resultados, conclui-se que a maior imunoexpress?o do TNF-&#945; na periodontite demonstra uma rela??o com a progress?o e severidade da doen?a periodontal e a correla??o entre todos os anticorpos e a perda de inser??o cl?nica demonstra o envolvimento destes na reabsor??o ?ssea periodontal

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ValeriaFS_TESE.pdf: 2279391 bytes, checksum: 08beaafd16be358ec180ad0490a2aadd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-15 / Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative brain disorders and is characterized primarily by a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons nigroestriatais. The main symptoms of this disease are motor alterations (bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor at rest), which can be highly disabling in advanced stages of the condition. However, there are symptomatic manifestations other than motor impairment, such as changes in cognition, mood and sensory systems. Animal models that attempt to mimic clinical features of PD have been used to understand the behavioral and neural mechanisms underlying neurophysiological disturbance of this disease. However, most models promote an intense and immediate motor impairment, consistent with advanced stages of the disease, invalidating these studies for the evaluation of its progressive nature. The administration of reserpine (a monoamine depletor) in rodents has been considered an animal model for studying PD. Recently we found that reserpine (in doses lower than those usually employed to produce the motor symptoms) promotes a memory deficit in an aversive discrimination task, without changing the motor activity. It was suggested that the administration of this drug in low doses can be useful for the study of memory deficits found in PD. Corroborating this data, in another study, acute subcutaneous administration of reserpine, while preserving motor function, led to changes in emotional context-related (but not neutral) memory tasks. The goal of this research was to study the cognitive and motor deficits in rats repeatedly treated with low doses of reserpine, as a possible model that simulates the progressive nature of the PD. For this purpose, 5-month-old male Wistar rats were submitted to a repeated treatment with vehicle or different doses of reserpine on alternate days. Cognitive and motor parameters and possible changes in neuronal function were evaluated during treatment. The main findings were: repeated administration of 0.1 mg / kg of reserpine in rats is able to induce the gradual appearance of motor signs compatible with progressive features found in patients with PD; an increase in striatal levels of oxidative stress and changes in the concentrations of glutamate in the striatum were observed five days after the end of treatment; in animals repeatedly-treated with 0. 1 mg/kg, cognitive deficits were observed only after the onset of motor symptoms, but not prior to the onset of these symptoms; 0.2 mg / kg reserpine repeated treatment has jeopardized the cognitive assessment due to the presence of severe motor deficits. Thus, we suggest that the protocol of treatment with reserpine used in this work is a viable alternative for studies of the progressive appearance of parkinsonian signs in rats, especially concerning motor symptoms. As for the cognitive symptoms, we suggest that more studies are needed, possibly using other behavioral models, and / or changing the treatment regimen / A doen?a de Parkinson (DP) ? um dos transtornos cerebrais neurodegenerativos mais comuns e se caracteriza primariamente por uma progressiva degenera??o dos neur?nios dopamin?rgicos nigroestriatais. Os sintomas principais dessa doen?a s?o aqueles de origem motora (bradicinesia, rigidez, tremor em repouso), por?m altera??es na cogni??o, no humor e no sistema sensorial tamb?m podem ser observadas. Modelos animais que tentam mimetizar caracter?sticas cl?nicas da DP v?m sendo utilizados para compreender as altera??es comportamentais e mecanismos neuronais subjacentes ao dist?rbio neurofisiol?gicos dessa doen?a Contudo, a maioria dos modelos promove um comprometimento motor intenso e imediato, compat?vel com est?gios avan?ados da doen?a, invalidando estes estudos quanto ? avalia??o da natureza progressiva da manifesta??o sintomatol?gica (motora ou cognitiva) da DP. A administra??o de reserpina (um depletor de monoaminas) em roedores tem sido considerada um modelo animal para o estudo da DP. Recentemente verificamos que a reserpina (em doses menores que as usualmente empregadas para produzir os sintomas motores) promove um d?ficit de mem?ria em uma tarefa de discrimina??o aversiva, sem alterar a atividade motora. A partir desse estudo sugeriu-se que a administra??o desse f?rmaco em doses baixas pode ser ?til para o estudo dos d?ficits de mem?ria encontrados na DP. Corroborando esse dado, em outro estudo, a administra??o aguda subcut?nea de reserpina, em doses que n?o afetam a fun??o motora, levou a altera??es em mem?ria que envolve contexto emocional enquanto as sem conota??o emocional n?o foram afetadas. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram estudar os d?ficits cognitivos e motores associados ? administra??o repetida de baixas doses de reserpina e desenvolver um poss?vel modelo que mimetize uma neurodegenera??o progressiva. Para isso, ratos Wistar machos com idade de 5 meses foram submetidos a um tratamento repetido, em dias alternados, com ve?culo ou diferentes doses de reserpina. Par?metros cognitivos e motores, bem como poss?veis altera??es na fun??o neuronal, foram avaliados ao longo do tratamento. Os principais resultados encontrados foram: a administra??o repetida de 0,1 mg/Kg de reserpina em ratos ? capaz de induzir o aparecimento gradual de sinais motores compat?veis com as caracter?sticas progressivas encontrados em pacientes com DP; os sinais motores foram acompanhados por um aumento dos n?veis de estresse oxidativo no estriado; altera??es nas concentra??es de glutamato no estriato nos grupos tratados com doses repetidas de 0,1 e 0,2 mg/Kg foram observadas cinco dias ap?s o final do tratamento; em animais tratados com doses repetidas de 0,1 mg/kg, d?ficits cognitivos foram observados apenas ap?s o surgimento dos sinais motores, mas n?o em avalia??es feitas anteriormente ao surgimento desses sinais; na dose de 0,2 mg/kg a avalia??o cognitiva foi comprometida pela presen?a de d?ficits motores intensos. Dessa forma, os dados obtidos indicam que o protocolo de tratamento com a reserpina utilizado neste trabalho seja uma alternativa vi?vel para os estudos do processo progressivo de aparecimento de sinais parkinsonianos em ratos, principalmente no que diz respeito aos sinais motores. Quanto aos sinais cognitivos, sugere-se que mais estudos s?o necess?rios, possivelmente em outros modelos comportamentais e/ou alterando-se o esquema de tratamento