A violência intrafamiliar contra crianças e adolescentes é resultante de um processo social que se configura, em todas as suas formas, como grave problema que impacta o desenvolvimento e a saúde das vítimas. Sua ocorrência é associada a aspectos multifacetados e multideterminados, sendo agravada pela não notificação. Este estudo objetiva analisar o habitus de professoras e gestoras de escolas públicas frente à violência intrafamiliar vivida pelos alunos, que pode ou não se materializar na notificação dos casos identificados aos serviços e órgãos de defesa e da proteção da criança e do adolescente. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, desenvolvida por meio do método praxiológico bourdieusiano com ênfase no conceito de habitus e em seus componentes. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas com 18 professoras e gestoras de 6 escolas públicas de Ribeirão Preto-SP. Os resultados revelaram que as participantes provêm de famílias numerosas, com reduzido capital cultural, capital econômico e capital social. Demonstrou-se ainda que as professoras e gestoras tomam decisões em relação aos casos de violência intrafamiliar identificados. Entretanto, de modo recorrente, elas optam por soluções pontuais como conversar com os pais no interior da própria escola, registrar no livro de ocorrências ou, no caso das professoras, repassar a responsabilidade da notificação para a Direção. Apenas dois casos identificados foram compartilhados com o Conselho Tutelar. A não notificação, baseada nas relações de força de base material, aparece como uma regularidade do habitus, adquiridas precocemente pelas experiências familiares que, necessariamente, passaram a integrar e relacionar-se com o habitus das educadoras - disposições estas que, associadas a determinações do espaço social da escola e da comunidade, continuam orientando e condicionando a tomada de decisão em relação à efetivação da notificação. Em outras palavras, as educadoras acabam produzindo ações e, por sua vez, estratégias ajustadas às suas disposições enquanto pertencentes às classes dominadas e reafirmam essa materialidade na prática. Em geral, a não notificação ocorre pelo sentimento de medo, ou seja, um habitus estruturado desde a infância e reestruturado no espaço escolar. No entanto, é possível problematizar estratégias para a reestruturação do habitus das educadoras, aumentando o índice das notificações. Dessa forma, é possível romper com o ciclo da violência criando habitus de prevenção, promoção e combate às violações do direito da criança e do adolescente / Family violence against children and adolescents is the result of a social process that is configured, in all its forms, as a serious problem that has an impact on the development and health of victims. Its occurrence is associated with multifaceted and multidetermined aspects, being aggravated by non-notification. This study aims to analyze the habitus of teachers and administrators of public schools in the face of family violence experienced by students, which may or may not materialize in the notification of identified cases to the services and defense agencies and protection of children and adolescents. It is a qualitative research, developed through the bourdieusiano praxiological method with emphasis on the concept of habitus and its components. Data collection was done through interviews with 18 teachers and managers of 6 public schools in Ribeirão Preto-SP. The results revealed that the participants came from large families with low cultural, economic and social capital. It was demonstrated at the same time that the teachers and managers make decisions regarding the identified cases of family violence. However, on a recurring basis, they opt for specific solutions such as talking with parents inside the school, registering in the book of occurrences or, in the case of teachers, pass on the responsibility of notification to the Board. Only two identified cases were shared with the Guardianship Council. Non-notification, based on material-base force relationships, appears as a regularity of the habitus, acquired early by family experiences that necessarily began to integrate and relate to the habitus of educators - dispositions that, associated to determinations of the social space of the school and the community, continue to guide and condition the decision- making regarding the effectiveness of the notification. In other words, the educators end up producing actions and, in turn, strategies adjusted to their dispositions as belonging to the dominated classes and reaffirm this materiality in practice. In general, nonnotification occurs because of the fear feeling, that is, a habitus structured from childhood and restructured in the school space. However, it is possible to problematize strategies for the restructuring of the educators\' habitus, increasing the rate of notifications. In this way, it is possible to break with the cycle of violence by creating habitus of prevention, promotion and combat to violations of the right of the child and the adolescent

A tuberculose à uma doenÃa de determinaÃÃo polÃtico-social que vinha transcorrendo em declÃnio, em especial nas regiÃes desenvolvidas atà a dÃcada de 70. No entanto, a partir dos anos 80, constata-se seu recrudescimento em todos os continentes, incluindo os paÃses desenvolvidos, onde essa doenÃa era de fato um problema declinante e atà passÃvel de erradicaÃÃo. A elevaÃÃo da incidÃncia se explica pelo empobrecimento da populaÃÃo e, surgimento e alastramento da SÃndrome da ImunodeficiÃncia Adquirida (AIDS) alÃm da assistÃncia precÃria à saÃde. No CearÃ, de 1992 a 1996, em relaÃÃo Ãs doenÃas transmissÃveis de notificaÃÃo compulsÃria, a tuberculose se encontrou entre as quatro de maior freqÃÃncia O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em estudar a morbidade e mortalidade da tuberculose no CearÃ, descrevendo sua epidemiologia, em funÃÃo das variÃveis de pessoa, de lugar e de tempo, no perÃodo de 1992 a 1996, bem como caracterizar, sucintamente, aspectos da demografia do estado, especialmente dos municÃpios com as maiores e as menores incidÃncias da tuberculose. O material deste estudo incluiu dados secundÃrios de morbidade e mortalidade do sistema de vigilÃncia epidemiolÃgica da Secretaria da SaÃde do Estado do CearÃ, alÃm de dados demogrÃficos do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e EstatÃstica (IBGE) e do Instituto de Planejamento do CearÃ. Destacam-se como principais resultados: 1) O registro de 885 Ãbitos com coeficiente de mortalidade de 2,69/ 100 mil; 2) a nÃtida tendÃncia decrescente da mortalidade; 3) a notificaÃÃo de 21.033 casos novos da tuberculose representando uma incidÃncia de 64,03/100 mil habitantes; 4) a faixa etÃria mais afetada foi a de 20 a 29 anos (24,84%) e a de maior risco para adoecer foi a de 50 a 59 anos (coeficiente de 124,18/100 mil); 5) a tendÃncia de incidÃncia da tuberculose pulmonar bacilÃfera foi discretamente descendente; 6) O fato de ter sido encontrado elevado Ãndice de urbanizaÃÃo para os municÃpios com as mais altas incidÃncias da tuberculose. Os achados da presente investigaÃÃo estabelecem a tuberculose como uma endemia de grande magnitude, ratificando sua condiÃÃo de relevante problema de pÃblica. / Tuberculosis is a disease associated with strong social determinants. Until the 70âs tuberculosis morbidity rates steadily decreased world-wide. Since the 80âs however, an increase was observed in all continents, including the developed countries, where this disease was a problem amenable of eradication. This increase in the incidence was explained by the spread of both, poverty and AIDS epidemics. Tuberculosis is one of the infectious and communicable diseases more frequent in Ceara. The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of tuberculosis morbidity and mortality in Ceara in the 1992-1996 period. An analysis of the stateâs demographic background is also presented, in an attempt to explain the fairly high rates. Demographic and surveillance data from IBGE and State of Ceara Secretariat for Health were used. The main results were: 1) the mortality rate was 2.69/ 100,000 with a falling trend. 2) 21,033 incidence cases were notified, with a incidence rate of 64.03/ 100,000; 3) the age group 20 to 29 years was the most affected, while the persons above 50 years old showed the highest risk; 4) a declining trend of pulmonary involvement was observed. The results confirm tuberculosis as one of the most important endemic disease in Ceara, being necessary the urgent implementation of strong public health initiatives in order to achieve its control.

Orientador: Maria Rita Donalisio Cordeiro / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T06:09:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Henn_CarlosAlberto_M.pdf: 5587396 bytes, checksum: 8fd602548879cd405da4ec0fafa75a74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: A compreensão da epidemia do HIV e da Aids em suas diferentes dimensões socioeconômica, cultural, biológica e política entre outras representa, ainda, um grande desafio para a Saúde Pública no Brasil em mais de vinte anos de doença, no país e no mundo. A dinâmica atual da epidemia da Aids atinge de forma diferenciada populações em seus "habitat", e caracteriza-se pelas tendências de "heterossexualização", 'feminização", "interiorização", "pauperização" e, mais recentemente, acometimento de faixa etária mais idosa, concentrando-se nas populações marginalizadas e vulneráveis. Foram georreferenciados os endereços dos indivíduos maiores de 13 anos notificados com Aids no município de Campinas, no período de 1980 a 2005. Utilizou-se o estimador de densidade de pontos kernel para investigar aglomeração de casos. Foram georreferenciados 4.175 casos de Aids, 90% do total notificado pelo Sistema de Vigilância Epidemiológica, segundo as variáveis sexo e faixa etária em diferentes períodos da epidemia. Os mapas indicam uma crescente dispersão dos casos para áreas urbanizadas da periferia da cidade no decorrer dos anos. A distribuição espacial dos casos de Aids em mulheres é diferente da observada entre os homens, evidenciando padrões distintos no tempo e espaço. Embora seja um estudo exploratório que não pondera as ocorrências pela população sob risco, a distribuição dos casos em maiores de 50 anos concentra-se em áreas centralizadas do mapa da cidade. A incorporação de técnicas de geoprocessamento e análise espacial pode contribuir com as ações de prevenção e controle da epidemia por parte do Programa Municipal de DST/Aids e Vigilância Epidemiológica do município de Campinas / Abstract: Understanding the different socio-economic, cultural, biological, and political dimensions of the HIV and Aids epidemic is still a large challenge for the Brazilian Health System after more than twenty years of the disease in the country and the world. The current dynamic of the Aids epidemic touches people in different ways in their "habitats", and is characterized by trends such as heterosexualization, feminization, interiorization, pauperization, and more recently has attacked a much older age band, concentrating in marginalized and vulnerable populations. Addresses were georeferenced for over >13-year-old individuals registered with Aids in Campinas municipal area between 1980 and 2005. A kernel density estimator for points was used to investigate case agglomeration. A total of 4175 Aids cases were georeferenced, 90% of the total notified by the Epidemiological Monitoring System, according to gender and age group in different periods of the epidemic. The maps indicated increasing case dispersion in urbanized peripheral areas of the city as the years elapsed. Spatial distribution of aids cases in women is different to men, showing distinct time and space profiles. Although this was an exploratory study which did not consider occurrences for the at risk population, the distribution of >50-year-old cases is concentrated in centralized areas of the city. Geoprocessing techniques and spatial analysis can help in epidemic prevention and control as part of the Campinas Municipal STD/Aids and Epidemiological Monitoring Program / Mestrado / Epidemiologia / Mestre em Saude Coletiva

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Os medicamentos sÃo a principal ferramenta terapÃutica para a recuperaÃÃo ou manutenÃÃo das condiÃÃes de saÃde da populaÃÃo. Dentre os problemas mais comuns relacionados aos mesmos estÃo a ReaÃÃo Adversa a Medicamentos (RAM) e Queixas TÃcnicas (QT), sendo necessÃria sua vigilÃncia atravÃs do gerenciamento, direcionamento e desenvolvimento de atividades de farmacovigilÃncia mediante a formaÃÃo de centros colaboradores/notificadores. Avaliar as notificaÃÃes de RAM e QT enviadas e analisadas pelo Centro de FarmacovigilÃncia do Cearà (CEFACE) durante os seus nove anos de funcionamento voltados para o contexto da saÃde pÃblica e do uso racional de medicamentos. Foram coletadas todas as notificaÃÃes de RAM e QT do banco de dados do CEFACE, durante o perÃodo de janeiro/97 a dezembro/05, sendo as seguintes variÃveis analisadas: sexo e idade, origem da notificaÃÃo, notificador, medicamento envolvido, RAM referida, e classificaÃÃo desta quanto à causalidade e severidade e tipo de RAM segundo Rawlins e Thompson. Quanto à QT, as variÃveis foram: origem da notificaÃÃo, tipo de QT, notificador e medicamento ou material mÃdico envolvido. Foi tambÃm realizado um levantamento para identificaÃÃo na literatura da possibilidade dos excipientes farmacÃuticos serem fatores de risco para RAM, utilizando-se como base inicial os 11 medicamentos mais vendidos no mercado brasileiro, no perÃodo de novembro/02 a novembro/03 e suas respectivas formulaÃÃes. Posteriormente foi feita a retirada de casos com envolvimento desses excipientes em estudos de casos clÃnicos suspeitos. No perÃodo de janeiro/97 a dezembro/05, o CEFACE registrou 1.293 notificaÃÃes. Destas, 1.172 (90,6%) foram casos de RAM e 121 (9,4%) de QT. Houve uma reduÃÃo significante do envio dessas notificaÃÃes durante os anos. A maioria das RAM foi referente ao sexo feminino (62,7%) e a faixa etÃria de 21-30 anos (17,7%). A busca ativa foi o mÃtodo de notificaÃÃo com maior percentual (59,3%). 85,6% (RAM) foram de origem hospitalar com percentual de pÃblicos de 81,6%. O grupo terapÃutico com maior envolvimento foi o dos antiinfecciosos de uso sistÃmico (40%). O sistema da pele (48,5%) destacou-se dentro das RAM referidas. Quanto à causalidade, o maior nÃmero de RAM foi do tipo provÃvel (44,1%) e para a severidade destacaram-se as moderadas (52,2%). A maioria foi RAM do tipo A. As RAM graves e fatais tambÃm ocorreram. As QT foram de origem hospitalar (n=120), com Ãnfase para a mudanÃa de coloraÃÃo (47,1%) e falta de eficÃcia (22,3%). Foram identificados na literatura 10 excipientes farmacÃuticos de risco, sendo 03 responsÃveis por RAM coletadas no banco de dados do CEFACE. O estudo de RAM e QT, bem como o estabelecimento de seus fatores condicionantes por um centro de farmacovigilÃncia tÃm grande importÃncia no contexto da saÃde pÃblica e do uso racional de medicamentos. Tanto o profissional notificador, como a populaÃÃo em geral, deve ser incentivado a notificar toda suspeita de RAM e QT aos ÃrgÃos responsÃveis para que sejam estabelecidas medidas administrativas, dentre elas: a) Retirada de produtos inadequados do mercado; b) MudanÃas nas suas bulas e c) RestriÃÃo de uso na populaÃÃo. O levantamento na literatura cientÃfica demonstra de forma clara que, o envolvimento dos excipientes à um fator de risco para a ocorrÃncia de RAM, possibilitando sua inserÃÃo no estudo de causalidade de casos suspeitos. / Drugs are the mainly therapeutical tool to the recoverying or maintenance of the population health condiction. Among the most common problems related for it are Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) and Technical Complains (TC), being need this survey through the management, and development of activities of pharmacovigillance with the creation of helperâs and notifiers centers. Evaluate the ADR and TC sended to and analized by the pharmacovigillance center of ceara during its nine years of function toward to public health and rational use of drugs. Were collected All the ADR and TC notifications in the database of CEFACE, during the period of January 1997 to December 2005, being analized the following variables: gender and age, origin of the notification, notifier, drug involved, ADR, causality and severity classification of these ones and the kind of ADR according to Rawlins and Thompson. About the TC, the variables being: origin of notification, kind of TC, notifier, and drug or medical material involved. Also A research was made to identify in literature the possibility of pharmaceutical excipients being risks factors to cause ADR, using as initial data the 11 drugs most sold in the brazilian market in the period of November/02 to November/03 and their respective compositions. Lately was made the retrieve of cases with the involvement of these excipients in studies of suspects clinical cases. In the analized period, January 1997 to December 2005, the CEFACE registered 1.293 notifications. Of these ones, 1.172 (90,6%) ADR cases and 121 (9,4%) TC. There was a significant reduction of the number of notification during the years. Most of the ADR were registered in females (62,7%) and age of 21-30 anos (17,7%). Active search was the greatest notification method (59,3%). 85,6% (ADR) came from in hospitals with a percentual of publics in 81,6%. The therapeutical group with greatest involvement most was antibiotics for systemic use (40,0%). %). The skin system (48,5%) to be detached inside of the reported ADR. For causality, the higher number of ADR were classified as probably (44,1%) and for severity the highest percentual were considered as moderate (52,2%). Most were ADR A type. The severe and fatal ADR also occurred. The TC came from in hospitals (n=120), with emphasis to changing of color (47,1%) and lack of effectiveness (22,3%). In the literature were identified 10 risk pharmaceutical excipients, being 03 responsible for ADR collected in CEFACE database. The study of ADR and TC, as well as the establishment of their conditioners factors by a pharmacovigillance center, has large importance in public health and rational use of drugs context. Both the professional notifier and the population must be encouraged to notify all the suspects of ADR and TC to the responsable groups to be taken administrative measures among them: a) retrieve of inapropriated products from market; b) change in the labels and c) restriction in the use by population. The research in scientific literature shows in a clear way that, the involvment of excipients is a risk factor to ADR occurrence, enabling your insertion in the causality study of suspects cases.

As fissuras labiopalatinas são as malformações mais comuns que atingem a face. Estudos epidemiológicos são importantes para o delineamento das ocorrências e alocação de recursos para tratamento. Objetivos: Determinar a prevalência das fissuras labiopalatinas no município de Bauru por sua notificação na Declaração de Nascido Vivo (DNV) e no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC) e verificar a concordância de diagnóstico comparando com registros do Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo (HRAC/USP). Metodologia: Estudo observacional retrospectivo por avaliação de todas as DNV e identificação dos indivíduos com fissuras labiopalatinas nascidos e domiciliados em Bauru entre 01/01/2000 e 31/12/2010, comparados aos dados cadastrais do HRAC/USP. A prevalência foi calculada pela divisão do número de crianças com fissuras labiopalatinas pelo total de nascidos vivos registrados no período. A notificação dos diferentes tipos de fissuras foi comparada pelo teste qui-quadrado. Resultados: No período de estudo foram avaliadas 50898 DNV, entre as quais havia 232 notificações de anomalias congênitas (1:219 nascidos vivos), sendo 25 de fissuras labiopalatinas (1:2036 nascidos vivos). No mesmo período foram registrados no HRAC/USP 77 casos, revelando uma prevalência de 1:661 nascidos vivos, representando 67,5% de subnotificação das fissuras. A fissura palatina foi a mais prevalente (34,9%), seguida pela fissura labiopalatina (31,7%) e pela fissura labial (30,2%), afetando predominantemente o gênero masculino (58,5%). A notificação da fissura palatina isolada (16,12%) foi menor comparada às fissuras labial (43,75%) e labiopalatina (54,54%). Conclusão: O estudo revelou predominância de fissura palatina, com expressiva subnotificação das fissuras no sistema público de saúde, de forma mais acentuada para as fissuras palatinas comparadas às fissuras labial e labiopalatina. Esforços devem ser realizados para tornar confiáveis e fidedignos os dados do sistema público de saúde que usa como fonte de dados as DNV e o SINASC. / Cleft lip and palate are the most common congenital defects involving the face. Epidemiological studies are important for the delineation of cases and allocation of resources for treatment. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cleft lip and palate in Bauru by notification in the Declaration of Live Birth (DNV) and Live Birth Information System (SINASC) as compared to records of the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP). Methodology: Retrospective observational study by evaluation of all DNV and identification of individuals with cleft lip and palate born and living in Bauru between 01/01/2000 and 31/12/2010, compared to the registries of HRAC/USP. The prevalence was calculated by dividing the number of children with cleft lip and palate by the total number of live births recorded during the study period. Notification of different types of clefts was compared by the chi-square test. Results: During the study period 50,898 DNV were analyzed, among which there were 232 notifications of congenital anomalies (1:219 livebirths), being 25 of cleft lip and palate (1:2,036 livebirths). In the same period, the HRAC/USP registered 77 cases, revealing a prevalence of 1:661 livebirths, representing 67.5% of subnotification of clefts. Cleft palate was the most prevalent (34.9%), followed by cleft lip and palate (31.7%) and cleft lip (30.2%), predominantly affecting the male gender (58.5%). The notification of cleft palate (16.12%) was smaller compared to cleft lip (43.75%) and cleft lip and palate (54.54%). Conclusion: The study revealed predominance of cleft palate, with significant subnotification of clefts in the public health system, especially for cleft palate as compared to cleft lip and cleft lip and palate. Efforts should be made to achieve trustable and reliable data from the public health system that uses the DNV and the SINASC as data source.

This thesis presents the design and implementation of an accounting and status notification system for the LPRng print spooler. A solution using SNMP to query for needed accounting and status data is presented, a design built upon this, and an implementation produced. As the system derives from the requirements specification, it will make no attempt to solve all printer accounting problems or to offer compatibility with all printers, database management systems or print spoolers. However, several solutions for printer accounting are discussed and the best solution derived from the requirements specification will be chosen.

Rising infection rates in healthcare is a global issue that causes complications for the patient, extended hospital stay, financial difficulties, and even death. One of the crucial factors that reduce those infections is better hand hygiene. Due to the lack of automated systems that can help monitoring hand hygiene compliance and reporting on collected data, some hospitals use direct observations, surveys, dispensers usage measurements and other such methods to monitor the compliance of care providers. This thesis proposes an alternative system that takes advantage of emerging off-the-shelf infrastructures in hospitals, and in particular of Real-Time Location Systems (RTLS) and intelligent hand sanitizer dispensers. Our RTLS-based system improves upon the current methods by enabling interactions with care providers through notifications when they do not execute expected hand hygiene actions during care processes, even for fine-grained location situations and by introducing the concept of intelligent dispensers. RHMNS (RTLS-based Hand Hygiene Monitoring and Notification System) has two approaches (time-based and activation-based) that are sharing the same structure but they are different in their way of deciding on taken or missed hand hygiene opportunities. RHMNS also provides informative reports about hand hygiene compliance and trends.

This thesis explores the combined subjects of keep alive forwarding, denial of service attacks and decentralized congestion control. In a society where the technical requirements on vehicles constantly escalate; inter-vehicle communication has risen as a potential springboard for new technologies. The ETSI ITS-G5 standard is a vehicular ad-hoc network standard that offers manufacturers the possibility to include a feature called keep alive forwarding. This feature lets the nodes forward messages on a pre-defined time interval even if the original broadcaster is no longer present. As this feature might provide exploits for potential people with malicious intent it has been evaluated how resilient the standard might be in such a situation. Also included in this thesis is the decentralized congestion control, a feature required by the standard. To evaluate these features a series of simulations has been performed where vehicles in a highway scenario have been exposed to a denial of service attack where the attacker uses the keep-alive forwarding as an exploit. The findings are that decentralized congestion control does mitigate some of the direct consequences of such an attack. Although it does not eliminate these entirely and new problems are introduced. Finally, alternative methods to perform keep alive forwarding are suggested to enhance this feature.

The purpose of this study was to understand why so few notifications of concern regarding children are made from sports clubs to social services, the organisation charged with managing such concerns. To be able to understand this phenomenon organisational factors and sport coaches knowledge of warning signs of child maltreatment was studied. There was also an interest to study this further regarding the facts that the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Children, UNCRC, will be incorporated in the Swedish law January 2020. To answer these questions a qualitative method was used where six sport coaches, independent from each other, were interviewed using semi structured questions. The coaches represent different sports of which three are team sports, two are individual and one is both. The interviews were conducted in personal and were recorded. The analysing method used on the empirical data was coding and thematisation. The empirical data was analysed using relevant theoretical perspectives, namely ethics and organisational theory and an overview of relevant information on the subject. The results of this study showed that as well as there is a gap within the sport clubs regarding information, there is also a gap of information from the bigger organizations to the smaller local clubs. The findings also point towards the struggle coaches have when it comes to the ethical dilemmas that they encounter. How they choose to try and solve situations are directly related to the lack of knowledge - what happens in the process after one makes a referral of concern regarding a child and the fear of making the child's situation worse. One of the conclusions of this study is that if the coaches were given the right information and knowledge enabling them to have a good foundation to stand on, it is likely that more coaches would feel more confident regarding these dilemmas. This would help them know what to do if they notice that a child may be maltreated or abused. Each sports club also needs an existing updated child protection policy outlining how a coach should react when faced with concerns about welfare and protection. The thesis concludes by discussing whether sports clubs should have a duty to report child welfare concerns in the same way, for example, as teachers do.

Congestion is a major problem in most metropolitan areas and given the increasingrate of urbanization it is likely to be an even more serious problem in the rapidlyexpanding mega cities. One possible method to combat congestion is to provide in-telligent traffic management systems that can in a timely manner inform drivers aboutcurrent or predicted traffic congestions that are relevant to them on their journeys. Thedetection of traffic congestion and the determination of whom to send in advance no-tifications about the detected congestions is the objective of the present research. Byadopting a grid based discretization of space, the proposed system extracts and main-tains traffic flow statistics and mobility statistics from the grid based recent trajectoriesof moving objects, and captures periodical spatio-temporal changes in the traffic flowsand movements by managing statistics for relevant temporal domain projections, i.e.,hour-of-day and day-of-week. Then, the proposed system identifies a directional con-gestion as a cell and its immediate neighbor, where the speed and flow of the objectsthat have moved from the neighbor to the cell significantly deviates from the histori-cal speed and flow statistics. Subsequently, based on one of two notification criteria,namely, Mobility Statistic Criterion (MSC) and Linear Movement Criterion (LMC),the system decides which objects are likely to be affected by the identified conges-tions and sends out notifications to the corresponding objects such that the numberof false negative (missed) and false positive (unnecessary) notifications is minimized.The thesis discusses the design and DBMS-based implementation of the proposedsystem. Empirical evaluations on realistically simulated trajectory data assess the ac-curacy of the methods and test the scalability of the system for varying input sizes andparameter settings. The accuracy assessment results show that the MSC based systemachieves an optimal performance with a true positive notification rate of 0.67 and afalse positive notification rate of 0.05 when min prob equals to 0.35, which is superiorto the performance of the LMC based system. The execution time of- and the spaceused by the system scales linearly with the input size (number of concurrently movingvehicles) and the methods mutually dependent parameters (grid resolution r and RTlength l) that jointly define a spatio-temporal resolution. Within the area of a large  city (40km by 40km), assuming a 60km/h average vehicle speed, the system, runningon a commodity personal computer, can manage the described congestion detectionand three-minute-ahead notification tasks within real-time requirements for 2000 and20000 concurrently moving vehicles for spatio-temporal resolutions (r=100m, l=19)and (r=2km, l=3), respectively.