Current approaches to teaching creative writers the ways to success in creative writing courses consist largely of workshop style classes. While workshops often vary from class to class in style, generally a workshop will consist of a group of writers, led by a mentor/instructor, who exchange drafts and provide reader and writer focused feedback to the author. Yet because the workshop approach has not been the subject of close empirical study, it is unclear whether it is an effective pedagogy. This thesis serves two purposes. First, it presents an argument for new research into creative writing pedagogy and creative writers' processes and suggests that any future research should take an empirical turn. However, because creative writing has developed few theories or methods useful for the empirical study of creative writing, I suggest adopting theories and methods from the field of rhetoric and composition. The second part of this thesis is an empirical study of three creative writing undergraduate students in an introductory creative writing course over one semester. This study uses qualitative methods: semi-structured retrospective interviews, close textual analysis, and in-class observations to understand how creative writers are enculturated into the creative writing community using Christine Tardy's theories of acquiring genre expertise as a framework for analysis. Based on this research this study concludes that while creative writers enculturate in different ways, based on several factors, all creative writers develop greater awareness of genre complexity, authorial identity, and intermodal influences on their writing. Furthermore, this study recommends further case studies into creative writers writing processes and the effectiveness of various workshop models on student enculturation. ?

[pt] A logística humanitária visa salvar vidas e aliviar o sofrimento em desastres. Além disso, suprimentos humanitários são itens essenciais para a sobrevivência humana (como exemplo, água e alimentos) e sua falta pode causar grande impacto. No entanto, os recursos disponíveis podem não ser suficientes para atender a demanda dos beneficiários. O custo de privação quantifica o sofrimento causado as vítimas de desastres pela falta desses itens. Assim, este trabalho objetiva analisar o efeito da inclusão dele na gestão de estoque de suprimentos de alívio a desastres. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, a pesquisa analisa o estado da arte da modelagem deste custo por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura acadêmica. Um modelo de gestão de estoque considerando custos de privação é então formulado como um modelo estocástico de dois estágios. Ademais, as diversas funções de custo de privação encontradas na literatura são analisadas. Finalmente, o modelo é validado empiricamente através de dois estudos de caso. Os resultados sugerem que a escolha da função de privação pode impactar em até 99,9 por cento de diferença nos custos totais da gestão de estoques. O nível de atendimento gerado também possui uma alta amplitude quando as diferentes funções de privação encontradas na literatura são comparadas. Conclui-se que as funções geram níveis de atendimentos distintos, cabendo aos tomadores de decisão escolher qual se adequa melhor ao problema estudado. Como contribuição prática, destaca-se que o modelo de gestão de estoque considerando o custo de privação proposto pode auxiliar os tomadores de decisão e reduzir o sofrimento das pessoas atingidas por desastres. Como contribuição acadêmica, o estudo analisa e compara as principais funções de privação propostas na literatura, o que pode auxiliar a proposição de novas modelagens. / [en] Humanitarian logistics aims to save lives and alleviate human suffering in disasters. Furthermore, humanitarian supplies are essential items for humanity (such as water and food), and their lack can have a great impact. However, the available resources may not be enough to meet the beneficiaries needs. The deprivation cost quantifies the suffering caused to disaster victims by the lack of these items. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the effect of including deprivation costs in disaster relief supplies inventory management. To reach the proposed goal, the research analyzes the state of the art of its modeling through a systematic review of the academic literature. An inventory management model considering deprivation costs is then formulated as a two-stage stochastic model. Furthermore, the various deprivation cost functions found in the literature are analyzed. Finally, the model is empirically validated through a two case studies. The results suggest that the choice of the deprivation function can impact up to a 99.9 per cent difference in the total costs of inventory management. The service level generated also has a high amplitude when the different functions are compared. It is concluded that the functions generate different service levels, and it is up to the decision-makers to choose which one best suits the studied problem. As a practical contribution, we highlight that the proposed inventory management model considering the cost of deprivation may help decision-makers and reduce the suffering of people affected by disasters. As an academic contribution, the study analyzes and compares the main deprivation functions proposed in the literature, which can help to propose new models.

[pt] Este trabalho representa uma singela contribuição para um melhor entendimento sobre a assessoria judicial, com enfoque especial no Tribunal de Justiça do Rio de Janeiro (TJ-RJ). O assessor judicial está atrelado, com o perdão do óbvio, ao chamado Poder Judiciário. O Judiciário exerce, principalmente, a função jurisdicional. Há diversos motivos para se estudar a assessoria, que parece sofrer com a existência de um senso comum teórico sobre seu papel. Conhecer melhor esta figura, tratada como um tabu escondido da legislação e ignorado pela doutrina desmitificando um suposto ideal de Indelegabilidade da decisão é o norte central deste trabalho. Analisa-se criticamente afirmações que defendem ser o processo decisório governado por estagiários e truísmos segundo os quais assessores são escolhidos sem critério conforme amizade e relações políticas. Discute-se a hipótese do assessor como um auxiliar no processo decisório por meio de análises dos enunciados normativos federais, estaduais, resolutivos e regimentais sobre a assessoria e realizaram-se várias pesquisas de acesso à informação perante 25 tribunais brasileiros e uma pesquisa de campo entrevistando-se 74 assessores do TJ-RJ. Com isso formou-se um panorama geral da assessoria com o intuito de criar um cauteloso início para uma teoria partilhada da decisão jurídica apta a levar a sério o efetivo papel dos assessores judiciais. / [en] This essay is but a simple contribution on the way to a better understanding regarding judicial Law Clerk with a special focus on the Rio de Janeiro s Court of Justice (TJ-RJ). Law Clerks are linked to the so-called Judicial Branch. The Judicial Branch exerts the Judicial Function. There are many reasons to study Law Clerks which appear to suffer from some short of common sense theory regarding its legal role. Knowing those who are treated as a legal taboo hidden from the general rule of the Law and ignored by the Legal Scholarships and demystifying the so called ideal of the non delegability of judicial decision making is the focus of this dissertation. Assertions defending judicial decision making as a procedure governed by trainees and truisms whereby clerks are chosen with no basis or mainly by political affinity are scrutinized. We analyze Law Clerks as instrumental agents to the judicial decision making through the content of Federal and State based legal text as well as resolutions and regiments from the Courts of Justice. We perform empirical research within 25 Courts of Justice as well as 72 Law Clerks from the Rio de Janeiro s Court of Justice. With this, a general Viewpoint of Law Clerks regulations was made possible. The intent was to create a cautious beginning for an effective shared theory of judicial decision making capable of taking Law Clerk s role seriously.

В первой главе изложены теоретические основы изучения организационной культуры учреждений социального обслуживания населения. Раскрыто понятие организационной культуры как фактора нематериальной мотивации, приведены особенности ее формирования. Во второй главе проанализирована организационная культура Государственного автономного учреждения «Комплексный центр социального обслуживания населения Шалинского района», изучены факторы организационной культуры, влияющие на нематериальную мотивацию сотрудников. Предложены практические рекомендации по совершенствованию организационной культуры. / The first chapter outlines the theoretical foundations for studying the organizational culture of social service institutions. The concept of organizational culture as a factor of non-material motivation is revealed, the features of its formation are given. In the second chapter, the organizational culture of the State Autonomous Institution "Complex Center for Social Services of the population of the Shalinsky district" is analyzed, the factors of organizational culture affecting the non-material motivation of employees are studied. Practical recommendations for improving organizational culture are offered.

The intention of the empirical missiology is to systematically examine the reality of mission practice with the aid of empirical methods. To reach this aim the dissertation will attempt to combine empirical social science with missiology in a way that they positively complement one another throughout the whole process of research. This intradisciplinary procedure is new to missiology and therefore an important contribution to research. To form a basis, social as well as missiological research will be dealt with and von der Vens empirical theology examined. For the hermeneutic methodological realization of the empirical missiology an empirical-theological praxis cycle will be developed consisting of seven individual stages of research. The missiological reflection of each stage is the minor cycle. This procedure guarantees firstly a strictly methodical way of working and secondly missiological relevance that takes the context of praxis seriously and serves the mission. / Missiology / M. Th.

Text in Afrikaans / Vrouemisdaad is 'n komplekse sosiale verskynsel. 'n Aspek van vrouemisdaad wat in die onderhawige proef skrif ondersoek word, is om aan die hand van bestaande teoriee te probeer verklaar waarom vroue soveel minder misdaad as mans pleeg. Ten einde antwoorde op die vraag te vind, is 'n kwantitatiewe ondersoek na die gemeenskap se houding rakende die vrouemisdadiger en 'n kwalitatiewe ontleding van die beskikbare literatuur gedoen. 'n Intensiewe verkennende studie van die beskikbare literatuur het getoon dat die gemeenskap, navorsers en akademici bepaalde persepsies huldig oor die vrouemisdadiger wat nie altyd met die werklike beeld strook nie. Alhoewel die getalle van vrouemisdadigers deur die jare toegeneem het, het die tipe misdade wat vroue pleeg weinig verander en die omvang van vrouemisdaad proporsioneel tot die bevolking dieselfde gebly. Geen enkele teorie of benadering op sigself bied 'n algemene verklaring vir die verskynsel van vrouemisdaad nie; dit kan hoogstens as gedeeltelike verklaring dien. 'n Algemene verklaringsmodel vir vrouemisdaad is egter opgestel wat terselfdertyd as samevatting van die geselekteerde teoriee dien. Met behulp van die argivale metode is 'n profiel van die gekommitteerde vrouemisdadiger saamgestel om 'n basiese kennissisteem van die vrouemisdadiger daar te stel. Statisties beduidende verbande is gevind tussen die karakteristieke van die blanke gekommitteerde vrouemisdadiger se huwelikstaat, aantal kinders en bedrog. Die kwantitatiewe ondersoek bestaan uit die ontleding van 516 respondente se persepsies oor die vrouemisdadiger. Uit die resultate van verskeie statistiese tegnieke blyk dit dat die ondersoekgroep, wat blanke respondente van vier voorstede uit struktuurstreekplansel 22 van Pretoria verteenwoordig, bepaalde persepsies en opvattings aangaande die vrouemisdadiger het. Die persepsiemeting het aan die lig gebring dat daar verskille in persepsies bestaan oor die vrouemisdadiger en vrouemisdaad in die blanke gemeenskap bestaan. Hierdie persepsies stem nie ooreen met die beeld wat blyk uit die onderhawige navorsing nie. Statisties beduidende verskille in persepsies tussen manlike en vroulike respondente van die ondersoekgroep is ook gevind. Daar bestaan verder statisties beduidende verskille tussen respondente van verskillende voorstede, onderwyspeile, taalgroepe, en ouderdomsgroepe. / It can be said that female crime is a complex phenomenon. An aspect of female crime that is investigated in this thesis is to explain, with reference to existing theories, why women commit fewer crimes than men. In an attempt to answer this question, a quantitative investigation regarding the attitude of society towards the female criminal as well as a qualitative study of the available literature, was conducted. An intensive exploratory study on female crime indicated that and academics have a certain of the available the community, perception of literature researchers the female criminal which does not always correspond with the facts. Although the number of female criminals has increased through the years the extent of female crime, proportionally to the population size, has remained constant, and the type of crime committed by women has remained relatively unchanged. It seems clear that no single theory or approach can explain female crime, it can at best give a partial explanation. An integrated explanation model for female crime has been compiled which simultaneously serves as a summary of selected theories. By means of the archival research method a profile of the female prisoner was compiled, to be used as a basis for the researcher's scientific knowledge of this phenomenon. Statistically significant relations were found to exist between the characteristics of the white female prisoner's marital status, number of children and fraud. The quantitative investigation consisted of an analysis of the responses of 516 respondents on an attitude scale. The results of various statistical techniques show that the research group, which represents respondents fr6m four suburbs from structure plan cell 22 of Pretoria, reveals certain attitudes and beliefs about the female criminal. This attitude measurement indicated that differences in perceptions regarding the female in the white community do criminal and female exist. Furthermore crime these perceptions do not correlate on the female criminal in with the information gathered this research. Statistically significant differences in attitude were found between male and female respondents, respondents from the different suburbs, with different qualifications, of different language groups, and of different age groups. / Sociology / D. Lit. et Phil. (Kriminologie)

Cette recherche explore un sujet encore très peu étudié empiriquement: où en sont “l’éthique professionnelle” et la “déontologie” chez les journalistes en France? Qu’ont-ils à dire? À quelles embûches sont-ils confrontés ? Quel est le rôle des rédacteurs en chef ? En raison de la concurrence accrue, de la concentration de la propriété des médias, des changements technologiques et de plusieurs autres facteurs, « l’éthique » se situe à l’épicentre du journalisme contemporain. La thèse repose d’abord sur une analyse de contenu des points de vue d’une centaine de journalistes professionnels qui furent interviewés en face à face, dans la presse nationale, écrite et audiovisuelle, privée et publique. Elle repose également sur une observation participante : une dizaine de stages dans divers média. Elle analyse de surcroît une vingtaine de chartes ou codes de déontologie, de même qu’elle se fonde sur une brève enquête de certains directeurs d’école de journalisme. La thèse révèle la montée récente des enjeux déontologiques et la bonne volonté des journalistes et de leurs médiateurs pour faire face à cette situation. Elle montre aussi les différences entre les pratiques éthiques concrètes des différents médias, l’impuissance des écoles de journalisme à enseigner l’éthique, l’importance névralgique de l’attitude des patrons de presse envers l’éthique journalistique et parfois les difficultés des journalistes devant certains dilemmes et certaines pressions. Un des enjeux majeurs pour l’avenir est de rendre plus cohérentes les chartes ou codes écrits, les différentes formes de gouvernance de la presse et les pratiques journalistiques. / This study is an exploratory research on a topic that has been slightly studied empirically. What are the issues of “professional ethics” and “deontology” amongst French journalists? What do they have to say? What problems are they confronted with? What is the role of chief editors? Because of increased competition, the concentration of press ownership, new technologies and other factors, “ethics” has now become a central issue in journalism. The thesis is, above all, a content analysis of journalists’ points of view, as recorded in some 100 face to face interviews of journalists in the generalist, private and public French press, newspapers and broadcasters. Participant observation was also a key methodology: some 10 quite lengthy internships in several media were done. Furthermore, the thesis analyses some 20 charters and codes of ethics and conducted a brief enquiry within schools of journalism. The thesis shows that ethics is now an absolutely central issue and that journalists (and their ombudsmen) have a very good will to cope with this new situation. Yet more, the thesis also shows the difference in the concrete practices of various medias, the incapacity of journalism schools to teach ethics, the extreme importance of the attitudes of the main editors, as well as sometimes the difficulties of journalists to cope with some pressures and dilemmas. One major issue for the future is to make the written charters and codes, press governance and journalistic practices more coherent.

The intention of the empirical missiology is to systematically examine the reality of mission practice with the aid of empirical methods. To reach this aim the dissertation will attempt to combine empirical social science with missiology in a way that they positively complement one another throughout the whole process of research. This intradisciplinary procedure is new to missiology and therefore an important contribution to research. To form a basis, social as well as missiological research will be dealt with and von der Vens empirical theology examined. For the hermeneutic methodological realization of the empirical missiology an empirical-theological praxis cycle will be developed consisting of seven individual stages of research. The missiological reflection of each stage is the minor cycle. This procedure guarantees firstly a strictly methodical way of working and secondly missiological relevance that takes the context of praxis seriously and serves the mission. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:51:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 166820.pdf.jpg: 16351 bytes, checksum: 6c3229cf93994513f37086020ef4c6fc (MD5) 166820.pdf: 2874178 bytes, checksum: b87012882801c23b07870292ff40d72d (MD5) 166820.pdf.txt: 211682 bytes, checksum: 1c1c647283ff3bce353d1aad112aa76e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-15T00:00:00Z / Diversos estudos vêm analisando a contribuição da gestão da qualidade para o resultados financeiros das empresas, sejam eles conduzidos por acadêmicos ou por firmas de consultoria diretamente interessadas em comprovar a relação entre qualidade e desempenho superior. Apesar dos benefícios atribuídos ao gerenciamento da qualidade, o conjunto de pesquisas empíricas publicadas até hoje apresenta resultados não conclusivos. A grande maioria desses trabalhos se utilizam de dados de empresas americanas ou européias; no Brasil tal linha de pesquisa ainda é incipiente. Além de comparar o desempenho financeiro de uma amostra de empresas que efetivamente adotam a gestão da qualidade com as demais empresas de seus respectivos setores de atuação, este trabalho avaliou também a evolução do desempenho das próprias empresas dessa amostra no longo prazo (10 anos), comparando seus resultados no período pós-implementação da qualidade com os resultados obtidos anteriormente. Como proxy para a adoção efetiva da qualidade foram consideradas na amostra de estudo 33 empresas reconhecidas como ganhadoras ou finalistas do Prêmio Nacional da Qualidade (PNQ). O desempenho financeiro foi medido em três dimensões: crescimento, lucratividade e valor de mercado. Esses dados foram obtidos de um conjunto de bases de dados entre as quais se destacam o Balanço Anual da Gazeta Mercantil, a Economática e as Pesquisas Industriais Anuais do IBGE. Para isolar o efeito do setor de atuação das empresas, as variáveis foram parametrizadas de acordo com uma relação entre o desempenho das empresas da amostra de estudo, o desempenho do setor e a variância do desempenho do setor. No total, foram utilizadas 12.010 observações de 2.624 empresas (33 da amostra de estudo e 2.591 dos setores), no período de 1987 a 2006. Na primeira etapa da metodologia, o desempenho de cada empresa da amostra de estudo foi sumarizado por meio de regressões lineares, resultando em dois coeficientes: um linear representando o desempenho no ponto médio do período e um angular representando a taxa de evolução do desempenho no mesmo período. A seguir, análises paramétricas (testes t) e não-paramétricas (testes de Wilcoxon para observações pareadas e teste dos sinais) foram realizadas para os dados de toda a amostra. Os resultados mostraram que a rentabilidade foi a única dimensão estudada onde as empresas da amostra tiveram desempenho superior à média de seus respectivos setores; por outro lado, não foram observadas melhorias no desempenho quando comparados os períodos anterior e posterior à implementação efetiva da qualidade. A análise em conjunto desses dois achados fornece indícios de uma relação de co-variância, e não causal, entre qualidade e lucratividade. As conclusões apresentam as principais implicações dos resultados, com ênfase na formulação de possíveis hipóteses para se entender as causas da falta de associação entre qualidade e desempenho superior. Entre as mais importantes destacam-se hipóteses que relacionam qualidade e a perda da capacidade de inovação e que avaliam a gestão da qualidade sob a ótica da linha de pesquisa em estratégia conhecida por visão baseada em recursos (resource-based view – RBV). / Several studies analyzed the quality management contribution to the firms’ financial performance, conducted by either academics or consultant firms interested in demonstrate the relationship between quality and superior performance. Although its promoters publicize the advantages of quality management, the body of empirical researches relating quality management and performance produced mixed results. In the most part, these studies used data from American or European companies; in Brazil, this field of research is still incipient. Beyond comparing the financial performance of a sample of firms which effectively adopt the quality management against a set of others firms of the same economic sectors, this study evaluated the performance evolution of the sample companies, in a long-term framework (10 years), comparing their results in the quality post-implementation period with the results already obtained in the early period. As the proxy to the effective adoption of quality management the research considered a sample of 33 companies distinguished as award recipients or finalists of the Brazilian National Quality Award (Prêmio Nacional da Qualidade – PNQ). The financial performance was measured by growth, profitability and market value. These financial data were collected in a set of data banks including Balanço Anual from Gazeta Mercantil, Economática, and the Annual Industrial Surveys from Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). To isolate the effect of the economic sectors, the indicators were standardized according to a relationship among the performance of the sample firms, the sector performance and the variance of the sector performance. In total, 12,010 observations from 2,624 companies (33 from the study sample and 2,591 from the economic sectors) were collected, from 1987 to 2006. In the first stage of the methodology, the performance of each firm in the sample was summarized by means of linear regressions, resulting, to each case, in two coefficients that characterized the performance. A linear coefficient represents the performance in the period midpoint, whereas the angular coefficient represents the increasing rate of the performance in the same period. Afterwards, parametric (t tests) and non-parametric (Wilcoxon tests for related samples and sign tests) analyses were conducted for the whole sample data. The results showed the profitability as the only dimension of financial performance where the firms in the study sample obtained a superior performance when compared with their economic sectors; otherwise evidence was not found that performance in the post-implementation period is superior to the implementation period. A conjoint analysis of these two findings provide evidences of a covariation, and not causation, link between quality and financial performance. The conclusions presented the main implications of the research, emphasizing the formulation of possible hypothesis in order to understand the causes of the findings. Among the most important stands out the hypothesis that relating quality and the lack of innovation capability, and that evaluate quality management using the theory of the resource-based view (RBV).

Submitted by Gauthama Carlos Colagrande Fornaciari de Paula (gauthama.paula@gvmail.br) on 2011-12-13T03:15:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Gauthama Fornaciari de Paula - Versão Final.pdf: 1510572 bytes, checksum: 7ed5a20eba0521f2de6a72945713bbf2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Gisele Isaura Hannickel (gisele.hannickel@fgv.br) on 2011-12-13T14:33:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Gauthama Fornaciari de Paula - Versão Final.pdf: 1510572 bytes, checksum: 7ed5a20eba0521f2de6a72945713bbf2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-12-13T16:10:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Gauthama Fornaciari de Paula - Versão Final.pdf: 1510572 bytes, checksum: 7ed5a20eba0521f2de6a72945713bbf2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-22 / This work aims to produce knowledge about how the Brazilian Federal Court of the 3rd Region has been deciding about two of the main crimes related to the management of the financial institutions: fraudulent management and reckless management. Both crimes have been criticized by the doctrine, because of their failures of definition, since the edition of the federal law n. 7.492, in 1986. Furthermore, their legislative prevision has characteristics that comes close to the paradigm of the criminal law of risk, that is: crimes of abstract danger, that protect collective juridical good, committed by administrators who have the duty of trustworthiness in the management of the institutions, which are submitted to the inherent risks of the financial system. The adoption of this paradigm is contentious in the criminal law doctrine, because implies the flexibilization of the basic rights in a Rule of Law State under the perspective of the traditional criminal law paradigm. Thus, it is adopted the methodology of content analysis of judicial opinions to answer two problems of research: (1) which criteria are adopted by the Court for the characterization of the crimes? (2) Do the judicial opinions come close to one of the paradigms of criminal law? The hypotheses to be tested are: (1) that the Court considers mainly the practice of the conduct without analyzing its harmful potentiality under an ex ante perspective; and, (2) that this discourse of imputation of responsibility comes close to the paradigm of the criminal law of risk, considering, in context, other elements in the judicial opinions. In the first part, there is the methodological introduction; in the second, the theoretical framework; in the third and fourth, the analysis of the quantitative and qualitative results with their discussion; in the end, there is the conclusion, with a proposal of a new problem to be investigated. / Este trabalho visa produzir conhecimento sobre como o Tribunal Regional Federal da 3ª Região tem decidido sobre dois dos principais crimes afetos à administração das instituições financeiras: gestão fraudulenta e gestão temerária. Trata-se de delitos criticados pela doutrina em razão das falhas de definição dos tipos, desde a edição da Lei 7.492, em 1986. Além disso, a sua previsão legislativa possui características que os aproximam do paradigma do direito penal do risco, ou seja: são crimes de perigo abstrato, que tutelam bem jurídico supra-individual, praticados por administradores detentores do dever de probidade na condução das instituições frente aos riscos inerentes à dinâmica do sistema financeiro. A adoção desse paradigma é controversa na doutrina penal por implicar a flexibilização de garantias do Estado Democrático de Direito sob a perspectiva do paradigma do direito penal tradicional. Diante disso, adota-se a metodologia de análise de conteúdo de decisões para se responder a dois problemas de pesquisa: (1) Quais os critérios adotados pelo Tribunal para a configuração dos crimes? (2) As decisões aproximam-se de algum paradigma de direito penal? As hipóteses objeto de teste são: (1) que o Tribunal considera principalmente a prática da conduta sem analisar a sua potencialidade lesiva sob uma perspectiva ex ante; e, (2) que esse discurso de imputação de responsabilidade aproxima as decisões do paradigma do direito penal do risco, considerados, em contexto, outros elementos presentes nas decisões. Na primeira parte, é feita uma introdução metodológica; na segunda, estabelece-se o referencial teórico; na terceira e na quarta, realizam-se as análises dos resultados quantitativos e qualitativos obtidos com a sua discussão; por fim, procede-se à conclusão, levantando-se novo problema a ser investigado.