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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Genetic variants in AKR1B10 associate with human eating behavior

Rohde, Kerstin, Federbusch, Martin, Horstmann, Annette, Keller, Maria, Villringer, Arno, Stumvoll, Michael, Tönjes, Anke, Kovacs, Peter, Böttcher, Yvonne 25 March 2015 (has links) (PDF)
Background: The human Aldoketoreductase 1B10 gene (AKR1B10) encodes one of the enzymes belonging to the family of aldoketoreductases and may be involved in detoxification of nutrients during digestion. Further, AKR1B10 mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) expression was diminished in brain regions potentially involved in the regulation of eating behavior in rats which are more sensitive to cocaine and alcohol. We hypothesized that the human AKR1B10 gene may also play a role in the regulation of human eating behavior.
22

Intuitive Eating in Adolescents: Testing a Psychosocial Model

Dockendorff, Sally A. 08 1900 (has links)
Intuitive eating is defined as an adaptive eating process that involves focusing on internal hunger and satiety to guide eating behavior, using those physiological cues rather than emotions to determine when to eat, and choosing what to eat based upon preference and not external rules and expectations. The purpose of this study was to examine intuitive eating within the context of contemporary sociocultural models of eating in 701 early adolescent boys and 769 early adolescent girls. Support was found for the model and suggested that pressures to lose weight or gain muscle, restrictive messages about food from caregivers, and internalization of the thin ideal were related to the early adolescents’ intuitive eating behaviors, suggesting that many of the sociocultural variables that have been found to impact disordered eating are salient for understanding healthy eating behaviors. However, the relations among many of the variables, as well as the model’s ability to explain intuitive eating overall, were stronger in girls than in boys. These findings can be used to help parents and schools begin to teach early adolescents about intuitive eating and how they can resist external pressures that may negatively influence their eating behaviors.
23

Troubles du comportement alimentaire restrictif du nourrisson : entre emprise et excitation parents-nourrisson / Infant’s disorders of restrictive eating behavior : between influence and excitation parents-infant

Cascales, Thomas 25 October 2013 (has links)
Cette recherche vise à mieux connaitre les facteurs psychologiques d’installation des troubles du comportement alimentaire restrictif précoce. Après une présentation des différents enjeux psychologiques compris dans la relation parents/nourrisson, l’étude approfondie des interactions parents/nourrisson au moment de l’alimentation et une revue de la question dans la littérature internationale, trois facteurs d’installation des troubles du comportement alimentaire précoce peuvent être dégagés. Le premier est représenté par le partage d’expériences affectives compris dans la dynamique interactive parents/nourrisson. Le second est représenté par la co-excitation parents/nourrisson comprise dans la mutualisation des investissements libidinaux. Le troisième est représenté par la co-emprise parent/nourrisson comprise dans la mutualisation des investissements libidinaux. L’hypothèse de cette recherche est que le trouble du comportement alimentaire précoce dépend du niveau de co-excitation et de co-emprise parents/nourrisson associé à la mutualisation des investissements libidinaux parents/nourrisson. Du point de vue méthodologique, cette recherche s’appuie sur six études de cas présentées selon les paradigmes de la psychanalyse et de l’observation du nourrisson à partir de la classification de l’école de Washington. / This research aims at better knowing the psychological factors of settlement of the disorders of early restrictive eating behavior. After a presentation of the various psychological stakes included in the parents/infant relationship, the thorough study of the parents/infant interactions during feeding time and a review of this issue in the international literature, three factors of settlement of the disorders of early eating behavior can be released. The first is represented by the sharing of emotional experiments included in the parents/infant interactive dynamics. The second is represented by the parents/infant co-excitation included in the pooling of the libidinous investments. The third is represented by the parents/infant co-influence included in this pooling of the libidinous investments. The assumption of this research is that the disorder of early eating behavior depends on the level of parents/infant co-excitation and co-influence together with the pooling of the libidinous investments parents/infant. From the methodological point of view, this research is based on six case studies presented according to the paradigms of the psychoanalysis and of the observation of the infant as based on the school of Washington’s classification.
24

Influência de variantes no gene do receptor secretagogo do hormônio do crescimento (GHSR) na obesidade e no risco de compulsão alimentar e síndrome metabólica em crianças e adolescentes obesos / Influence of growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) gene variants in obesity and risk of binge eating and metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents

Arthur, Thaís 14 December 2012 (has links)
A prevalência da obesidade vem aumentando em todas as idades e na população infantil é considerada um problema de saúde pública. Os fatores relacionados à patogênese da obesidade não estão completamente elucidados, envolvendo questões comportamentais, biológicas, hormonais, culturais e genéticas. O comportamento alimentar é regulado pelo eixo hormonal entero neuroendócrino o qual modula o apetite, os processos fisiológicos, metabólicos e psicológicos. A grelina teria um papel importante neste processo de modulação alimentar, pois está envolvida na regulação central da ingestão alimentar e do balanço energético, estimulando o apetite, a lipogênese e reduzindo a taxa metabólica. Estudos demonstram que na obesidade as concentrações plasmáticas de grelina são significantemente menores e estão negativamente relacionadas ao índice de massa corporal, à porcentagem de gordura corporal, à insulina e à leptina; ainda, a grelina também está implicada na regulação do tecido adiposo, protegendo o estoque de gordura em depósitos sensíveis à sua ação para posterior utilização, sendo um hormônio com múltiplas funções no mecanismo de homeostase do estado de adiposidade e no desenvolvimento da síndrome metabólica. A ação da grelina esta ligada ao eixo grelina/ receptor secretagogo do hormônio do crescimento (GHSR) em humanos. O gene GHSR localiza-se no cromossomo 3q 26.31, lócus que foi associado a múltiplos fenótipos relacionados à obesidade e à síndrome metabólica. Deste modo, o presente estudo avaliou se variantes do GHSR poderiam estar associados com o quadro de obesidade e se influenciariam a síndrome metabólica e a compulsão alimentar em crianças e adolescentes obesos. Observamos que a adiposidade influencia o aparecimento da resistência à insulina, as complicações metabólicas e a prevalência de síndrome metabólica, no entanto, nenhuma das variantes analisadas no gene do GHSR esteve associada à obesidade infantil. Notamos que a presença do alelo C (homozigose para o alelo ancestral e heterozigose) da variante rs495225 (171 C/T) resultou em maior ingestão de carboidrato e uma tendência a maior ingestão de calorias nas crianças e adolescentes obesos, também associou-se com maior escore para compulsão alimentar periódica nas meninas obesas. Nesta variante, observamos que a presença do alelo T (homozigose para o alelo polimórfico) resultou em maior resistência à ação da insulina nas crianças e adolescentes obesos. Avaliando a variante rs572169 (477 G/A), observamos que a presença do alelo G (homozigose para o alelo ancestral) levou a uma maior ingestão calórica e a maiores valores de colesterol total e LDLc nas crianças e adolescentes obesos. Desta forma, a presença de alterações polimórficas no gene do GHSR frequentes na nossa população pode influenciar o comportamento alimentar e as co-morbidades associadas à obesidade infantil e levar a um maior risco de doenças metabólicas e cardiovasculares. / Obesity´s prevalence, which is increasing in all ages, is considered, in children, a public health problem. The factors related to the pathogenesis of obesity are not fully elucidated, and are involving behavioral, biological, hormonal, genetic and cultural factors. The eating behavior is regulated by the hormonal entero neuroendocrine axis which modulates appetite, physiological, metabolic and psychological processes. Ghrelin would have an important role in the modulation of the process of eating. Ghrelin is involved in the central regulation of food intake and energy balance by stimulating appetite, reducing lipogenesis and metabolic rate. Studies show that, in obese the plasma concentrations of ghrelin are significantly smaller and is negatively correlated with body mass index, percent body fat, insulin and leptin levels; yet, this ghrelin is also implicated in the regulation of adipose tissue, protecting the stock of fat deposits sensitive to its action for later use, being an hormone with multiple functions in the homeostasis mechanism of the state of adiposity and development of metabolic syndrome. The action of ghrelin is linked to ghrelin axis/ growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), in humans. The GHSR gene is located on chromosome 3q 26.31, which locus was associated with multiple phenotypes related to obesity and metabolic syndrome. Thus, the present study evaluated whether the GHSR variants could be associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome and binge eating in obese children and adolescents. We found that adiposity influences the onset of insulin resistance, metabolic complications and prevalence of metabolic syndrome, however none of the variants analyzed in the GHSR gene was associated with childhood obesity. We note that the presence of the C allele (homozygous and heterozygous ancestral allele) variant rs495225 (171 C/T) resulted in higher carbohydrate intake and a trend toward greater calorie intake in obese children and adolescents, it was also associated with higher scores for periodic binge eating in obese girls. We observed that the presence of the T allele (homozygous for the polymorphic allele) has resulted in increased resistance to insulin action in obese children and adolescents. Assessing the variant rs 572169(477 G/A), we observed that the presence of the G allele (homozygous for the ancestral allele) led to greater caloric intake and higher values of total cholesterol and LDL-c in obese children and adolescents. Thus, the presence of polymorphic alterations in the gene GHSR is frequent in our population and may influence eating behavior and the co-morbidities associated with obesity and lead to an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
25

The Three Factor Eating Questionnaire - R21 (TFEQ-R21): tradução, aplicabilidade, comparação e um questionário semiquantitativo de freqüência de consumo alimentar e a parâmetros antropométricos / The Three Factor Eating Questionnaire R21 (TFEQ-R21): translation, application, comparison to a semiquantitative questionnaire of food consumption frequence and anthropometric parameteres

Natacci, Lara Cristiane 07 October 2009 (has links)
Introdução: A restrição cognitiva (RC restrição intencional do consumo alimentar para regulação ponderal), a alimentação emocional (AE consumo alimentar desencadeado por sentimentos, emoções ou tensão psíquica) e o descontrole alimentar (DA perda de critério em relação à seleção, freqüência, qualidade e quantidade de alimentos consumidos) têm sido estudados como fatores determinantes do comportamento alimentar e associados ao insucesso de boa parte das tentativas de controle ou redução de peso, por métodos clínicos. O The Three Factor Eating Questionnaire versão reduzida de 21 itens (TFEQ-R21) vem sendo proposto como um meio eficaz para avaliar estes três padrões de comportamento associados ao hábito alimentar. Objetivo: Traduzir e aplicar o TFEQ-R21 em uma amostra de mulheres brasileiras e analisar a relação dos comportamentos de RC, AE e DA, entre si, e com o consumo alimentar e os parâmetros antropométricos: índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência abdominal (CA), porcentagem de gordura corpórea (%Gord). Método: Após os procedimentos de tradução e autorização do autor do TFEQ-R21 para uso no Brasil, uma amostra casual de 125 mulheres dentre 800 trabalhadoras, contratadas ou voluntárias, do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, interessadas em receber orientação nutricional, assinaram o termo de consentimento, responderam ao TFEQ-R21 e a um questionário semiquantitativo de consumo e freqüência alimentar, e foram submetidas às medidas do IMC, CA e %Gord. O Alpha de Cronbach foi calculado para avaliar a consistência interna do TFEQ-R21. Índices de correlação de Pearson e equações de retas de regressão linear simples foram calculadas entre as variáveis relacionadas, bem como modelos de regressão linear múltipla tendo IMC, CA e %Gord como desfechos e os comportamentos de RC, AE e DA como variáveis independentes. O valor de 0,05 foi usado para definir o nível de significância de todas as operações estatísticas. Resultados: O valor de Alpha de Cronbach calculado para o TFEQ-R21 traduzido foi de 0,85. Encontraram-se associações significantes (p<0,05) entre AE e DA, assim como entre AE e IMC, CA, %Gord, e consumo de carboidratos e carnes. O DA associou-se aos mesmos parâmetros, mas também ao consumo de laticínios, gorduras e doces. Conclusão: O TFEQ R21 traduzido para o idioma português mostrou-se um instrumento adequado para identificar os padrões de comportamento associados ao hábito alimentar, e sua aplicação e análise pode servir como ponto de partida para a adoção de novas estratégias de abordagem de orientação nutricional em programas voltados ao controle de peso de brasileiros. / Introduction: The cognitive dietary restriction (CR intentional restriction of food consumption for ponderal regulation), the emotional eating (EE food consumption triggered by feelings, emotions or psychic stress) and uncontrolled eating (UE loss of criterion in relation to selection, frequency, quality and quantity of foods consumed) have been studied as constraining factors of dietary behavior and associated, in most part, to failure of attempts of weight control or reduction, through clinical methods. The Three Factor Eating Questionnaire 21 item reduced version (TFEQ-R21) has been proposed as an effective mean for assessing these three behavior patterns associated to eating habits. Objective: To translate and apply the TFEQ-R21 in a sample of Brazilian women and analyze the relationship of the CR, EE and UE behaviors, with each other, and with food consumption and the anthropometric parameters: body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference (AC), percentage of body fat (% Fat). Method: After translations and authors authorization procedures for the TFEQ-R21 use in Brazil, a casual sample of 125 women among 800 employees or volunteer workers of the Hospital das Clínicas of Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, parties interested in receiving nutritional orientation, signed the informed consent for, responded the TFEQ-R21 and a semi-quantitative eating frequency and consumption questionnaire, and were submitted to measurements of BMI, AC and %Fat. Cronbach Alpha was calculated to assess the internal consistency of TFEQ-R21. Pearson correlation indexes and line equations of simple linear regression were calculated between the related variables, as well as multiple linear regression models having BMI, AC and %Fat as outcomes and the CR, EE and UE behaviors as independent variables. The value of 0.05 was used to define the level of significance of all statistical operations. Results: The Cronbach Alpha value calculated for the translated TFEQ-R21 was 0.85. Significant associations were found (p<0.05) between EE and UE, as well as EE and BMI, AC, % Fat and consumption of carbohydrates and meats. UE was associated to the same parameters, but also to the consumption of dairy products, fats and sweets. Conclusion: The TFEQ-R21 translated into Portuguese was shown to be an adequate instrument for identifying behavior patterns associated to eating habit, and its application and analysis can serve as starting point for the adoption of new nutritional orientation approach strategies in programs directed towards weight control of Brazilians.
26

Comportamento alimentar, ansiedade, depressão e imagem corporal em mulheres submetidas à cirurgia bariátrica / Eating Behavior, Anxiety, Depression and Body Image in Women Submitted to Bariatric Surgery

Mota, Diana Cândida Lacerda 13 April 2012 (has links)
Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), a obesidade tornou-se atualmente uma epidemia que se espalha em todo o mundo, sendo foco de inúmeros estudos que abordam sua prevenção e tratamento, tais como dietas, medicamentos e prática de atividade física. Em obesos mórbidos, a Cirurgia Bariátrica (CB) vem sendo considerada a terapia mais eficaz na redução do peso corporal destes indivíduos. Contudo, participantes submetidos a esse procedimento, podem apresentar complicações psicológicas e do comportamento alimentar, comprometendo o sucesso do tratamento, justificando assim a relevância da investigação destes fatores. O presente estudo avaliou o comportamento alimentar, sintomas de ansiedade e depressão e a imagem corporal em 50 mulheres obesas atendidas pelo serviço de cirurgia da obesidade do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto SP (HC/FMRP/USP). A pesquisa foi realizada em dois momentos: antes e quatro meses após o procedimento cirúrgico, sendo aplicados: Questionário Holandês do Comportamento Alimentar (QHCA), Inventários de Ansiedade (BAI) e de Depressão (BDI) de Beck e a Escala de Figuras de Silhuetas (EFS), aplicada após a cirurgia. Foi realizada a avaliação antropométrica de acordo com os parâmetros da Organização Mundial Da Saúde (1995) para obtenção do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Foi realizada estatística descritiva, teste t de Student para amostras dependentes e ANOVA de duas vias. O nível de significância fixado foi de p < 0,05. A média de IMC antes e após o procedimento cirúrgico foram de respectivamente 49,08 Kg/m2 (±6,60) e 37,08 Kg/m2 (±4,83), havendo perda significativa de peso [t(49)= 28,152,p<0,01]. Os dados do QHCA mostraram que não houve diferença nas médias de pontuação total do questionário quando comparados os períodos pré e pós-operatório [t(49)= 1,204, p=0,234], contudo foi verificada variação nas médias das pontuações das subescalas de alimentação restrita [t(49)= -5,87, p<0,01], emocional [t(49)=3,33, p<0,01] e externa [t(49)=4,02, p<0,01]. As médias de pontuação do BAI antes e após a cirurgia foram respectivamente 11,76 (±8,51) e 7,32 (±7,33) [t(49)= 3,38, p<0,01]. Já as médias de pontuação do BDI foram respectivamente 14,0 (±7,29) e 7,36 (±5,94) [t(49)= 5,47, p<0,001]. Os dados da EFS apontaram que em geral, as participantes se vêem em média com 0,33 Kg/m2 (±5,73) a mais do que seu IMC Real; mulheres com obesidade grau III apresentaram maior subestimação corporal em relação àquelas de outras categorias do estado nutricional. Além disso, 100% das participantes apresentaram insatisfação com a própria imagem corporal e gostariam de possuir um IMC de 10,30 kg/m2 (±5,66) a menos do que pensam ter. Apesar da diminuição no IMC, as participantes estavam insatisfeitas com a forma corporal e gostariam de pesar menos. Houve diminuição nos níveis dos sintomas de ansiedade e depressão após a cirurgia. Em relação ao comportamento alimentar, sugere-se que as participantes apresentaram dificuldades em relação aos conhecimentos acerca dos hábitos nutricionais adequados, contudo, houve melhora do controle alimentar relativo aos atrativos de aroma e sabor dos alimentos, bem como com a alimentação associada ao estado emocional e situações sociais após o procedimento cirúrgico. / According to World Health Organization (WHO), obesity has now become an epidemic disease that spreads worldwide becoming the focus of numerous studies addressing to its prevention and treatment, such as diet, medications and physical activity. On morbidly obese people, the Bariatric Surgery (BS) has been considered the most effective therapy in reducing their weight. However, subjects who underwent this procedure may present complicated psychological and eating behavior, jeopardizing the sucess of treatment, thus justifying the relevance of investigation. This study evaluated the eating behavior, symptoms of anxiety and depression and body image in 50 obese women selected from a waiting list on bariatric surgery performed in the service of obesity surgery of Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - SP (HC/FMRP/USP). The survey was conducted in two phases: before the surgery and four months after it, applying: The Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Figure Rating Scale (FRS) was applied after the surgery. Anthropometric was performed according to the parameters of the World Health Organization (1995) to obtain the Body Mass Index (BMI). We used descriptive statistics, test t Student for dependent samples and two way ANOVA (p <0.05). Mean BMI before and after surgery were respectively 49.08 kg/m2 (± 6.60) and 37.08 Kg/m2 (±4.83), with a significant weight loss [t(49)= 28.15, p<0,01]. Data from QHCA showed a variation in mean scores when comparing the pre and post-operative period of restricted feeding subscales [t(49)= -5.87, p<0,01], emotional [t(49)=3.33, p<0,01] and external [t(49)= 4.02, p<0,01]. The mean BAI scores before and after the surgery were respectively 11.76 (±8.51) and 7.32 (±7.33) [t(49)= 3.38, p<0,01]. The mean score of BDI before and after surgery were respectively 14.0 (±7.29) e 7.36 (±5.94) [t(49)= 5.47, p<0,001]. The data showed that EFS of the subjects showed dissatisfaction with their own image - 10.30 kg/m2 (±5.66); women with morbid obesity had higher body underestimation compared to those from other categories of nutritional status. Despite the decrease in BMI, the subjects were dissatisfied with their body shape and would like to weigh less. There was a reduction in levels of symptoms of anxiety and depression after surgery. In relation to feeding behavior, it seems to be a lack of knowledge about nutritional habits. However, there was an improvement in the control of food on the attractive aroma and flavor of food associated with emotional state and social situations after surgery.
27

Estudo das relações entre o estado nutricional, a percepção da imagem corporal e o comportamento alimentar em adultos / The study of relations between Nutritional Status, Body Image Perception, and Eating Behavior in adults.

Kakeshita, Idalina Shiraishi 16 April 2004 (has links)
Com a transição nutricional, da desnutrição para a obesidade, característica dos países em desenvolvimento, como é o caso do Brasil, o enfoque das pesquisas sobre o estado nutricional vem se voltando para a questão da obesidade. São escassos, particularmente no Brasil, estudos consistentes na área da nutrição voltados à relação do estado nutricional com o comportamento humano, especificamente no que concerne à percepção subjetiva das pessoas em relação ao seu próprio corpo. A percepção da imagem corporal tem sido sistematicamente associada a transtornos do comportamento alimentar, como a anorexia nervosa, a bulimia e a obesidade. Uma das questões seria qual a relação da percepção da imagem corporal nas atitudes e comportamentos alimentares das pessoas, na comunidade em geral, sem diagnóstico específico de transtornos alimentares. Haveria alguma relação com o estado nutricional, ou com alguma característica específica do comportamento alimentar? Este trabalho tem por objetivo responder estas questões. Para avaliação do estado nutricional foi considerada a classificação do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) proposta pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. A escala de figuras de silhuetas foi especialmente construída, assim como a escala tipo Likert. Os métodos psicométricos de aplicação foram criteriosamente selecionados, como validadas as escalas de comportamento alimentar e percepção da imagem corporal. A análise dos resultados sobre a percepção da imagem corporal demonstrou que homens tendem a subestimam seu tamanho corporal independentemente da classe de IMC a que pertençam, enquanto mulheres de IMC normal, ou portadoras de sobrepeso, tendem a superestimar seu tamanho corporal. As mulheres obesas tendem a subestimá-lo, como os homens. Os resultados obtidos sugerem relativa insatisfação tanto de homens como mulheres com o tamanho corporal. / With the nutritional transition from malnutrition to obesity, which is a feature of countries like Brazil, that are still going through a growth process, the focus of researches on the nutritional status are now turning to obesity. Studies on the nutritional area that relate the nutritional status with the human behavior are rare, especially when it comes to the subjective perception of one?s own body. The body image perception has been systematically associated with eating behavior distortions, such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and obesity. One of the questions that are raised is what would be the relation between one?s body image perception and this person?s attitudes and eating behavior, in subjects without a specific diagnosis for eating disorders. Would it be related to the nutritional status or to any specific characteristic of the nutritional behavior? The objective of this work is to answer these questions. To evaluate the nutritional status, the BMI (body mass index) was considered on the basis of the World Health Organization classification. The Contour Drawing Rating Scale and Likert-type Scale were especially made for the present study. The psychometric methods of application, the eating behavior scales and the body image perception scales have been validated. Results showed that men tend to underestimate their body size, independently from the BMI class to which they belong, while women with regular BMI or with overweight tend to overestimate their body size. Obese women tend to underestimate it, just like men. The results also suggest an apparent dissatisfaction of both men and women with their body sizes.
28

Nutrition inom den palliativa vården : upplevelser från patienter och närstående / Nutrition in palliative care : experiences from patient and relatives

Westerberg, Sandra, Oskarsson,, Cecilia January 2019 (has links)
Background: In Sweden many people are in need of palliative care in end of life. The goal with palliative care is to create conditions to improve quality of life when disease can no longer be cured. A natural step in the dying process is that the patients stop eating and this can be difficult to handle for both the patient and their close relatives. Here, the nurse becomes a key to motivate and support. Aim: The aim was to highlight the experience of nutrition in palliative care for patients and close relatives. Method: A literature-based study based on analysis of nine qualitative scientific studies. Results: Themes that emerged in the new result was A desire for extended life, A change in everyday life and Food as a consideration, and associated subthemes. Close relatives often used food as a way of showing love and nursing while patients eat to reduce the anxiety of their close relatives, they ate to please. Conclusion: Common to the result was that both patients and close relatives experienced a reduced quality of life related to nutrition and as a reminder that death was approaching. Food was seen as a central and health promoting part of everyday life and a significant part of the social community. / Patienter kan få behov av palliativ vård när de drabbats av en obotlig sjukdom. Detta påverkar både patienten och dess närstående. Denna studies syfte är att belysa patienters och närståendes upplevelser av nutrition inom palliativ vård. Resultatet i denna studie bygger på vårdvetenskapliga artiklar och visar att patienter och närstående upplever en önskan om att förlänga livet. Patienter och närstående ser mat som en symbol för deras hälsa och ett sätt att hålla kvar vid livet, de upplevde också en maktlöshet och förnekelse kring sjukdom och den oundvikliga döden. De upplever en förlorad gemenskap och en annorlunda inställning till mat vilket resulterade i en förändrad vardag. Mat beskrivs som omtanke, det framkommer att patienter inte äter för sin egen skull utan för att behaga närstående och för närstående är mat ett sätt att visa sin kärlek. Resultatet visar att det kan uppstå konflikt mellan närståendes oro och patienters självbestämmande. I sjuksköterskans roll är det viktigt att förstå och respektera deras tankar och känslor för att kunna lindra lidandet.
29

Compulsão alimentar periódica em mulheres com obesidade grave: prevalência e fatores associados / Binge eating in women with severe obesity: prevalence and associated factors

Melo , Paulla Guimarães 27 March 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2014-09-08T15:19:56Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao Paulla Guimaraes Melo.pdf: 1032944 bytes, checksum: 4b5d405ba0b08e50b263a83a7ee8a7d8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-08T15:19:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao Paulla Guimaraes Melo.pdf: 1032944 bytes, checksum: 4b5d405ba0b08e50b263a83a7ee8a7d8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27 / Introduction: The binge eating (BE) is a prevalent disorder in obese women, with a negative impact on weight loss. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of BE and assess factors associated with severe obese women. Methods: Cross-sectional study with adult women (20-59 years), body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2, who sought treatment for weight loss in Outpatient Nutrition Obesity Grave (ANOG/ HC/ UFG) from February 2008 to June 2012. The variables studied were: sociodemographic (age, marital status, years of education and family income), health conditions (co-morbidities and current medications for weight loss); history of obesity (onset of obesity, obesity in the family and previous treatment for weight loss), lifestyle (physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption), feeding behavior (number of meals per day habit of pinching, CAP) and anthropometric data (weight, height and BMI). The outcome variable was the presence of BE, determined by applying the Binge Eating Scale. Described themselves frequencies, prevalences and prevalence ratios, considering confidence intervals of 95%. To analyze the association was used Chi-square or Fisher. For values of p <0.20 in the bivariate analysis performed multivariate analysis using Poisson Regression. Considered a significance level of 5%. Results: We analyzed 94 women with a mean age of 37.7 years and mean BMI of 47.4 kg/m². A prevalence of 53.2% in BE, with 28.7% classified as moderate BE and 24.5% as severe BE. Statistically significant associations were observed for age 40-49 years, who presented a 2 times more (p = 0.011) prevalence of BE in relation to the age group of 30 to 39 years and have a habit of snacking which showed 1.9 times higher (p = 0.003) prevalence of BE. Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of BE observed and associated factors, we emphasize the importance of diagnosis and monitoring of BE in severe obese by the multidisciplinary team in order to assist in the effectiveness of dietary treatment. / Introdução: A compulsão alimentar periódica (CAP) é um transtorno prevalente em mulheres obesas, com impacto negativo na perda de peso.Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência de CAP e avaliar fatores associados em mulheres obesas graves. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com mulheres adultas (20-59 anos), Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) ≥ 35 kg/m2, que buscaram tratamento para perda de peso no Ambulatório de Nutrição em Obesidade Grave (ANOG/HC/UFG), no período de fevereiro de 2008 a junho de 2012. As variáveis estudadas foram: sociodemográficas (idade, estado civil, anos de estudo e renda familiar); condições de saúde (comorbidades atuais e medicamentos para perda de peso); história clínica da obesidade (início da obesidade, obesidade na família e tratamento anterior para perda de peso); estilo de vida (prática de atividade física, tabagismo, ingestão de bebida alcoólica); comportamento alimentar (número de refeições por dia, hábito de beliscar, CAP) e dados antropométricos (peso, estatura e IMC). A variável desfecho foi a presença de CAP, determinada por meio da aplicação da Escala de Compulsão Alimentar Periódica. Descreveram-se frequências, prevalências e razões de prevalências, considerando intervalos de confiança de 95%. Para analisar associação foi utilizado o teste Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher. Para valores de p < 0,20 na análise bivariada realizou análise multivariada pela Regressão de Poisson. Considerado nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Foram analisadas 94 mulheres, com idade média de 37,7 anos e IMC médio de 47,4 kg/m². Encontrada prevalência de CAP em 53,2%, sendo 28,7% classificadas como CAP moderada e 24,5% como CAP grave. Foram observadas associações estatisticamente significativas para idade de 40 a 49 anos, que apresentou 2 vezes mais (p=0,011) prevalência de CAP em relação à faixa etária de 30 a 39 anos e possuir o hábito de beliscar que apresentou 1,9 vezes maior (p=0,003) prevalência de CAP. Conclusão: Diante da alta prevalência de CAP observada e dos fatores associados, ressaltamos a importância do diagnóstico e monitoramento de CAP em obesas graves por equipe multiprofissional, a fim de auxiliar na efetividade do tratamento dietoterápico.
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Assessing the Relationship Between Problem Eating Behavior and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation in a College Sample

Williams, Brittany V. 01 December 2014 (has links)
This study further defines the relationship between difficulties in emotion regulation and problem eating behavior. A total of 403 psychology undergraduate students completed measures of emotion regulation, disordered eating patterns, depression, and anxiety. Results from correlational and regression analyses suggest that difficulties in emotion regulation are related to problem eating behavior (r = .360, p< .001) and that overt problem eating behaviors and attitudes may be impacted more directly by symptoms of mood disorders rather than difficulties in emotion regulation (R2 = .190, F(4, 368) = 18.647, p< .001). Nonacceptance of emotional experience showed a significant impact on problem eating behavior above and beyond mood (R2 = .193, F(2, 370) = 44.162, p< .001; MOOD, β = .339, p< .001; nonaccept, β = .143, p = .014). The results of this study may have implications for prevention and treatment of problem eating behavior.

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